CN104595007B - Straight-wall double-swirl combustion chamber of diesel engine - Google Patents

Straight-wall double-swirl combustion chamber of diesel engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104595007B
CN104595007B CN201510022320.1A CN201510022320A CN104595007B CN 104595007 B CN104595007 B CN 104595007B CN 201510022320 A CN201510022320 A CN 201510022320A CN 104595007 B CN104595007 B CN 104595007B
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diversion
combustion chamber
piston
platform
top surface
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CN104595007A (en
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张辉亚
陈小迅
杨细元
廖荣盛
***
许法亮
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Dongfeng Trucks Co ltd
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Dongfeng Trucks Co ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

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Abstract

A straight-wall double-swirl combustion chamber of a diesel engine is characterized in that the axial section of the combustion chamber is omega-shaped, and comprises an upper flow guide part, a throat opening, a lower flow guide part and a spherical crown-shaped boss which are sequentially connected from the top of a piston to the bottom of the combustion chamber, wherein the throat opening comprises a first flow guide platform, an arc transition section and a second flow guide platform which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the first flow guide platform is of an inverted cone platform structure, the included angle between the section of the inner wall of the first flow guide platform and the top surface of the piston is 14-16 degrees, the ratio of the inner diameter of the upper end surface of the first flow guide platform to the diameter of the top surface of the first flow guide platform is 0.7-0.74, the second flow guide platform is of a cylindrical structure, the section of the inner wall of the first flow guide platform is parallel to the axis of the piston, the ratio of the inner diameter of. The design not only improves the thermal fatigue reliability of the piston throat, but also enables the engine to have better fuel economy and emission characteristics.

Description

A kind of double swirl combustion chambers of diesel engine straight wall
Technical field
It is specific to be applicable the present invention relates to technical field of engines, more particularly to a kind of double swirl combustion chambers of diesel engine straight wall In the heat fatigue reliability and the fuel consumption and emission characteristic of engine that improve piston aditus laryngis.
Background technology
Modern directly jetting turbo charging burning chamber of diesel engine is usually the toroidal combustion chamber with necking, by combustion chamber throat, burning Room arc surface and central boss composition.High pressure fuel injects directly on combustion chamber throat position, the water conservancy diversion of arc surface in combustion chamber Roll up and inhale to combustion chamber center under effect, the fresh air in combustion recess can be made full use of, but can not be compared with good utilisation piston Air utilization ratio is relatively low in the fresh air of bottom clearance part, cylinder, and burning tissues are difficult, and the thermal efficiency also can be than relatively low.In addition, with The raising of diesel engine strengthening degree, the thermic load of piston is obviously improved, therefore proposes higher requirement to the reliability of piston.
Chinese patent:Application publication number is CN103696870A, and data of publication of application is the patent of invention on April 2nd, 2014 A kind of cylinder of diesel engine piston is disclosed, its top surface has the combustion chamber that axial cross section outline is in " ω " font, combustion chamber Outside inwall has the interior arc ridge for stretching in cavity volume, and combustion chamber is divided as inner side using the tangent line of the radially projecting peak formation of arc ridge Regular zone and groove area;There is groove at the aditus laryngis outer of combustion chamber, to form the buffering area connected with groove area, buffering area Outline is in asymptotic Long-term change trend from groove area to piston-top surface.Although the invention is by the structure optimization to combustion chamber, can To be vortexed trend in adjustment, on the basis of the raising thermal efficiency, reduction oil consumption is met, it can effectively evade cylinder cover bottom surface thermic load Higher the problem of, but still there is following defect:
1st, in the invention aditus laryngis of combustion chamber by straightway 4(Angle with horizontal plane is 8 ° -10 °), straightway 6(With water The angle of plane is 65 ° -75 °)And the radius of connection straightway 4 and straightway 6 constitutes for 4-5mm circular arc, and its arc ridge Radially projecting peak to distance 1 and the combustion chamber regular zone A of piston centreline maximum gauge L ratio is only 0.7- 0.75, aditus laryngis arc ridge is prominent substantially to combustion chamber, therefore larger with the distance between piston cooling oil passage on the inside of aditus laryngis, should Design can cause the heating surface area of aditus laryngis in combustion process to significantly increase, and it is too high and fail to be easily caused aditus laryngis thermic load, causes Piston aditus laryngis oxidative exfoliation or aditus laryngis problems of crack, so as to influence the reliability of piston.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention be overcome aditus laryngis present in prior art heat fatigue reliability it is poor the problem of there is provided one Plant the double swirl combustion chambers of diesel engine straight wall for the heat fatigue reliability that can significantly improve aditus laryngis.
To realize object above, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of double swirl combustion chambers of diesel engine straight wall, the axial profile of the combustion chamber is in ω fonts, including by piston Top to the bottom of combustion chamber upper diversion division, aditus laryngis, the lower diversion division that are sequentially connected, the aditus laryngis includes from top to bottom successively connecting A diversion platform, arc transition section, No. two diversion platforms connect;
No. two diversion platforms are cylindrical structural, the tangent plane of its inwall and the diameter parallel of piston, and No. two diversion platforms Internal diameter and combustion chamber in positioned at the ratio of the maximum inner diameter of aditus laryngis lower area be 0.97-0.99.
A number diversion platform is rounding frustum structure, and the angle of the tangent plane of its inwall and the top surface of piston is 14 ° -16 °.
The ratio of the upper surface internal diameter of a number diversion platform and the diameter of top surface is 0.7-0.74.
The upper diversion division is the ring-type arc-shaped convex that internal diameter from top to bottom successively decreases, and its upper end is connected with top surface, under End is connected by opening towards the arc transition groove of top surface with the upper end of a diversion platform.
The bottom center of the combustion chamber is provided with spherical crown shape boss.
The lower diversion division is arc groove of the opening towards top surface, and its upper end passes through arc transition boss and No. two water conservancy diversion The lower end of platform is connected, and lower end is connected with the bottom surface border of spherical crown shape boss.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1st, No. two diversion platforms are cylindrical structural in a kind of double swirl combustion chambers of diesel engine straight wall of the invention, and its inwall is cut It is located at the ratio of the maximum inner diameter of aditus laryngis lower area in face and the diameter parallel of piston, and the internal diameter of No. two diversion platforms and combustion chamber It is worth for 0.97-0.99, i.e., the straight wall structure parallel with piston axis will be designed at aditus laryngis, and significantly increase the internal diameter at aditus laryngis With the ratio of combustion chamber regular zone maximum inner diameter, the heating surface area of aditus laryngis is not only significantly reduced, and is reduced on the inside of aditus laryngis With the distance of piston cooling oil passage, the temperature of piston aditus laryngis in combustion process can be reduced to 90 DEG C or so by the design, hence it is evident that be changed The thermic load of piston aditus laryngis has been apt to it, so as to effectively increase the heat fatigue reliability of aditus laryngis.Therefore, the present invention significantly improves larynx The heat fatigue reliability of mouth.
2nd, a diversion platform is rounding frustum structure in a kind of double swirl combustion chambers of diesel engine straight wall of the invention, its inwall The angle of tangent plane and piston-top surface is 14 ° -16 °, i.e., carry out transition with upper diversion division using larger angle so that a water conservancy diversion The axial height of platform is larger, can preferably prevent fuel oil from being ejected on cylinder sleeve wall, effectively prevent the generation of burn oil phenomenon, Meanwhile, the design can allow the oil nozzle that larger angle between spray orifices are used under identical oil nozzle setting height(from bottom), so as to obtain more preferable combustion Oily economy and emission performance, or reduce the setting height(from bottom) of oil nozzle, less oil nozzle in the oil nozzle using identical angle between spray orifices Setting height(from bottom) can shorten the length that oil nozzle stretches out combustion chamber, reduction oil nozzle thermic load and spray orifice coking risk, and then improve oil The reliability and service life of mouth.Therefore, the present invention can not only avoid the generation of burn oil phenomenon, and economy and reliable Property is higher.
3rd, in a kind of double swirl combustion chambers of diesel engine straight wall of the invention a diversion platform upper surface internal diameter and piston-top surface The ratio of diameter is 0.7-0.74, i.e., using less relative aperture so that compression top center produce stronger Inlet Swirl and Stream is squeezed, accelerates the mixing of oil gas, combustion mixture evenly and faster burning velocity are obtained, so as to obtain more preferable fuel oil Economy and discharge;Meanwhile, upper diversion division is the ring-type arc-shaped convex that internal diameter from top to bottom successively decreases, its upper end and piston-top surface Be connected, lower end is connected by opening towards the arc transition groove of piston-top surface with the upper end of a diversion platform, i.e., upper water conservancy diversion Portion is interior throat structure, and a diversion platform is directly connected using arc transition with piston-top surface, without setting up buffering area, the design It can not only prevent fuel oil to be directly injected on cylinder sleeve, reduce the thermic load of cylinder sleeve and the risk of burn oil, and cause combustion The volume for burning room regular zone is larger, and the fuel oil in main injection region has more fresh airs to utilize, so as to obtain preferably Mixing uniformity, with more preferable fuel consumption and emission characteristic;In addition, to be provided with spherical crown shape convex for the bottom center of combustion chamber Platform, i.e. central boss use ball coronal structure, and compared with cone boss structure, spherical crown shape boss slope is smaller, is conducive to fuel oil With flame to the Center Extender of combustion chamber, and two strands of water conservancy diversion of central boss water conservancy diversion and bottom circular arc water conservancy diversion are formed simultaneously so that new The utilization of fresh air and air-fuel mixture are more preferable, so as to obtain more preferable fuel consumption and emission.Therefore, the present invention can obtain compared with Excellent fuel consumption and emission characteristic.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural decomposition diagram of the invention.
The close-up schematic view that Fig. 2 is A in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is that the air-flow in combustion chamber moves towards schematic diagram.
In figure:Upper diversion division 1, aditus laryngis 2, diversion platform 21, arc transition section 22, No. two diversion platforms 23, a lower diversion divisions 3rd, arc transition groove 4, spherical crown shape boss 5, arc transition boss 6, piston 7, top surface 71, the inwall tangent plane of diversion platform and work Fill in the angle α of top surface.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation with embodiment for explanation below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, a kind of double swirl combustion chambers of diesel engine straight wall, the axial profile of the combustion chamber is in ω words Type, including upper diversion division 1, aditus laryngis 2, the lower diversion division 3 being sequentially connected by the top of piston 7 to bottom of combustion chamber, the aditus laryngis 2 Including a diversion platform 21 being from top to bottom sequentially connected, arc transition section 22, No. two diversion platforms 23;
No. two diversion platforms 23 are cylindrical structural, the tangent plane of its inwall and the diameter parallel of piston 7, and No. two water conservancy diversion The ratio of maximum inner diameter of the internal diameter of platform 23 with being located at the lower area of aditus laryngis 2 in combustion chamber is 0.97-0.99.
A number diversion platform 21 is rounding frustum structure, and the angle α of the tangent plane of its inwall and the top surface 71 of piston 7 is 14°–16°。
The ratio of the upper surface internal diameter of a number diversion platform 21 and the diameter of top surface 71 is 0.7-0.74.
The upper diversion division 1 is the ring-type arc-shaped convex that internal diameter from top to bottom successively decreases, and its upper end is connected with top surface 71, Lower end is connected by opening towards the arc transition groove 4 of top surface 71 with the upper end of a diversion platform 21.
The bottom center of the combustion chamber is provided with spherical crown shape boss 5.
The lower diversion division 3 is arc groove of the opening towards top surface 71, and its upper end passes through arc transition boss 6 and No. two The lower end of diversion platform 23 is connected, and lower end is connected with the bottom surface border of spherical crown shape boss 5.
The principle of the present invention is described as follows:
The design of a diversion platform 21 strengthens the utilization to piston bottom clearance part fresh air in the present invention, promotes combustion The uniformity of oil spatial distribution in engine cylinder, can improve fuel economy, reduce the generation of noxious emission;Upper water conservancy diversion The interior necking design in portion 1 can prevent fuel oil to be directly injected on cylinder sleeve, reduce the thermic load of cylinder sleeve and the risk of burn oil; The design of No. two diversion platforms 23 can dramatically increase the radiating of combustion chamber throat while keeping toroidal combustion chamber to squeeze stream effect Area, and combustion chamber throat is to the distance of piston cooling oil passage, so that the thermic load of piston aditus laryngis is greatly reduced;That is this burning Room can reach the purpose of reduction oil consumption and discharge, while the thermic load of piston aditus laryngis can be significantly reduced, improve the reliable of piston Property.Specifically trend is as follows for air-flow in combustion chamber:
The top of combustion chamber throat 2 is a diversion platform 21, and bottom is No. two diversion platforms 23, is ejected into arc transition section 22 Fuel oil formation two-way air motion, scroll up suction shape along diversion platform 21, arc transition groove 4, a upper diversion division 1 successively all the way Cheng Shangjuan inhales stream, air mixture(Fired with it is unburned)The region of top surface 71 and cylinder cover bottom surface is drawn onto by volume so that this part is fresh Air is fully utilized, and internal combustion oil of cylinder spatial distribution is more uniform;Another road is then successively along No. two diversion platforms 23, arc transitions Boss 6, lower diversion division 3, spherical crown shape boss 5 are rolled up to combustion chamber center to be inhaled, and is formed last volume and is inhaled stream.Stream, which is inhaled, in last volume reaches spherical crown shape Before boss 5, air mixture(Fired with it is unburned)Generation flow direction separation, most of air mixture is involved in after lower diversion division 3 Combustion chamber upper air more sufficient region, forms bottom circular arc water conservancy diversion, the remaining air mixture then edge after lower diversion division 3 Spherical crown shape boss 5 collects to its upper, under the drainage of lower diversion division 3, in remaining air mixture and spherical crown shape boss 5 The mixing of the air in portion is substantially strengthened, therefore the combustion process of the part air mixture is also relatively more complete.
As a preference of the present invention, the maximum gauge of the upper diversion division 1 is 46.2-46.4mm, the circular arc of upper diversion division 1 Radius is 0.75-0.8mm, and the center of circle of the circular arc and the distance of top surface 71 are 0.9-1mm, a diversion platform 21 is 46.2- 46.4mm, the circular arc center of circle of arc transition section 22 is 6.5-6.7mm with the distance of top surface 71, and the arc radius of lower diversion division 3 is 8-8.2mm, the distance in its circular arc center of circle to the axis of piston 7 is 31-31.3mm, and the circular arc center of circle is to the distance of top surface 71 11.9-12mm, the arc radius of arc transition groove 4 is 1-1.2mm, the bottom surface radius of spherical crown shape boss 5 can be 57-58mm, The top of spherical crown shape boss 5 and the distance of top surface 71 are 11.8-11.9mm, the arc radius of arc transition boss 6 is 3- 3.2mm, the molten product of combustion chamber is 85.5-85.7mL.
Embodiment 1:
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, a kind of double swirl combustion chambers of diesel engine straight wall, the axial profile of the combustion chamber is in ω words Type, including the upper diversion division 1, aditus laryngis 2, lower diversion division 3, the spherical crown shape that are set gradually by the top of piston 7 to bottom of combustion chamber are convex Platform 5, the aditus laryngis 2 includes a diversion platform 21, arc transition section 22, No. two diversion platforms 23, institute being from top to bottom sequentially connected It is the ring-type arc-shaped convex that internal diameter from top to bottom successively decreases to state diversion division 1, and its upper end is connected with top surface 71, and lower end is by opening The arc transition groove 4 of mouth towards top surface 71 is connected with the upper end of a diversion platform 21, and a diversion platform 21 is inverted cone Platform structure, the angle α of the tangent plane of its inwall and the top surface 71 of piston 7 is 14 ° -16 °, the upper surface internal diameter of a diversion platform 21 with The ratio of the diameter of top surface 71 is 0.7-0.74, and No. two diversion platforms 23 are cylindrical structural, tangent plane and the piston 7 of its inwall Diameter parallel, the internal diameter of No. two diversion platforms 23 and the ratio of maximum inner diameter in combustion chamber positioned at the lower area of aditus laryngis 2 are 0.97-0.99, the lower diversion division 3 is arc groove of the opening towards top surface 71, and its upper end passes through arc transition boss 6 and two The lower end of number diversion platform 23 is connected, and lower end is connected with the bottom surface border of spherical crown shape boss 5, and spherical crown shape boss 5 is located at combustion Burn the bottom center of room.
It is as follows using the discharge and oil consumption results of property of the engine of combustion chamber of the present invention:NOx emission is 3.1g/kWh, The PM discharges of grain thing are 0.017g/kWh, and minimum specific fuel consumption is 187g/kWh, and region reaches 11.8%, reaches state's IV emission levels, and Compared with existing technical scheme, oil consumption advantage is more obvious.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of double swirl combustion chambers of diesel engine straight wall, the axial profile of the combustion chamber is in ω fonts, including by piston(7) The upper diversion division that is sequentially connected of top to bottom of combustion chamber(1), aditus laryngis(2), lower diversion division(3), the aditus laryngis(2)Including by A diversion platform being up to sequentially connected down(21), arc transition section(22), No. two diversion platforms(23), it is characterised in that:
A number diversion platform(21)For rounding frustum structure, the tangent plane and piston of its inwall(7)Top surface(71)Angle(α) For 14 ° -16 °;
No. two diversion platforms(23)For cylindrical structural, the tangent plane and piston of its inwall(7)Diameter parallel, and No. two water conservancy diversion Platform(23)Internal diameter and combustion chamber in positioned at aditus laryngis(2)The ratio of the maximum inner diameter of lower area is 0.97-0.99;
The upper diversion division(1)The annular cambered projection from top to bottom successively decreased for internal diameter, its upper end and top surface(71)It is connected, under End passes through opening towards top surface(71)Arc transition groove(4)With a diversion platform(21)Upper end be connected.
2. a kind of double swirl combustion chambers of diesel engine straight wall according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:A number diversion platform (21)Upper surface internal diameter and top surface(71)Diameter ratio be 0.7-0.74.
3. a kind of double swirl combustion chambers of diesel engine straight wall according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:The combustion chamber Bottom center be provided with spherical crown shape boss(5).
4. a kind of double swirl combustion chambers of diesel engine straight wall according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:The lower diversion division (3)It is opening towards top surface(71)Arc groove, its upper end passes through arc transition boss(6)With No. two diversion platforms(23)Under End is connected, lower end and spherical crown shape boss(5)Bottom surface border be connected.
CN201510022320.1A 2015-01-16 2015-01-16 Straight-wall double-swirl combustion chamber of diesel engine Active CN104595007B (en)

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CN105927365B (en) * 2016-05-20 2018-09-25 北京理工大学 A kind of two-fold combustion system of opposed-piston engine
CN107747513A (en) * 2017-09-30 2018-03-02 东风商用车有限公司 Heavy diesel engine step type combustion chamber
CN109434044A (en) * 2018-11-29 2019-03-08 李泽朋 Band makes the reasonable continuous casting crystallining copper sheet mode structure of unrestrained effect cooling structure
CN111764996B (en) * 2020-06-24 2021-08-24 河南柴油机重工有限责任公司 Combustion chamber, combustion system and combustion method for marine diesel engine
CN113482762A (en) * 2021-07-30 2021-10-08 东风商用车有限公司 Combustion chamber and combustion system of medium-heavy diesel engine
CN115324767A (en) * 2022-10-13 2022-11-11 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Piston combustion chamber and design method thereof, piston and engine
CN115822803B (en) * 2023-01-06 2023-06-23 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Piston and engine

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