CN104609791A - Phase-change energy-storage dual-limit temperature adjustment mortar and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Phase-change energy-storage dual-limit temperature adjustment mortar and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104609791A CN104609791A CN201510041002.XA CN201510041002A CN104609791A CN 104609791 A CN104609791 A CN 104609791A CN 201510041002 A CN201510041002 A CN 201510041002A CN 104609791 A CN104609791 A CN 104609791A
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Abstract
The invention discloses phase-change energy-storage dual-limit temperature adjustment mortar and a preparation method thereof. The phase-change energy-storage dual-limit temperature adjustment mortar comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of cement, 20-55 parts of medium sand, 10-30 parts of phase-change microcapsules, 10-40 parts of expanded perlite shape-stabilized phase-change particles, 0.25-1 part of fibers, 0.2-0.5 parts of cellulose ether, 1.5-3 parts of redispersible latex powder and 25-30 parts of water, wherein the phase-change temperature of the phase-change microcapsules is 18-20 DEG C and the phase-change temperature of the expanded perlite shape-stabilized phase-change particles is 26-28 DEG C. The phase-change energy-storage dual-limit temperature adjustment mortar prepared by the method has a dual-limit temperature adjustment function, not only can remarkably adjust a room temperature to be within upper and lower limit ranges of a comfortable temperature of a human body and improve thermal comfort of a human settlement environment but also improves energy-storage and temperature-adjustment capabilities of a phase-change mortar product and overcomes performance deficiencies existent during addition of a single phase-change medium through compound addition of two phase-change mediums, that is to say, the phase-change microcapsules and the expanded perlite shape-stabilized phase-change particles.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to building material field, be specifically related to a kind of phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In modern architecture especially Highrise buildings, lightweight building enclosure obtains to be applied more and more widely, this is mainly because lightweight building enclosure not only can alleviate the self load bearing of building structure greatly, and because having good thermal resistance, the heat insulating effect of architectural exterior-protecting construction can be improved.But because the thermal capacitance of lightweight building enclosure is little, heat storage capacity is poor, the solar radiant heat on storage daytime cannot be absorbed in a large number, cause room temp too high for daytime, night is too low, and day and night fluctuation is large, thermal comfort is poor, and causes the increase of air-conditioning and heating energy consumption thus, is unfavorable for building energy conservation.
Phase-changing energy-storing building materials is the focus of energy-saving building materials research field in recent years, it is incorporated in traditional construction material matrix by special process means by phase change material, absorb when utilizing phase change material generation phase in version or the characteristic of release of heat, a kind of matrix material with energy-saving and temperature-regulating function made.When phase-changing energy-storing building materials is applied to architectural exterior-protecting construction, himself stronger heat storage capacity can be relied on to enlarge markedly the heat inertia index of building enclosure, reduce fluctuations in indoor temperature, improve the thermal comfort of human settlement, reduce air-conditioning and heating energy consumption, reach energy-conservation object.
Phase-change energy-storage temperature adjustment mortar is the more representational product of phase-change accumulation energy building materials field, it is incorporated in traditional slurry component using the composite phase-change material with certain packing forms as phase change medium, formed by compositional refinements optimized fabrication, the plastering engineering being applied to indoor wall can give body of wall energy storage and temperature adjustment function, substitute traditional motar, additionally do not take the interior space, and easy construction, can smear by hand, also can mechanically spraying.
Suitable material mainly inorganic porous base fixed phase change particle and the phase-change microcapsule as phase change medium in phase-change energy-storage temperature adjustment mortar.At present, relatively more conventional inorganic porous base fixed phase change particle is using pearlstone, expanded vermiculite, sepiolite, zeolite etc. as phase change material carrier, main because of these material bulk density less, porosity is larger, there is extremely strong adsorptive power, large as loading during phase change material carrier, cost is low, and phase change material absorbing process is simple, and production efficiency is higher.But, due to the particle diameter comparatively large (general diameter is greater than 2mm) of inorganic porous base fixed phase change particle, and surface is in irregular angular, when requiring higher to the latent heat of phase change value of mortar, increasing its volume can cause mortar mixture mobility to reduce, cohesive force reduces, and workability significantly declines.So when adopting inorganic porous base fixed phase change particle as phase change medium separately, for ensureing mortar normal construction performance and mechanical property, its volume is subject to obvious restriction, and then constrains the lifting of mortar energy storage and temperature adjustment function.
Phase-change microcapsule is using organic high molecular polymer as cyst material, using phase change material as core materials, through the micron order capsule particle that special process technology is prepared from.Micro encapsulation is the most reliable packaged type of current solid-liquid phase change material, and can ensure that phase change material is non-leakage for a long time, and clad ratio is higher, latent heat of phase change value is larger.Phase-change microcapsule is pulverulence, easily with other slurry component mix evenly, particle surface is smooth, inside mortar, have lubrication, can increase mortar mixture degree of mobilization, improve workability after equal-volume substitutes sand.But, because phase-change microcapsule wall material is organic materials, join in cement-based mortar matrix and can produce defect at interface cohesion place, significantly hardened mortar intensity can be reduced when volume is larger, increase possibility of cracks, and phase-change microcapsule cost is relatively high, is unsuitable for volume comparatively large, finally causes the energy storage of mortar and temperature adjustment ability to be fettered.As can be seen here, all there are certain technology and economic problems in independent admixture inorganic porous base fixed phase change particle or phase-change microcapsule, is difficult to the significantly lifting obtaining energy-saving and temperature-regulating function.
In addition, existing phase-change energy-storage temperature adjustment mortar product generally only has single phase transformation temperature points, temperature adjustment function has limitation, and when being in different constant interval in Various Seasonal room temp, the phase transition mortar with single phase transformation temperature points is difficult to long-acting performance energy storage and temperature adjustment effect.Such as, transformation temperature is that the phase transition mortar of 28 degrees centigrade only can experience phase transformation repeatedly in summer and plays a role, and is difficult to play a role when cold season, indoor air temperature was lower; Transformation temperature is that the phase transition mortar of 18 degrees centigrade only has indoor energy-saving and temperature-regulating meaning in autumn, winter, and is in melted state at phase transformation in summer material over time, solid-liquid phase change cannot occur, lose energy-saving and temperature-regulating effect.So the number of times that effective phase transformation reaction can occur the phase transition mortar with single phase transformation temperature points in annual scope is less, and energy storage and thermoregulatory effect are remarkable not.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to one of solve the problems of the technologies described above at least to a certain extent.For this reason, the present invention proposes one and there is high heat storage and two limit temperature adjustment function, have phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar of excellent workability and mechanical property simultaneously concurrently and prepare the method for this phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a kind of phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar, it is characterized in that, comprising: the cement of 25 weight parts; The medium sand of 20 ~ 55 weight parts; The phase-change microcapsule of 10 ~ 30 weight parts; The pearlstone fixed phase change particle of 10 ~ 40 weight parts; The fiber of 0.25 ~ 1 weight part; The ether of cellulose of 0.2 ~ 0.5 weight part; The redispersable latex powder of 1.5 ~ 3 weight parts; And 25 ~ 30 water of weight part, wherein, the transformation temperature of described phase-change microcapsule is 18 ~ 20 degrees Celsius, and the transformation temperature of described pearlstone fixed phase change particle is 26 ~ 28 degrees Celsius.
Thus, containing the combined phase-change medium by phase-change microcapsule and pearlstone fixed phase change granulometric composition in phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar of the above embodiment of the present invention, in mortar, phase-change microcapsule dispersed filler is between pearlstone fixed phase change particle, the aggregate of the latter is utilized to support and crackle retardation, the expansion of phase-change microcapsule and cement interface tiny crack can be limited, meanwhile, phase-change microcapsule also can utilize its lubrication to cut down pearlstone fixed phase change particle to the negative impact of Mortar'S Flowability.Two kinds of phase change mediums have composite synergistic effect, not only increase the energy storage potentiality of phase transition mortar, and the performance deficiency existed when overcoming the single phase change medium of admixture, make the present invention while having higher potential heat value, have excellent workability and mechanical property.In addition, above-mentioned phase-change microcapsule and pearlstone fixed phase change particle have the transformation temperature of 18 ~ 20 degrees Celsius and 26 ~ 28 degrees Celsius respectively, the phase-change accumulation energy of above-described embodiment two limit temperature adjustment mortar is made to have two limit temperature adjustment function, all energy-saving and temperature-regulating effect can be played in Various Seasonal, remarkable regulation and control room temperature is within the scope of human comfort's temperature upper and lower limit, improve human settlement's thermal comfort, save air-conditioning and heating energy consumption.
In addition, phase-change accumulation energy according to the above embodiment of the present invention two limit temperature adjustment mortar can also have following additional technical characteristic:
In some embodiments of the invention, after described phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar hardening, ultimate compression strength is 2.5 ~ 4.5MPa, linear shrinkage ratio is 0.1 ~ 0.3%, it is 60 ~ 80kPa that pressure cuts bonding strength, latent heat of phase change is 25 ~ 60kJ/kg, and transformation temperature is 18 ~ 20 degrees Celsius and 26 ~ 28 degrees Celsius.
In some embodiments of the invention, described cement is ordinary Portland cement; Described medium sand is at least one in river sand, lake sand, mountain sand, desalted sea sand and Machine-made Sand; Described fiber is at least one in polypropylene fibre, tynex and wood fibre; Described ether of cellulose is methylcellulose gum and/or Vltra tears; Described redispersable latex powder is at least one in ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylate, acrylic styrene copolymer and styrene-butadiene copolymer.
In some embodiments of the invention, described phase-change microcapsule, comprising: cyst material; Core materials, it is inner that described core materials is coated on described cyst material, wherein, the median size of described phase-change microcapsule is 30 ~ 70 microns, potential heat value is 80 ~ 120kJ/kg, and optionally, described cyst material is at least one in polystyrene, polysulfones, polymethylmethacrylate and polycarbonate, optionally, described core materials is butyl stearate and/or n-hexadecane.
In some embodiments of the invention, described pearlstone fixed phase change particle comprises: pearlstone; Phase change material, described phase change material is carried in described pearlstone hole, to form pearlstone fixed phase change grain skeleton structure; Coating material, the outside surface of the coated described pearlstone fixed phase change grain skeleton structure of described coating material, wherein, the particle diameter of described pearlstone fixed phase change particle is 1.5 ~ 3.5 millimeters, potential heat value is 60 ~ 100kJ/kg, optionally, the tap density of described pearlstone is 80 ~ 120kg/m
3, optionally, described phase change material is at least one in Octadecane, polyoxyethylene glycol, ethyl palmitate, alkane-alkane, alkane-ol, alkane-acid, acid-acid, sour-ol eutectic, and optionally, described coating material is that polymer cement is starched only.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the invention allows for a kind of method preparing phase-change accumulation energy noted earlier two limit temperature adjustment mortar, comprising:
Preparation transformation temperature is the phase-change microcapsule of 18 ~ 20 degrees Celsius;
Preparation transformation temperature is the pearlstone fixed phase change particle of 26 ~ 28 degrees Celsius;
By the phase-change microcapsule of 10 ~ 30 weight parts and the pearlstone fixed phase change particle of 10 ~ 40 weight parts and the cement of 25 weight parts; The medium sand of 20 ~ 55 weight parts; The fiber of 0.25 ~ 1 weight part; The ether of cellulose of 0.2 ~ 0.5 weight part; And 1.5 ~ 3 redispersable latex powder mixing dry mixing of weight part, to obtain dry mash; And
Stir add the water of 25 ~ 30 weight parts in described dry mash after, to obtain described phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar.
Thus, utilize aforesaid method, effectively can prepare and there is high heat storage and two limit temperature adjustment function, have phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar of excellent workability and mechanical property simultaneously concurrently.The method is prepared and introduced transformation temperature be 18 ~ 20 degrees Celsius of phase-change microcapsules for lower limit temperature adjustment and transformation temperature is 26 ~ 28 degrees Celsius of pearlstone fixed phase change particles for upper limit temperature adjustment, makes phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar be provided with two limit temperature adjustment function.Simultaneously, utilize the composite synergistic effect of two kinds of phase change mediums, not only increase the energy storage potentiality of phase transition mortar, and the performance deficiency existed when overcoming the single phase change medium of admixture, while making phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar have higher potential heat value, have excellent workability and mechanical property.
In addition, the method preparing phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technical characteristic:
In some embodiments of the invention, the weight ratio of described phase-change microcapsule and described pearlstone fixed phase change particle is 1:(1 ~ 2).
In some embodiments of the invention, after adding water described in, churning time is 1 ~ 3 minute.
In some embodiments of the invention, described phase-change microcapsule is obtained by following method:
By surfactant dissolves in water, to obtain active aqueous phase solution;
Cyst material and core materials are dissolved in organic solvent, to obtain oil-phase solution;
Described oil-phase solution and mixed being incorporated in mulser of described active aqueous phase solution are carried out high-speed stirring, to obtain emulsion;
Described emulsion is carried out heating stirring at low speed, to volatilize described organic solvent obtain suspension liquid; And
Described suspension liquid is filtered, washs and drying, to obtain phase-change microcapsule,
Optionally, the weight ratio of described cyst material and core materials is 1:(1 ~ 1.5),
Optionally, described organic solvent is methylene dichloride, and wherein, in described oil-phase solution, cyst material and core materials total mass concentration are 15 ~ 25%,
Optionally, described tensio-active agent is at least one in sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium laurylsulfonate, gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol and polysorbate,
Optionally, in described active aqueous phase solution, surfactant qualities concentration is 0.8 ~ 1.5%,
Optionally, the weight ratio of described active aqueous phase solution and described oil-phase solution is 6:1,
Optionally, described high-speed stirring speed is 2500 ~ 3000r/min, and the time is 30 minutes,
Optionally, described stirring at low speed speed is 500 ~ 700r/min, and the time is 2 hours, and Heating temperature is 35 ~ 40 degrees Celsius.
In some embodiments of the invention, described pearlstone fixed phase change particle is obtained by following method:
Pearlstone is carried out drying, to obtain dry pearlstone;
Phase change material is heated, to obtain molten state phase change material;
The pearlstone of described drying and described molten state phase change material are carried out mixing in vacuum reaction still and reduced pressure treatment, to obtain pearlstone fixed phase change grain skeleton structure;
By described pearlstone fixed phase change grain skeleton structure cooling; And
Utilize coating material that the described pearlstone fixed phase change grain skeleton structure of cooling is carried out coated and maintenance, to obtain pearlstone fixed phase change particle,
Optionally, the weight ratio of described pearlstone and molten state phase change material is 1:(1 ~ 1.5),
Optionally, the temperature of described drying is 80 degrees Celsius, and the time is 24 hours,
Optionally, the pressure in described vacuum reaction still is 0.08 ~ 0.1MPa, and temperature is 40 ~ 50 degrees Celsius,
Optionally, described coated employing spray coating mode.
Embodiment
According to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a kind of phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar, this phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar comprises: the cement of 25 weight parts; The medium sand of 20 ~ 55 weight parts; The phase-change microcapsule of 10 ~ 30 weight parts; The pearlstone fixed phase change particle of 10 ~ 40 weight parts; The fiber of 0.25 ~ 1 weight part; The ether of cellulose of 0.2 ~ 0.5 weight part; The redispersable latex powder of 1.5 ~ 3 weight parts; And 25 ~ 30 water of weight part, wherein, the transformation temperature of described phase-change microcapsule is 18 ~ 20 degrees Celsius, and the transformation temperature of described pearlstone fixed phase change particle is 26 ~ 28 degrees Celsius.
Thus, containing the combined phase-change medium be made up of according to rational proportion phase-change microcapsule and pearlstone fixed phase change particle in phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar of the above embodiment of the present invention, in mortar, phase-change microcapsule dispersed filler is between pearlstone fixed phase change particle, the aggregate of the latter is utilized to support and crackle retardation, the expansion of phase-change microcapsule and cement interface tiny crack can be limited, meanwhile, phase-change microcapsule also can utilize its lubrication to cut down pearlstone fixed phase change particle to the negative impact of Mortar'S Flowability.Two kinds of phase change mediums have composite synergistic effect, not only increase the energy storage potentiality of phase transition mortar, and the performance deficiency existed when overcoming the single phase change medium of admixture, make the present invention while having higher potential heat value, have excellent workability and mechanical property.In addition, above-mentioned phase-change microcapsule and pearlstone fixed phase change particle have the transformation temperature of 18 ~ 20 degrees Celsius and 26 ~ 28 degrees Celsius respectively, the phase-change accumulation energy of above-described embodiment two limit temperature adjustment mortar is made to have two limit temperature adjustment function, all energy-saving and temperature-regulating effect can be played in Various Seasonal, remarkable regulation and control room temperature is within the scope of human comfort's temperature upper and lower limit, improve human settlement's thermal comfort, save air-conditioning and heating energy consumption.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the cement adopted in above-mentioned phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar can be ordinary Portland cement.Adopt this cement can ensure intensity and the weather resistance of phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar as body material thus.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned medium sand is at least one in river sand, lake sand, mountain sand, desalted sea sand and Machine-made Sand.Adopt this medium sand can improve phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar working, intensity and weather resistance as fine aggregate thus.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned fiber is at least one in polypropylene fibre, tynex and wood fibre.Adopt thus this fiber can in mortar evenly disorderly to distributed in three dimensions around phase change medium, the tensile strength utilizing it good and toughness, effectively prevent phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar from producing cracking phenomena.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned ether of cellulose is methylcellulose gum and/or Vltra tears.Adopt this ether of cellulose can play its water retention capacity thus, avoid phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar to lose because of the free-water segregation that produces containing phase change medium and denseness.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned redispersable latex powder is at least one in ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylate, acrylic styrene copolymer and styrene-butadiene copolymer.Adopt this redispersable latex powder that the space crosslinked action of polymkeric substance can be relied on to increase phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar bonding strength thus, reduce water-absorbent, improve splitting resistance and snappiness.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned phase-change microcapsule comprises: cyst material; Core materials, it is inner that described core materials is coated on described cyst material, and wherein, the median size of described phase-change microcapsule is 30 ~ 70 microns, potential heat value 80 ~ 120kJ/kg, and transformation temperature is 18 ~ 20 degrees Celsius.Have thus said structure phase-change microcapsule can dispersed filler between above-mentioned pearlstone fixed phase change particle, play its lubrication, improve the workability of phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar, and play its phase-changing and temperature-regulating effect when at room temperature dropping to human comfort's sendible temperature lower range, maintain indoor thermal comfort.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned cyst material is at least one in polystyrene, polysulfones, polymethylmethacrylate and polycarbonate.Adopt this cyst material can form polymer dense film in above-mentioned core materials outside thus, seal coated core materials completely, non-leakage when ensureing that core materials generation solid-liquid phase change reacts.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned core materials is butyl stearate and/or n-hexadecane.Adopt this core materials that the transformation temperature of phase-change microcapsule can be made to be 18 ~ 20 degrees Celsius thus, and there is higher latent heat of phase change value.
Thus, phase change material can reliably be packaged in cyst material by the phase-change microcapsule of the above embodiment of the present invention, and ensure that phase change material is non-leakage for a long time, and clad ratio is higher, latent heat of phase change value is larger.The phase-change microcapsule of the above embodiment of the present invention is pulverulence, easily with other slurry component mix evenly, particle surface is smooth, inside mortar, have lubrication, can increase mortar mixture degree of mobilization, improve workability after equal-volume substitutes sand.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned pearlstone fixed phase change particle comprises: pearlstone; Phase change material, described phase change material is carried in described pearlstone hole, to form pearlstone fixed phase change grain skeleton structure; Coating material, the outside surface of the coated described pearlstone fixed phase change grain skeleton structure of described coating material, wherein, the particle diameter of described pearlstone fixed phase change particle is 1.5 ~ 3.5 millimeters, potential heat value is 60 ~ 100kJ/kg, and transformation temperature is 26 ~ 28 degrees Celsius.The above-mentioned pearlstone fixed phase change particle adopted thus can be stablized and a high proportion ofly support phase change material, and plays phase-changing and temperature-regulating effect when room temperature rises to human comfort's sendible temperature upper range, maintains indoor thermal comfort.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the tap density of above-mentioned pearlstone is 80 ~ 120kg/m
3.Adopt this pearlstone to have good pellet hardness and larger porosity concurrently thus, be applicable to the carrier as above-mentioned phase change material.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned phase change material is at least one in Octadecane, polyoxyethylene glycol, ethyl palmitate, alkane-alkane, alkane-ol, alkane-acid, acid-acid, sour-ol eutectic.Adopt this phase change material that the transformation temperature of pearlstone fixed phase change particle can be made to be 26 ~ 28 degrees Celsius thus, and there is higher latent heat of phase change value.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned coating material is that polymer cement is starched only.Adopt this coating material thus and pearlstone fixed phase change particle can be made to have hard shell through suitable maintenance, not only ensure that the stopping property of particle, and improve granule strength, during plastering construction can not pressurized damaged, around phase-change microcapsule, play aggregate supporting role.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar with said components and component concentration has good mechanical property and energy-saving and temperature-regulating function.Particularly, showing as ultimate compression strength after above-mentioned phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar hardening is 2.5 ~ 4.5MPa, and linear shrinkage ratio is 0.1 ~ 0.3%, and it is 60kPa ~ 80kPa that pressure cuts bonding strength, latent heat of phase change is 25 ~ 60kJ/kg, and transformation temperature is 18 ~ 20 degrees Celsius and 26 ~ 28 degrees Celsius.When this phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar is applied to indoor wall plastering engineering thus, there is good energy-saving and temperature-regulating effect, can significantly regulation and control room temperature within the scope of human comfort's temperature upper and lower limit, improve human settlement's thermal comfort, save air-conditioning and heating energy consumption.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method preparing phase-change accumulation energy noted earlier two limit temperature adjustment mortar, the method comprises: preparation transformation temperature is the phase-change microcapsule of 18 ~ 20 degrees Celsius; Preparation transformation temperature is the pearlstone fixed phase change particle of 26 ~ 28 degrees Celsius; By the phase-change microcapsule of 10 ~ 30 weight parts and the pearlstone fixed phase change particle of 10 ~ 40 weight parts and the cement of 25 weight parts; The medium sand of 20 ~ 55 weight parts; The fiber of 0.25 ~ 1 weight part; The ether of cellulose of 0.2 ~ 0.5 weight part; And 1.5 ~ 3 redispersable latex powder mixing dry mixing of weight part, to obtain dry mash; And stir add the water of 25 ~ 30 weight parts in described dry mash after, to obtain described phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar.
Thus, utilize aforesaid method, effectively can prepare and there is high heat storage and two limit temperature adjustment function, have phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar of excellent workability and mechanical property simultaneously concurrently.The process employs the combined phase-change medium be made up of according to rational proportion phase-change microcapsule and pearlstone fixed phase change particle, thus improve the energy storage potentiality of phase transition mortar, and the performance deficiency existed when overcoming the single phase change medium of admixture, make the present invention while having higher potential heat value, have excellent workability and mechanical property.In addition, phase-change microcapsule and pearlstone fixed phase change particle have different transformation temperatures, make phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar have two limit temperature adjustment function, can significantly regulation and control room temperature within the scope of human comfort's temperature upper and lower limit.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the weight ratio of above-mentioned phase-change microcapsule and pearlstone fixed phase change particle is 1:(1 ~ 2).Phase-change microcapsule can with proper ratio dispersed filler space between pearlstone fixed phase change particle thus, play the respective advantage of two kinds of phase change mediums, make phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar obtain best workability and mechanical property, and improve its energy storage potentiality.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned add water after churning time be 1 ~ 3 minute.Can obtain after adopting this churning time thus and mix and there is phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar mixture of works fine.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned phase-change microcapsule is obtained by following method: by surfactant dissolves in water, to obtain active aqueous phase solution; Cyst material and core materials are dissolved in organic solvent, to obtain oil-phase solution; Described oil-phase solution and mixed being incorporated in mulser of described active aqueous phase solution are carried out high-speed stirring, to obtain emulsion; Described emulsion is carried out heating stirring at low speed, to volatilize described organic solvent obtain suspension liquid; And described suspension liquid is filtered, to wash and dry, to obtain phase-change microcapsule.
Utilize aforesaid method effectively can prepare the phase-change microcapsule that transformation temperature is 18 ~ 20 degrees Celsius.The method technique is simple, be easy to control, higher compared to the produced in conventional processes such as situ aggregation method, interfacial polymerization efficiency, cost is lower, be particularly useful for preparing the phase-change microcapsule material being applied to architecture indoor energy-saving and temperature-regulating of transformation temperature less than 30 degrees Celsius.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned tensio-active agent is at least one in sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium laurylsulfonate, gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol and polysorbate.Adopt this tensio-active agent effectively can reduce the interfacial tension of above-mentioned oil-phase solution thus, that form dispersion, stable oil-in-water structure drop.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the weight ratio of above-mentioned cyst material and core materials is 1:(1 ~ 1.5).Adopt this weight ratio to obtain to have the phase-change microcapsule of reliable sealing performance and higher latent heat of phase change value thus.When this weight ratio is too small, phase-change microcapsule cyst wall is thinner, and easily damaged and then generation is leaked; When this weight ratio is excessive, core materials content is lower, and the latent heat of phase change value of phase-change microcapsule is less.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned organic solvent is methylene dichloride, and wherein, in described oil-phase solution, cyst material and core materials total mass concentration are 15 ~ 25%.Adopt this organic solvent and weight ratio that cyst material and core materials can be made to dissolve completely thus and form homogeneous oil-phase solution, and there is suitable liquid phase viscosity, be conducive to finally obtaining the less and phase-change microcapsule be evenly distributed of particle diameter.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, in above-mentioned active aqueous phase solution, surfactant qualities concentration is 0.8 ~ 1.5%.Can ensure that surfactant molecule is fully enriched in water-oil interface thus, play surface-active action.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the weight ratio of above-mentioned active aqueous phase solution and described oil-phase solution is 6:1.Suitable system viscosity can be obtained thus, provide oil-in-water structure drop to disperse and the adequate space of stable existence.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned high-speed stirring speed is 2500 ~ 3000r/min, and the time is 30 minutes.The shearing force adopting high-speed stirring that dispersion system can be provided enough thus and stirring duration, make oil-phase solution be emulsified into fine drop gradually.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned Heating temperature is 35 ~ 40 degrees Celsius, and stirring at low speed speed is 500 ~ 700r/min, and the time is 2 hours.Stirring at low speed can make organic solvent slowly, fully volatilize in a heated condition thus, and cyst material migrates to core materials surface and film-forming gradually, the above-mentioned phase-change microcapsule of final acquisition.
Particularly, the preparation method of the present invention's phase-change microcapsule used can be: be dissolved in 80 ~ 165 parts of organic solvents by 10 parts of cyst materials and 10 ~ 15 parts of core materials, above-mentioned oil-phase solution slowly being instilled 600 ~ 1140 parts of mass concentrations is the water phase surfactant mixture of 0.8 ~ 1.5%, 30 minutes are stirred with 2500 ~ 3000r/min rotating speed in mulser, then rotating speed to 500 ~ 700r/min is reduced, heating emulsion, its temperature is made to reach 35 ~ 40 degrees Celsius, continue stirring 2 hours, filtration, washing, drying, obtain phase-change microcapsule.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned pearlstone fixed phase change particle can be obtained by following method: pearlstone is carried out drying, to obtain dry pearlstone; Phase change material is heated, to obtain molten state phase change material; The pearlstone of described drying and described molten state phase change material are carried out mixing in vacuum reaction still and reduced pressure treatment, to obtain pearlstone fixed phase change grain skeleton structure; By described pearlstone fixed phase change grain skeleton structure cooling; And utilize coating material that the described pearlstone fixed phase change grain skeleton structure of cooling is carried out coated and maintenance, to obtain pearlstone fixed phase change particle.
Utilize aforesaid method effectively to prepare pearlstone fixed phase change particle that transformation temperature is 26 ~ 28 degrees Celsius.Owing to have employed pearlstone as carrier, its absorption and skeletal support effect can be utilized, make phase change material stably carry out solid-liquid phase change reaction therein; Simultaneously by encapsulating coated process to its surface, phase change material generation seepage can be avoided, and improves granule strength, when carrying out plastering construction can not pressurized damaged, give full play to its aggregate supporting role in phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the weight ratio of above-mentioned pearlstone and molten state phase change material is 1:(1 ~ 1.5).The pearlstone fixed phase change particle adopting the pearlstone of this weight ratio and molten state phase change material to prepare thus has higher latent heat of phase change value, and phase change material stable existence not easy to leak.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the temperature of above-mentioned drying is 80 degrees Celsius, and the time is 24 hours.Adopt this drying conditions effectively can carry out drying treatment to pearlstone thus, get rid of free water in hole, being convenient to the absorption of molten state phase change material enters in pearlstone hole, improves the phase change material loading of the pearlstone fixed phase change particle prepared.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the pressure in above-mentioned vacuum reaction still is 0.08 ~ 0.1MPa, and temperature is 40 ~ 50 degrees Celsius.Adopt mixing under vacuum thus and reduced pressure treatment can maintain the molten state of phase change material, be convenient to phase change material and enter in pearlstone hole.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned coated employing spray coating mode.The spray coating mode adopted thus can improve coating material utilization ratio and coating efficiency, and makes the pearlstone fixed phase change particle prepared have the coating layer of smooth even.
Particularly, the preparation method of the present invention's pearlstone fixed phase change used particle can be: to mix by a certain percentage with molten state phase change material be placed in vacuum reaction still by drying the pearlstone of 24 hours through 80 degrees Celsius, stir and heated material, ensure that reactor temperature is 40 ~ 50 degrees Celsius, and open vacuum pump, 5 minutes are vacuumized under 0.09 ~ 0.1MPa negative pressure, venting, continue to vacuumize, venting, circulation like this 6 ~ 10 times, discharging, cooling, spray coating, maintenance 24 hours under standard conditions, obtain pearlstone fixed phase change particle.
Embodiment 1
Step one: preparation transformation temperature is the phase-change microcapsule of 18 ~ 20 degrees Celsius
10 parts of polystyrene and 10 parts of butyl stearates are dissolved in 80 parts of methylene dichloride, above-mentioned oil-phase solution is slowly instilled the lauryl sodium sulfate aqueous solution of 600 part of 1% concentration, 30 minutes are stirred with 2800r/min rotating speed in mulser, then rotating speed is reduced to 500r/min, heating emulsion, its temperature is made to reach 35 ~ 40 degrees Celsius, continue stirring 2 hours, filter, washing, dry, obtain polystyrene cyst wall-butyl stearate capsule-core phase-change microcapsule, testing its transformation temperature through DSC is 19.5 degrees Celsius, latent heat of phase change is 84kJ/kg, testing its median size through laser particle analyzer is 38 microns.
Step 2: preparation transformation temperature is the pearlstone fixed phase change particle of 26 ~ 28 degrees Celsius
To mix with 15 parts of molten state Octadecanes be placed in vacuum reaction still by drying 10 parts of pearlstones of 24 hours through 80 degrees Celsius, stir and heated material, reactor temperature 40 ~ 50 degrees Celsius, open vacuum pump, 5 minutes are vacuumized under 0.09 ~ 0.1MPa negative pressure, venting, continue to vacuumize, venting, circulation like this 10 times, discharging, cooling, polymer cement starches spray coating only, maintenance 24 hours under standard conditions, obtain pearlstone fixed phase change particle, testing its transformation temperature through DSC is 28 degrees Celsius, latent heat of phase change is 95kJ/kg, median size is 2.5mm.
Step 3: by the 15 parts of phase-change microcapsules prepared in above-mentioned steps, 25 parts of pearlstone fixed phase change particles and 25 parts of ordinary Portland cements, 35 parts of medium sands, 0.8 part of polypropylene fibre, 0.45 part of methylcellulose gum, 2 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer mixing dry mixing uniformly powder, add 25 parts of mixing waters, stir 2 minutes i.e. obtained phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortars.
The above-mentioned phase-change accumulation energy prepared two limit temperature adjustment mortar has energy storage and two limit temperature adjustment effect, and good mechanical property, after sclerosis, ultimate compression strength is 3.7MPa, linear shrinkage ratio is 0.25%, it is 75kPa that pressure cuts bonding strength, latent heat of phase change is 36kJ/kg, and transformation temperature is 19.5 degrees Celsius and 28 degrees Celsius.
Embodiment 2
Step one: preparation transformation temperature is the phase-change microcapsule of 18 ~ 20 degrees Celsius
10 parts of polysulfones and 12 parts of n-hexadecanes are dissolved in 88 parts of methylene dichloride, oil-phase solution is slowly instilled the sodium dodecyl sulfate aqueous solution of 660 part of 0.8% concentration, 30 minutes are stirred with 2800r/min rotating speed in mulser, then rotating speed is reduced to 500r/min, heating emulsion, its temperature is made to reach 35 ~ 40 degrees Celsius, continue stirring 2 hours, filter, washing, dry, obtain polysulfones cyst wall-n-hexadecane capsule-core phase-change microcapsule, testing its transformation temperature through DSC is 18.6 degrees Celsius, latent heat of phase change is 98kJ/kg, testing its median size through laser particle analyzer is 45 microns.
Step 2: preparation transformation temperature is the pearlstone fixed phase change particle of 26 ~ 28 degrees Celsius
To mix with 13 parts of molten state polyoxyethylene glycol be placed in vacuum reaction still by drying 10 parts of pearlstones of 24 hours through 80 degrees Celsius, stir and heated material, reactor temperature 40 ~ 50 degrees Celsius, open vacuum pump, 5 minutes are vacuumized under 0.09 ~ 0.1MPa negative pressure, venting, continue to vacuumize, venting, circulation like this 10 times, discharging, cooling, polymer cement starches spray coating only, maintenance 24 hours under standard conditions, obtain pearlstone fixed phase change particle, testing its transformation temperature through DSC is 27.6 degrees Celsius, latent heat of phase change is 69kJ/kg, median size is 2.5mm.
Step 3: by the 12 parts of phase-change microcapsules prepared in above-mentioned steps, 24 parts of pearlstone fixed phase change particles and 25 parts of ordinary Portland cements, 39 parts of medium sands, 0.7 part of tynex, 0.40 part of Vltra tears, 2 parts of Acrylate-styrene bipolymer ester copolymer mixing dry mixing uniformly powder, add 25 parts of mixing waters, stir 2 minutes i.e. obtained phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortars.
The above-mentioned phase-change accumulation energy prepared two limit temperature adjustment mortar has energy storage and two limit temperature adjustment effect, and good mechanical property, after sclerosis, ultimate compression strength is 4.3MPa, linear shrinkage ratio is 0.18%, it is 78kPa that pressure cuts bonding strength, latent heat of phase change is 28kJ/kg, and transformation temperature is 18.6 degrees Celsius and 27.6 degrees Celsius.
Embodiment 3
Step one: preparation transformation temperature is the phase-change microcapsule of 18 ~ 20 degrees Celsius
15 parts of polymethylmethacrylates and 20 parts of n-hexadecanes are dissolved in 140 parts of methylene dichloride, oil-phase solution is slowly instilled the polyvinyl alcohol water solution of 1050 part of 0.9% concentration, 30 minutes are stirred with 2800r/min rotating speed in mulser, then rotating speed is reduced to 500r/min, heating emulsion, its temperature is made to reach 35 ~ 40 degrees Celsius, continue stirring 2 hours, filter, washing, dry, obtain polymethylmethacrylate cyst wall-n-hexadecane capsule-core phase-change microcapsule, testing its transformation temperature through DSC is 18.2 degrees Celsius, latent heat of phase change is 105kJ/kg, testing its median size through laser particle analyzer is 52 microns.
Step 2: preparation transformation temperature is the pearlstone fixed phase change particle of 26 ~ 28 degrees Celsius
To mix with 20 parts of molten state ethyl palmitates be placed in vacuum reaction still by drying 15 parts of pearlstones of 24 hours through 80 degrees Celsius, stir and heated material, reactor temperature 40 ~ 50 degrees Celsius, open vacuum pump, 5 minutes are vacuumized under 0.09 ~ 0.1MPa negative pressure, venting, continue to vacuumize, venting, circulation like this 10 times, discharging, cooling, polymer cement starches spray coating only, maintenance 24 hours under standard conditions, obtain pearlstone fixed phase change particle, testing its transformation temperature through DSC is 26.8 degrees Celsius, latent heat of phase change is 86kJ/kg, median size is 2.5mm.
Step 3: by the 20 parts of phase-change microcapsules prepared in above-mentioned steps, 35 parts of pearlstone fixed phase change particles and 25 parts of ordinary Portland cements, 20 parts of medium sands, 0.9 part of wood fibre, 0.48 part of Vltra tears, 2.5 parts of styrene-butadiene copolymer mixing dry mixing uniformly powder, add 27 parts of mixing waters, stir 2 minutes i.e. obtained phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortars.
The above-mentioned phase-change accumulation energy prepared two limit temperature adjustment mortar has energy storage and two limit temperature adjustment effect, and good mechanical property, after sclerosis, ultimate compression strength is 2.9MPa, linear shrinkage ratio is 0.25%, it is 65kPa that pressure cuts bonding strength, latent heat of phase change is 51kJ/kg, and transformation temperature is 18.2 degrees Celsius and 26.8 degrees Celsius.
In the description of this specification sheets, specific features, structure, material or feature that the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to describe in conjunction with this embodiment or example are contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term need not for be identical embodiment or example.And the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can combine in one or more embodiment in office or example in an appropriate manner.In addition, when not conflicting, the feature of the different embodiment described in this specification sheets or example and different embodiment or example can carry out combining and combining by those skilled in the art.
Although illustrate and describe embodiments of the invention above, be understandable that, above-described embodiment is exemplary, can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art can change above-described embodiment within the scope of the invention, revises, replace and modification.
Claims (10)
1. phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar, is characterized in that, comprising: the cement of 25 weight parts; The medium sand of 20 ~ 55 weight parts; The phase-change microcapsule of 10 ~ 30 weight parts; The pearlstone fixed phase change particle of 10 ~ 40 weight parts; The fiber of 0.25 ~ 1 weight part; The ether of cellulose of 0.2 ~ 0.5 weight part; The redispersable latex powder of 1.5 ~ 3 weight parts; And 25 ~ 30 water of weight part,
Wherein, the transformation temperature of described phase-change microcapsule is 18 ~ 20 degrees Celsius, and the transformation temperature of described pearlstone fixed phase change particle is 26 ~ 28 degrees Celsius.
2. phase-change accumulation energy according to claim 1 two limit temperature adjustment mortar, it is characterized in that, after described phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar hardening, ultimate compression strength is 2.5 ~ 4.5MPa, linear shrinkage ratio is 0.1 ~ 0.3%, it is 60 ~ 80kPa that pressure cuts bonding strength, latent heat of phase change is 25 ~ 60kJ/kg, and transformation temperature is 18 ~ 20 degrees Celsius and 26 ~ 28 degrees Celsius.
3. phase-change accumulation energy according to claim 1 and 2 two limit temperature adjustment mortar, it is characterized in that, described cement is ordinary Portland cement; Described medium sand is at least one in river sand, lake sand, mountain sand, desalted sea sand and Machine-made Sand; Described fiber is at least one in polypropylene fibre, tynex and wood fibre; Described ether of cellulose is methylcellulose gum and/or Vltra tears; Described redispersable latex powder is at least one in ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylate, acrylic styrene copolymer and styrene-butadiene copolymer.
4. the two limit of the phase-change accumulation energy according to any one of claim 1-3 temperature adjustment mortar, it is characterized in that, described phase-change microcapsule, comprising:
Cyst material;
Core materials, it is inner that described core materials is coated on described cyst material,
Wherein, the median size of described phase-change microcapsule is 30 ~ 70 microns, and potential heat value is 80 ~ 120kJ/kg,
Optionally, described cyst material is at least one in polystyrene, polysulfones, polymethylmethacrylate and polycarbonate,
Optionally, described core materials is butyl stearate and/or n-hexadecane.
5. the two limit of the phase-change accumulation energy according to any one of claim 1-4 temperature adjustment mortar, it is characterized in that, described pearlstone fixed phase change particle, comprising:
Pearlstone;
Phase change material, described phase change material is carried in described pearlstone hole, to form pearlstone fixed phase change grain skeleton structure;
Coating material, the outside surface of the coated described pearlstone fixed phase change grain skeleton structure of described coating material,
Wherein, the particle diameter of described pearlstone fixed phase change particle is 1.5 ~ 3.5 millimeters, and potential heat value is 60 ~ 100kJ/kg,
Optionally, the tap density of described pearlstone is 80 ~ 120kg/m
3,
Optionally, described phase change material is at least one in Octadecane, polyoxyethylene glycol, ethyl palmitate, alkane-alkane, alkane-ol, alkane-acid, acid-acid, sour-ol eutectic,
Optionally, described coating material is that polymer cement is starched only.
6. prepare a method for the two limit of phase-change accumulation energy described in any one of claim 1-5 temperature adjustment mortar, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Preparation transformation temperature is the phase-change microcapsule of 18 ~ 20 degrees Celsius;
Preparation transformation temperature is the pearlstone fixed phase change particle of 26 ~ 28 degrees Celsius;
By the phase-change microcapsule of 10 ~ 30 weight parts and the pearlstone fixed phase change particle of 10 ~ 40 weight parts and the cement of 25 weight parts; The medium sand of 20 ~ 55 weight parts; The fiber of 0.25 ~ 1 weight part; The ether of cellulose of 0.2 ~ 0.5 weight part; And 1.5 ~ 3 redispersable latex powder mixing dry mixing of weight part, to obtain dry mash; And
Stir add the water of 25 ~ 30 weight parts in described dry mash after, to obtain described phase-change accumulation energy two limit temperature adjustment mortar.
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the weight ratio of described phase-change microcapsule and described pearlstone fixed phase change particle is 1:(1 ~ 2).
8. the method according to claim 6 or 7, is characterized in that, described in add water after churning time be 1 ~ 3 minute.
9. the method according to any one of claim 6-8, is characterized in that, described phase-change microcapsule is obtained by following method:
By surfactant dissolves in water, to obtain active aqueous phase solution;
Cyst material and core materials are dissolved in organic solvent, to obtain oil-phase solution;
Described oil-phase solution and mixed being incorporated in mulser of described active aqueous phase solution are carried out high-speed stirring, to obtain emulsion;
Described emulsion is carried out heating stirring at low speed, to volatilize described organic solvent obtain suspension liquid; And
Described suspension liquid is filtered, washs and drying, to obtain phase-change microcapsule,
Optionally, the weight ratio of described cyst material and core materials is 1:(1 ~ 1.5),
Optionally, described organic solvent is methylene dichloride, and wherein, in described oil-phase solution, cyst material and core materials total mass concentration are 15 ~ 25%,
Optionally, described tensio-active agent is at least one in sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium laurylsulfonate, gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol and polysorbate,
Optionally, in described active aqueous phase solution, surfactant qualities concentration is 0.8 ~ 1.5%,
Optionally, the weight ratio of described active aqueous phase solution and described oil-phase solution is 6:1,
Optionally, described high-speed stirring speed is 2500 ~ 3000r/min, and the time is 30 minutes,
Optionally, described stirring at low speed speed is 500 ~ 700r/min, and the time is 2 hours, and Heating temperature is 35 ~ 40 degrees Celsius.
10. the method according to any one of claim 6-9, is characterized in that, described pearlstone fixed phase change particle is obtained by following method:
Pearlstone is carried out drying, to obtain dry pearlstone;
Phase change material is heated, to obtain molten state phase change material;
The pearlstone of described drying and described molten state phase change material are carried out mixing in vacuum reaction still and reduced pressure treatment, to obtain pearlstone fixed phase change grain skeleton structure;
By described pearlstone fixed phase change grain skeleton structure cooling; And
Utilize coating material that the described pearlstone fixed phase change grain skeleton structure of cooling is carried out coated and maintenance, to obtain pearlstone fixed phase change particle,
Optionally, the weight ratio of described pearlstone and molten state phase change material is 1:(1 ~ 1.5),
Optionally, the temperature of described drying is 80 degrees Celsius, and the time is 24 hours,
Optionally, the pressure in described vacuum reaction still is 0.08 ~ 0.1MPa, and temperature is 40 ~ 50 degrees Celsius,
Optionally, described coated employing spray coating mode.
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