CN104598652B - A kind of data base query method and device - Google Patents
A kind of data base query method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104598652B CN104598652B CN201510092451.7A CN201510092451A CN104598652B CN 104598652 B CN104598652 B CN 104598652B CN 201510092451 A CN201510092451 A CN 201510092451A CN 104598652 B CN104598652 B CN 104598652B
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- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/24—Querying
- G06F16/245—Query processing
- G06F16/2453—Query optimisation
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- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/24—Querying
- G06F16/245—Query processing
- G06F16/2453—Query optimisation
- G06F16/24534—Query rewriting; Transformation
- G06F16/24535—Query rewriting; Transformation of sub-queries or views
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of data base query method and device, belong to Internet technical field.Method includes:The inquiry request for target matrix is received, the inquiry request includes querying condition;Obtain the global index corresponding with the target matrix, the global index is the corresponding relation of the partition field data in the target matrix and index field data, and the index field is other fields in addition to the partition field in the target matrix;Inquiry meets the partition field data of the querying condition in the global index;Divide in each storage corresponding to the target matrix in storehouse, inquiry meets inquiry record corresponding to the partition field data of the querying condition.Present invention reduces the amount of calculation in the query process for other fields beyond partition field, the search efficiency in the query process is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to database field, more particularly to a kind of data base query method and device.
Background technology
With the development of internet, information content is incremented by with geometry rank, and data volume is increasing in legacy data storehouse, to whole
It is increasingly longer to open the time that the mode that tables of data is inquired about is consumed.
In order to reduce the query time to tables of data, by original tables of data using one of critical field as partition field
Horizontal fractionation is carried out, the record of legacy data table is dispersed in multiple points of storehouses, and is recorded between partition field and each point of storehouse
Corresponding relation.Such as:Include the fields such as id, name, creat_time totally one ten thousand records in Table A, using id as partition word
Section is divided into 10 points of storehouses, wherein each preserving 1,000 records in point storehouse.It is first in the query process for decoupling field
Point storehouse where first inquiring about the partition field in the corresponding relation between partition field and each point of storehouse, and in point storehouse inquired
In be directly obtained corresponding to the partition field inquiry record.
Inventor has found that prior art at least has problems with:
For the query process of other fields beyond partition field, then need to be looked into multiple or even all points of storehouses
Ask, partial query demand can produce the intermediate data and extra computation for being multiple times than Query Result, therefore cause query time to disappear
Consumption process, system consumption resource is excessive, and search efficiency is low.
The content of the invention
In order to solve problem of the prior art, the embodiments of the invention provide a kind of data base query method and device.Institute
It is as follows to state technical scheme:
On the one hand, there is provided a kind of database checking method, methods described include:
The inquiry request for target matrix is received, the inquiry request includes querying condition;
The global index corresponding with the target matrix is obtained, the global index is in the target matrix
The corresponding relation of field data and index field data is decoupled, the index field is to remove the partition in the target matrix
Other fields beyond field;
Inquiry meets the partition field data of the querying condition in the global index;
Divide in each storage corresponding to the target matrix in storehouse, inquiry meets the partition field data of the querying condition
Corresponding inquiry record.
Optionally, the acquisition global index corresponding with the target matrix, including:
Obtain the field to be checked in the querying condition;
Index field data are obtained in the corresponding global index of the target matrix and belong to the field to be checked
Global index.
Optionally, the inquiry in the global index meets the partition field data of the querying condition, including:
In the global index that index field data belong to for the field to be checked, inquiry meets the querying condition
Field data to be checked, and will meet that field data is decoupled corresponding to the field data to be checked of the querying condition to be defined as completely
The partition field data of the foot querying condition.
Optionally, described to divide in each storage corresponding to the target matrix in storehouse, inquiry meets the querying condition
Inquiry record corresponding to field data is decoupled, including:
In the partition field data prestored with the corresponding relation in storage point storehouse, obtaining and meeting the querying condition
Storage corresponding to partition field data divides storehouse;
It is determined that the storage divide in storehouse, inquiry meets inquiry note corresponding to the partition field data of the querying condition
Record.
Optionally, methods described also includes:
The renewal request for the target matrix is received, is comprised at least in the renewal request involved by renewal
Field data is decoupled, is updated the data corresponding to field to be updated and the field to be updated;
In the corresponding global index of the target matrix, obtain index field data and belong to the field to be updated
Global index;
Updating the data in the partition field data and the field to be updated according to involved by the renewal, renewal index
Field data belongs to the global index of the field to be updated.
On the other hand, there is provided a kind of database looks into device, and described device includes:
First receiving module, for receiving the inquiry request for target matrix, the inquiry request includes inquiry
Condition;
First acquisition module, for obtaining the global index corresponding with the target matrix, the global index is
The corresponding relation of partition field data and index field data in the target matrix, the index field is the target
Other fields in tables of data in addition to the partition field;
First enquiry module, the partition field data of the querying condition is met for being inquired about in the global index;
Second enquiry module, for dividing in each storage corresponding to the target matrix in storehouse, inquiry meets the inquiry
Inquiry record corresponding to the partition field data of condition.
Optionally, first acquisition module, including:
First acquisition unit, for obtaining the field to be checked in the querying condition;
Second acquisition unit, for obtaining index field data category in the corresponding global index of the target matrix
In the global index of the field to be checked.
Optionally, first enquiry module is used for:
In the global index that index field data belong to for the field to be checked, inquiry meets the querying condition
Field data to be checked, and will meet that field data is decoupled corresponding to the field data to be checked of the querying condition to be defined as completely
The partition field data of the foot querying condition.
Optionally, second enquiry module, including:
3rd acquiring unit, in corresponding relation of the partition field data prestored with storing point storehouse, obtaining
Meet storage point storehouse corresponding to the partition field data of the querying condition;
Query unit, for it is determined that the storage divide in storehouse, inquiry meets the partition Field Count of the querying condition
Recorded according to corresponding inquiry.
Optionally, described device also includes:
Second receiving module, the renewal that the target matrix is directed to for receiving are asked, in the renewal request extremely
It is few to include the involved partition field data of renewal, updated the data corresponding to field to be updated and the field to be updated;
Second acquisition module, in the corresponding global index of the target matrix, obtaining index field data
Belong to the global index of the field to be updated;
Update module, for the renewal in the partition field data according to involved by the renewal and the field to be updated
Data, renewal index field data belong to the global index of the field to be updated.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme provided in an embodiment of the present invention is brought is:
When receiving the inquiry request for target matrix, the corresponding global index of target matrix is obtained, and
Inquiry meets the partition field data of querying condition in the global index, finally divides storehouse in each storage corresponding to target matrix
In, inquiry meets inquiry record corresponding to the partition field data of querying condition, obtains final Query Result.Reduce and be directed to
The amount of calculation in the query process of other fields beyond field is decoupled, improves the search efficiency in the query process.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodiment
Accompanying drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, other can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings
Accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the data base query method flow chart that the embodiment of the present invention one provides;
Fig. 2 is overall architecture schematic diagram in the data base query method that the embodiment of the present invention one provides;
Fig. 3 is the data base query method flow chart that the embodiment of the present invention two provides;
Fig. 4 is the method flow diagram that global index is updated in the data base query method that the embodiment of the present invention three provides;
Fig. 5 is the database inquiry device structural representation that the embodiment of the present invention four provides.
Embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to embodiment party of the present invention
Formula is described in further detail.
Embodiment one
The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of data base query method, referring to Fig. 1.
101:The inquiry request for target matrix is received, inquiry request includes querying condition;
102:The global index corresponding with target matrix is obtained, global index is the partition field in target matrix
The corresponding relation of data and index field data, index field are other fields in addition to field is decoupled in target matrix;
103:Inquiry meets the partition field data of querying condition in global index;
104:Divide in each storage corresponding to target matrix in storehouse, inquiry meets that the partition field data of querying condition is corresponding
Inquiry record.
Wherein, in database in each tables of data according to query demand, previously generate global corresponding to each tables of data
Index, wherein global index corresponding to each tables of data can be one or more.Such as:Include field in Table A:Id,
Name, creat_time etc., Table A as partition field after partition is handled according to query demand can be distinguished according to id
Generate id field datas and the global index of the corresponding relation of name field datas, and id field datas and creat_time words
The global index of the corresponding relation of segment data.Above-mentioned two global index can be arranged in different database servers and carry out
Safeguard to avoid the data volume of global index is excessive from causing that over-burden to server, same database clothes can also be arranged at
Safeguarded in business device, further, if the data volume of global index exceedes certain predetermined threshold value, the overall situation can also be directed to
Index is decoupled to obtain multiple index partitions corresponding to same global index.Wherein, global index is loaded in advance
In internal memory in database server, and carry out in internal memory the inquiry operation to global index.
Further, behaviour can also be regularly backed up in other database servers for each global index
Make.
Wherein, the overall architecture of the embodiment of the present invention is as shown in Fig. 2 wherein unified interface is the inquiry to database, increased
The communication interface of operation such as add, delete, changing;Routing layer includes each partition field generation in each tables of data of database
Each global index, such as:Global index 1_1, global index 1_2, global index 2;Wherein, global index 1_1 and global rope
Draw 1_2 and belong to the global index for including same partition field, as above " pair of id field datas and name field datas in example
The global index that should be related to " and " id field datas and the global index of the corresponding relation of creat_time field datas ".Data
Storehouse system safeguards each global index in routing layer, and any write operation being related in database can all update corresponding global rope
Draw.Wherein, each point of storehouse corresponding to each tables of data is also included in overall architecture, each point of storehouse is made a distinction by subregion key mark.
In addition, also include routing layer backup in overall architecture, it is each in routing layer backup meeting periodic synchronization routing layer
Individual global index carries out backup operation.
Optionally, global index can share on disparate databases server and safeguard, a database server is safeguarded
One global index, avoiding indexing excessive unit to bear.If single database server can not bear one it is larger complete
Office's index, can be indexed subregion according to the service condition of the index.
It is corresponding to obtain target matrix when receiving the inquiry request for target matrix for the embodiment of the present invention
Global index, and inquiry meets the partition field data of querying condition in the global index, it is finally corresponding in target matrix
Each storage divide in storehouse, inquiry meets inquiry record corresponding to the partition field data of querying condition, obtains final inquiry knot
Fruit.Reduce for the amount of calculation in the query process of other fields beyond partition field, improve looking into the query process
Ask efficiency.
Embodiment two
The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of data base query method, referring to Fig. 3.
301:The inquiry request for target matrix is received, inquiry request includes querying condition.
Wherein, the querying condition in inquiry request can be query sentence of database.Accordingly, need to wrap in query statement
Include target matrix to be checked, field and condition to be checked.Such as:SELECT*from name WHERE birthday
=' 2011-04-08', wherein name be target matrix to be checked, birthday is the field to be checked in the name tables,
Condition for belong in inquiry birthday fields ' 2011-04-08' record.
302:The global index corresponding with target matrix is obtained, global index is the partition field in target matrix
The corresponding relation of data and index field data, index field are other fields in addition to field is decoupled in target matrix.
Wherein, step 302 can be realized by following steps:
3021:Obtain the field to be checked in querying condition;
3022:Index field data are obtained in the corresponding global index of target matrix and belong to the complete of field to be checked
Office's index.
Such as:Include field in Table A:Id, name, creat_time, Table A are carried out according to id fields as partition field
Partition processing, target matrix is A in the inquiry request received, and field to be checked is creat_time fields, condition is
Inquire about creat_time fields 100 records nearest in one day.Therefore, need to obtain in step 202 complete corresponding to A tables
Index field data belong to the global index of creat_time fields in office's index, are id field datas and creat_ accordingly
The global index of the corresponding relation of time field datas.
303:Inquiry meets the partition field data of querying condition in global index.
Wherein, step 303 can be realized by following steps:
In the global index that index field data belong to for field to be checked, inquiry meets the word to be checked of querying condition
Segment data, and will meet that field data is decoupled corresponding to the field data to be checked of querying condition to be defined as meeting querying condition
Decouple field data.
Specifically, query process is in the corresponding relation of id field datas and creat_time field datas, inquiry is full
Sufficient creat_time field datas 100 records nearest in one day, wherein inquire first 100 meet querying condition
Creat_time field datas, and be defined as field data is decoupled corresponding to each creat_time field datas inquired
Meet the partition field data of querying condition, now obtain 100 partition field datas.
304:Divide in each storage corresponding to target matrix in storehouse, inquiry meets that the partition field data of querying condition is corresponding
Inquiry record.
Wherein, step 304 can be realized by following steps:
3041:In the partition field data prestored with the corresponding relation in storage point storehouse, obtaining and meeting querying condition
Partition field data corresponding to storage divide storehouse.
Wherein, execution this step by obtained in step 303 100 partition fields one by one, determines 100 partition one by one
Storage divides the mark in storehouse corresponding to each in field.Accordingly, it can determine whether out each partition field in 100 partition fields
It is corresponding to store the mark for dividing storehouse.
3042:It is determined that storage divide in storehouse, inquiry meets inquiry record corresponding to the partition field data of querying condition.
In units of each storage point storehouse for meeting condition, generation divides query statement corresponding to storehouse for each storage, its
Querying condition is " partition field corresponds to the partition field data for belonging to the storage point storehouse in above-mentioned 100 partition field data ".
Prior art realizes the query process of example in step 302 if desired, then needs to select in each point of storehouse
100 records for meeting condition are taken, then the record chosen in each point of storehouse is ranked up, 100 records before final selection.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of method that global index is updated in data base query method, should referring to Fig. 4
Method includes:
401:The renewal received for target matrix is asked, and the involved partition of renewal is comprised at least in renewal request
Updated the data corresponding to field data, field to be updated and field to be updated.
It is required for being updated global index in the renewal operation every time for target matrix, so as to follow-up inquiry
During can ensure that the data in global index are newest content, and then ensure find correctly inquiry record.Wherein,
Renewal operation can include:Increase the modes such as record, deletion record, modification record.
402:In the corresponding global index of target matrix, obtain index field data and belong to the complete of field to be updated
Office's index.
The global index involved firstly the need of this renewal is found, that is, index field is obtained as in this renewal request
The global index of field to be updated.
403:Updating the data in renewal involved partition field data and field to be updated, updates index field
Data belong to the global index of field to be updated.
The partition field included according to renewal request, search pair needed to partition field data and index field data
The record that middle needs are updated should be related to, and updating the data in field to be updated updates the record.
It is corresponding to obtain target matrix when receiving the inquiry request for target matrix for the embodiment of the present invention
Global index, and inquiry meets the partition field data of querying condition in the global index, it is finally corresponding in target matrix
Each storage divide in storehouse, inquiry meets inquiry record corresponding to the partition field data of querying condition, obtains final inquiry knot
Fruit.Reduce for the amount of calculation in the query process of other fields beyond partition field, improve looking into the query process
Ask efficiency.
Embodiment three
The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of database inquiry device, and referring to Fig. 5, the device includes:
First receiving module 501, for receiving the inquiry request for target matrix, inquiry request includes inquiring about bar
Part;
First acquisition module 502, for obtaining the global index corresponding with target matrix, global index is number of targets
According to the corresponding relation of the partition field data in table and index field data, index field is except partition field in target matrix
Other fields in addition;
First enquiry module 503, the partition field data of querying condition is met for being inquired about in global index;
Second enquiry module 504, for dividing in each storage corresponding to target matrix in storehouse, inquiry meets querying condition
Decouple inquiry record corresponding to field data.
Wherein, the first acquisition module 501, including:
First acquisition unit, for obtaining the field to be checked in querying condition;
Second acquisition unit, belong to and treat for obtaining index field data in the corresponding global index of target matrix
Inquire about the global index of field.
Wherein, the first enquiry module 503 is used for:
In the global index that index field data belong to for field to be checked, inquiry meets the word to be checked of querying condition
Segment data, and will meet that field data is decoupled corresponding to the field data to be checked of querying condition to be defined as meeting querying condition
Decouple field data.
Wherein, the second enquiry module 504, including:
3rd acquiring unit, in corresponding relation of the partition field data prestored with storing point storehouse, obtaining
Meet storage point storehouse corresponding to the partition field data of querying condition;
Query unit, for it is determined that storage divide in storehouse, inquiry meet corresponding to the partition field data of querying condition
Inquiry record.
Wherein, device also includes:
Second receiving module 505, the renewal that target matrix is directed to for receiving are asked, and are comprised at least in renewal request
Involved partition field data is updated, is updated the data corresponding to field to be updated and field to be updated;
Second acquisition module 506, in the corresponding global index of target matrix, obtaining index field data category
In the global index of field to be updated;
Update module 507, for updating the data in the partition field data and field to be updated involved according to renewal,
Renewal index field data belong to the global index of field to be updated.
It is corresponding to obtain target matrix when receiving the inquiry request for target matrix for the embodiment of the present invention
Global index, and inquiry meets the partition field data of querying condition in the global index, it is finally corresponding in target matrix
Each storage divide in storehouse, inquiry meets inquiry record corresponding to the partition field data of querying condition, obtains final inquiry knot
Fruit.Reduce for the amount of calculation in the query process of other fields beyond partition field, improve looking into the query process
Ask efficiency.
The embodiments of the present invention are for illustration only, do not represent the quality of embodiment.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that hardware can be passed through by realizing all or part of step of above-described embodiment
To complete, by program the hardware of correlation can also be instructed to complete, described program can be stored in a kind of computer-readable
In storage medium, storage medium mentioned above can be read-only storage, disk or CD etc..
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of data base query method, it is characterised in that methods described includes:
The inquiry request for target matrix is received, the inquiry request includes querying condition;
The global index corresponding with the target matrix is obtained, the global index is the partition in the target matrix
The corresponding relation of field data and index field data, the index field are to remove the partition field in the target matrix
Other fields in addition, the global index of the acquisition belong to the global index of field to be checked for index field data;
Inquiry meets the partition field data of the querying condition in the global index;
Divide in each storage corresponding to the target matrix in storehouse, inquiry meets that the partition field data of the querying condition is corresponding
Inquiry record.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that described to obtain the overall situation corresponding with the target matrix
Index, including:
Obtain the field to be checked in the querying condition;
Index field data are obtained in the corresponding global index of the target matrix and belong to the complete of the field to be checked
Office's index.
3. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterised in that the inquiry in the global index meets the inquiry
The partition field data of condition, including:
In the global index that index field data belong to for the field to be checked, inquiry meets the to be checked of the querying condition
Field data is ask, and will meet that field data is decoupled corresponding to the field data to be checked of the querying condition to be defined as meeting institute
State the partition field data of querying condition.
4. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that described to divide storehouse in each storage corresponding to the target matrix
In, inquiry meets inquiry record corresponding to the partition field data of the querying condition, including:
In the partition field data prestored with the corresponding relation in storage point storehouse, obtaining the partition for meeting the querying condition
Storage divides storehouse corresponding to field data;
It is determined that the storage divide in storehouse, inquiry meets inquiry record corresponding to the partition field data of the querying condition.
5. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that methods described also includes:
The renewal received for the target matrix is asked, and the involved partition of renewal is comprised at least in the renewal request
Updated the data corresponding to field data, field to be updated and the field to be updated;
In the corresponding global index of the target matrix, obtain index field data and belong to the complete of the field to be updated
Office's index;
Updating the data in the partition field data and the field to be updated according to involved by the renewal, update index field
Data belong to the global index of the field to be updated.
6. a kind of database inquiry device, it is characterised in that described device includes:
First receiving module, for receiving the inquiry request for target matrix, the inquiry request includes querying condition;
First acquisition module, for obtaining the global index corresponding with the target matrix, the global index is described
The corresponding relation of partition field data and index field data in target matrix, the index field is the target data
Other fields in table in addition to the partition field, the global index of the acquisition belong to word to be checked for index field data
The global index of section;
First enquiry module, the partition field data of the querying condition is met for being inquired about in the global index;
Second enquiry module, for dividing in each storage corresponding to the target matrix in storehouse, inquiry meets the querying condition
Partition field data corresponding to inquiry record.
7. device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that first acquisition module, including:
First acquisition unit, for obtaining the field to be checked in the querying condition;
Second acquisition unit, belong to institute for obtaining index field data in the corresponding global index of the target matrix
State the global index of field to be checked.
8. device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that first enquiry module is used for:
In the global index that index field data belong to for the field to be checked, inquiry meets the to be checked of the querying condition
Field data is ask, and will meet that field data is decoupled corresponding to the field data to be checked of the querying condition to be defined as meeting institute
State the partition field data of querying condition.
9. device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that second enquiry module, including:
3rd acquiring unit, in corresponding relation of the partition field data prestored with storing point storehouse, obtaining and meeting
Storage divides storehouse corresponding to the partition field data of the querying condition;
Query unit, for it is determined that the storage divide in storehouse, inquiry meets the partition field data pair of the querying condition
The inquiry record answered.
10. device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described device also includes:
Second receiving module, the renewal that the target matrix is directed to for receiving are asked, and are at least wrapped in the renewal request
The involved partition field data of renewal is included, is updated the data corresponding to field to be updated and the field to be updated;
Second acquisition module, belong to in the corresponding global index of the target matrix, obtaining index field data
The global index of the field to be updated;
Update module, for the renewal number in the partition field data according to involved by the renewal and the field to be updated
According to renewal index field data belong to the global index of the field to be updated.
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CN106802891A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-06-06 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | The querying method of the non-burst field of distributed data base, system and equipment |
CN106959970B (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2022-04-19 | 北京搜狗科技发展有限公司 | Word bank, processing method and device of word bank and device for processing word bank |
CN110019211A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-07-16 | 北京京东尚科信息技术有限公司 | The methods, devices and systems of association index |
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CN102999519A (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2013-03-27 | 上海盛付通电子商务有限公司 | Read-write method and system for database |
CN102999526A (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2013-03-27 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | Splitting and inquiring method and system of database relational table |
CN103020054A (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2013-04-03 | 深圳市金蝶中间件有限公司 | Fuzzy query method and system |
CN104008199A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-08-27 | 北京京东尚科信息技术有限公司 | Data inquiring method |
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