CN104625257B - Adjustable electric spark small inverted taper hole machining device - Google Patents
Adjustable electric spark small inverted taper hole machining device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104625257B CN104625257B CN201510064895.XA CN201510064895A CN104625257B CN 104625257 B CN104625257 B CN 104625257B CN 201510064895 A CN201510064895 A CN 201510064895A CN 104625257 B CN104625257 B CN 104625257B
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- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
- B23H7/26—Apparatus for moving or positioning electrode relatively to workpiece; Mounting of electrode
- B23H7/30—Moving electrode in the feed direction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H9/00—Machining specially adapted for treating particular metal objects or for obtaining special effects or results on metal objects
- B23H9/14—Making holes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H2200/00—Specific machining processes or workpieces
- B23H2200/20—Specific machining processes or workpieces for making conical bores
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides an adjustable tiny back taper hole processingequipment of electric spark which characterized in that: the device comprises a wire electrode guide feeding mechanism, a rotating mechanism and a conical pendulum mechanism; the rotating mechanism comprises a motor and a rotating sleeve, and the motor drives the rotating sleeve to rotate; the cone pendulum mechanism comprises a turntable, a cone rotating sleeve, a cone pendulum shaft, an adjusting and positioning structure and an anti-rotating part; the outer convex arc surface on the conical rotating sleeve is in contact fit with the V-shaped surface or the inner concave arc surface on the rotary table to form a deflection pair, the conical pendulum shaft is coaxially installed in an inner hole of the conical rotating sleeve, the guider is installed in the conical pendulum shaft in a positioning mode, the positioning structure is adjusted to enable the deflection pair to deflect, the anti-rotation component prevents the conical pendulum shaft from rotating, the conical pendulum mechanism is driven by the rotating mechanism, the conical pendulum shaft drives the electrode wire to do conical pendulum motion through the guider, and the tiny inverted taper hole machining of the electric spark is achieved under the cooperation of the electrode wire feeding mechanism. The scheme has the advantages of simple structure, small abrasion of the deflection pair, good processability and retentivity and high precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric spark machining field, particularly relate to a kind of adjustable electric spark small reverse taper holes processing unit (plant).
Background technology
In electric spark capillary processing, due to electric spark sideflash, general processed Kong Weizheng taper hole, see shown in accompanying drawing 1, i.e. on workpiece 1, the electrode inlet 2 of positive taper hole is more than electrode outlet 3.But in some applications, seeing shown in accompanying drawing 2, as the nozzle opening 5 of fuel-injector for automobile engine 4 then requires to use reverse taper holes, see shown in accompanying drawing 3, i.e. on workpiece 1, the electrode inlet 2 of reverse taper holes is less than electrode outlet 3, with atomizing effect more preferable after obtaining fuel oil ejection.Chinese patent CN102069249A discloses the application for a patent for invention of entitled " for the cone angle pushing mechanism of superfine back taper hole spark machined ", that application discloses a kind of towards Europe IV(state 4) more than standard atomizer trickle reverse taper holes spark machined mechanism, it is based on micro-electrode back taper taper seat motion principle, by deflection axle sleeve internal conical surface and convex spherical fit approach, it is accurately positioned small cone angle summit with the centre of sphere, by regulation yawing axis set upper side eccentric distance, it is achieved the accurate regulation of small cone angle size；By the class planetary motion of two bearings, to transmit when power makes yawing axis be enclosed within cone angle beat without spinning motion；Alignment pin is accurately positioned overlapping of rotary module rotation center and convex spherical centre of sphere place vertical axis；Electrode, while axial servo feed, along the taper seat shake set under deflection axle sleeve and guider drive, thus processes the reverse taper holes setting cone angle on workpiece.Said mechanism is capable of the processing of reverse taper holes, but this mechanism structure is complicated, requirement on machining accuracy is high；Particularly there is relative motion between deflection axle sleeve internal conical surface and convex spherical, can cause abrasion, thus affect machining accuracy during use, the tapering in the hole of processing, circularity can not keep consistent for a long time with aperture etc..Then, above-mentioned deficiency how is overcome to become the research topic into the present invention.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide that a kind of structure is the simplest and the most direct, processability and retentivity more preferable adjustable electric spark small reverse taper holes processing unit (plant).
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of adjustable electric spark small reverse taper holes processing unit (plant), guides feed mechanism, rotating mechanism and conical pendulm mechanism including wire electrode；
Described wire electrode guides feed mechanism and is mainly made up of guider and wire electrode feed mechanism, and guider is provided with pilot hole, and in during work, wire electrode is located in pilot hole, wire electrode feed mechanism is sent into wire electrode along the axial servo of pilot hole；
Described rotating mechanism includes that one is rotated the pivoted housing of supporting as the motor and of rotary power, and motor output shaft is in transmission connection pivoted housing, drives pivoted housing to rotate with this；
Described conical pendulm mechanism includes rotating disk, cone pivoted housing, conical pendulm axle, regulation location structure and anti-rotation member；
One end of described rotating disk is fixedly and coaxially connected with one end of pivoted housing or is structure as a whole, rotating disk central authorities are axially arranged with through hole along pivoted housing, it is radially provided with groove along pivoted housing on the rotating disk other end, two medial surface of groove form V-arrangement face or inner concave shape arc surface, the intersection of two medial surface forming V-arrangement face intersects vertically with the rotation axis of pivoted housing, the axis of inner concave shape arc surface intersects vertically with the rotation axis of pivoted housing, and described through hole is through with groove；
Described cone pivoted housing is placed in the through hole of rotating disk, the main body of cone pivoted housing is a tube-in-tube structure, the cylindrical of sleeve is provided with two flanks extended radially, two flanks are arranged symmetrically with in excircle of sleeve circumference, male type arc surface it is equipped with on each flank, the axis of male type arc surface is vertical with the interior axially bored line of sleeve, male type arc surface on cone pivoted housing contacts with the V-arrangement face on rotating disk or inner concave shape arc surface and cooperatively forms deflection pair, cone pivoted housing positions on the axis direction of male type arc surface relative to rotating disk, excircle of sleeve leaves gap with through hole on the yawing moment that deflection is secondary, the deflection center of deflection pair is in the pilot hole of guider and exports position between work pieces process face, described deflection center is i.e. the conical pendulm summit of wire electrode；
Described conical pendulm axle is coaxially mounted in the endoporus of cone pivoted housing sleeve, and conical pendulm axle is provided with through hole in the axial direction, and described guider location and installation is in this through hole；
Described regulation location structure regulates parts as the deflection that deflection is secondary or mechanism acts between rotating disk and cone pivoted housing, and when operation regulation location structure, the interior axially bored line of cone pivoted housing upper bush deflects relative to the rotation axis of pivoted housing；
Described anti-rotation member is the parts preventing conical pendulm axle from rotating or structure, it has a fixing end and an anti-rotation end, the mounting seat of the most described electric spark of fixing end small reverse taper holes processing unit (plant) is fixed, anti-rotation end is fixing with conical pendulm axle to be connected, limit conical pendulm axle with this to circumferentially rotate around own axes, and conical pendulm axle axially and radially has degree of freedom；
Under in working order, after operation regulation location structure forces the interior axially bored line of cone pivoted housing upper bush to deflect relative to the rotation axis of pivoted housing, conical pendulm mechanism is under the drive of rotating mechanism, conical pendulm axle makees the conical pendulm motion of the rotation axis around pivoted housing, pilot hole from there through guider drives wire electrode to make conical pendulm motion, and deflect and between secondary contact surface, there is no relative motion, it is sent in wire electrode feed mechanism servo in the engagement process of wire electrode, it is achieved the small reverse taper holes of electric spark is processed simultaneously.
Relevant content and change interpretation in such scheme are as follows:
1., in such scheme, " adjustable " two word in described subject name refers to that the angle of taper of processed small reverse taper holes is adjustable.
2., in such scheme, described " axis of inner concave shape arc surface " refers to be formed the axis of complete circular hole by the radius of inner concave shape arc surface.Described " axis of male type arc surface " refers to the axis of the formed complete circle cylinder of the radius by male type arc surface.
3. in such scheme, position on the axis direction of male type arc surface to be advantageously implemented cone pivoted housing, and deflect on the yawing moment that deflection is secondary, via design on described rotating disk is become slotted hole, the rotation axis of pivoted housing is parallel with the plane of symmetry of slotted hole and in the plane of symmetry, the diameter of slotted hole length direction is more than the diameter of slotted hole width, the diameter of slotted hole width is equal or slightly larger than the excircle of sleeve diameter boring pivoted housing, realizes boring pivoted housing with this and positions on the axis direction of male type arc surface relative to rotating disk.
4. in such scheme, in order to make to keep contact to coordinate between the secondary contact surface of deflection, it is provided with spring for cone pivoted housing or convex top dome props up structure, described spring or convex top dome are propped up structure and are acted axially on cone pivoted housing at sleeve, force the male type arc surface on cone pivoted housing to contact with the V-arrangement face on rotating disk or inner concave shape arc surface and cooperatively form deflection pair.
Operation principle of the present invention and advantage are as follows:
When the pivoted housing of rotating mechanism drives turntable rotation, rotating disk is by regulation location structure and deflection subband mantle pivoted housing synchronous rotary, if the hub internal bore axis now boring pivoted housing is coaxial with pivoted housing rotation axis, then bore hub internal bore and the pivoted housing rotation axis coaxial rotating of pivoted housing, if the hub internal bore axis of cone pivoted housing is adjusted to become an intersecting angle with pivoted housing rotation axis, then the hub internal bore (axis) boring pivoted housing turns around pivoted housing rotation axis cone.When the hub internal bore cone boring pivoted housing turns, owing to conical pendulm axle can not rotate under anti-rotation member effect, the hub internal bore then boring pivoted housing can only drive the bearing inner race being contained in conical pendulm axle cylindrical to drive conical pendulm axle around deflection center conical pendulm by the bearing outer ring being mounted in it through bearing steel ball, meanwhile, the wire electrode conical pendulm that it is interior driven by the guider pilot hole being contained in conical pendulm axle.Bearing, anti-rotation member serve and limit the effect that conical pendulm axle rotates, and are converted into conical pendulm axial cone pendular motion by dynamic for the cone transhipment of cone pivoted housing.The movement velocity of conical pendulm can be adjusted by the driving motor speed of regulation rotating mechanism.
The present invention has the advantage that compared with existing electric spark back taper micro hole machining mechanism
The most at work, without relative motion between the contact surface that deflection is secondary, i.e. will not produce additive error because of mutually motion, will not produce abrasion because of mutually motion again, precision stability is good.
2. with use the conical surface and the deflection parafacies ratio of sphere composition, the present invention use male type arc surface contact with V-arrangement face or inner concave shape arc surface to cooperatively form deflection secondary, its profile simply, is easily processed, and can effective maintaining body precision.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is positive taper hole (micro hole) machining sketch chart；
Accompanying drawing 2 is atomizer generalized section；
Accompanying drawing 3 is reverse taper holes (micro hole) machining sketch chart；
Accompanying drawing 4 is embodiment of the present invention structural representation；
Accompanying drawing 5 is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 4；
Accompanying drawing 6 is enlarged drawing at the A of Fig. 5；
Accompanying drawing 7 is secondary (two sections of male type arc surfaces with concentric contact cooperation with the V-arrangement face) schematic diagram of embodiment of the present invention deflection；
Accompanying drawing 8 is the embodiment of the present invention secondary change programme (two sections of male type arc surfaces with concentric contact cooperation with the inner concave shape arc surface) schematic diagram of the first deflection；
Accompanying drawing 9 is secondary change programme (two sections of male type arc surfaces with non-concentric contact cooperation with the inner concave shape arc surface) schematic diagram of embodiment of the present invention the second deflection；
Accompanying drawing 10 is that the convex top dome that the embodiment of the present invention substitutes spring in deflection vice division chief props up structural representation；
Accompanying drawing 11 is the embodiment of the present invention cam pin regulation location structure schematic diagram in deflection vice division chief substitute adjustment screw；
Accompanying drawing 12 is the B-B sectional view of Figure 11；
Accompanying drawing 13 bores pivoted housing, bearing and conical pendulm shaft-assembling structure figure for the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 14 is C-C section epicone pivoted housing and conical pendulm axle schematic diagram in conical pendulm moves in Figure 13.
In the figures above: 1. workpiece；2. entrance；3. outlet；4. atomizer；5. nozzle opening；6. pivoted housing；7. guider；8. conical pendulm axle；9. cone pivoted housing；10. flank；11. bearings；12. electrodes；13. platens；14. springs；15. convex arc surfaces；16.V shape face；17. regulation screws；18. anti-pivoted frames；19. anti-bull sticks；20. first rollers；21. second rollers；22. wire electrode feed mechanisms；23. rotating disks；Axle in 24.；25. bearings；26. motors；27. small pulleys；28. Timing Belts；29. big belt wheels；30. convex balls；31. cam pins；32. installing holes.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment the invention will be further described:
Embodiment: a kind of adjustable electric spark small reverse taper holes processing unit (plant)
As shown in figs. 4-7, this processing unit (plant) includes that wire electrode guides feed mechanism, rotating mechanism and conical pendulm mechanism.
Described wire electrode guides feed mechanism and is mainly formed (see Fig. 4 and Fig. 5) by guider 7 and wire electrode feed mechanism 22.Guider 7 is provided with pilot hole, wire electrode feed mechanism 22 includes the first roller 20 and the second roller 21, first roller 20 and the second roller 21 are arranged symmetrically in electrode 12 both sides with described electrode 12 for axis of symmetry, and clamp described electrode 12, in both first roller 20 and the second roller 21, at least one is connected with a servo motor transmission, and guider 7 is located at wire electrode feed mechanism 22 front.During work, wire electrode 12 is located in pilot hole, and wire electrode feed mechanism 22 is sent into wire electrode 12 along the axial servo of pilot hole.
Described rotating mechanism includes that one is rotated the pivoted housing of supporting as the motor and of rotary power, and motor output shaft is in transmission connection pivoted housing, drives pivoted housing to rotate with this.Implementing is (see figure 4): rotating mechanism is made up of interior axle 24, bearing 25, pivoted housing 6, Timing Belt 28, small pulley 27, big belt wheel 29 and motor 26.The mounting seat of interior axle 24 relative electric spark small reverse taper holes processing unit (plant) is fixed, and pivoted housing 6 is rotationally supported on interior axle 24 by bearing 25.The big relative pivoted housing of belt wheel 29 6 is fixing to be connected, and motor 26 drives pivoted housing 6 to rotate by small pulley 27, Timing Belt 28 and big belt wheel 29.
Described conical pendulm mechanism includes rotating disk 23, cone pivoted housing 9, conical pendulm axle 8, regulation location structure and anti-rotation member.This conical pendulm mechanism is described in detail as follows:
1. rotating disk
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, one end (upper end) of described rotating disk 23 is fixedly and coaxially connected with one end (lower end) of pivoted housing 6, rotating disk 23 central authorities are axially arranged with through hole along pivoted housing 6, it is radially provided with groove along pivoted housing 6 on rotating disk 23 other end (lower end), two medial surface of groove form V-arrangement face 16, and the intersection of two medial surface forming V-arrangement face 16 intersects vertically with the rotation axis of pivoted housing 6.Described through hole is through with groove.
2. cone pivoted housing
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, described cone pivoted housing 9 is placed in the through hole of rotating disk 23, the main body of cone pivoted housing 9 is a tube-in-tube structure, the cylindrical of sleeve is provided with two flanks extended radially 10, two flanks 10 are arranged symmetrically with in excircle of sleeve circumference, being equipped with male type arc surface 15 on each flank 10, two sections of male type arc surfaces 15 have concentrically ringed feature, and this concentrically ringed axis intersects vertically with the interior axially bored line of sleeve.
In order to make the convex arc surface 15 on cone pivoted housing 9 keep contacting cooperation with the V-arrangement face 16 on rotating disk 23, it is additionally provided with platen 13 and spring 14.Under the top of platen 13 and spring 14 is pressed, force two sections of male type arc surfaces 15 on cone pivoted housing 9 to contact with the V-arrangement face 16 on rotating disk 23 and cooperatively form deflection pair (see Fig. 6 and Fig. 7).
Position on the axis direction of male type arc surface 15 to be advantageously implemented cone pivoted housing 9, and deflect on the yawing moment that deflection is secondary, the Cross section Design of the through hole on rotating disk 23 can be become slotted hole (not representing in figure), the rotation axis of pivoted housing 6 is parallel with the plane of symmetry of slotted hole and in the plane of symmetry, the diameter of slotted hole length direction is more than the diameter of slotted hole width, the diameter of slotted hole width is equal or slightly larger than the excircle of sleeve diameter boring pivoted housing 9, realize boring the relative rotating disk 23 of pivoted housing 9 with this to position on the axis direction of male type arc surface 15.Excircle of sleeve leaves gap with through hole on the yawing moment that deflection is secondary, i.e. leaves gap between slotted hole length direction excircle of sleeve and slotted hole, in order to deflection pair deflects on yawing moment.The deflection center of deflection pair is in the pilot hole of guider 7 and exports position between work pieces process face, and described deflection center is i.e. the conical pendulm summit of wire electrode 12.
3. conical pendulm axle
Described conical pendulm axle 8 is coaxially mounted in the endoporus of cone pivoted housing 9 sleeve by bearing 11, through hole it is provided with in the axial direction on conical pendulm axle 8, described guider 7 location and installation is in this through hole, and the pilot hole axis of guider 7 and the endoporus axis coaxle boring pivoted housing 9 sleeve are arranged.
4. regulation location structure
Described regulation location structure regulates parts as the deflection that deflection is secondary or mechanism acts between rotating disk 23 and cone pivoted housing 9, and when operation regulation location structure, the interior axially bored line of cone pivoted housing 9 upper bush deflects relative to the rotation axis of pivoted housing 6.
The effect one of described regulation location structure is the deflection angle that regulation deflection is secondary, and two is that the deflection angle keeping deflection secondary after adjustment is constant.In the present embodiment, the specific implementation of described regulation location structure is: as shown in Figure 5, described regulation location structure is made up of two regulation screws 17, two regulation screws 17 are arranged symmetrically with in rotating disk 23 circumference, corresponding each regulation screw 17 is disposed radially screwed hole on rotating disk 23, two regulation screws 17 are screwed in respective screwed hole respectively, and symmetrical in opposite directions topmast is in cone pivoted housing 9 excircle of sleeve, screw out a regulation screw 17, screw in another regulation screw 17, cone pivoted housing 9 can be made to rotate a deflection angle around the deflection center that deflection is secondary according to the tapering size of processed small reverse taper holes.
5. anti-rotation member
Described anti-rotation member is the parts preventing conical pendulm axle 8 from rotating or structure, it has a fixing end and an anti-rotation end, the mounting seat of the most described electric spark of fixing end small reverse taper holes processing unit (plant) is fixed, anti-rotation end is fixing with conical pendulm axle 8 to be connected, limit conical pendulm axle 8 with this to circumferentially rotate around own axes, and conical pendulm axle 8 axially and radially has degree of freedom.
The effect of described anti-rotation member is to limit conical pendulm axle to circumferentially rotate around own axes, and conical pendulm axle axially and radially has degree of freedom.In the present embodiment, the specific implementation of described anti-rotation member is: anti-rotation member is made up of an anti-pivoted frame 18 and an anti-bull stick 19, one end of anti-bull stick 19 is connected as anti-rotation end is fixing with conical pendulm axle 8, the other end of anti-bull stick 19 is located by connecting in conical pendulm axle 8 circumference with one end of anti-pivoted frame 18, simultaneously conical pendulm axle 8 axially and radially on be slidably connected, the other end of anti-pivoted frame 18 is fixed as the mounting seat of the most described electric spark of fixing end small reverse taper holes processing unit (plant), prevents conical pendulm axle 8 from rotating with this.
6. duty
Under in working order, after operation regulation location structure forces the interior axially bored line of cone pivoted housing 9 upper bush to deflect relative to the rotation axis of pivoted housing 6, conical pendulm mechanism is under the drive of rotating mechanism, conical pendulm axle 8 makees the conical pendulm motion of the rotation axis around pivoted housing 6, pilot hole from there through guider 7 drives wire electrode 12 to make conical pendulm motion, and deflect and there is no relative motion between secondary contact surface, it is sent in wire electrode feed mechanism 22 servo in the engagement process of wire electrode 12, it is achieved the small reverse taper holes of electric spark is processed simultaneously.
Figure 13 is cone pivoted housing 9, bearing 11 and conical pendulm axle 8 assembly structure figure, and Figure 14 is C-C section epicone pivoted housing 9 and the conical pendulm axle 8 schematic diagram in conical pendulm moves in Figure 13.Figure 14 illustrates the conical pendulm eight positions in a week, and as can be seen from Figure 14, conical pendulm mechanism is under the drive of rotating mechanism, and conical pendulm axle 8 is made the conical pendulm motion feature of the rotation axis around pivoted housing 6 and is:
After forcing the axis of conical pendulm axle 8 to deflect relative to the rotation axis of pivoted housing 6 by operation regulation location structure, conical pendulm mechanism is under the drive of rotating mechanism, the axis of conical pendulm axle 8 makees the rotation of the rotation axis around pivoted housing 6 simultaneously, any some position on conical pendulm axle 8 is static relative to own axes (seeing in Figure 14, on conical pendulm axle 8, the arrow of labelling points to).
In conical pendulm moves, the axis of cone pivoted housing 9 makees the rotation of the rotation axis around pivoted housing 6 simultaneously, any some position on conical pendulm axle 8 is relative to own axis (seeing in Figure 14, on cone pivoted housing 9, the arrow of labelling points to).
In conical pendulm moves, between the described secondary contact surface of deflection, there is no relative motion, i.e. refer between the contact surface that deflection is secondary geo-stationary or in relative static conditions.
The relevant content of the embodiment of the present invention and change interpretation are as follows:
1., in above example, wire electrode feed mechanism 22 is mainly made up of the first roller 20 and the second roller 21.But in electric spark machining field, skilled artisan knows that the version of wire electrode feed mechanism is varied, the concrete form that is given except above example and in addition to, can be replaced to use the wire electrode feed mechanism of other forms, and not affecting the effect of the present invention, this is the change that those skilled in the art are readily apparent that.
2. in above example rotating mechanism, motor 26 is as rotary power, motor 26 output shaft is in transmission connection pivoted housing 6, pivoted housing 6 is driven to rotate with this, therein being in transmission connection comprises two kinds of situations, the first is to be attached by drive mechanism, such as synchronous pulley mechanism, gear mechanism, chain sprocket mechanism etc.；The second is that motor 26 output shaft is directly in transmission connection with pivoted housing 6.Above example selects to use synchronous pulley mechanism to realize being in transmission connection, it is clear that other structures are formed, and is even directly connected to also have the identical or effect of equivalent.And the motor 26 as rotary power can be common electric machine, servomotor or motor etc..
3. the secondary specific implementation of above example deflection is: two sections on cone pivoted housing 9 have the male type arc surface 15 of concentric and contacts with the V-arrangement face 16 on rotating disk 23 to cooperatively form and deflect secondary, and schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 7.With the exception of this, deflection pair can use two sections on cone pivoted housing 9 to have the male type arc surface 15 of concentric and contact with the inner concave shape arc surface on rotating disk 23 to cooperatively form and deflect secondary, and schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 8；Deflection pair can use, and the male type arc surface 15 of two sections of non-concentrics on cone pivoted housing 9 contacts with the inner concave shape arc surface on rotating disk 23 and cooperatively forms deflection pair, and schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 9.Inner concave shape arc surface on rotating disk 23 can be one section, two sections or multistage, and two sections and during multistage each inner concave shape arc surface there is the feature in the same center of circle, and the rotation axis of the axis of inner concave shape arc surface and pivoted housing 6 intersects vertically.
4. above example uses spring 14 as topmast structure in deflection vice division chief, forces two sections of male type arc surfaces 15 on cone pivoted housing 9 to contact with the V-arrangement face 16 on rotating disk 23 and cooperatively forms deflection pair.In addition to except spring 14, it is also possible to use convex ball 30 as topmast structure, as shown in Figure 10.Spring 14 is with the difference of convex ball 30: spring 14 belongs to elastic topmast, and convex ball 30 belongs to rigidity topmast.See that elastic topmast is better than rigidity topmast in terms of effect theoretically, and convex ball 30 carries out rigidity topmast and needs to control well topmast gap.
5., in above example, it is provided with bearing 11 at conical pendulm axle 8 with cone pivoted housing 9.This bearing 11 can use rolling bearing, it would however also be possible to employ sliding bearing, it is also possible to does not set bearing 11 and is co-axially mounted with cone pivoted housing 9 by conical pendulm axle 8.
6., in above example, the pilot hole axis of guider 7 and the endoporus axis coaxle boring pivoted housing 9 sleeve are arranged.But in actual applications the pilot hole axis of guider 7 and cone pivoted housing 9 sleeve interior axially bored line can not be coaxial, the most parallel or inclination a bit, it is also possible to carry out back taper micro hole machining.Therefore, " coaxially arranged " the most not necessarily condition here, simply there is more preferable effect.
7. in above example, the regulation location structure making deflection pair deflect uses two regulation screw 17(as shown in Figure 5).But the present invention is not limited to this, it is also possible to there is following several version:
The first, do not provide diagram, regulation location structure is made up of a regulation screw 17 and a secondary spring, regulation screw 17 and secondary spring are arranged symmetrically with in rotating disk 23 circumference, corresponding regulation screw 17 is disposed radially screwed hole on rotating disk 23, regulation screw 17 is screwed in this screwed hole, the symmetrical in opposite directions topmast of regulation screw 17 and secondary spring is in cone pivoted housing 9 excircle of sleeve, it is threaded in or out regulating screw 17, it is possible to make cone pivoted housing 9 rotate a deflection angle around the deflection center that deflection is secondary according to the tapering size of processed small reverse taper holes.
The second, as is illustrated by figs. 11 and 12, the structure that cam pin 31 and installing hole 32 can be used to match adjusts the deflection angle that deflection is secondary.Cam pin 31 is connected and composed by shank and eccentric shaft are fixing, and eccentric shaft is positioned at shank one end, and the axis of eccentric shaft is parallel with the axis of shank and eccentric setting.Described eccentric shaft location and installation is in the excircle of sleeve of cone pivoted housing 9, and eccentric shaft axis is parallel to bore the axis direction of male type arc surface 15 on pivoted housing 9；The position of the corresponding eccentric shaft of pivoted housing 6 is provided with installing hole 32, this installing hole 32 is slotted hole structure, the diameter of installing hole 32 width is equal or slightly larger than cam pin 31 shank diameter, the diameter of installing hole 32 length direction is more than cam pin 31 shank diameter, cam pin 31 shank coordinates with installing hole 32 in the assembled condition, rotates cam pin 31(stylus pin body or eccentric shaft) cone pivoted housing 9 can be made to rotate a deflection angle around the deflection center that deflection is secondary.
8. in above example, the structure (shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5) that anti-rotation member uses anti-pivoted frame 18 and anti-bull stick 19 cooperates.But the present invention is not limited to this, it is also possible to replace by following structure:
Anti-rotation member is made up of spring or spring leaf, one end of spring or spring leaf is connected as anti-rotation end is fixing with conical pendulm axle 8, the other end of spring or spring leaf is fixed as the mounting seat of the most described electric spark of fixing end small reverse taper holes processing unit (plant), prevents conical pendulm axle 8 from rotating with this.
9., in above example, the pilot hole of guider 7 can be co-axially mounted with conical pendulm axle 8, it is also possible to is not co-axially mounted.Under normal circumstances, those skilled in the art typically can use, when design, the mode of being co-axially mounted, but see in theory not to be co-axially mounted and can also reach the object of the invention, and realizes same or like technique effect.
Above-described embodiment only for technology design and the feature of the present invention are described, its object is to allow person skilled in the art will appreciate that present disclosure and to implement according to this, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.All equivalence changes made according to spirit of the invention or modification, all should contain within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. an adjustable electric spark small reverse taper holes processing unit (plant), it is characterised in that: include that wire electrode guides feed mechanism, rotating mechanism and conical pendulm mechanism；
Described wire electrode guides feed mechanism and is mainly made up of guider (7) and wire electrode feed mechanism (22), guider (7) is provided with pilot hole, during work, wire electrode (12) is located in pilot hole, and wire electrode feed mechanism (22) is sent into wire electrode (12) along the axial servo of pilot hole；
Described rotating mechanism includes that one is rotated the pivoted housing (6) of supporting as the motor (26) and of rotary power, and motor (26) output shaft is in transmission connection pivoted housing (6), drives pivoted housing (6) to rotate with this；
Described conical pendulm mechanism includes rotating disk (23), cone pivoted housing (9), conical pendulm axle (8), regulation location structure and anti-rotation member；
One end of described rotating disk (23) is fixedly and coaxially connected with one end of pivoted housing (6) or is structure as a whole, rotating disk (23) central authorities are axially arranged with through hole along pivoted housing (6), it is radially provided with groove along pivoted housing (6) on rotating disk (23) other end, two medial surface of groove form V-arrangement face (16) or inner concave shape arc surface
The intersection of two medial surface forming V-arrangement face (16) intersects vertically with the rotation axis of pivoted housing (6), and the axis of inner concave shape arc surface intersects vertically with the rotation axis of pivoted housing (6), and described through hole is through with groove；
nullDescribed cone pivoted housing (9) is placed in the through hole of rotating disk (23)，The main body of cone pivoted housing (9) is a tube-in-tube structure，The cylindrical of sleeve is provided with two flanks extended radially (10)，Two flanks (10) are arranged symmetrically with in excircle of sleeve circumference，Male type arc surface (15) it is equipped with on each flank (10)，The axis of male type arc surface (15) is vertical with the interior axially bored line of sleeve，Male type arc surface (15) on cone pivoted housing (9) contacts with the V-arrangement face (16) on rotating disk (23) or inner concave shape arc surface and cooperatively forms deflection pair，Cone pivoted housing (9) rotating disk (23) relatively positions on the axis direction of male type arc surface (15)，Excircle of sleeve leaves gap with through hole on the yawing moment that deflection is secondary，The deflection center of deflection pair is in the pilot hole of guider (7) and exports position between work pieces process face，Described deflection center is i.e. the conical pendulm summit of wire electrode (12)；
Described conical pendulm axle (8) is coaxially mounted in the endoporus of cone pivoted housing (9) sleeve, and conical pendulm axle (8) is provided with through hole in the axial direction, and described guider (7) location and installation is in this through hole；
Described regulation location structure regulates parts as the deflection that deflection is secondary or mechanism acts between rotating disk (23) and cone pivoted housing (9), and when operation regulation location structure, the interior axially bored line of cone pivoted housing (9) upper bush deflects relative to the rotation axis of pivoted housing (6)；
Described anti-rotation member is the parts preventing conical pendulm axle (8) from rotating or structure, it has a fixing end and an anti-rotation end, the mounting seat of the most described electric spark of fixing end small reverse taper holes processing unit (plant) is fixed, anti-rotation end is fixing with conical pendulm axle (8) to be connected, limit conical pendulm axle (8) with this to circumferentially rotate around own axes, and conical pendulm axle (8) axially and radially has degree of freedom；
Under in working order, after operation regulation location structure forces the interior axially bored line of cone pivoted housing (9) upper bush to deflect relative to the rotation axis of pivoted housing (6), conical pendulm mechanism is under the drive of rotating mechanism, conical pendulm axle (8) makees the conical pendulm motion of the rotation axis around pivoted housing (6), pilot hole from there through guider (7) drives wire electrode (12) to make conical pendulm motion, and deflect and there is no relative motion between secondary contact surface, it is sent in wire electrode feed mechanism (22) servo in the engagement process of wire electrode (12), it is achieved the small reverse taper holes of electric spark is processed simultaneously.
Processing unit (plant) the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the through hole on described rotating disk (23) is slotted hole, the rotation axis of pivoted housing (6) is parallel with the plane of symmetry of slotted hole and in the plane of symmetry, the diameter of slotted hole length direction is more than the diameter of slotted hole width, the diameter of slotted hole width equal or slightly larger than bores the excircle of sleeve diameter of pivoted housing (9), realizes boring pivoted housing (9) rotating disk (23) relatively with this and positions on the axis direction of male type arc surface (15).
Processing unit (plant) the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with spring (14) for cone pivoted housing (9) or convex top dome props up structure, described spring (14) or convex top dome are propped up structure and are acted axially on cone pivoted housing (9) at sleeve, force the male type arc surface (15) on cone pivoted housing (9) to contact with the V-arrangement face (16) on rotating disk (23) or inner concave shape arc surface and cooperatively form deflection pair.
Processing unit (plant) the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described regulation location structure is made up of two regulations screw (17), two regulations screw (17) are arranged symmetrically with in rotating disk (23) circumference, corresponding each regulation screw (17) is disposed radially screwed hole on rotating disk (23), two regulations screw (17) are screwed in respective screwed hole respectively, and symmetrical in opposite directions topmast is in cone pivoted housing (9) excircle of sleeve, screw out regulation screw (17), screw in another regulation screw (17), cone pivoted housing (9) can be made to rotate a deflection angle around the deflection center that deflection is secondary according to the tapering size of processed small reverse taper holes.
Processing unit (plant) the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described regulation location structure is made up of regulation screw (17) and a secondary spring, regulation screw (17) and secondary spring are arranged symmetrically with in rotating disk (23) circumference, corresponding regulation screw (17) is disposed radially screwed hole on rotating disk (23), regulation screw (17) is screwed in this screwed hole, the symmetrical in opposite directions topmast of regulation screw (17) and secondary spring is in cone pivoted housing (9) excircle of sleeve, it is threaded in or out regulating screw (17), cone pivoted housing (9) can be made to rotate a deflection angle around the deflection center that deflection is secondary according to the tapering size of processed small reverse taper holes.
Processing unit (plant) the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described regulation location structure is matched constituted by cam pin (31) and installing hole (32), cam pin (31) is connected and composed by shank and eccentric shaft are fixing, eccentric shaft is positioned at shank one end, and the axis of eccentric shaft is parallel with the axis of shank and eccentric setting；Described eccentric shaft location and installation is in the excircle of sleeve of cone pivoted housing (9), and eccentric shaft axis is parallel to the axis direction boring the upper male type arc surface 15 of pivoted housing (9)；The position of the corresponding eccentric shaft of pivoted housing (6) arranges installing hole (32), this installing hole (32) is slotted hole structure, the diameter of installing hole (32) width is equal or slightly larger than cam pin (31) shank diameter, the diameter of installing hole (32) length direction is more than cam pin (31) shank diameter, cam pin (31) shank coordinates with installing hole (32) in the assembled condition, rotates cam pin (31) and cone pivoted housing (9) can be made to rotate a deflection angle around the deflection center that deflection is secondary.
Processing unit (plant) the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described anti-rotation member is made up of an anti-pivoted frame (18) and an anti-bull stick (19), one end of anti-bull stick (19) is connected as anti-rotation end and conical pendulm axle (8) are fixing, the other end of anti-bull stick (19) is located by connecting in conical pendulm axle (8) circumference with one end of anti-pivoted frame (18), simultaneously conical pendulm axle (8) axially and radially on be slidably connected, the other end of anti-pivoted frame (18) is fixed as the mounting seat of the most described electric spark of fixing end small reverse taper holes processing unit (plant), prevent conical pendulm axle (8) from rotating with this.
Processing unit (plant) the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described anti-rotation member is made up of spring or spring leaf, one end of spring or spring leaf is connected as anti-rotation end and conical pendulm axle (8) are fixing, the other end of spring or spring leaf is fixed as the mounting seat of the most described electric spark of fixing end small reverse taper holes processing unit (plant), prevents conical pendulm axle (8) from rotating with this.
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| CN201510064895.XA CN104625257B (en) | 2015-02-09 | 2015-02-09 | Adjustable electric spark small inverted taper hole machining device |
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| CN201510064895.XA CN104625257B (en) | 2015-02-09 | 2015-02-09 | Adjustable electric spark small inverted taper hole machining device |
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| CN105798702B (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2017-11-03 | 大连民族大学 | The executing agency of diesel injector back taper spray orifice processing and its processing method |
| CN112207374A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-01-12 | 深圳大学 | Electrode structure, electric discharge machining device and machining method |
| CN113275682B (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2023-08-29 | 重庆渝江新高模具有限公司 | Wire guide of wire electric discharge machine for die production and processing |
| CN116748616B (en) * | 2023-08-15 | 2023-10-20 | 太原理工大学 | Main shaft device for machining inverted taper hole based on electric spark technology |
| CN117139759B (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2024-01-23 | 赫比(成都)精密塑胶制品有限公司 | Machining method of multi-section special-shaped conical hole and workpiece |
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| DE102004013549A1 (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2005-10-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device for eroding conical borings e.g. for combustion engines fuel injectors, has electrode guide receptacle mounted on holder with hinged bearing |
| JP4861225B2 (en) * | 2007-03-28 | 2012-01-25 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Electric discharge machining method for fine holes and electric discharge machining apparatus for fine holes |
| CN101318244B (en) * | 2008-05-22 | 2010-04-14 | 清华大学 | Superfine back taper hole spark-erosion machining electrode movement guide mechanism |
| CN102069249B (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-09-05 | 清华大学 | Taper angle push and deflection mechanism for electrosparking micro reversed taper hole |
| CN102294525B (en) * | 2011-08-22 | 2013-04-10 | 无锡微研有限公司 | Taper angle rolling pendulum mechanism for electrosparking fine reversed cone hole |
| CN103752961B (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2016-06-22 | 山东鲁南机床有限公司 | A kind of high-accuracy rotary EDM spray orifice back taper mechanism |
| CN204470736U (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-07-15 | 苏州电加工机床研究所有限公司 | The small reverse taper holes processing unit (plant) of a kind of adjustable electric spark |
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