CN104610490A - Acrylamide copolymer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Acrylamide copolymer and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an acrylamide copolymer and its preparation method and application. The acrylamide copolymer contains a structural unit A, a structural unit B and a structural unit C. the structural unit A is a unit with a structure as shown in the formula (1) and/or the formula (2); the structural unit B is a unit with a structure as shown in the formula (3) and/or the formula (4); and the structural unit C is a unit with a structure as shown in the formula (5) and/or the formula (6). In addition, with the total mole number of the structural units in the acrylamide copolymer as the reference, the structural unit A accounts for 5-25 mol%, the structural unit A accounts for 60-90 mol%, and the structural unit C accounts for 1-30 mol%. Viscosity-average molecular weight of the acrylamide copolymer is 1-10 million. The acrylamide copolymer has excellent thickening performance under conditions of high temperature and high salinity, and gel formed after crosslinking has good shearing resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of acrylamide based copolymer, the preparation method of this acrylamide based copolymer, the acrylamide based copolymer prepared by the method, and described acrylamide based copolymer is as the application of fracturing fluid thickener.
Background technology
Along with the exploitation focus of world energy sources shifts to unconventional petroleum resources, hydraulic fracturing technology, as the gordian technique of the unconventional developments of resources such as tight sand oil gas, coal-seam gas and shale oil gas, is paid much attention to.The water-based fracturing liquid system of Low Damage, low cost is as ensureing pressing crack construction success, improving the key link of yield increase effect and becoming research and development focus, and international each major oil companies all drop into research and development and the test in place that a large amount of human and material resources carry out New Fracturing Fluid system.
Aqueous fracturing fluid is made up of polymer viscosifier, linking agent, gel breaker, pH value regulator, sterilant, clay stabilizer and cleanup additive etc.Wherein thickening material is of the fracturing fluid basic additive, its effect be improve water viscosity, reduce fluid loss, suspend and carry propping agent.Vegetable jelly and derivative thereof are thickening materials the most frequently used in current aqueous fracturing fluid system.Most plants glue belongs to polygalactomannan, generally uses guar gum and hydroxypropylation thereof or carboxymethylated derivative at present.But the fast development due to the exploitation of planting area finite sum recent unconventionaloil pool Tibetan causes the lasting increase of demand, and situation out of stock in spite of rising price often appears in guar gum.For this reason, the substitute of active development guar gum is needed.
Synthetic polymer thickening material is a large class thickening material with development prospect, and polyacrylamide and partial hydrolysate thereof are one of them, polyacrylamide and partial hydrolysate thereof are except the general advantages such as the viscosity with natural plant thickening material is high, frictional resistance is little, prop-carrying capacity is strong, also there is good thermostability, without residue and little, the low cost and other advantages of formation injury, obtained widespread use in part oil field in the last few years.
The nineties in 20th century, Shengli Oil Field just adopted polyacrylamide (PAM)/organic titanium frozen glue to carry out pressure break, can use on the stratum below 150 DEG C, especially used on middle High water cut stratum and obtained good decreasing water cut and increasing oil effect.Kelamayi oil Production Technology Inst. has developed DP-1 polyacrylamide fracturing liquid, and rig-site utilization hundreds of well, respond well.Changqing oilfields branch office recover the oil three factories research and development polymerize aluminum chloride (PAC) cationic polymers/anionic polyacrylamide (HPAM) fracturing fluid system, this system have good rheological and band sand ability and broken colloidality, low surface tension, to core permeability infringement low.But polyacrylamide gel system still exists some problems in actual applications, temperature tolerance and the shear stability of such as polyacrylamide gel are poor, are therefore subject to a definite limitation in the practical application in oil field.
In sum, how to prepare a kind of there is excellent thickening properties under high temperature and high salt condition and crosslinked after the frozen glue that the formed polymer viscosifier with good resistant to shearing performance be still a technical problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the above-mentioned defect overcoming prior art, a kind of acrylamide based copolymer is provided, the preparation method of this acrylamide based copolymer, the acrylamide based copolymer prepared by the method and described acrylamide based copolymer are as the application of fracturing fluid thickener.
The invention provides a kind of acrylamide based copolymer, wherein, this acrylamide based copolymer contains structural unit A, structural unit B and structural unit C, wherein, described structural unit A is the unit of the shown structure of formula (1) and/or formula (2), described structural unit B is the unit of the shown structure of formula (3) and/or formula (4), and described structural unit C is the unit of the shown structure of formula (5) and/or formula (6); And with the total mole number of structural unit in described acrylamide based copolymer for benchmark, the content of described structural unit A is 5-25 % by mole, the content of described structural unit B is 60-90 % by mole, and the content of described structural unit C is 1-30 % by mole; Preferably, the content of described structural unit A is 10-20 % by mole, and the content of described structural unit B is 70-85 % by mole, and the content of described structural unit C is 5-20 % by mole; The viscosity-average molecular weight of described acrylamide based copolymer is 1,000,000-1,000 ten thousand, is preferably 2,000,000-800 ten thousand;
Wherein, R
1, R
1', R
4and R
4' be the alkylidene group of C1-C8 independently of one another; R
2, R
3, R
2' and R
3' be the alkyl of C1-C5 independently of one another; M
1and M
2be at least one in H, K and Na independently of one another.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of acrylamide based copolymer, the method comprises: under the solution polymerization condition of alkene, under initiator exists, a kind of monomer mixture is made to carry out polyreaction in water, wherein, described monomer mixture contains monomer D, monomer E and monomer F, described monomer D is the monomer of the shown structure of formula (8) and/or formula (9), described monomer E is the monomer of the shown structure of formula (10) and/or formula (11), and described monomer F is the monomer of the shown structure of formula (12) and/or formula (13); And with the total mole number of monomer in described monomer mixture for benchmark, the content of described monomer D is 5-25 % by mole, the content of described monomer E is 60-90 % by mole, the content of described monomer F is 1-30 % by mole, preferably, the content of described monomer D is 10-20 % by mole, and the content of described monomer E is 70-85 % by mole, and the content of described monomer F is 5-20 % by mole; After the condition of described polyreaction makes polyreaction, the viscosity-average molecular weight of gained acrylamide based copolymer is 1,000,000-1,000 ten thousand, is preferably 2,000,000-800 ten thousand.
Wherein, R
1, R
1', R
4and R
4' be the alkylidene group of C1-C8 independently of one another; R
2, R
3, R
2' and R
3' be the alkyl of C1-C5 independently of one another; M
1and M
2be at least one in H, K and Na independently of one another.
Present invention also offers the acrylamide based copolymer prepared by aforesaid method.
In addition, present invention also offers the application of aforesaid propylene acid amides based copolymer in fracturing fluid thickener.
The present inventor finds, acrylamide based copolymer provided by the invention, under the condition of high temperature and high salt, has excellent thickening properties, and crosslinked after the frozen glue resistant to shearing performance that formed good.Oh group in this acrylamide copolymer structure and carboxylic group are all easy to be cross-linked to form cross-linked network structure with linking agent; In addition, because the spacer groups of hydroxyl distance copolymer chain is longer, make this cross-linked network structure have good snappiness, thus the resistant to shearing performance of the frozen glue formed after making this acrylamide crosslinking copolymers is improved.
Acrylamide based copolymer provided by the invention still has higher apparent viscosity under high temperature and high salt condition, and the frozen glue formed after acrylamide crosslinking copolymers provided by the invention is had good high temperature resistant to shearing performance.Particularly, this acrylamide based copolymer is when concentration is 0.5 % by weight, and the apparent viscosity under the condition adding KCl can reach more than 40mPas; Under the condition of 120 DEG C, by the frozen glue that formed after this acrylamide crosslinking copolymers with 170s
-1speed shears the apparent viscosity after 1.5 hours still at more than 45mPas.In addition, the preparation method of acrylamide based copolymer provided by the invention is simple, and reaction conditions is gentle, and raw material is easy to get.
Other features and advantages of the present invention are described in detail in embodiment part subsequently.
Embodiment
Below the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.Should be understood that, embodiment described herein, only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not limited to the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of acrylamide based copolymer, wherein, this acrylamide based copolymer contains structural unit A, structural unit B and structural unit C, wherein, described structural unit A is the unit of the shown structure of formula (1) and/or formula (2), described structural unit B is the unit of the shown structure of formula (3) and/or formula (4), and described structural unit C is the unit of the shown structure of formula (5) and/or formula (6); And with the total mole number of structural unit in described acrylamide based copolymer for benchmark, the content of described structural unit A is 5-25 % by mole, the content of described structural unit B is 60-90 % by mole, and the content of described structural unit C is 1-30 % by mole; Preferably, the content of described structural unit A is 10-20 % by mole, and the content of described structural unit B is 70-85 % by mole, and the content of described structural unit C is 5-20 % by mole; The viscosity-average molecular weight of described acrylamide based copolymer is 1,000,000-1,000 ten thousand, is preferably 2,000,000-800 ten thousand;
Wherein, R
1, R
1', R
4and R
4' be the alkylidene group of C1-C8 independently of one another; R
2, R
3, R
2' and R
3' be the alkyl of C1-C5 independently of one another; M
1and M
2be the one in H, K and Na independently of one another.
The present inventor finds under study for action, and the acrylamide based copolymer be made up of specific structural unit A, structural unit B and structural unit C can obtain fabulous thickening effectiveness and easily be cross-linked.Such as, described structural unit A is the structural unit shown in formula (1), and R
1for the alkylidene group of C1-C4; Described structural unit B is the structural unit shown in formula (3), and described structural unit C is the structural unit shown in formula (7),
Wherein, R
4for the alkylidene group of C1-C4, be preferably methylene radical, M
1for at least one in H, K and Na.
In the present invention, the example of the alkyl of described C1-C5 can include but not limited to: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, sec.-propyl, normal-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl-, the tertiary butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, tert-pentyl, neo-pentyl.
In the present invention, described alkylidene group can be straight chain, also can be side chain.The example of the alkylidene group of described C1-C8 can include but not limited to: methylene radical, ethylidene, sub-n-propyl, isopropylidene, sub-normal-butyl, sub-sec-butyl, isobutylidene, the sub-tertiary butyl, sub-n-pentyl, isopentylidene, sub-tert-pentyl, sub-neo-pentyl, sub-n-hexyl, sub-n-heptyl, sub-n-octyl.Described alkylidene group refer to alkane lose two hydrogen atoms after residue, described two hydrogen atoms can be two hydrogen atoms on same carbon atom, also can two hydrogen atoms on different carbon atom, it can be straight chain, also can be side chain, such as, described ethylidene can be-CH
2cH
2-or-CH (CH
3)-.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of acrylamide based copolymer, this preparation method comprises: under the solution polymerization condition of alkene, under initiator exists, a kind of monomer mixture is made to carry out polyreaction in water, wherein, described monomer mixture contains monomer D, monomer E and monomer F, described monomer D is the monomer of the shown structure of formula (8) and/or formula (9), described monomer E is for having the monomer of structure shown in formula (10) and/or formula (11), and described monomer F is for having the monomer of structure shown in formula (12) and/or formula (13); And with the total mole number of monomer in described monomer mixture for benchmark, the content of described monomer D is 5-25 % by mole, the content of described monomer E is 60-90 % by mole, and the content of described monomer F is 0.01-30 % by mole; Preferably, the content of described monomer D is 10-20 % by mole, and the content of described monomer E is 70-85 % by mole, and the content of described monomer F is 5-20 % by mole; After the condition of described polyreaction makes polyreaction, the viscosity-average molecular weight of gained acrylamide based copolymer is 1,000,000-1,000 ten thousand, is preferably 2,000,000-800 ten thousand;
Wherein, R
1, R
1', R
4and R
4' be the alkylidene group of C1-C8 independently of one another; R
2, R
3, R
2' and R
3' be the alkyl of C1-C5 independently of one another; M
1and M
2be at least one in H, K and Na independently of one another.
The alkyl of described C1-C5 is all identical with foregoing description with the alkylidene group of C1-C8.
According to the present invention, when described polyreaction starts, there is no particular limitation for the ratio of the gross weight of the weight of described monomer mixture and water and monomer mixture, can change in wider scope, under preferable case, the ratio of the gross weight of the weight of described monomer mixture and water and monomer mixture is 0.1-0.4:1, more preferably 0.2-0.35:1.
According to the present invention, to the feed conditions of described monomer, there is no particular limitation, considers that the too fast meeting of reaction makes polyreaction insufficient, under preferable case, add monomer successively in the cooling condition to reaction system.Described cooling conditions comprises: temperature is 0-5 DEG C.Described cooling can be implemented by water-cooled or air-cooled mode.
According to the present invention, described initiator can be the various initiator for olefin solution polymerization in this area.Such as, be selected from azo series initiators and redox series initiators, with the total mole number of monomer in described monomer mixture for benchmark, the consumption of described azo series initiators is 0.0001-0.01 % by mole, the consumption of described redox series initiators is 0.0002-0.02 % by mole, and total consumption of described azo initiator and redox initiator preferably meets 0.001-0.03 % by mole, more preferably 0.002-0.02 % by mole.
In the present invention, preferably, described azo series initiators is selected from Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, 2,2'-Azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), the different heptamide of azo two, 2,2 '-azo two (2-amidine propane) dihydrochloride, 2,2 '-azo diisobutyl amidine hydrochloride and 2, at least one in 2 '-azo two (2-amidine propane) dihydrochloride, more preferably Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, 2,2 '-azo diisobutyl amidine hydrochloride and 2, at least one in 2 '-azo two (2-amidine propane) dihydrochloride.
In the present invention, described redox series initiators comprises Oxidizing and Reducing Agents, the mol ratio of described oxygenant and described reductive agent is preferably 0.5-1.2:1, under meeting the condition of aforementioned proportion, the consumption of described oxygenant is preferably the 0.0001-0.01 % by mole of the total mole number of monomer in monomer mixture, more preferably 0.001-0.005 % by mole; Described oxygenant can be selected from least one in ammonium persulphate, Potassium Persulphate, Sodium Persulfate and hydrogen peroxide, is preferably at least one in ammonium persulphate, Potassium Persulphate and Sodium Persulfate; The consumption of described reductive agent is preferably the 0.0001-0.01 % by mole of the total mole number of monomer in monomer mixture, more preferably the 0.001-0.005 % by mole of the total mole number of monomer in monomer mixture; Described reductive agent can be inorganic reducing agent and/or organic reducing agent (helping reductive agent), described inorganic reducing agent can be selected from least one in sodium bisulfite, S-WAT, rongalite, Sulfothiorine, ferrous sulfate and vat powder, is preferably sodium bisulfite and/or Sulfothiorine; Described organic reducing agent can be selected from N, N '-dimethyl quadrol, N, N '-dimethyl-1,3-propylene diamine, N, N, N ', N '-Tetramethyl Ethylene Diamine, N, at least one in N-dimethyl amine, 3-methylamino-propylamine, Dimethylaminoethyl Methacrylate, N-(3-dimethylamino-propyl) Methacrylamide, 1-(dimethylamino)-2-propylamine and diethylenetriamine, be preferably N, at least one in N '-dimethyl quadrol, N, N-dimethyl amine and diethylenetriamine.
According to the present invention, the condition of described polyreaction can be the olefin solution polymerization condition of this area routine.Such as, described polyreaction is carried out in the presence of an inert gas, and described polymeric reaction condition can comprise: temperature is 0-80 DEG C, and the time is 3-8 hour, and pH value is 5-9; Under preferable case, temperature is 20-80 DEG C, and the time is 3-5 hour, and pH value is 5.5-8.5.Described pH value is by adding acid or alkali regulates, and described acid is preferably mineral acid, and described mineral acid is more preferably at least one in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, sulfonic acid, nitric acid and phosphoric acid; Described alkali is preferably mineral alkali or organic amine compound, as being selected from least one in sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, methylamine, ethamine, thanomin and trolamine, is more preferably sodium hydroxide.
In the present invention, under preferable case, monomer mixture mixed with water rear and add initiator initiated polymerization again after regulating the pH value of reaction system.
In the present invention, in order to improve the molecular weight of polymkeric substance further, under preferable case, described polyreaction comprises two stages of carrying out successively: the reaction conditions of first stage comprises: temperature is 0-30 DEG C, be preferably 5-20 DEG C, the time is 1-5 hour, is preferably 1-3 hour; The reaction conditions of subordinate phase comprises: temperature is 30-80 DEG C, and be preferably 40-70 DEG C, the time is 1-3 hour, is preferably 1-2 hour.
Described rare gas element comprises at least one in the nitrogen of this area routine or the periodic table of elements in neutral element gas, is preferably nitrogen.Described protection of inert gas except be included in polyreaction carry out in the middle of pass into except rare gas element protects; also be included in the forward direction reaction system adding initiator and pass into rare gas element; to remove the dissolved oxygen in the aqueous solution; the method that this step passes into rare gas element is the method that those skilled in the art know altogether; in the present invention, the time passing into rare gas element is preferably 30-60 minute.
In addition, the present inventor finds under study for action, when select specific monomer D, monomer E, with monomer F react time, can the thickening effectiveness of the polymkeric substance of gained be improved further and easily be cross-linked.Such as, preferably, described monomer D is the monomer of structure shown in formula (8), and R
1for the alkylidene group of C1-C4; Described monomer E is the monomer of structure shown in formula (10), and described monomer F is the monomer of structure shown in formula (14),
Wherein, R
4for the alkylidene group of C1-C4, be preferably methylene radical; M
1for at least one in H, K and Na.
Present invention also offers the acrylamide based copolymer prepared by above-mentioned polymerization process.
Present invention also offers by acrylamide based copolymer provided by the invention and the acrylamide based copolymer for preparing according to method provided by the invention as the application in fracturing fluid thickener.
Below will be described the present invention by embodiment.Should be understood that, embodiment described herein, only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not limited to the present invention.
Intrinsic viscosity measures according to GB12005.1-89 polyacrylamide For Intrinsic Viscosity Measurements method; Viscosity-average molecular weight is according to formula M
v=([η]/K)
1 α, wherein K=4.5 × 10
-3, α=0.80 calculates; Solid content measures according to method described in standard GB12005.2-89; Apparent viscosity measures according to method described in standard Q/HNYJ313-2007; The composition of molecular structure and structural unit adopt IR spectrum and
13c-NMR measures.
In following embodiment, acrylamide is purchased from company of Sam Wing International Ltd., N hydroxymethyl acrylamide is purchased from Sigma-Aldrich company, 3-acrylamide-3 Methylbutanoic acid (AMBA) is purchased from Sigma-Aldrich company, 2,2 '-azo two (2-amidine propane) dihydrochloride (V50) is purchased from Sigma-Aldrich company.
In addition, unless specifically indicated, the reagent used in embodiment, comparative example and test case is commercially available product.
In following embodiment and comparative example; for the ease of the mensuration of performance; by polymerization gained acrylamide copolymer colloid be purchased from Beijing victory the triumphant model reaching bulk material equipment company limited be SLG (J)-120 tablets press on carry out granulation; and pellet granulation obtained carries out drying at the temperature of 70 DEG C, then by the acrylamide polymer product after pulverizing be the screen cloth of 15-100 micron by sieve diameter.Then acrylamide based copolymer is carried out to the mensuration of properties.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is used for acrylamide based copolymer and preparation method thereof is described.
Under 0 DEG C of cooling conditions, 3-acrylamide-the 3 Methylbutanoic acid (AMBA) of the acrylamide (AM) of 23.76g, the N hydroxymethyl acrylamide (N-MAM) of 4.83g and 16.35g is added successively in the reactor of 300mL, add 180g water, stirring makes monomer dissolve completely, obtains the aqueous solution of monomer mixture.By sodium hydroxide solution adjust ph to 5.5.Logical N
2bubbling is after 30 minutes, add 2 of 0.012g successively, 2 '-azo two (2-amidine propane) dihydrochloride (V50), 0.004g ammonium persulphate (APS), 0.0025g sodium bisulfite, make reaction mixture prepolymerization 1 hour at 20 DEG C, then reaction mixture is heated to 60 DEG C, reacts 2 hours.Discharging obtains the water white transparency viscoelastic colloidal P1 of acrylamide based copolymer, by P1 through granulation, drying, pulverize and carry out after sieving the mensuration of properties, measurement result is in table 1.
IR spectrometry is carried out to P1, in IR spectrum, 3342cm
-1, 1579cm
-1and 1086cm
-1there is the absorption peak belonging to primary amide, carboxyl and primary hydroxyl respectively in place, can determine that the acrylamide copolymer molecule obtained has the structure shown in formula (15) by above-mentioned characteristic peak, wherein, x, y and z only indicate type and the number of structural unit, and do not represent the mode of connection of structural unit.The concrete numerical value of x, y and z is determined by charging capacity, and the composition of molecular structural formula and structural unit adopts quantitatively
13c composes mensuration, obtains x:y:z=0.5:3.5:1.
Comparative example 1
Prepare acrylamide based copolymer according to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, do not add N hydroxymethyl acrylamide, thus obtain copolymer DP1, by DP1 through granulation, drying, pulverize and carry out after sieving the mensuration of properties, measurement result is in table 1.
Comparative example 2
Acrylamide based copolymer is prepared according to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, the vinylformic acid of identical mole number is adopted to replace 3-acrylamide-3 Methylbutanoic acid to carry out polyreaction, thus obtain terpolymer DP2, by DP2 through granulation, drying, pulverize and carry out after sieving the mensuration of properties, measurement result is in table 1.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is used for acrylamide based copolymer and preparation method thereof is described.
Under 0 DEG C of cooling conditions, 3-acrylamide-the 3 Methylbutanoic acid of the acrylamide of 33.68g, the N hydroxymethyl acrylamide of 5.64g and 4.77g is added successively in the reactor of 250mL, add 96.7g water, stir and monomer is dissolved completely, obtain the aqueous solution of monomer mixture.By sodium hydroxide solution adjust ph to 8.5.Logical N
2bubbling is after 30 minutes, add 2 of 0.01g successively, 2 '-azo two (2-amidine propane) dihydrochloride, 0.006g ammonium persulphate (APS) and 0.0028g sodium bisulfite, reaction mixture is reacted 3 hours at 8 DEG C, then reaction mixture is heated to 70 DEG C, reacts 1 hour.Discharging obtains the water white transparency viscoelastic colloidal P2 of acrylamide based copolymer, by P2 through granulation, drying, pulverize and carry out after sieving the mensuration of properties, measurement result is in table 1.
IR spectrometry is carried out to P2, in IR spectrum, 3345cm
-1, 1568cm
-1and 1088cm
-1there is the absorption peak belonging to primary amide, carboxyl and primary hydroxyl respectively in place, can determine that the acrylamide copolymer molecule obtained has the structure shown in formula (16) by above-mentioned characteristic peak, wherein, x, y and z only indicate type and the number of structural unit, and do not represent the mode of connection of structural unit.The concrete numerical value of x, y and z is determined by charging capacity, and the composition of molecular structural formula and structural unit adopts quantitatively
13c composes mensuration, obtains x:y:z=2:17:1.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is used for acrylamide based copolymer and preparation method thereof is described.
Under 0 DEG C of cooling conditions, 3-acrylamide-the 3 Methylbutanoic acid of the acrylamide of 22.97g, the N hydroxymethyl acrylamide of 9.33g and 7.90g is added successively in the reactor of 250mL, add the water of 120g, stir and monomer is dissolved completely, obtain the aqueous solution of monomer mixture.By sodium hydroxide solution adjust ph to 7.5.Logical N
2bubbling is after 30 minutes, add 0.005g2 successively, 2 '-azo two (2-amidine propane) dihydrochloride (V50), 0.001g ammonium persulphate and 0.00054g sodium bisulfite, make reaction mixture prepolymerization 2 hours at 10 DEG C, then reaction mixture is heated to 40 DEG C, reacts 2 hours.Discharging obtains the water white transparency viscoelastic colloidal P3 of acrylamide copolymer, by P3 through granulation, drying, pulverize and carry out after sieving the mensuration of properties, measurement result is in table 1.
IR spectrometry is carried out to P3, in IR spectrum, 3341cm
-1, 1556cm
-1and 1084cm
-1there is the absorption peak belonging to primary amide, carboxyl and primary hydroxyl respectively in place.Can determine that the acrylamide copolymer molecule obtained has the structure shown in formula (17) by above-mentioned characteristic peak, wherein, x, y and z only indicate type and the number of structural unit, and do not represent the mode of connection of structural unit.The concrete numerical value of x, y and z is determined by charging capacity, and the composition of molecular structural formula and structural unit adopts quantitatively
13c composes mensuration, obtains x:y:z=2:7:1.
Embodiment 4
The method of embodiment 3 is adopted to prepare acrylamide based copolymer, unlike, the add-on of ammonium persulphate is 0.04g, obtain the water white transparency viscoelastic colloidal P4 of acrylamide based copolymer, by P4 through granulation, drying, pulverize and carry out after sieving the mensuration of properties, measurement result is in table 1.
Embodiment 5
The method of embodiment 3 is adopted to prepare acrylamide based copolymer, unlike, the add-on of ammonium persulphate is 0.08g, obtain the water white transparency viscoelastic colloidal P5 of acrylamide based copolymer, by P5 through granulation, drying, pulverize and carry out after sieving the mensuration of properties, measurement result is in table 1.
Embodiment 6
The method of embodiment 3 is adopted to prepare acrylamide based copolymer, unlike, the mol ratio of acrylamide, N hydroxymethyl acrylamide and 3-acrylamide-3 Methylbutanoic acid is 18.9:3.3:1, obtain the water white transparency viscoelastic colloidal P6 of acrylamide based copolymer, by P6 through granulation, drying, pulverize and carry out after sieving the mensuration of properties, measurement result is in table 1.
Embodiment 7
The method of embodiment 3 is adopted to prepare acrylamide copolymer, unlike, the mol ratio of acrylamide, N hydroxymethyl acrylamide and 3-acrylamide-3 Methylbutanoic acid is 2.6:0.4:1, obtain the water white transparency viscoelastic colloidal P7 of acrylamide based copolymer, by P7 through granulation, drying, pulverize and carry out after sieving the mensuration of properties, measurement result is in table 1.
Embodiment 8
Acrylamide based copolymer is prepared according to the method for embodiment 3, unlike, the ratio of the gross weight of the weight of monomer mixture and water and monomer mixture is 0.5:1, obtain acrylamide copolymer p 8, by P8 through granulation, drying, pulverize and carry out after sieving the mensuration of properties, measurement result is in table 1.
Comparative example 3
Acrylamide based copolymer is prepared according to the method for embodiment 3, unlike, the mol ratio of acrylamide, N hydroxymethyl acrylamide and 3-acrylamide-3 Methylbutanoic acid is 1.62:0.08:1, obtain acrylamide based copolymer DP3, by DP3 through granulation, drying, pulverize and carry out after sieving the mensuration of properties, measurement result is in table 1.
Comparative example 4
Acrylamide based copolymer is prepared according to the method for embodiment 3, unlike, the mol ratio of acrylamide, N hydroxymethyl acrylamide and 3-acrylamide-3 Methylbutanoic acid is 6:3:1, obtain acrylamide based copolymer DP4, by DP4 through granulation, drying, pulverize and carry out after sieving the mensuration of properties, measurement result is in table 1.
Test case 1
Acrylamide copolymer P1-P8 and DP1-DP4 obtained in embodiment 1-8 and comparative example 1-4 is mixed with the aqueous solution that concentration is 0.5 % by weight respectively, and adds 6g KCl in every part of aqueous solution, form polymers soln.The apparent viscosity of polymers soln is measured, i.e. base fluid apparent viscosity according to standard Q/HNYJ313-2007.Apparent viscosity is recorded by the fast rotational viscosimeter of Fann-35 type six, and during measurement, shearing rate is constant is 170s
-1, condition determination is 25 DEG C.Measurement result is as shown in table 1.
Test case 2
Get the polymers soln of preparation in the above-mentioned test case 1 of 100g respectively, and be the ZrOCl of 1 % by weight respectively to the concentration adding 1g in every part of polymers soln
2aqueous solution linking agent, stir about 1 minute, obtains the frozen glue that can hang, under the condition of 120 DEG C, with 170s
-1speed measures its apparent viscosity after shearing 1.5 hours.Measurement result is as shown in table 1.
In above embodiment and comparative example, the transformation efficiency of monomer is all more than 99.99%.
Table 1
From the data of table 1, can be found out by the data of embodiment 1 with comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, under high salt and hot conditions, the frozen glue that acrylamide based copolymer provided by the invention is formed after crosslinked still has higher apparent viscosity, illustrates that acrylamide based copolymer provided by the invention has good high temperature resistant to shearing performance.
More known by embodiment 3 and embodiment 4 and embodiment 5, with the total mole number of monomer in described monomer mixture for benchmark, when the consumption of described redox series initiators is 0.0002-0.02 % by mole, the resistance to gentle endurance of cutting of frozen glue that acrylamide copolymer provided by the invention is formed after crosslinked is better, and the apparent viscosity after frozen glue shear at high temperature is all at more than 50mPas.
More known by embodiment 3 and embodiment 6 and embodiment 7, when improving the content of acrylamide and 3-acrylamide-3 Methylbutanoic acid in monomer mixture, the acrylamide molecular weight of copolymer obtained rises to some extent, but the high temperature resistant to shearing performance of frozen glue declines all to some extent.
More known by embodiment 3 and embodiment 8, improve the ratio of the weight of monomer mixture and the gross weight of water and monomer mixture, the system that can induce reaction heat radiation difficulty, easy local superheating causes sudden and violent poly-, thus obtained polymericular weight is lower, and the high temperature resistant to shearing degradation of frozen glue.
More known by embodiment 3 and comparative example 3 and 4, improves N hydroxymethyl acrylamide and 3-acrylamide-3 Methylbutanoic acid monomeric charge amount, causes acrylamide molecular weight of copolymer and frozen glue temperature and shearing sustainability all to decline.
In sum, acrylamide based copolymer provided by the invention has good Efficient Adhesive Promotion under high temperature and high salt condition, and the frozen glue formed after it is crosslinked has good high temperature resistant to shearing ability, is suitable for use as fracturing fluid thickener.
More than describe the preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail; but the present invention is not limited to the detail in above-mentioned embodiment, within the scope of technical conceive of the present invention; can carry out multiple simple variant to technical scheme of the present invention, these simple variant all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in addition, each concrete technical characteristic described in above-mentioned embodiment, in reconcilable situation, can be combined by any suitable mode, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention illustrates no longer separately to various possible array mode.
In addition, also can carry out arbitrary combination between various different embodiment of the present invention, as long as it is without prejudice to thought of the present invention, it should be considered as content disclosed in this invention equally.
Claims (11)
1. an acrylamide based copolymer, it is characterized in that, this acrylamide based copolymer contains structural unit A, structural unit B and structural unit C, wherein, described structural unit A is the unit of the shown structure of formula (1) and/or formula (2), described structural unit B is the unit of the shown structure of formula (3) and/or formula (4), and described structural unit C is the unit of the shown structure of formula (5) and/or formula (6); And with the total mole number of structural unit in described acrylamide based copolymer for benchmark, the content of described structural unit A is 5-25 % by mole, the content of described structural unit B is 60-90 % by mole, and the content of described structural unit C is 1-30 % by mole; Preferably, the content of described structural unit A is 10-20 % by mole, and the content of described structural unit B is 70-85 % by mole, and the content of described structural unit C is 5-20 % by mole; The viscosity-average molecular weight of described acrylamide based copolymer is 1,000,000-1,000 ten thousand, is preferably 2,000,000-800 ten thousand;
Wherein, R
1, R
1', R
4and R
4' be the alkylidene group of C1-C8 independently of one another; R
2, R
3, R
2' and R
3' be the alkyl of C1-C5 independently of one another; M
1and M
2be at least one in H, K and Na independently of one another.
2. acrylamide based copolymer according to claim 1, wherein, described structural unit A is the unit of structure shown in formula (1), and R
1for the alkylidene group of C1-C4; Described structural unit B is the unit of structure shown in formula (3), and described structural unit C is the unit of structure shown in formula (7),
Wherein, R
4for the alkylidene group of C1-C4, M
1for at least one in H, K and Na.
3. the preparation method of an acrylamide based copolymer, the method comprises: under the solution polymerization condition of alkene, under initiator exists, a kind of monomer mixture is made to carry out polyreaction in water, it is characterized in that, described monomer mixture contains monomer D, monomer E and monomer F, described monomer D is the monomer of the shown structure of formula (8) and/or formula (9), described monomer E is the monomer of the shown structure of formula (10) and/or formula (11), and described monomer F is the monomer of the shown structure of formula (12) and/or formula (13); And with the total mole number of monomer in described monomer mixture for benchmark, the content of described monomer D is 5-25 % by mole, the content of described monomer E is 60-90 % by mole, the content of described monomer F is 1-30 % by mole, preferably, the content of described monomer D is 10-20 % by mole, and the content of described monomer E is 70-85 % by mole, and the content of described monomer F is 5-20 % by mole; After the condition of described polyreaction makes polyreaction, the viscosity-average molecular weight of gained acrylamide based copolymer is 1,000,000-1,000 ten thousand, is preferably 2,000,000-800 ten thousand;
Wherein, R
1, R
1', R
4and R
4' be the alkylidene group of C1-C8 independently of one another; R
2, R
3, R
2' and R
3' be the alkyl of C1-C5 independently of one another; M
1and M
2be at least one in H, K and Na independently of one another.
4. method according to claim 3, wherein, the ratio of the gross weight of the weight of described monomer mixture and water and monomer mixture is 0.1-0.4:1, is preferably 0.2-0.35:1.
5. method according to claim 3, wherein, described initiator is azo series initiators and redox series initiators, with the total mole number of monomer in described monomer mixture for benchmark, the consumption of described azo series initiators is 0.0001-0.01 % by mole, the consumption of described redox series initiators is 0.0002-0.02 % by mole, and total consumption of described azo initiator and redox initiator is 0.001-0.03 % by mole.
6. method according to claim 5, wherein, described azo series initiators is Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, 2,2'-Azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), the different heptamide of azo two, 2,2 '-azo two (2-amidine propane) dihydrochloride, 2,2 '-azo diisobutyl amidine hydrochloride and 2, at least one in 2 '-azo two (2-amidine propane) dihydrochloride; Described redox series initiators comprises Oxidizing and Reducing Agents, and the mol ratio of described oxygenant and described reductive agent is 0.5-1.2:1, and the consumption of described oxygenant is the 0.0001-0.01 % by mole of the total mole number of monomer in monomer mixture; Described oxygenant is at least one in ammonium persulphate, Potassium Persulphate, Sodium Persulfate and hydrogen peroxide; The consumption of described reductive agent is the 0.0001-0.01 % by mole of the total mole number of monomer in monomer mixture; Described reductive agent is inorganic reducing agent and/or organic reducing agent (helping reductive agent), and described inorganic reducing agent is at least one in sodium bisulfite, S-WAT, rongalite, Sulfothiorine, ferrous sulfate and vat powder; Described organic reducing agent is N, N '-dimethyl quadrol, N, N '-dimethyl-1,3-propylene diamine, N, N, N ', N ' at least one in-Tetramethyl Ethylene Diamine, N, N-dimethyl amine, 3-methylamino-propylamine, Dimethylaminoethyl Methacrylate, N-(3-dimethylamino-propyl) Methacrylamide, 1-(dimethylamino)-2-propylamine and diethylenetriamine.
7. method according to claim 3, wherein, described polyreaction is carried out in the presence of an inert gas, and described polymeric reaction condition comprises: temperature is 0-80 DEG C, and the time is 3-8 hour, and pH value is 5-9.
8. method according to claim 7, wherein, described polyreaction comprises two stages of carrying out successively, and the reaction conditions of first stage comprises: temperature is 0-30 DEG C, and the time is 1-5 hour; The reaction conditions of subordinate phase comprises: temperature is 30-80 DEG C, and the time is 1-3 hour.
9. method according to claim 3, wherein, described monomer D is the monomer of structure shown in formula (8), and R
1for the alkylidene group of C1-C4; Described monomer E is the monomer of structure shown in formula (10), and described monomer F is the monomer of structure shown in formula (14),
Wherein, R
4for the alkylidene group of C1-C4, M
1for at least one in H, K and Na.
10. the acrylamide based copolymer that the method in claim 3-9 described in any one is obtained.
Acrylamide based copolymer in 11. claim 1-2 and 10 described in any one is as the application of fracturing fluid thickener.
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