CN104629786A - Method for producing liquid fuel from biomass waste - Google Patents
Method for producing liquid fuel from biomass waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN104629786A CN104629786A CN201510067790.XA CN201510067790A CN104629786A CN 104629786 A CN104629786 A CN 104629786A CN 201510067790 A CN201510067790 A CN 201510067790A CN 104629786 A CN104629786 A CN 104629786A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/16—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with moving solid heat-carriers in divided form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1003—Waste materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1011—Biomass
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing a liquid fuel from biomass waste, belonging to the technical field of renewable energy sources. The quick thermal cracking method comprises the following steps: the raw material is delivered into a reactor, heated by a heat carrier, and subjected to thermal cracking in the reactor to generate thermal cracking vapor and biochar; the heat carrier is separated, and delivered into a heater; the biochar is separated by a separator and delivered to a char discharge system via a pipeline; and when the thermal cracking vapor passes through a condensation system, the condensable part is condensed into liquid biological oil, the uncondensable part is delivered to a heat carrier heating system via a pipeline and combusted to heat the heat carrier, and the heat carrier reaching the preset temperature is delivered to a ball storage chamber for cyclic utilization. The device can be used in large-scale industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method utilizing biomass waste to produce liquid fuel, especially a kind of lignocellulose-like biomass castoff heat cleavage method, belongs to renewable resources technical field.
Background technology
Along with the development of human civilization, the consumption of the energy constantly rises, and the reserves of fossil energy are limited, thus causes energy dilemma.Simultaneously owing to producing the gases such as a large amount of oxysulfides, oxynitride, carbonic acid gas when fossil energy uses, create serious ecocrisis.Solve one of method of these two crises, find reproducible clean energy exactly.
Bioenergy is due to its abundant raw material source, renewable, wholely utilizes carbon emission amount in process to be the advantage such as zero, is the focus in current renewable energy source research.The Application way of bioenergy has a lot, research on biomass flash pyrolysis for liquid fuel technology is the one that bioenergy utilizes technology, this technology can be converted into the liquid fuel of high heating value, high added value low heat value, low value-added solid-state lignocellulose-like biomass waste, produces charcoal and non-condensable gases simultaneously.Due to its simple process, low to requirement for environmental conditions, the advantages such as adaptability to raw material is wide are just being subject to showing great attention to of investigator all over the world.
Agricultural crop straw, wood chip, rice husk etc. all can be used as the raw material of thermo-cracking preparing bio-oil.China is Rice Production big country, produces nearly 200,000,000 tons of paddy per year.As the Main By product in paddy processing process---rice husk, accounting for 20% of kernel weight, is a kind of important renewable energy source.The method utilized about rice husk is both at home and abroad a lot, and as directly burnt, compressed moulding and be used as feed etc., these Land use systems come with some shortcomings part, and as contaminate environment, capacity usage ratio is low.By biomass fast pyrolysis technology, solid rice husk being converted into liquid fuel is a kind of Land use systems having very much DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT.
The core of research on biomass flash pyrolysis for liquid fuel is reactor.According to the mode of motion of reaction raw materials, the type of reactor is mainly divided into: fixed-bed reactor, fluidized-bed reactor, circulating fluid bed reactor etc.; According to type of heating, the type of reactor is mainly divided into: direct heating type reactor and indirect heating type reactor; Flow pattern according to material: up bed bioreactor and descending-bed reactor.
In prior art, Chinese Patent Application No. is: 200520013147, name is called: mention in the technology of preparing pure biological oil appts. through flash hot cracking biological substance: the Y-tube being connected to feed air-valve mouth and purging air-valve mouth in the lower port of quartz glass tube, purging air-valve mouth is positioned at above feed air-valve mouth, the upper end horizontal branch pipe of quartz glass tube is built with strainer, outside quartz glass tube, carborunbum tube is housed, its cold junction is connected with power supply, heating zone in the middle of one termination carborunbum tube of thermopair, another termination control panel, is equipped with asbestos thermal insulation layer outside carborunbum tube.The weak point of this technology is: device, by the charging of Y-tube feed wind, cannot continue charging and can not ensure temperature of reaction; Device is too simple, is only suitable for the research in laboratory.
And Chinese Patent Application No. is: 200510112221.9, name is called: mention in the technology of apparatus for producing fuel oil by fast thermal cracking and organic waste in agricultural and forest industries: device comprises Poor oxygen gas generating unit, feeding unit, fluidized-bed reactor, product collection device, Temperature-controlled appliance.Annexation is: Poor oxygen gas generating unit is connected with fluidized-bed, feeding unit by vertically to run through with fluidized-bed reactor wall bottom pipe be welded on fluidized-bed reactor, fluidized-bed reactor and feeding unit are welded on a pedestal jointly, product collection device is connected by ring flange with fluidized-bed reactor, Temperature-controlled appliance is by circuit and fluidized-bed reactor, and Poor oxygen gas generating unit is connected.The weak point of this technology is: device needs extra Poor oxygen gas generating unit, adds device cost of manufacture; Tail gas cannot be recycled, and directly discharge causes the waste of resource and the pollution of environment; Device is only applicable to the research in laboratory.
Therefore, those skilled in the art is devoted to develop a kind of novel biomass waste that utilizes and produces the method for liquid fuel and charcoal, realizes large-scale industrial production, to overcome the defect of prior art.
Summary of the invention
Because the above-mentioned defect of prior art, technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of novel biomass waste that utilizes and produces the method for liquid fuel and charcoal.Thermal barrier of the present invention and biomass waste directly contact in gas-solid walks abreast the process that flows downward, and heat transfer rapidly and fully, be applicable to the temperature-rise period of flash; Reactor temperature is evenly distributed, and improves product stability; Temperature of reaction easily controls; Device unloading phase, only need burning bio oil heat supply, entering normal operating phase does not need outside energy to input, and only utilizes the burning of not condensable gases just can provide energy needed for heat scission reaction; The large-scale thermal cracker utilizing this method to make, can reach the scale producing bio oil ton per year.
The present invention is the method utilizing lignocellulose-like biomass waste to produce the fast pyrolysis of liquid fuel.The raw material sources of present method are of a great variety, and stock number is large.Agricultural crop straw, wood chip, rice husk etc. all can be used as the raw material of thermo-cracking preparing bio-oil.Present method mainly utilizes powdered rice hulls at present, by biomass fast pyrolysis technology, solid rice husk is converted into liquid fuel.
This liquid fuel, is also known as bio oil, and calorific value is at about 16MJ/Kg, and current Land use systems mainly burns, and the advantage that this and solid fuel directly burn is: energy density is large, and the dust of generation is few, sufficient combustion etc.Bio oil also further can carry out upgrading process, is transformed into substitute Fuel of Internal Combustion Engine and produces the industrial chemicals of multiple high added value.
The present invention is a kind of method utilizing biomass waste to produce fuel, comprises the following steps:
A), crushed biomass waste, and by pulverize after biomass waste send into reaction unit;
B), make the biomass waste after described pulverizing and the thermal barrier heat exchange in described reaction unit, make biomass waste generation heat scission reaction, generate charcoal and thermo-cracking steam;
C), by the thermo-cracking steam of gained in step (b) be separated with charcoal, and thermal barrier is separated with charcoal;
D) charcoal be mixed in separating step (c) thermo-cracking steam, further, and the charcoal be mixed in separating step (c) thermal barrier;
E), by the thermo-cracking vapour condensation of gained in step (d), bio oil and non-condensable gas is generated.
Wherein reaction unit refers to that the device of energy needed for realization response is overall.Reaction unit comprises reactor, separator, condenser, well heater, row's charcoal device, ball storage chamber and the thermal barrier circulated in systems in which.Reactor is indirect heating type downlink cycle fluidized-bed reactor, and ball storage chamber is the thermal barrier after temporary heating, in order to providing the device of thermal barrier for heat scission reaction.
Step (b) occurs in the reactor of reaction unit, after thermal barrier and biomass thermal exchange, biomass waste generation heat scission reaction, form thermo-cracking steam and charcoal, enter subsequently in separator and realize being separated of thermal barrier and charcoal, and the gas solid separation of thermo-cracking steam and charcoal.
Further, before step (a), also comprise step (f), described step (f) is: start described reaction unit, heats the thermal barrier in described reaction unit.
Further, after step (e), also comprise step (g), described step (g) is: the thermal barrier in the non-condensable gas in step (e) and step (d) after carbon removal all enters well heater, non-condensable gas combustion heating thermal barrier, it is for subsequent use that thermal barrier after heating enters ball storage chamber, continues and biomass waste heat exchange, make biomass matter waste generation heat scission reaction.
Further, in described step (b), thermal barrier carries out Direct Contact Heating to the biomass waste after pulverizing.
Further, thermal barrier is at reaction unit internal recycle.
Further, described thermal barrier is sand, Ceramic Balls or flyash inert solid particle.
Further, in step (a), can adopt screw rod material loading or negative pressure material loading technique when the biomass waste after pulverizing is sent into reaction unit, feeding rate is 1-3t/h.Screw rod material loading uses screw feeding machine, and negative pressure material loading uses negative pressure feeder.
Further, described step (b) is specially: the biomass waste after pulverizing and thermal barrier contact heat-exchanging in the parallel process that flows downward of gas-solid, thermal barrier and the mixing of the biomass waste after pulverizing, and heat is passed to the biomass waste after pulverizing; Biomass waste after pulverizing is heated to more than 500 DEG C in 1-2s, and heat scission reaction occurs, and the volatile component of the biomass waste after pulverizing and moisture form thermo-cracking steam, and the ash content of biomass and fixed carbon form charcoal.Gas-solid walks abreast that the reaction process that flows downward has that gas-solid contact time is short, gas-solid speed and concentration radial distribution is more even, gas-solid axial backmixing greatly reduces, easily realize the features such as high solid-gas ratio operation.
Further, described step concrete (e) is: by the thermo-cracking steam of gained in step (d) through being arranged in a group of described reaction unit or organizing condenser more, the condensable partial coagulation in thermo-cracking steam is described bio oil.
Further, described method also comprise by produce in step (b) and step (d) charcoal utilize pipeline to discharge described reaction unit, maintain the continuous operation of system.
Wherein, thermal barrier heating is device burning bio oil when starting, the not condensable gases heat hot carrier generated in the combustion heat cracking process when device normally transports dress, the energy needed for supply biomass waste thermo-cracking, and save energy is free from environmental pollution.First in cyclonic separator, charcoal is separated with the thermal barrier after biomass heat exchange, then through Cemented filling in thermal barrier heating system, the thermal barrier reaching preset temperature (560 DEG C) is transported to recycle in ball storage chamber.Thermal barrier total amount is 7t, and thermal barrier internal circulating load is 70t/h.
Sepn process utilizes one or more groups cyclonic separator, isolates the carbon dust in thermo-cracking steam and the carbon dust in thermal barrier, carbon dust by Cemented filling to row's charcoal system.
Condensation process be the thermo-cracking steam of high temperature through one group or organize condenser more, be liquid bio oil partial coagulation condensable in thermo-cracking steam, realize the system that gaseous substance changes fluent meterial into.Not condensable gases through Cemented filling in thermal barrier heating system, wherein combustible portion burning, the energy of supply needed for heat scission reaction, not condensible gas reusable edible, normal operating phase does not need outside energy to input, and only utilizes the burning of not condensable gases just can provide heat scission reaction institute energy requirement.
Be described further below with reference to the technique effect of accompanying drawing to design of the present invention, concrete structure and generation, to understand object of the present invention, characteristic sum effect fully.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of the inventive method implementation process
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, device unloading phase, use bio oil combustion heat supplying, heat hot carrier, makes whole system start.Thermal barrier can adopt sand, the inert solid particle such as Ceramic Balls and flyash.When thermal barrier is heated to suitable temperature (560 DEG C), start feed system, biomass waste feedstock transportation in reaction unit, with thermal barrier contact heat-exchanging in the parallel process that flows downward of gas-solid, make biomass waste generation heat scission reaction, produce thermo-cracking steam.Thermal barrier is transported in well heater after being separated.Solid matter in thermo-cracking steam makes gas solid separation by separation system, obtains by product charcoal.Thermo-cracking steam enters condenser system further, and condensable thermo-cracking steam is wherein condensed into liquid fuel: bio oil, remaining not condensable gases, via combustion heating thermal barrier in Cemented filling to well heater.
Material is accounted: according to material balance principle, and the productive rate sum of the productive rate of bio oil, the productive rate of charcoal and non-condensable gases equals 1.In actual test, biomass waste consumption, bio oil output, charcoal output are directly weighed and are recorded, thus obtain the productive rate of bio oil, the productive rate of charcoal, and condensable gases productive rate does not adopt back balance method to calculate.
Bio oil measures its water ratio after collecting, viscosity, density, pH, calorific value, solid content, ash grade characteristic.Measurement of water-content coefficient adopts Karl-Fischer method (KFT TITRINO plus 870 moisture content tester, Wan Tong instrument company of Switzerland, ASTM D1744), and bioassay standard is see ASTM D1744.Viscosity measurement adopts capillary(tube)viscometer method (SYD-265H kinematic viscosity determinator, Shanghai Changji Geological Instrument Co., Ltd.), and bioassay standard is see ASTM D445.Density measurement adopts U-tube concussion method (DMA 4100M Density Measuring Instrument, Austrian Anton Paar company limited, GB/T1884-2000).PH measures and adopts pH meter method (the accurate pH meter of PHS-3CT, Shanghai Lei Ci instrument plant, GB11165-1989).Heating-value determination adopts surveying instrument: oxygen bomb calorimeter, XRY-1B, Shanghai Changji Geological Instrument Co., Ltd., bioassay standard is see GB GB/T283 and ASTM D3286-91a.The measurement of solid particulate matter content adopts dissolve with ethanol method.After determination of ash adopts 775 DEG C to be heated, the minusing of weight measures, and instrument is retort furnace, and bioassay standard is see GB GB/T508-85 and ASTM D482.All mensuration all adopts three repetitions, computation of mean values and variance.
Embodiment 1
Start reaction unit, burning bio oil, heat hot carrier, reaches preset temperature (560 DEG C), using powdered rice hulls as biomass waste raw material, is transported in reaction unit by feed system, and the feeding rate of biomass waste is 2.33t/h.
Biomass waste and thermal barrier direct contact heat transfer in descending process, thermal barrier and biomass waste fully mix, and its heat is passed to biomass waste.Biomass waste instantaneous (1-2s) is heated to more than 500 DEG C, biomass waste generation heat scission reaction, and the volatile matter of biomass waste and moisture major part form thermo-cracking steam.The ash content of biomass waste and fixed carbon major part form charcoal.
After heat scission reaction, thermal barrier is transported in well heater after being separated.Utilize one or more groups cyclonic separator, isolate the carbon dust in thermo-cracking steam, realize being separated of gas phase and solid phase, carbon dust by Cemented filling to row's charcoal system.
The thermo-cracking steam of high temperature is through one group or organize condenser more, is liquid bio oil, realizes gaseous substance and change fluent meterial into partial coagulation condensable in thermo-cracking steam.Not condensable gases through Cemented filling in thermal barrier heating system, wherein combustible portion combustion heating thermal barrier, not condensible gas reusable edible, normal operating phase does not need outside energy to input, and only utilizes the heat of not condensable gases just can provide heat scission reaction institute energy requirement.
First in cyclonic separator, charcoal is separated with the thermal barrier after biomass waste heat exchange, then through Cemented filling in thermal barrier heating system, the thermal barrier reaching preset temperature (560 DEG C) is transported to recycle in ball storage chamber.The combustible portion of the not condensable gases generated in thermal cracking processes burns in heating system, heat hot carrier, the energy needed for the reaction of supply biomass through pyrolysis.
Row's charcoal system utilizes pipeline carbon dust discharger isolated in carbon dust isolated in thermo-cracking steam and thermal barrier, maintains the continuous operation of system.
In the present embodiment, device runtime is 4.42h, and the productive rate of bio oil is 48.1%, and the productive rate of charcoal is 26.0%, and uncondensable gas yield is 25.9%.Concrete bio oil specificity analysis the results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 2
Start reaction unit, burning bio oil, heat hot carrier, reaches preset temperature (560 DEG C), using powdered rice hulls as biomass waste raw material, is transported in reaction unit by feed system, and the feeding rate of biomass is 2.17t/h.
Biomass waste and thermal barrier direct contact heat transfer in descending process, thermal barrier and biomass waste fully mix, and its heat is passed to biomass waste.Biomass waste instantaneous (1-2s) is heated to more than 500 DEG C, biomass waste generation heat scission reaction, and the volatile matter of biomass waste and moisture major part form thermo-cracking steam.The ash content of biomass waste and fixed carbon major part form charcoal.
After heat scission reaction, thermal barrier is transported in well heater after being separated.Utilize one or more groups cyclonic separator, isolate the carbon dust in thermo-cracking steam, realize being separated of gas phase and solid phase, carbon dust by Cemented filling to row's charcoal system.
The thermo-cracking steam of high temperature is through one group or organize condenser more, is liquid bio oil, realizes gaseous substance and change fluent meterial into partial coagulation condensable in thermo-cracking steam.Not condensable gases through Cemented filling in thermal barrier heating system, wherein combustible portion combustion heating thermal barrier, not condensible gas reusable edible, normal operating phase does not need outside energy to input, and only utilizes the heat of not condensible gas just can provide heat scission reaction institute energy requirement.
First in cyclonic separator, charcoal is separated with the thermal barrier after biomass waste heat exchange, then through Cemented filling in thermal barrier heating system, the thermal barrier reaching preset temperature (560 DEG C) is transported to recycle in ball storage chamber.The combustible portion of the not condensable gases generated in thermal cracking processes burns in heating system, heat hot carrier, the energy of supply needed for biomass through pyrolysis.
Row's charcoal system utilizes pipeline carbon dust discharger isolated in carbon dust isolated in thermo-cracking steam and thermal barrier, maintains the continuous operation of system.
In the present embodiment, device runtime is 80.42h, and the productive rate of bio oil is 46.3%, and the productive rate of charcoal is 29.0%, and uncondensable gas yield is 24.7%.Concrete bio oil specificity analysis the results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 3
Start reaction unit, burning bio oil, heat hot carrier, reaches preset temperature (560 DEG C), using powdered rice hulls as biomass waste raw material, is transported in reaction unit by feed system, and the feeding rate of biomass is 2.19t/h.
Biomass waste and thermal barrier direct contact heat transfer in descending process, thermal barrier and biomass waste fully mix, and its heat is passed to biomass waste.Biomass waste instantaneous (1-2s) is heated to more than 500 DEG C, biomass waste generation heat scission reaction, and the volatile matter of biomass waste and moisture major part form thermo-cracking steam.The ash content of biomass waste and fixed carbon major part form charcoal.
After heat scission reaction, thermal barrier is transported in well heater after being separated.Utilize one or more groups cyclonic separator, isolate the carbon dust in thermo-cracking steam, realize being separated of gas phase and solid phase, carbon dust by Cemented filling to row's charcoal system.
The thermo-cracking steam of high temperature is through one group or organize condenser more, is liquid bio oil, realizes gaseous substance and change fluent meterial into partial coagulation condensable in thermo-cracking steam.Not condensable gases through Cemented filling in thermal barrier heating system, wherein combustible portion combustion heating thermal barrier, not condensible gas reusable edible, normal operating phase does not need outside energy to input, and only utilizes the heat of not condensible gas just can provide heat scission reaction institute energy requirement.
First in cyclonic separator, charcoal is separated with the thermal barrier after biomass waste heat exchange, then through Cemented filling in thermal barrier heating system, the thermal barrier reaching preset temperature (560 DEG C) is transported to recycle in ball storage chamber.The combustible portion of the not condensable gases generated in thermal cracking processes burns in heating system, heat hot carrier, the energy of supply needed for biomass through pyrolysis.
Row's charcoal system utilizes pipeline carbon dust discharger isolated in carbon dust isolated in thermo-cracking steam and thermal barrier, maintains the continuous operation of system.
In the present embodiment, device runtime is 9.60h, and the productive rate of bio oil is 47.6%, and the productive rate of charcoal is 31.0%, and uncondensable gas yield is 21.4%.Concrete bio oil specificity analysis the results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 4
Start reaction unit, burning bio oil, heat hot carrier, reaches preset temperature (560 DEG C), using powdered rice hulls as biomass waste raw material, is transported in reaction unit by feed system, and the feeding rate of biomass is 3t/h.
Biomass waste and thermal barrier direct contact heat transfer in descending process, thermal barrier and biomass waste fully mix, and its heat is passed to biomass waste.Biomass waste instantaneous (1-2s) is heated to more than 500 DEG C, biomass waste generation heat scission reaction, and the volatile matter of biomass waste and moisture major part form thermo-cracking steam.The ash content of biomass waste and fixed carbon major part form charcoal.
After heat scission reaction, thermal barrier is transported in well heater after being separated.Utilize one or more groups cyclonic separator, isolate the carbon dust in thermo-cracking steam, realize being separated of gas phase and solid phase, carbon dust by Cemented filling to row's charcoal system.
The thermo-cracking steam of high temperature is through one group or organize condenser more, is liquid bio oil, realizes gaseous substance and change fluent meterial into partial coagulation condensable in thermo-cracking steam.Not condensable gases through Cemented filling in thermal barrier heating system, wherein combustible portion combustion heating thermal barrier, not condensible gas reusable edible, normal operating phase does not need outside energy to input, and only utilizes the heat of not condensible gas just can provide heat scission reaction institute energy requirement.
First in cyclonic separator, charcoal is separated with the thermal barrier after biomass waste heat exchange, then through Cemented filling in thermal barrier heating system, the thermal barrier reaching preset temperature (560 DEG C) is transported to recycle in ball storage chamber.Combustible portion combustion heating thermal barrier in heating system of the not condensable gases generated in thermal cracking processes, the energy of supply needed for biomass through pyrolysis.
Row's charcoal system utilizes pipeline carbon dust discharger isolated in carbon dust isolated in thermo-cracking steam and thermal barrier, maintains the continuous operation of system.
In the present embodiment, device runtime is 6.17h, and the productive rate of bio oil is 53.2%, and the productive rate of charcoal is 30.0%, and uncondensable gas yield is 16.8%.Concrete bio oil specificity analysis the results are shown in Table 1.
The specificity analysis of table 1 bio oil
More than describe preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail.Should be appreciated that the ordinary skill of this area just design according to the present invention can make many modifications and variations without the need to creative work.Therefore, all technician in the art, all should by the determined protection domain of claims under this invention's idea on the basis of existing technology by the available technical scheme of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment.
Claims (10)
1. utilize biomass waste to produce a method for fuel, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
A), crushed biomass waste, and by pulverize after biomass waste send into reaction unit;
B), make the biomass waste after described pulverizing and the thermal barrier heat exchange in described reaction unit, make described biomass waste generation heat scission reaction, generate charcoal and thermo-cracking steam;
C), by the thermo-cracking steam of gained in step (b) be separated with charcoal, and thermal barrier is separated with charcoal;
D) charcoal be mixed in separating step (c) thermo-cracking steam, further, and the charcoal be mixed in separating step (c) thermal barrier;
E), by the thermo-cracking vapour condensation of gained in step (d), bio oil and non-condensable gases is generated.
2. utilize biomass waste to produce the method for fuel as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, before step (a), also comprise step (f), described step (f) is: start described reaction unit, heats the thermal barrier in described reaction unit.
3. utilize biomass waste to produce the method for fuel as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, after step (e), also comprise step (g), described step (g) is: the thermal barrier in the non-condensable gas in step (e) and step (d) after carbon removal all enters well heater, non-condensable gas combustion heating thermal barrier, it is for subsequent use that thermal barrier after heating enters ball storage chamber, continue and biomass waste heat exchange, make biomass waste generation heat scission reaction.
4. utilize biomass waste to produce the method for fuel as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (b), described thermal barrier carries out Direct Contact Heating to the biomass waste after described pulverizing.
5. utilize biomass waste to produce the method for liquid fuel as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, thermal barrier is at reaction unit internal recycle.
6. utilize biomass waste to produce the method for liquid fuel as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described thermal barrier is sand, Ceramic Balls or flyash inert solid particle.
7. utilize biomass waste to produce the method for liquid fuel as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (a), can adopt screw rod material loading or negative pressure material loading technique when the biomass waste after described pulverizing being sent into described reaction unit, feeding rate is 1-3t/h.
8. utilize biomass waste to produce the method for liquid fuel as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step (b) is specially: the biomass waste after pulverizing and thermal barrier be contact heat-exchanging in gas-solid walks abreast the process that flows downward, thermal barrier and the mixing of the biomass waste after pulverizing, and heat is passed to the biomass waste after pulverizing; Biomass waste after pulverizing is heated to more than 500 DEG C in 1-2s, and heat scission reaction occurs, and the volatile component of the biomass waste after pulverizing and moisture form thermo-cracking steam, and the ash content in biomass waste and fixed carbon form charcoal.
9. utilize biomass waste to produce the method for liquid fuel as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step (e) is specially: by the thermo-cracking steam of gained in step (d) through being arranged in a group of described reaction unit or organizing condenser more, the condensable partial coagulation in thermo-cracking steam is described bio oil.
10. utilize biomass waste to produce the method for liquid fuel as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described method also comprises and utilizes pipeline to discharge described reaction unit the charcoal of the generation in step (b) and step (d), maintains the continuous operation of system.
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| CN105665418A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-15 | 罗红杰 | Garbage anaerobic decomposition equipment |
| CN106147818A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-11-23 | 上海交通大学 | One utilizes biomass castoff to produce liquid fuel device and using method |
| CN107892931A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-04-10 | 东南大学 | The apparatus and method that portable pyrolysis prepares charcoal |
| CN111363569A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-07-03 | 华中科技大学 | System for co-production of gas-liquid fuel, chemicals and carbon materials by catalytic pyrolysis of biomass |
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| CN111363569A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-07-03 | 华中科技大学 | System for co-production of gas-liquid fuel, chemicals and carbon materials by catalytic pyrolysis of biomass |
| CN111363569B (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2021-05-18 | 华中科技大学 | System for co-production of gas-liquid fuel, chemicals and carbon materials by catalytic pyrolysis of biomass |
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