Chitin preparation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of chitin preparation method, belong to pharmaceutical chemistry technical field.
Background technology
Chitin is the 2- acetylaminohydroxyphenylarsonic acid 2- deoxidation-β-d- glucosan of Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-bonded, is widely present in insecticide, first
In shell guiding principle animal and fungal cell wall.By biosynthetic chitin up to hundreds of hundred million tons on the annual earth, be in nature only
The renewable natural polymer of the second big class inferior to cellulose.The unique molecular structure of chitin, gives its charming biology and lives
Property.Numerous studies show, chitin, in addition to having the performances such as nontoxic, good biocompatibility, biodegradability, also has
There are hemostasis, analgesia, promote the properties such as wound healing, antibacterial.
A kind of preparation method of chitin, this preparation side is disclosed in Chinese invention patent (publication number: 102086464a)
Method essentially discloses the method carrying out desalination to the chitin after pulverizing using organic acid, to the machine being applied in preparation method
Tool simultaneously undeclared is related to.And in actual production, for plant equipment from the preparation efficiency also influencing whether chitin.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the invention: a kind of chitin preparation method is provided, is applied in this preparation method
Plant equipment can effectively improve the preparation efficiency of chitin.
For solving described technical problem, technical scheme: a kind of chitin preparation method, including following step
Rapid: chitin starting material to be pulverized, and the chitin powder after pulverizing is sent into reactor;Acid solution acidolysis is added to take off inorganic salt;Obtain
Liquid lead to defecator;If obtaining chitin it is characterised in that transition apparatus include support and solid to filtering fluid dewatering
Liquid separative element, support includes fixed block and drain block, is provided with both two cross bars of connection between fixed block and drain block,
This two cross bar parallel interval settings;The agent structure of solid-liquid separation unit is filter frame, and filter frame is provided with drainage screen, filters
The opposite sides face of frame is respectively equipped with the handle of protrusion, is stacked between two cross bars filter frame horizontal alignment, and handle is natural
It is shelved on cross bar;Fixed block is provided with jack unit for carrying out top pressure to these filter frames;In the presence of jack unit,
Filter frame presses to the inner surface of drain block, and lead to the inner surface of drain block for catheter one end, the other end of catheter and reactor
Communicate.
The acid being applied in this preparation method can be hydrochloric acid or the background skill of 25 38% weight hundred specific concentration
The organic acid of the respective concentration arriving applied in the partly cited existing preparation method of art, does not particularly limit to sour selection
Fixed.When from described hydrochloric acid, the pulverizing of chitin starting material can not need too broken;When from organic acid, chitin starting material
Need to be crushed to the particle diameter of 9 15 mesh.Before being filtered, first each filter frame is inserted in the interval between two cross bars, so
Pass through jack unit afterwards these filter frames are pushed towards the direction of drain block, so that these filter frames is tightly pressed together.Catheter
Inside it is passed through solid-liquid mixture, solid-liquid mixture flows successively through in each filtration inframe, and during flowing, solid can be by mistakes at different levels
Filter screen is retained.
Preferably, described jack unit includes the motor being located on fixed block, the screw rod threadeded with fixed block with
Associated electric motor connects, and the outer end of screw rod is provided with pressing plate, and the outer face of the filter frame of adjacent pressing plate is used for the inner surface phase with pressing plate
Laminating;Fulcrum bearing is provided with the outer surface of pressing plate, at the outer face of fulcrum bearing, is provided with arc pit, the hemispherical outer end of screw rod
Portion is plugged in arc pit.Motor is typically mounted on fixed block, drives screw rod to rotate by motor, and makes screw rod along axle
To motion, reach the purpose to filter frame compression, this structure of jack unit is simple, and functional reliability is high, is easy to these
The compression of filter frame.Coordinate for cambered surface between arc pit on screw rod outer face and fulcrum bearing, be easy to the work of screw rod.
Preferably, being provided with the tapping tap leading within filter frame on filter frame, tapping tap is located under cross bar
Side.Under normal circumstances, each filter frame is required to be provided with a tapping tap, tapping dragon is provided with filter frame
Head, can be classified and the liquid obtaining filtering is released.
Preferably, the periphery of drainage screen extend at the peripheral position of filter frame, it is provided with caulking groove in filter frame peripheral region,
The strip of paper used for sealing of elasticity is embedded in caulking groove for drainage screen is fixed on filter frame;Caulking groove and strip of paper used for sealing are all in " mouth " font, caulking groove
Depth be slightly less than the thickness of strip of paper used for sealing.The thickness of resilient seals is slightly larger than the depth of caulking groove, and the difference in size between them is only several
Millimeter, after resilient seals are assemblied in caulking groove, the outer side of resilient seals can protrude into outside caulking groove oral area, and level is stacked in one
By top-pressure mechanism top pressure closely, the projecting ends of resilient seals are deformed the filter frame rising by top pressure, these solid-liquid separation
Unit similarly is the plate that one piece of block stacks together.
Preferably, the stacker of elastomeric material making, the filtration of adjacent drain block are provided with the inner surface of drain block
Frame is plugged in the birdsmouth of stacker, and catheter leads to the liquid outlet on birdsmouth bottom surface, and the periphery laminating hoop of birdsmouth connects
On the outer peripheral face of filter frame.By arranging stacker, the cooperation between filter frame and drain block can be facilitated, filter frame with lead
Hydraulic tightness between liquid block ensure that.
Preferably, integrally formed with connecting tube on the outer bottom of stacker, connecting tube is plugged on set in drain block
In open-work, liquid outlet is communicated with connecting tube, catheter pass through connecting tube, on the outer peripheral face of the inner end of catheter integrally formed with
The coupling ring protruding, the bottom surface of coupling ring and birdsmouth is affixed and is combined.Correspondingly, drain block is provided with for accommodating
The open-work of connecting tube, by connecting tube is plugged in the open-work in drain block, is easy to stacker to be assembled on drain block, and
And fitted by the bottom surface of the coupling ring on catheter and stacker, it is easy to ensure the liquid-tight envelope between catheter and connection seat
Property.
Preferably, described handle includes connector, connect and be provided with two fixing open-works, this two fixing open-work phases in vivo
Mutually parallel interval setting, connector is in l shape, and connector is to be formed by the lateral part being connected as a single entity and vertical section, connector
Vertical section fit with the side of filter frame, the lateral part of connector naturally rests on described cross bar, closure
The ring of holding of annular is obliquely integrally formed between connector lateral part and vertical section.The handle of this structure is easy to hold
Hold, thus the convenient movement to filter frame.
Preferably, being connected both connecting plates in connector with holding to be provided between ring, connector, hold ring and connecting plate three
Person is connected as a single entity, and the thickness of connector is equal to the depth holding ring, and the thickness of connecting plate is less than the thickness of connector, and connecting plate is located at
At the medium position of connector thickness direction.This makes to hold ring has good bonding strength.
Preferably, described handle includes contiguous block, integrally formed with shank body on contiguous block, shank body naturally rests on
On described cross bar, contiguous block is fastened on the side of filter frame, is integrally formed limited location handle at shank body medium position,
Perpendicular to shank body, the two ends of spacing handle all protrude into the opposite sides of shank body to spacing handle, integrally formed with support shank in shank body,
The inner end of support shank is connected as a single entity with described contiguous block, and spacing handle is connected as a single entity with the outer end of support shank.Due to spacing
The restriction effect of handle is so that the gripping comfortableness of handle is good.
Preferably, described reactor includes staving and is hinged on renovating of staving oral area, renovate periphery and staving oral area
It is provided with export-oriented bead, some connection fasteners are used for two beads to be close together;Connection fastener includes main fastening block and vice card
Block, main fastening block and auxiliary fastening block are linked together by attachment bolt, and the screw rod in attachment bolt and auxiliary fastening block are connected as a single entity, main card
Block and auxiliary fastening block have been respectively formed on dop, and dop is located at the homonymy of connection fastener, is provided with along main card block length side in main fastening block
To the slot extending, slot is towards auxiliary fastening block;Inserted block, main fastening block and slot for being plugged in slot is provided with auxiliary fastening block
Between be wedge-like engagement, inserted block be located between screw rod and dop.The connection fastener connective stability of this structure is good, is easy to handle and turns over
Lid is pressed on the oral area of staving.
Therefore, beneficial effects of the present invention: support is constituted by two cross bars, fixed block and drain block, is easy to polylith
Filter frame is placed into the interval between two cross bars, and the structural compactness of this equipment for separating liquid from solid is good.By the top of jack unit
Pressure, so that can be close together between filter frame, and can effectively improve the hydraulic tightness between filter frame.Multiple filtrations
Frame stacks together in the horizontal direction, it is possible to achieve the multiple stage separation to solid-liquid, ensure that the effect of solid-liquid separation, and being suitable for should
For being prepared to chitin, advantageously ensure that separation efficiency.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of the defecator being applied in chitin preparation method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is filter apparatus configuration figure, is wherein locally disconnected at cross bar.
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of filter frame.
Fig. 4 is the longitudinal sectional view after stacker is combined together with catheter.
Fig. 5 is a kind of knot figure of embodiment of handle.
Fig. 6 is the sectional view in a-a direction in Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the front view of handle another embodiment.
Fig. 8 is the left view of handle another embodiment.
Fig. 9 is the structure chart of connection fastener.
Specific embodiment
Chitin preparation method of the present invention comprises the following steps: chitin starting material is pulverized, and by pulverize after chitin
Powder sends into reactor;Acid solution acidolysis is added to take off inorganic salt;The liquid obtaining leads to defecator;Obtain carapace to filtering fluid dewatering
Element.The dehydration of filtrate is to be realized by the method for vacuum distilling.
See Fig. 14, chitin preparation method of the present invention is applied to defecator, the structure of defecator include support and
Some solid-liquid separation units, support includes fixed block 2, drain block 10 and two cross bars 5, parallel interval between this two cross bars 5
Arrangement, the two ends of cross bar 5 are connected with fixed block 2 and drain block 10 respectively.
The agent structure of solid-liquid separation unit is the filter frame 6 of frame, is respectively provided with the opposite sides face of filter frame 6
There is the handle 7 of a protrusion.Two surfaces relatively of filter frame 6 one layer of drainage screen 15, the week of drainage screen 15 have been covered each by
Edge reaches at the peripheral position of filter frame 6.It is provided with caulking groove in the peripheral region of filter frame 6, caulking groove is in " mouth " font, caulking groove is formed at
Between filter frame 6 surface and side, the truncation surface of caulking groove is in l shape.It is embedded in the strip of paper used for sealing 16 in " mouth " font, strip of paper used for sealing 16 in caulking groove
It is made up of elastomeric material such as rubber, the outside of strip of paper used for sealing 16 inherent filtration net 15 is embedded in drainage screen 15 in caulking groove.Strip of paper used for sealing 16
Thickness be larger than the depth of caulking groove, after strip of paper used for sealing 16 is embedded in caulking groove, the outer face of strip of paper used for sealing 16 protrudes into the outside of caulking groove.
It is fixed with motor 1 in the outer side of fixed block 2, in fixed block 2, is also threaded with screw rod 14, screw rod 14 is towards leading
Liquid block 10 direction is stretched out, motor 1 by the cooperation of hub splines and splined shaft with screw rod 14 driving coupling, in the band of motor 1
Under dynamic, the axial location of screw rod 14 can change.Between two cross bars 5, the outside in screw rod 14 outer end is provided with pressing plate 4,
It is provided with fulcrum bearing 9 in the center position of pressing plate 4 outer surface.Arc pit is provided with the outer face of fulcrum bearing 9, screw rod 14
Outer end is hemispherical, and the outer end of screw rod 14 is plugged in arc pit.
Multiple filter frames 6 are plugged in the interval between two cross bars 5 in the horizontal direction side by side, filter frame 6 sidepiece
Handle 7 naturally rests on cross bar 5.Pass through under the pushing of pressing plate 4 in screw rod 14, these filter frames 6 are pressed towards drain block 10,
The filter frame 6 of adjacent pressing plate 4 is affixed with the inner surface of pressing plate 4 and is combined.Under the pressuring action of screw rod 14, on filter frame 6
The outer end of strip of paper used for sealing 16 deforms upon, and the hydraulic tightness between adjacent head frame 6 is guaranteed.In order that stretch out putting in place
The position of screw rod 14 afterwards can maintain, and side in screw rod 14 is threaded with locking nut 13, on locking nut 13
It is provided with the throw rod 12 of four protrusions, so that locking nut 13 and fixed block 2 is close together with reality
The now locking to screw rod 14 position.
It is provided with stacker 3 at the inner surface position of drain block 10, stacker 3 is provided with and holds towards the surface of filter frame 6
Interface, the filter frame 6 of adjacent stacker 3 is plugged in birdsmouth, and the periphery hoop of birdsmouth connects the periphery being fitted in this filter frame 6
On face.Liquid outlet is provided with the bottom surface of birdsmouth, integrally formed with connecting tube 18 on the outer bottom of stacker 3, connecting tube 18
Communicate with liquid outlet.It is provided with open-work in drain block 10, connecting tube 18 is plugged in open-work.Catheter 11 is outer from drain block 10
Side passes through open-work to be plugged in connecting tube 18, and catheter 11 is also cross liquid outlet.One on the inner end of catheter 11
Form the coupling ring 17 of protrusion, coupling ring 17 is fitted with the bottom surface of birdsmouth.Coupling head is passed through in the outer end of catheter 11
And be connected with the bottom of reactor, the material in reactor completes to react after the scheduled time (generally 30 60 minutes), beats
Open union joint and allow liquid material to enter in defecator and filtered.
Tapping tap 8 is provided with filter frame 6, tapping tap 8 passes through the wall body of filter frame 6 and the inside with filter frame 6
Communicate, the inlet of tapping tap 8 is located on a filter frame 6 between two-layer drainage screen 15.It is plugged on two horizontal strokes in filter frame 6
After between bar 5, tapping tap 8 is located at the lower section of cross bar 5.For ease of tapping, the tapping tap 8 on all filter frames 6 is respectively positioned on
The homonymy of support.
Transition fluid from tapping tap 8 releasing is collected together, then carries out vacuum distilling or boiling process obtains solid
Chitin.
Fig. 5,6 it is a kind of structure chart of embodiment of handle 7, the structure of this handle 7 includes connector, and connector is in l shape,
It has the lateral part being connected as a single entity and a vertical section, and the lateral surface of wherein vertical portion and filter frame 6 is affixed and is combined, horizontal
Naturally it is shelved on cross bar 5 to portion.It is provided with fixing open-work in the outer end of vertical section, be also simultaneously provided with solid in lateral part
Determine open-work, this two fixing open-works are parallel to each other, and have interval between them, the fixing open-work in lateral part and transverse part
Grade length.
Hold ring 20 integrally formed with annular between lateral part and vertical section on connector, hold in ring 20 inside
Empty.Holding ring 20 is in kidney-shaped, holds ring 20 and is obliquely arranged on connector.Hold the lateral surface of ring 20 one end and the inner side of vertical section
Face is connected as a single entity, and holds the lateral surface of ring 20 other end and the medial surface of lateral part is connected as a single entity.
It is connected the connecting plate 21 of both in connector with holding to be provided between ring 20, connecting plate 21, connector and hold ring
20 threes are connected as a single entity.Hold the depth of ring 20 and the consistency of thickness of connector, and the thickness of connecting plate 21 is less than connector
Thickness, connecting plate 21 is located at the medium position of connector thickness direction, and connecting plate 21 is located at simultaneously and holds ring 20 depth direction
At medium position, thus the opposite sides in connecting plate 21 is respectively formed with by connector, holds ring 20 and connecting plate 21 is surrounded
Heavy hole.
Be in one's hands on the opposite end surface of ring 20 depth direction and be provided with a cannelure 19, the shape of cannelure 19 with hold
The shape of ring 20 is similar, is also in kidney-shaped.
Fig. 7,8 be handle 7 another embodiment structure chart, the structure of this handle 7 includes the contiguous block 24 of bulk, even
Connecing block 24 is ledge structure, and the inner surface of contiguous block 24 is fitted with filter frame 6 side.Be provided with contiguous block 24 two parallel
Spaced fixing open-work, is passed through fixing open-work to be connected with the sidepiece of filter frame 6 by fixing bolt and realizes handle 7 and mistake
Being fixedly connected of filter frame 6.
Integrally formed with the shank body 22 protruded on the outer surface of contiguous block 24, shank body 22 is shelved on cross bar 5 naturally.Handle
The inner end of body 22 is connected as a single entity with contiguous block 24, and outer end is in exposed shape.Shank body 22 is generally four prisms cylinder, in shank body 22
Blind hole 23 is respectively equipped with opposite sides face, the gripping that the setting in blind hole 23 also can effectively improve between handss and shank body 22 is firm
Property.
Integrally formed with support shank 25 above shank body 22, support shank 25 and shank body 22 uniform thickness.The length of support shank 25
It is less than the length of shank body 22, the inner end of support shank 25 is connected as a single entity with contiguous block 24, the outer end of support shank 25 is located at handle
At the medium position of body 22.Blind hole 23 is also respectively equipped with the opposite sides face of support shank 25.
It is integrally formed limited location handle 26 between the upper side of shank body 22 and the outer face of support shank 25, spacing handle 26 is vertical
In shank body 22, the opposite sides of shank body 22 is protruded at the two ends of spacing handle 26 respectively.The outer peripheral face of spacing handle 26 is smooth cambered surface,
The outer peripheral face of spacing handle 26 is connected as a single entity with the upper side of shank body 22 and the outer face of support shank 25 respectively.
Spacing handle 26 is hollow structure, and the end of spacing handle 26 is in the annular of waisted.
Fig. 9 is the structure chart of connection fastener, and connection fastener is to apply on reactor.The structure of reactor includes staving,
Renovate the oral area being hinged on staving, in the oral area of staving with the peripheral region renovated is respectively integrally formed with export-oriented bead, thing
After material is rendered in reactor, need to realize renovating the firm snapping with staving oral area.Some connection fasteners are intermarginal along renovating week
Every setting, for staving is pressed together with the bead laminating renovated.
The structure of connection fastener includes main fastening block 27 and auxiliary fastening block 29, and attachment bolt couples main fastening block 27 and auxiliary fastening block 29
Together.Main fastening block 27 and auxiliary fastening block 29 have been respectively formed on dop 31, and dop 31 is located at the same side of this fastening structure.
Attachment bolt is made up of standing screw 28 and tightening nut 33, and the inner of standing screw 28 is solid with auxiliary fastening block 29
Connect together, the outer end of standing screw 28 passes through main fastening block 27 internal and outside that is reaching main fastening block 27 outer end, clamp screw
Cap 33 is connected on standing screw 28 from the outside screw of main fastening block 27 outer end, by turn tightening nut 33 to main fastening block 27
Strain and auxiliary fastening block 29 between or unclamp.For making the elasticity between main fastening block 27 and auxiliary fastening block 29 be maintained, in fixing spiral shell
The outer side of bar 28 is threaded with check nut 32, and check nut 32 is by simultaneously tightly limiting clamp screw on tightening nut 33
The circumferentially rotating of cap 33.
Main fastening block 27 is in " 7 " shape, and auxiliary fastening block 29 is bulk, and standing screw 28 passes through main fastening block along main fastening block 27 length direction
27.It is provided with slot in main fastening block 27, along the length direction arrangement of main fastening block 27, slot is towards auxiliary fastening block 29 for slot.In vice card
Block 29 is provided with inserted block 30, and inserted block 30 extends along the length direction of main fastening block 27, and inserted block 30 is used for grafting and coordinates in slot.Insert
Groove tapers into Zi the opening size of one end to the other end near auxiliary fastening block 29, and the change of the thickness of inserted block 30 and slot
The change in size of opening is corresponding, and inserted block 30 is wedge shaped.The length of inserted block 30 is less than the length of slot, generally,
When main fastening block 27 and auxiliary fastening block 29 are in the state tightened up, inserted block 30 wedging is in slot.
For improving main fastening block 27 and auxiliary fastening block 29 stressing conditions under tightening state, described inserted block 30 and slot are located at card
Between 31 and standing screw 28.