CN104614709A - Acoustics and electromagnetism-based thunder positioning system and method - Google Patents
Acoustics and electromagnetism-based thunder positioning system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104614709A CN104614709A CN201510027033.XA CN201510027033A CN104614709A CN 104614709 A CN104614709 A CN 104614709A CN 201510027033 A CN201510027033 A CN 201510027033A CN 104614709 A CN104614709 A CN 104614709A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/18—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using ultrasonic, sonic, or infrasonic waves
- G01S5/22—Position of source determined by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements
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- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an acoustics and electromagnetism-based thunder positioning system and method. The system comprises a sound source positioning device, a synchronous data acqusition card and a data processing device, wherein the sound source positioning device comprises at least three sound pickups and one antenna; the plane of the three sound pickups and the horizontal plane form an acute angle of being smaller than 90 degrees; the synchronous data acqusition card is in signal connection with the three sound pickups respectively; the data processing device is in signal connection with the synchronous data acqusition card and the antenna and is used for acquiring position of thunder on a map according to different thunder sound information and time information received by the three sound pickups and acquired by the synchronous data acqusition card. The system and the method have the beneficial effects that the system has a simple structure, and the influence of factors such as landform on observation due to longer thunder distance, the influence of noise amplitude in monitoring of a surrounding environment at different time periods and error influence caused by individual difference of directivity and amplitude response nonlinearity of an electret microphone and the like are effectively reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of thunder location, refer more particularly to a kind of based on acoustics and electromagnetic thunder positioning system and method.
Background technology
The all built lightning detection network establishing the whole country or geographic coverage of current most developed countries and regions, and China relatively lags behind in this field, still the starting stage is in the research and development field of lightning monitoring early warning, lack nationwide unified monitoring net, therefore we must improve lightning monitoring technical level in a short time, carry out all-round developing military meteorology with this, Aero-Space, electric system, forest fire protection, saltern exploitation etc.
Every physics coefficient of monitoring atmospheric electrical phenomena and generation position are the background task of lightning monitoring location technology.This technology is also the important foundation of lightning monitoring early warning, developmental research and security protection, is a science and technology of serving numerous crowds, the development of current urgent need Dali.And thunder location technology is the important core of lightning monitoring and safety protection field.
The technical scheme of prior art one: the microphone array using 24 microphones, increases the difficulty of location, can compare accurate location to single sound source, can also to multiple accurate location.The shortcoming of prior art is: the bit error rate is high; Determine direction and the angle of sound source position only, can not be described in detail its concrete orientation; Cost is high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, providing a kind of based on acoustics and electromagnetic thunder positioning system and method.
The present invention is realized by above technical scheme:
The invention provides a kind of based on acoustics and electromagnetic thunder positioning system and, should comprise based on acoustics and electromagnetic thunder positioning system:
Sound source locating device, described sound source locating device comprises: at least three acoustic pickups and an antenna, and wherein, the plane at described three acoustic pickup setting position places is horizontal by the acute angle being less than 90 degree;
Simultaneous data-acquisition, described simultaneous data-acquisition is connected with described three microphone signal respectively;
Data processing equipment, described data processing equipment is connected with described simultaneous data-acquisition and aerial signal, and the different thunder acoustic information received according to described three acoustic pickups that described simultaneous data-acquisition gathers and the position of time acquisition of information thunder on setting map.
Preferably, also comprise display device, described display device is connected with described data processing equipment signal, and for showing the position of described thunder on described setting map.
Preferably, the number of described acoustic pickup is three.
Preferably, in described three acoustic pickups, at least one is condenser type Electret condenser microphone.
Preferably, described antenna is needle-like antenna.
Present invention also offers a kind of based on acoustics and electromagnetic thunder localization method, the method comprises the following steps:
The time of signal is received for reference time with antenna;
Receive thunders by least three acoustic pickups, and record each acoustic pickup and receive the size of thunder and the time when receiving thunder;
With the 3 D positioning system algorithm differed from based on time of arrival for core, signal is divided into four sound channels, the time of signal is received as time zero using antenna, the time that all the other at least three acoustic pickups receive signal receives signal respectively time intercropping with antenna is poor, in time calculating the mistiming successively, then set up the coordinate of sound generation source in setting coordinate system by function.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: according to the feature of the auditory localization technology differed from based on time of arrival, in conjunction with thunder Signal analysis, design based on acoustics and electromagnetic thunder positioning system, make whole system structure simple, and effectively reduce because thunder is distant, observation can be subject to orographic factor, the impact of weather conditions, the impact that the noise of different time sections surrounding being monitored varies in size, Multipath Transmission, Doppler effect that wind speed brings etc., and the directivity of Electret condenser microphone, the error effect that the nonlinear individual difference of amplitude response etc. causes.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation based on acoustics and electromagnetic thunder positioning system that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram based on acoustics and electromagnetic thunder positioning system that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the structural representation based on acoustics and electromagnetic thunder positioning system provided by the invention.
Embodiments provide a kind of based on acoustics and electromagnetic thunder positioning system, should comprise based on acoustics and electromagnetic thunder positioning system: sound source locating device 10, described sound source locating device 10 comprises: at least three acoustic pickups 11 and an antenna 12, wherein, the plane at described three acoustic pickup 11 setting position places is horizontal by the acute angle being less than 90 degree;
Simultaneous data-acquisition 20, described simultaneous data-acquisition 20 is connected with described three acoustic pickup 11 signals respectively;
Data processing equipment 30, described data processing equipment 30 is connected with described simultaneous data-acquisition 20 and antenna 12 signal, and the different thunder acoustic information received according to described three acoustic pickups 11 that described simultaneous data-acquisition 20 gathers and the position of time acquisition of information thunder on setting map.
In addition, this system also comprises display device 40, and described display device 40 is connected with described data processing equipment 30 signal, and for showing the position of described thunder on described setting map.
Conveniently to the understanding of the present embodiment, below its structure and principle are described in detail.
The method monitoring thunder and lightning signal utilizing electromagnetics and acoustics based on acoustics and electromagnetic thunder positioning system that the present embodiment provides, the statistical nature of each physical quantity when being occurred by research and analysis thunder and lightning, devise when utilizing thunder and lightning to occur, the time difference of acoustic pickup 11 array to electric signal and audible signal reception calculates the distance that thunder and lightning occurs; Utilize Baidu's Orientation on map informational function, in two-dimensional space, the position that thunder occurs is described.
Should comprise hardware and software part based on acoustics and electromagnetic thunder positioning system, hardware components need solve the work such as collection, pre-service of thunder signal and electric field signal; Software section need solve the work such as post-processed, locating and displaying of thunder signal and electric field signal.
Hardware composition wherein: be made up of 3 acoustic pickups 11 and 1 antenna 12, as long as above-mentioned parts are placed in four spatially different points, wherein, 3 acoustic pickups 11 can not be placed on same surface level or vertical plane.A simultaneous data-acquisition 20 (4 passage), a computing machine (data processing equipment 30) is formed.Software configuration: 4 road voice signals, after speech signal pre-processing, are strengthened by prime amplifier, carry out difference or acoustic pressure ratio computing time by software, then just based on differing from and the method for Amplitude ratio of sound pressure time of arrival, alternative carries out auditory localization.Use due to thunder positioning software needs thunder audio file, so the acquisition of audio file is exactly the condition precedent of all working.In order to receive voice signal, we use external connection of computer three acoustic pickups 11, contain a condenser type Electret condenser microphone to sound sensitive in acoustic pickup 11, the sound wave received can make the electret film in microphone produce vibrations, and this can allow electric capacity change.External manifestation is exactly that Electret condenser microphone creates small voltage, makes computing machine receive sound signal.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of based on acoustics and electromagnetic thunder localization method, and the method comprises the following steps:
The time of signal is received for reference time with antenna;
Receive thunders by least three acoustic pickups, and record each acoustic pickup and receive the size of thunder and the time when receiving thunder;
With the 3 D positioning system algorithm differed from based on time of arrival for core, signal is divided into four sound channels, the time of signal is received as time zero using antenna, the time that all the other at least three acoustic pickups receive signal receives signal respectively time intercropping with antenna is poor, in time calculating the mistiming successively, then set up the coordinate of sound generation source in setting coordinate system by function.
Concrete, as shown in Figure 2, with the 3 D positioning system algorithm differed from based on time of arrival for core, be divided into audible signal reception module, sound signal collecting module, sound signal processing module, display module etc.Signal is divided into four sound channels, the time of signal is received as time zero using antenna 12, the time that its excess-three sound channel receives signal receives signal respectively time intercropping with antenna 12 is poor, in time calculating the mistiming successively, then sets up sound generation source coordinate by function.
Use due to thunder positioning software needs thunder audio file, so the acquisition of audio file is exactly the condition precedent of all working.In order to receive voice signal, using external connection of computer three acoustic pickups 11, containing a condenser type Electret condenser microphone to sound sensitive in acoustic pickup 11, the sound wave received can make the electret film in microphone produce vibrations, and this can allow electric capacity change.External manifestation is exactly that Electret condenser microphone creates small voltage, makes computing machine receive sound signal.The plug inside of voice-frequency cable has three lines, two heart yearns, a shielding line, because we receive only the monaural voice signal of each acoustic pickup 11 correspondence, so only weld a heart yearn and a shielding line.
Thunder signal can only transmit 20 ~ 30km, gather the electric signal of below 20kHz, the wavelength of the wireless signal that 20kHz is corresponding is 15km, the needle-like antenna 12 of a few centimeter length and the plate aerial 12 of diameter less than several meters are all antennas 12, almost there is no difference, therefore adopt needle-like antenna 12 rationally more economical, the electric antenna 12 that utilized the material of several very easy acquisition to make is as electric signal receiving trap.
Obtain sound signal needs to make four-way to work acquisition audio frequency simultaneously, require that four sound cards work simultaneously, because sound card is not synchronization hardware, be timesharing hardware, so synchronous problem cannot be solved on hardware, and, Windows popular software all can only make a sound card job, the sound-track engraving apparatus that such as Windows carries, therefore, what we chose is a recording software being SAWStudio, can realize many rails and to record this problem simultaneously.The recording of SAWStudio has been to bypass Windows system, and the api function not using Windows to provide or SDK, directly act on hardware, and because of its inter-process precision higher, tonequality is better.
This thunder positioning software main interface program module principle is as follows:
1. run many sound cards recording software SAWStudio and enter loitering phase, End of Tape when by the time receiving voice signal, generate audio file;
2. opened the audio file generated by positioning software, according to network condition, the position of thunder auditory localization is shown in distance map picture or online Baidu's map;
3. generate after audio file until SAWStudio, open thunder positioning software, click " opening " option, select to need audio file to be processed in pop-up box.
4. result to be positioned display can also click " checking " button completely, checks and the signal waveform that each needle-like antenna 12 of having generated and acoustic pickup 11 receive describes the different wave of same simulation thunder display.
Can be found out by foregoing description, the beneficial effect that technical solution of the present invention is brought is as follows:
1, according to the feature of the auditory localization technology differed from based on time of arrival, in conjunction with thunder Signal analysis, design based on acoustics and electromagnetic thunder positioning system, and on the basis of this experimental system, carried out auditory localization experiment, the experimentally interpretation of result producing cause of system performance and error.Utilize the knowledge of electromagnetics and acoustics to design the receiving unit of electric signal and voice signal; In conjunction with the identification of thunder signal, carry out the design based on acoustics and electromagnetic thunder positioning system.
The * .wav data that 2, can record sound card carry out Treatment Analysis, and in time forecast result are informed the public, enterprise and relevant department.Play certain protective effect by citizen's personal safety as well as the property safety, reduce the injury that lightning strike accident causes.Can position in conjunction with the aggregation of data such as radar, satellite simultaneously, obtain the positioning system that accuracy rate is high, cost is lower, cost performance is higher.
3, the impact because thunder is distant, observation can be subject to orographic factor, weather conditions is effectively reduced, the impact that the noise of different time sections surrounding being monitored varies in size, Doppler effect that Multipath Transmission, wind speed bring etc., and the error effect that the directivity of Electret condenser microphone, the nonlinear individual difference of amplitude response etc. cause.
These are only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1., based on acoustics and an electromagnetic thunder positioning system, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Sound source locating device, described sound source locating device comprises: at least three acoustic pickups and an antenna, and wherein, the plane at described at least three acoustic pickup setting position places is horizontal by the acute angle being less than 90 degree;
Simultaneous data-acquisition, described simultaneous data-acquisition is connected with described three microphone signal respectively;
Data processing equipment, described data processing equipment is connected with described simultaneous data-acquisition and aerial signal, and the different thunder acoustic information received according to described three acoustic pickups that described simultaneous data-acquisition gathers and the position of time acquisition of information thunder on setting map.
2. according to claim 1ly it is characterized in that based on acoustics and electromagnetic thunder positioning system, also comprise display device, described display device is connected with described data processing equipment signal, and for showing the position of described thunder on described setting map.
3. according to claim 1ly it is characterized in that based on acoustics and electromagnetic thunder positioning system, the number of described acoustic pickup is three.
4. according to claim 3ly it is characterized in that based on acoustics and electromagnetic thunder positioning system, in described three acoustic pickups, at least one is condenser type Electret condenser microphone.
5. according to any one of Claims 1 to 4 based on acoustics and electromagnetic thunder positioning system, it is characterized in that, described antenna is needle-like antenna.
6., based on acoustics and an electromagnetic thunder localization method, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
The time of signal is received for reference time with antenna;
Receive thunders by least three acoustic pickups, and record each acoustic pickup and receive the size of thunder and the time when receiving thunder;
With the 3 D positioning system algorithm differed from based on time of arrival for core, signal is divided into four sound channels, the time of signal is received as time zero using antenna, the time that all the other at least three acoustic pickups receive signal receives signal respectively time intercropping with antenna is poor, in time calculating the mistiming successively, then set up the coordinate of sound generation source in setting coordinate system by function.
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Cited By (8)
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| RU2620917C1 (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2017-05-30 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт автоматики им. Н.Л. Духова" (ФГУП "ВНИИА") | Device for determining peleng and distance to source of signals |
| RU2620919C1 (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2017-05-30 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт автоматики им. Н.Л. Духова" (ФГУП "ВНИИА") | Device for determining peleng and distance to source of signals |
| RU2620910C1 (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2017-05-30 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт автоматики им. Н.Л. Духова" (ФГУП "ВНИИА") | Device for determining peleng and distance to source of signals |
| RU2620976C1 (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2017-05-30 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт автоматики им. Н.Л. Духова" (ФГУП "ВНИИА") | Device for determination of location source of signals |
| WO2018036280A1 (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-03-01 | 深圳大学 | Method of using mobile terminal to detect and cooperatively position lightning |
| CN107884675A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-04-06 | 山东信通电子股份有限公司 | Monitoring device with transmission line lightning stroke fault location |
| CN109975762A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-05 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | A kind of underwater sound source localization method |
| CN113933616A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2022-01-14 | 中国科学技术大学 | Micro single-station lightning positioning system and method based on sound-magnetic synchronous measurement |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| RU2620917C1 (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2017-05-30 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт автоматики им. Н.Л. Духова" (ФГУП "ВНИИА") | Device for determining peleng and distance to source of signals |
| RU2620919C1 (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2017-05-30 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт автоматики им. Н.Л. Духова" (ФГУП "ВНИИА") | Device for determining peleng and distance to source of signals |
| RU2620910C1 (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2017-05-30 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт автоматики им. Н.Л. Духова" (ФГУП "ВНИИА") | Device for determining peleng and distance to source of signals |
| RU2620976C1 (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2017-05-30 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт автоматики им. Н.Л. Духова" (ФГУП "ВНИИА") | Device for determination of location source of signals |
| WO2018036280A1 (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-03-01 | 深圳大学 | Method of using mobile terminal to detect and cooperatively position lightning |
| CN107884675A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-04-06 | 山东信通电子股份有限公司 | Monitoring device with transmission line lightning stroke fault location |
| CN109975762A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-05 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | A kind of underwater sound source localization method |
| CN109975762B (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2021-05-18 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Underwater sound source positioning method |
| CN113933616A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2022-01-14 | 中国科学技术大学 | Micro single-station lightning positioning system and method based on sound-magnetic synchronous measurement |
| CN113933616B (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2022-06-28 | 中国科学技术大学 | Micro single-station lightning positioning system and method based on sound-magnetic synchronous measurement |
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Application publication date: 20150513 |