CN104598293A - Online snapshot method and equipment - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an online snapshot method and online snapshot equipment, wherein the online snapshot method comprises the following steps that a virtual machine receives an online snapshot command; before the virtual machine finishes the online snapshot, the virtual machine copies a first memory block so as to obtain a second memory block same as the first memory block if data in the first memory block need to be modified; the virtual machine points a first pointer of a second-level index table to the first memory block, and points a second pointer of the second-level index table to the second memory block; the virtual machine inquires the second-level index table according to the address of present to-be-written data, and modifies the data in the second memory block which are pointed by the second pointer of the second-level index table; the virtual machine inquires the second-level index table according to the address of to-be-snapshot data, and performs snapshot processing on the data in the first memory block which is pointed by the first pointer of the second-level index table. In an embodiment of the invention, when the virtual machine receives the online snapshot command, the read-write operation of the virtual machine needs no pause, and the service interruption of the virtual machine cannot be caused.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication technical field, especially relate to a kind of method and apparatus of online snapshot.
Background technology
Along with improving constantly of hardware speed, the performance of physical server promotes greatly, and the utilization rate of the part physical server in data center declines to some extent, in order to improve the hardware utilization of physical server, reduce the O&M cost of data center, Intel Virtualization Technology obtains and develops on a large scale very much.By software virtual machine, can simulate one or more virtual machine on physical server, these virtual machines carry out work completely just as real computing machine, such as can installing operating system, set up applications, accesses network resource etc.From the angle of user, it just operates in an application program on physical server, but for the application program run in virtual machine, it similarly is carry out work in real computing machine.
In virtual machine snapshot technology, virtual machine snapshot is divided into off-line snapshot and online snapshot, off-line snapshot is the duplicate of disk file at certain time point of virtual machine, online snapshot be the disk file of virtual machine and run time use the duplicate of interior certain time point of existence.The duplicate that virtual machine snapshot produces is kept in disk file, and when dummy machine system collapse or system exception, the duplicate produced by virtual machine snapshot can recover corresponding data, thus the internal storage data of file system on available protecting disk and virtual machine.
In prior art, when the virtual machine run receives online snapshot command, suspend the read-write operation of this virtual machine, and with the internal memory that uses when running, snapshot process is carried out to the disk file of virtual machine, after snapshot process completes, recover the read-write operation of this virtual machine, continue externally to provide read-write service.
Because online fast note suspends the read-write operation of virtual machine, therefore the service disconnection of virtual machine can be caused, and the time of service disconnection is directly proportional to the internal memory that virtual machine uses, if the internal memory that virtual machine uses is excessive, then can cause the overlong time of virtual machine service disconnection, the use sense having a strong impact on user is subject to.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method of online snapshot, said method comprising the steps of:
Virtual machine receives online snapshot command;
Described virtual machine, before completing online snapshot, if need the data in amendment first memory block, then copies described first memory block, to obtain second memory block identical with described first memory block;
Described virtual machine by the first memory block described in the first pointed of second level concordance list, and by the second memory block described in the second pointed of described second level concordance list; Wherein, described first pointer is used in reference to the memory block to carrying out online snapshot process, and described second pointer is used in reference to the memory block to carrying out data write process; Data in described first memory block are specifically for carrying out online snapshot process, and the data in described second memory block are specifically for carrying out data write process;
Second level concordance list described in the address lookup that described virtual machine utilizes current data to be written, and the data in the second memory block of the second pointed of described second level concordance list are modified;
Described virtual machine utilizes second level concordance list described in the current address lookup treating snapshot data, and carries out snapshot process to the data in the first memory block of the first pointed of described second level concordance list.
Described virtual machine carries out snapshot process to the data in the first memory block of the first pointed of described second level concordance list, also comprises afterwards:
Described virtual machine is after completing online snapshot, and described virtual machine deletes the data in described first memory block, and by the second memory block described in the first pointed of described second level concordance list.
Described method comprises further:
Described virtual machine generates memory address structure corresponding to data address, and described memory address structure comprises first order concordance list, second level concordance list and third level block address memory table; 3rd pointed second level concordance list of described first order concordance list, the first pointer of described second level concordance list and the second pointed third level block address memory table, the corresponding memory block in each address of described third level block address memory table.
Described method comprises further:
In the process of second level concordance list described in the address lookup that described virtual machine utilizes current data to be written, described virtual machine determines the first order index that the address of current data to be written is corresponding, and inquires about described second level concordance list by the 3rd pointer that first order index is corresponding in described first order concordance list;
Described virtual machine utilizes in the process of second level concordance list described in the current address lookup treating snapshot data, described virtual machine determines the current first order index that the address of snapshot data is corresponding for the treatment of, and inquires about described second level concordance list by the 3rd pointer that first order index is corresponding in described first order concordance list.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of virtual machine, and described virtual machine specifically comprises:
Receiver module, for receiving online snapshot command;
Obtain module, for before completing online snapshot, if need the data in amendment first memory block, then copy described first memory block, to obtain second memory block identical with described first memory block;
List item administration module, for by the first memory block described in the first pointed of second level concordance list, and by the second memory block described in the second pointed of described second level concordance list; Wherein, described first pointer is used in reference to the memory block to carrying out online snapshot process, and described second pointer is used in reference to the memory block to carrying out data write process; Data in described first memory block are specifically for carrying out online snapshot process, and the data in described second memory block are specifically for carrying out data write process;
Processing module, for utilize current data to be written address lookup described in second level concordance list, and the data in the second memory block of the second pointed of described second level concordance list to be modified;
Utilize second level concordance list described in the current address lookup treating snapshot data, and snapshot process is carried out to the data in the first memory block of the first pointed of second level concordance list.
Described list item administration module, after the data be further used in the first memory block of the first pointed to described second level concordance list carry out snapshot process, after completing online snapshot, delete the data in described first memory block, and by the second memory block described in the first pointed of described second level concordance list.
Described list item administration module, also for generating memory address structure corresponding to data address, described memory address structure comprises first order concordance list, second level concordance list and third level block address memory table; 3rd pointed second level concordance list of described first order concordance list, the first pointer of described second level concordance list and the second pointed third level block address memory table, the corresponding memory block in each address of described third level block address memory table.
Described processing module, specifically in the process utilizing second level concordance list described in the address lookup of current data to be written, determine the first order index that the address of current data to be written is corresponding, and inquire about described second level concordance list by the 3rd pointer that first order index is corresponding in described first order concordance list;
In the process utilizing second level concordance list described in the current address lookup treating snapshot data, determine the current first order index that the address of snapshot data is corresponding for the treatment of, and inquire about described second level concordance list by the 3rd pointer that first order index is corresponding in described first order concordance list.
Based on technique scheme, in the embodiment of the present invention, when the virtual machine run receives online snapshot command, do not need the read-write operation suspending virtual machine, and snapshot process can be carried out to the internal memory that the uses when disk file of virtual machine and operation, therefore can not cause the service disconnection of virtual machine, the business of virtual machine can not be subject to the impact of online snapshot, and the data revised during online snapshot can not be lost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the memory address structure proposed in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the method flow schematic diagram of a kind of online snapshot that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 3 be the embodiment of the present invention provide copy the schematic diagram that the first memory block obtains the second memory block;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of a kind of virtual machine that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Embodiment
For problems of the prior art, embodiments provide a kind of method of online snapshot, the method is used for carrying out online snapshot process to the current virtual machine run, this virtual machine includes but not limited to KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine, kernel level Intel Virtualization Technology) virtual machine.
In the embodiment of the present invention, virtual machine needs to generate memory address structure corresponding to data address, and this memory address structure specifically comprises first order concordance list (L1_index table), second level concordance list (L2_index table) and third level block address memory table (Cluster (bunch) memory block table).Wherein, the 3rd pointed second level concordance list of first order concordance list, the first pointer of second level concordance list and the second pointed third level block address memory table, the corresponding memory block in each address of third level block address memory table.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the Memory Allocation that virtual machine is simulated is realized with the form of internal memory address structure (i.e. 3 grades of catalogues), the afterbody of memory address structure is third level block address memory table, the corresponding memory block in each address of third level block address memory table, the size of this memory block can be 1M, 4M, 16M, 32M etc., the distribution of all internal memories is all carry out distributing and using in units of memory block, and real internal storage data is stored in one or more memory block.The first order of memory address structure is first order concordance list, the second level of memory address structure is second level concordance list, first order concordance list and second level concordance list are catalogue listings, memory block can be inquired by first order concordance list and second level concordance list, namely in order to concrete memory block is found in location, base area, inquiry first order concordance list and second level concordance list is needed.
As shown in Figure 1, for the schematic diagram of memory address structure, suppose that the memory address of virtual machine is 32, the size of memory block is 1M, the value of first order concordance list is first 4 of address, the value of second level concordance list is 8 (i.e. 5-8 positions) next, and remaining is third level block address memory table, i.e. memory block index.Suppose that the data address of internal memory to be written is 0X388B3310, then virtual machine generates memory address structure corresponding to this data address, the value of the first order concordance list of this memory address structure is 3, and the value of second level concordance list is 88, and the index in third level block address memory table is B3310.3rd pointed second level concordance list (88) of the value (3) of first order concordance list, first pointer of second level concordance list (88) and the second pointer all point to third level block address memory table (B3310), and the corresponding memory block of address B3310 in third level block address memory table (B3310), the position namely offseting B3310 in memory block is real core position.
In the embodiment of the present invention, based on above-mentioned memory address structure, suppose to need the data to address 0X388B3310 to modify, then virtual machine inquires about first order concordance list (namely inquiring the position at first order index 3 place from first order concordance list) by first order index 3, and inquires second level concordance list by the 3rd pointer that first order index 3 is corresponding in first order concordance list.Virtual machine inquires about each second level concordance list of the 3rd pointed by second level index 88, to obtain the second level concordance list (namely inquiring the position at second level index 88 place from the concordance list of the second level) of second level index 88 correspondence, and inquire third level block address memory table by the first pointer corresponding in this second level concordance list of second level index 88 or the second pointer.Further, virtual machine inquires about each third level block address memory table of the first pointer or the second pointed by third level index B3310, to obtain third level block address memory table corresponding to third level index B3310 (namely inquiring the position at third level index B331088 place from third level block address memory table), and third level index B3310 represents the position offseting B3310 in this memory block, be the position of this internal memory real.
Based on above-mentioned memory address structure, as shown in Figure 2, the method for this online snapshot comprises the following steps:
Step 201, virtual machine receives online snapshot command, and as user issues snapshot (snapshot) order to virtual machine, virtual machine receives online snapshot command, and carries out snapshot process to the internal memory that uses during operation.
In the embodiment of the present invention, when the virtual machine run receives online snapshot command, do not need the read-write operation suspending this virtual machine, and with the internal memory that uses when running, snapshot process is carried out to the disk file of virtual machine.When carrying out snapshot process to the disk file of virtual machine, processing mode is same as the prior art, does not repeat them here.When running virtual machine, the internal memory that uses carries out snapshot process, after virtual machine receives online snapshot command, can not suspend virtual machine, but directly be written in disk file by all internal memories of current for virtual machine use, during to run virtual machine, the internal memory that uses carries out snapshot process.
Step 202, virtual machine is before completing online snapshot, if need the data in amendment first memory block, then virtual machine copies this first memory block, to obtain second memory block identical with this first memory block.
In the embodiment of the present invention, when virtual machine just in use, virtual machine use memory block in data may be modified.Owing to needing the regular hour when virtual machine carries out online snapshot, the action of online snapshot cannot instantaneously complete, and therefore, in the process of carrying out online snapshot, before namely virtual machine completes online snapshot, the data in the memory block that virtual machine uses can be modified.Suppose the current data needed in amendment first memory block, then virtual machine copies this first memory block, to obtain second memory block identical with the first memory block.As shown in Figure 3, for virtual machine copies the schematic diagram that the first memory block obtains the second memory block.
Wherein, when the data in multiple memory blocks that virtual machine uses are modified, then virtual machine needs to copy this multiple memory block respectively, to obtain the identical multiple memory blocks of memory block multiple with this.
Wherein, virtual machine is when copying the first memory block, and virtual machine can adopt COW (Copy OnWrite, copy-on-write) reprography first memory block.Further, COW technology is a kind of fast data access without lock mechanism, use scenes is: multiple thread or process read, and read operation pressure ratio is larger, the application scenarios that write operation pressure is smaller, namely multiple read operation is shared and is read same memory block, but during write operation, copy a former memory block, modify in the memory block copied.
Step 203, virtual machine by the first pointed first memory block of second level concordance list, and by the second pointed second memory block of second level concordance list.Wherein, the first memory block is the memory block before virtual machine copies, the data in this first memory block specifically for carrying out online snapshot process, namely virtual machine copy before memory block in data for carrying out online snapshot process.Second memory block is the memory block identical with the first memory block after virtual machine copies, the data in this second memory block specifically for carry out data write process, namely virtual machine copy after memory block in data for carry out data write process.
In the embodiment of the present invention, second level concordance list comprises the first pointer and the second pointer, and the first pointer is used in reference to original memory block, and the second pointer is used in reference to new memory block, and new memory block is the memory block after copying original memory block.Further, the first pointer is used in reference to the memory block to carrying out online snapshot process, namely virtual machine copy before the first memory block; Second pointer be used in reference to can carry out data write process memory block, namely virtual machine copy after the second memory block.
Based on this, if virtual machine does not copy the first memory block, then the first memory block is original memory block, and do not exist this original memory block corresponding copy after memory block, therefore, virtual machine by the first pointed first memory block of second level concordance list, and by the second pointed first memory block of second level concordance list.Further, if virtual machine copies the first memory block, and obtain second memory block identical with this first memory block, then the first memory block is original memory block, second memory block be this original memory block corresponding copy after memory block, therefore, virtual machine by the first pointed first memory block of second level concordance list, and by the second pointed second memory block of second level concordance list.
Step 204, virtual machine utilizes the address lookup second level concordance list of current data to be written, and modifies to the data in the second memory block of the second pointed of second level concordance list.
Step 205, virtual machine utilizes the current address lookup second level concordance list treating snapshot data, and carries out snapshot process to the data in the first memory block of the first pointed of second level concordance list.
In the embodiment of the present invention, if virtual machine copies the first memory block, and obtain second memory block identical with this first memory block, then virtual machine needs to utilize original memory block (i.e. the first memory block) to carry out snapshot process, and needs to modify to the data in the new memory block (i.e. the second memory block) after copying.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, if there are data (i.e. current data to be written) to need to be written in memory block, then virtual machine can determine the first order index that the address of current data to be written is corresponding, and by the 3rd pointer inquiry second level concordance list corresponding in first order concordance list of first order index, and the data in second memory block (the new memory block after namely copying) of the second pointed to second level concordance list are modified.If there are data (namely current treat snapshot data) to need to be snapshotted process, then virtual machine can determine the current first order index that the address of snapshot data is corresponding for the treatment of, and by the 3rd pointer inquiry second level concordance list corresponding in first order concordance list of first order index, and the data in first memory block (i.e. original memory block) of the first pointed to second level concordance list carry out snapshot process.
In the embodiment of the present invention, after virtual machine carries out snapshot process to the data in the first memory block of the first pointed of second level concordance list, after completing online snapshot, virtual machine deletes the data in the first memory block, to reduce memory consumption, and by the first pointed second memory block of second level concordance list.
Based on technique scheme, in the embodiment of the present invention, when the virtual machine run receives online snapshot command, do not need the read-write operation suspending virtual machine, and snapshot process can be carried out to the internal memory that the uses when disk file of virtual machine and operation, therefore can not cause the service disconnection of virtual machine, the business of virtual machine can not be subject to the impact of online snapshot, and the data revised during online snapshot can not be lost.
Based on the inventive concept same with said method, additionally provide a kind of virtual machine in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 4, described virtual machine specifically comprises:
Receiver module 11, for receiving online snapshot command;
Obtain module 12, for before completing online snapshot, if need the data in amendment first memory block, then copy described first memory block, to obtain second memory block identical with described first memory block;
List item administration module 13, for by the first memory block described in the first pointed of second level concordance list, and by the second memory block described in the second pointed of described second level concordance list; Wherein, described first pointer is used in reference to the memory block to carrying out online snapshot process, and described second pointer is used in reference to the memory block to carrying out data write process; Data in described first memory block are specifically for carrying out online snapshot process, and the data in described second memory block are specifically for carrying out data write process;
Processing module 14, for utilize current data to be written address lookup described in second level concordance list, and the data in the second memory block of the second pointed of described second level concordance list to be modified;
Utilize the current address lookup second level concordance list treating snapshot data, and snapshot process is carried out to the data in the first memory block of the first pointed of second level concordance list.
Described list item administration module 13, after the data be further used in the first memory block of the first pointed to second level concordance list carry out snapshot process, after completing online snapshot, delete the data in described first memory block, and by the second memory block described in the first pointed of described second level concordance list.
Described list item administration module 13, also for generating memory address structure corresponding to data address, described memory address structure comprises first order concordance list, second level concordance list and third level block address memory table; 3rd pointed second level concordance list of described first order concordance list, the first pointer of described second level concordance list and the second pointed third level block address memory table, the corresponding memory block in each address of described third level block address memory table.
Described processing module 14, specifically in the process utilizing second level concordance list described in the address lookup of current data to be written, determine the first order index that the address of current data to be written is corresponding, and inquire about described second level concordance list by the 3rd pointer that first order index is corresponding in described first order concordance list;
In the process utilizing second level concordance list described in the current address lookup treating snapshot data, determine the current first order index that the address of snapshot data is corresponding for the treatment of, and inquire about described second level concordance list by the 3rd pointer that first order index is corresponding in described first order concordance list.
Wherein, the modules of apparatus of the present invention can be integrated in one, and also can be separated deployment.Above-mentioned module can merge into a module, also can split into multiple submodule further.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be well understood to the mode that the present invention can add required general hardware platform by software and realize, and can certainly pass through hardware, but in a lot of situation, the former is better embodiment.Based on such understanding, technical scheme of the present invention can embody with the form of software product the part that prior art contributes in essence in other words, this computer software product is stored in a storage medium, comprising some instructions in order to make a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server, or the network equipment etc.) perform method described in each embodiment of the present invention.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that accompanying drawing is the schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment, the module in accompanying drawing or flow process might not be that enforcement the present invention is necessary.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the module in the device in embodiment can carry out being distributed in the device of embodiment according to embodiment description, also can carry out respective change and be arranged in the one or more devices being different from the present embodiment.The module of above-described embodiment can merge into a module, also can split into multiple submodule further.The invention described above embodiment sequence number, just to describing, does not represent the quality of embodiment.Be only several specific embodiment of the present invention above, but the present invention is not limited thereto, the changes that any person skilled in the art can think of all should fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a method for online snapshot, is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
Virtual machine receives online snapshot command;
Described virtual machine, before completing online snapshot, if need the data in amendment first memory block, then copies described first memory block, to obtain second memory block identical with described first memory block;
Described virtual machine by the first memory block described in the first pointed of second level concordance list, and by the second memory block described in the second pointed of described second level concordance list; Wherein, described first pointer is used in reference to the memory block to carrying out online snapshot process, and described second pointer is used in reference to the memory block to carrying out data write process; Data in described first memory block are specifically for carrying out online snapshot process, and the data in described second memory block are specifically for carrying out data write process;
Second level concordance list described in the address lookup that described virtual machine utilizes current data to be written, and the data in the second memory block of the second pointed of described second level concordance list are modified;
Described virtual machine utilizes second level concordance list described in the current address lookup treating snapshot data, and carries out snapshot process to the data in the first memory block of the first pointed of described second level concordance list.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described virtual machine carries out snapshot process to the data in the first memory block of the first pointed of described second level concordance list, also comprises afterwards:
Described virtual machine is after completing online snapshot, and described virtual machine deletes the data in described first memory block, and by the second memory block described in the first pointed of described second level concordance list.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described method comprises further:
Described virtual machine generates memory address structure corresponding to data address, and described memory address structure comprises first order concordance list, second level concordance list and third level block address memory table; 3rd pointed second level concordance list of described first order concordance list, the first pointer of described second level concordance list and the second pointed third level block address memory table, the corresponding memory block in each address of described third level block address memory table.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described method comprises further:
In the process of second level concordance list described in the address lookup that described virtual machine utilizes current data to be written, described virtual machine determines the first order index that the address of current data to be written is corresponding, and inquires about described second level concordance list by the 3rd pointer that first order index is corresponding in described first order concordance list;
Described virtual machine utilizes in the process of second level concordance list described in the current address lookup treating snapshot data, described virtual machine determines the current first order index that the address of snapshot data is corresponding for the treatment of, and inquires about described second level concordance list by the 3rd pointer that first order index is corresponding in described first order concordance list.
5. a virtual machine, is characterized in that, described virtual machine specifically comprises:
Receiver module, for receiving online snapshot command;
Obtain module, for before completing online snapshot, if need the data in amendment first memory block, then copy described first memory block, to obtain second memory block identical with described first memory block;
List item administration module, for by the first memory block described in the first pointed of second level concordance list, and by the second memory block described in the second pointed of described second level concordance list; Wherein, described first pointer is used in reference to the memory block to carrying out online snapshot process, and described second pointer is used in reference to the memory block to carrying out data write process; Data in described first memory block are specifically for carrying out online snapshot process, and the data in described second memory block are specifically for carrying out data write process;
Processing module, for utilize current data to be written address lookup described in second level concordance list, and the data in the second memory block of the second pointed of described second level concordance list to be modified;
Utilize second level concordance list described in the current address lookup treating snapshot data, and snapshot process is carried out to the data in the first memory block of the first pointed of described second level concordance list.
6. virtual machine as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that,
Described list item administration module, after the data be further used in the first memory block of the first pointed to described second level concordance list carry out snapshot process, after completing online snapshot, delete the data in described first memory block, and by the second memory block described in the first pointed of described second level concordance list.
7. virtual machine as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described list item administration module, also for generating memory address structure corresponding to data address, described memory address structure comprises first order concordance list, second level concordance list and third level block address memory table; 3rd pointed second level concordance list of described first order concordance list, the first pointer of described second level concordance list and the second pointed third level block address memory table, the corresponding memory block in each address of described third level block address memory table.
8. virtual machine as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that,
Described processing module, specifically in the process utilizing second level concordance list described in the address lookup of current data to be written, determine the first order index that the address of current data to be written is corresponding, and inquire about described second level concordance list by the 3rd pointer that first order index is corresponding in described first order concordance list;
In the process utilizing second level concordance list described in the current address lookup treating snapshot data, determine the current first order index that the address of snapshot data is corresponding for the treatment of, and inquire about described second level concordance list by the 3rd pointer that first order index is corresponding in described first order concordance list.
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CN106055431A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-26 | 河海大学 | Data backup and recovery method and data backup and recovery device based on snapshot online rollback |
CN110018988A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2019-07-16 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | Snapshot delet method, processing method, apparatus and system |
CN111078368A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-28 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | Memory snapshot method and device of cloud computing platform virtual machine and readable storage medium |
CN116991542A (en) * | 2023-09-26 | 2023-11-03 | 苏州元脑智能科技有限公司 | Virtual machine snapshot method, system, electronic equipment and computer storage medium |
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