CN104609545B - Method and apparatus for biochemical treatment of high concentration nitrate wastewater - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for biochemical treatment of high concentration nitrate wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- CN104609545B CN104609545B CN201310541828.3A CN201310541828A CN104609545B CN 104609545 B CN104609545 B CN 104609545B CN 201310541828 A CN201310541828 A CN 201310541828A CN 104609545 B CN104609545 B CN 104609545B
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- denitrification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/06—Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms
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- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of environmental protection and water treatment, specifically to a method and an apparatus for biochemical treatment of high concentration nitrate wastewater. According to the present invention, oxides of iron and manganese are added to a denitrification treatment system and a limited organic carbon source and a small amount of sulfides are added to carry out enrichment and acclimation culture on denitrification activity sludge so as to improve the concentration and the settleability of the denitrification activity sludge in the denitrification treatment system and the synergetic denitrification capability of the related denitrification related flora, and then high concentration nitrate wastewater is subjected to the denitrification treatment in the denitrification activity sludge with the addition of the proper amount of the carbon source or the insufficient carbon source; and with the application of the method to treat the high concentration nitrate wastewater, the nitrite accumulation and the adverse impact of the nitrite accumulation on the denitrification flora can be eliminated in the case of the addition of the proper amount of the carbon source or the insufficient carbon source so as to improve the efficiency and the stability of the biological denitrification.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental conservation and water treatment field, a kind of biochemical treatment high concentration nitrate waste water
Method and device.
Background technology
High concentration nitrate waste water can be produced during industrial and agricultural production.Such as, ion exchange processes azotate pollution
The secondary waste water that water produces, its nitrate is typically between 500-1000mg/L.Uranium mining, process and use during
The waste water produced, its nitrate often exceeds 1500mg/L.Such concentration is considerably beyond the relevant drink of World Health Organization (WHO)
With the secure threshold (10mg/L) of water nitrate nitrogen.So high concentration nitrate waste water is not administered and is put into earth's surface or body of groundwater,
The azotate pollution of water body, the drinking water safety of the serious threat mankind can be caused.Nitrate has in being unfavorable for human body intestinal canal system
The activity of benefit functional flora, nitrate is combined with hemoglobin after being likely to be converted into nitrite in human body that to make it lose defeated
Oxygen ability, or be combined with organic amine material, generate the harmful substance having carcinogenesis.The azotate pollution of water is also unfavorable for
Aquatic product and livestock and poultry cultivation.
In order to eliminate the adverse effect of this kind of high concentration nitrate waste water, chemical reduction method or biological denitrification can be passed through
Method thoroughly removes the nitrate in waste water.Chemical reduction method, including active metal reducing process, catalytic reduction method and electrochemical reduction
Method, reaction rate is fast, but the selectivity with nitrogen as target product is wayward, the nitrite of generation or ammonium salt by-product
Needs continue with.
Biological denitrification method is the process that denitrifying bacteria is reduced to nitrogen with nitrate anion for electron acceptor, extensively should
Removal for waste water nitrate.Biological denitrification includes two main reduction steps, first from nitrate to nitrous acid hydrochlorate, so
After from nitrite to nitrogen.Generally, previous step is usually faster than later step, is thoroughly reduced to nitrogen at nitrate
Before, certain density Nitrite accumulation can be formed.Nitrite excessive buildup can produce suppression, fall to above-mentioned two step
Low denitrification rate.When in waste water, nitrate is the highest, the cumulative concentration of nitrite is easy to raise and produce substantially
Inhibitory action, significantly reduce whole denitrification rate.
Therefore, process stability and the efficiency of high concentration nitrate waste water in order to improve biological denitrification, find suitably
Approach, reduces Nitrite accumulation and inhibitory action thereof, is just particularly important.The environment that nitrite concentration is higher is tamed and dociled
Change denitrification flora, improve its toleration to nitrite, the inhibitory action of nitrite can be reduced to a certain extent, make
Obtain denitrification can go on.But, when nitrate concentration is the highest, accumulation and the inhibitory action thereof of nitrite just compare
It is difficult to control to, thus reduces denitrifying efficiency and stability.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides method and the device thereof of a kind of biochemical treatment high concentration nitrate waste water.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of method of biochemical treatment high concentration nitrate waste water: add ferrum and the oxidation of manganese in denitrification processing system
Thing, adds limited organic carbon source and a small amount of sulfide, denitrifying activated sludge is enriched with and tames cultivation, and then improves anti-
In nitration treatment system, the concentration of denitrifying activated sludge and settleability and relevant denitrification flora of being correlated with is collaborative except nitre ability,
Then in carbon source adds appropriate or not enough above-mentioned denitrifying activated sludge, denitrification processes high concentration nitrate waste water.
In described high concentration nitrate waste water, nitrate scope is 100-10000mg/L.
The addition of the oxide of described ferrum and manganese accounts for the 10-of denitrifying activated sludge quality in denitrification processing system
90%；Wherein the oxide of ferrum and manganese is manganese dioxide and ferrum oxide and/or Magnet.
The addition of described limited organic carbon source accounts for except the 90-70% of carbon source needed for all nitrate of denilrification system, also
Ortho states sulfur addition is 30-150mg/L.
Utilize in carbon source adds appropriate or not enough above-mentioned denitrifying activated sludge carbon dioxide and carbonate it
Between dynamic equilibrium, make described denitrification processing system pH maintain between 7.5-9.5 to carry out denitrification to process high concentration nitrate
Waste water.
Special purpose device:
Including former pond (1), denitrification reactor (2), the intrinsic pressure bascule of denitrification reactor (3), fluid-tight pond (4),
Carbon source supply pool (5), sulfide supply pool (6), effluent settling chamber (7) and excess sludge pond (8)；
Wherein, the outlet of former pond (1) is by the water inlet with valvular pipeline Yu denitrification reactor (2) sidewall
Being connected, the air inlet of the intrinsic pressure bascule of reactor (3) is communicated with denitrification reactor (2) upper end by pipeline, its gas outlet
Communicating with denitrification reactor (2) bottom with by pipeline, its excessive QI KOU connects sebific duct, and the other end of sebific duct immerses fluid-tight pond
(4) under interior liquid level；Carbon source supply pool (5), sulfide supply pool (6) and excess sludge pond (8) are respectively by carrying valvular pipe
Road is parallel with denitrification reactor (2) bottom feed mouth to be connected；
The outlet of denitrification reactor (2) sidewall is connected with effluent settling chamber (7) import by carrying valvular pipeline
Logical, the excess sludge outlet of effluent settling chamber (7) bottom is by carrying valvular pipeline to be connected with excess sludge pond (8).
Advantage for present invention: collaborative domestication nitre on the basis of improving denitrifying activated sludge concentration and settleability
Hydrochlorate reducing bacteria and nitrate reductase bacterium, and then nitrite can be reduced in the case of carbon source adds appropriate or deficiency
Accumulation and the adverse effect to denitrification flora thereof, improve denitrification and process efficiency and the stability of high concentration nitric acid waste water.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the device of the biochemical treatment high concentration nitrate method for waste water that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
The device of biochemical treatment high concentration nitrate method for waste water includes: former pond (1), denitrification reactor (2), anti-nitre
Change the intrinsic pressure bascule of reactor (3), fluid-tight pond (4), carbon source supply pool (5), sulfide supply pool (6), effluent settling chamber (7)
With excess sludge pond (8).Wherein, the outlet of former pond (1) is by carrying valvular pipeline and denitrification reactor (2) sidewall
Water inlet be connected, the air inlet of the intrinsic pressure bascule of reactor (3) is communicated with denitrification reactor (2) upper end by pipeline,
Its gas outlet communicates with denitrification reactor (2) bottom with by pipeline, and its excessive QI KOU connects sebific duct, the other end leaching of sebific duct
Enter under fluid-tight pond (4) interior liquid level；Carbon source supply pool (5), sulfide supply pool (6) and excess sludge pond (8) respectively by with
The pipeline of valve is parallel with denitrification reactor (2) bottom feed mouth to be connected.The outlet of denitrification reactor (2) sidewall leads to
Crossing and carry valvular pipeline to be connected with effluent settling chamber (7) import, the excess sludge outlet of effluent settling chamber (7) bottom is passed through
Valvular pipeline is carried to be connected with excess sludge pond (8).
Described denitrification reactor (2) high 100cm, internal diameter 9cm, effective volume is 5.0L.The intrinsic pressure bascule of reactor
(3) being the airbag of a 10L, its air inlet communicates with denitrification reactor (2) upper end, gas outlet and denitrification reactor (2)
Bottom communicate, the silica gel tube of overflow QI KOU and one end immersion fluid-tight pond (4) communicates.In denitrification process, every 10 minutes intervals, profit
With the carbon dioxide in the intrinsic pressure bascule of reactor (3), by a negative pressure pump, denitrification reactor (2) is carried out 15
The inner circulating aerating of second, the pH change in simultaneous buffering denitrification reactor (2)；When water inlet or draining, airbag is as intrinsic pressure
Adjusting means, it is to avoid oxygen enters denitrification reactor (2).
The process of denitrification process high concentration nitrate waste water:
In described denitrification reactor (2), the initial TS concentration of denitrifying activated sludge is about 5.0g/L, formally processes
Before, under the conditions of 20-24 DEG C, denitrifying activated sludge is enriched with and tames cultivation by batch-type.With the exchange rate of 50%, every time
Water inlet 2.5L, water inlet nitrate is stepped up 400,600 and 1200mg/L, the most all adding 150mg/L from 200mg/L
Sodium sulfide, the acetic acid of interpolation is then stepped up 3.5,5.3 from 1.8g, and 10.5g(is to remove carbon source amount needed for nitrate
About 80%).Adding once oxidation ferrum, Magnet and manganese dioxide under the conditions of each nitrate concentration, addition is respectively 10,2 and
1 gram, four concentration are added four times altogether, altogether 52g.Detect under the conditions of each nitrate concentration nitrite nitrogen at the end of denitrification
Residual concentration, if stable at below 10mg/L, then completes the domestication under the conditions of this.So domestication continues three months altogether, denitrification
Activated sludge TS concentration rises to 17g/L, and sludge volume index (SVI) is less than 15ml/g.The most described denitrification reactor (2) is opened
Begin the formal high concentration nitrate waste water that processes: with the exchange rate of 50%, to denitrification reactor (2) water inlet 2.5L, the nitre in water inlet
State nitrogen concentration 2500mg/L, adds acetic acid 21.5g(and accounts for the 98% of denitrifying carbon source demand in running), by reaction
The intrinsic pressure bascule of device (3), pH maintains between 8.0-9.0, and after 23 hours, denitrification terminates substantially, and nitrate nitrogen is remaining
28.8mg/L, nitrite remnants 3.6mg/L.
Embodiment 2
The structure of denitrification reactor (2) and the domestication of denitrifying activated sludge are same as in Example 1.
Biological denitrification processes high concentration nitrate waste water: with the exchange rate water inlet 2.5L of 50%, the nitrate nitrogen in water inlet is dense
Degree 5000mg/L, adds acetic acid 43g(and accounts for the 98% of denitrifying carbon source demand in running), by flattening in reactor
Weighing apparatus device (3), pH maintains between 8.5-9.0, and after 45 hours, denitrification terminates substantially, nitrate nitrogen remnants 45mg/L, nitrous state
Nitrogen remnants 4.3mg/L.
Embodiment 3
The structure of denitrification reactor (2) and the domestication of denitrifying activated sludge are same as in Example 1.
Biological denitrification processes high concentration nitrate waste water: the exchange rate with 50% is intake 2.5L every time, the nitre state in water inlet
Nitrogen concentration 10000mg/L, adds acetic acid 86g(and accounts for the 98% of denitrifying carbon source demand in running), by reactor
Pressure balanced device (3), pH maintains between 8.5-9.0, and after 82 hours, denitrification terminates substantially, nitrate nitrogen remnants 82.6mg/L,
Nitrite nitrogen remnants 5.9mg/L.
Claims (4)
1. the method for a biochemical treatment high concentration nitrate waste water, it is characterised in that: in denitrification processing system, add ferrum
With the oxide of manganese, add limited organic carbon source and a small amount of sulfide, denitrifying activated sludge be enriched with and tame cultivation,
And then improve the concentration of denitrifying activated sludge in denitrification processing system and settleability and relevant denitrification is correlated with flora association
With except nitre ability, then in carbon source adds appropriate or not enough above-mentioned denitrifying activated sludge, denitrification processes high concentration nitric acid
Salt waste water；
In described high concentration nitrate waste water, nitrate scope is 100-10000mg/L；
In described limited organic carbon source and a small amount of sulfide, the addition of limited organic carbon source accounts for except all nitre of denilrification system
The 90-70% of carbon source needed for hydrochlorate, in a small amount of sulfide, reduced sulfur addition is 30-150mg/L.
2. the method efficiently processing high concentration nitrate waste water as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The addition of the oxide of described ferrum and manganese accounts for the 10-90% of denitrifying activated sludge quality in denitrification processing system；
Wherein the oxide of ferrum and manganese is manganese dioxide and ferrum oxide and/or Magnet.
3. the method efficiently processing high concentration nitrate waste water as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Utilize between carbon dioxide and carbonate dynamic in carbon source adds appropriate or not enough above-mentioned denitrifying activated sludge
State balances, and makes described denitrification processing system pH maintain between 7.5-9.5 and carries out denitrification process high concentration nitrate waste water.
4. the special purpose device of the method efficiently processing high concentration nitrate waste water described in a claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Including former pond (1), denitrification reactor (2), the intrinsic pressure bascule of denitrification reactor (3), fluid-tight pond (4), carbon source
Supply pool (5), sulfide supply pool (6), effluent settling chamber (7) and excess sludge pond (8)；
Wherein, the outlet of former pond (1) is by the water inlet phase with valvular pipeline with denitrification reactor (2) sidewall
Even, the air inlet of the intrinsic pressure bascule of reactor (3) communicates with denitrification reactor (2) upper end by pipeline, its gas outlet and
Being communicated with denitrification reactor (2) bottom by pipeline, its excessive QI KOU connects sebific duct, and the other end of sebific duct immerses fluid-tight pond
(4) under interior liquid level；Carbon source supply pool (5), sulfide supply pool (6) and excess sludge pond (8) are respectively by carrying valvular pipe
Road is parallel with denitrification reactor (2) bottom feed mouth to be connected；
The outlet of denitrification reactor (2) sidewall, by carrying valvular pipeline to be connected with effluent settling chamber (7) import, goes out
The excess sludge outlet of bottom, water precipitation pond (7) is by carrying valvular pipeline to be connected with excess sludge pond (8).
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| CN105347613B (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2018-07-06 | 广州乾峰环境治理工程有限公司 | A kind of municipal wastewater depth bed denitrogenation dephosphorizing treatment process |
| CN112390380A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-23 | 合肥工业大学 | Functional material for removing nitrate nitrogen in water and preparation and application methods thereof |
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| CN101973666B (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2012-04-18 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Method for synchronously removing heavy metal and nitrate from drinking water and device thereof |
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