CN104589939A - Cross-medium aircraft with changeable shape like sailfish - Google Patents
Cross-medium aircraft with changeable shape like sailfish Download PDFInfo
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- CN104589939A CN104589939A CN201410104607.4A CN201410104607A CN104589939A CN 104589939 A CN104589939 A CN 104589939A CN 201410104607 A CN201410104607 A CN 201410104607A CN 104589939 A CN104589939 A CN 104589939A
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Abstract
Provided is a cross-medium aircraft with a changeable shape like a sailfish. The streamline type appearance of the sailfish is simulated by a machine body (2). A head pointed cone (1) is arranged at the head portion of the machine body (2) to divide water flow. A pair of angle-changeable water wings (3) are installed on the two sides of the front portion of the machine body (2) respectively. The aircraft is controlled to sink or float in water by adjusting the positive tapping angle and the negative tapping angle of the pair of angle-changeable water wings (3). A pair of scale-shaped rectifying covers are installed on the two sides of the middle of the machine body (2) respectively. A pair of self-adaption spiral paddles (4) capable of rotating in an inclined mode are installed on the scale-shaped rectifying covers (5) through a pair of spherical multi-freedom-degree linkage steering gears (6). An X-shaped tail wing (7) is arranged at the middle rear section of the machine body (2). An underwater-propulsion spiral paddle (8) is installed at the tail portion of the machine body (2). By means of the cross-medium aircraft, the design principles and bionics principles of the aircraft and an autonomous underwater vehicle are successfully applied, and the designed cross-medium aircraft has the good running capacity in fluid of two different types including air and water.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aircraft field, be specifically related to a kind of bionical distortion across medium aircraft.
Background technology
at present, across medium new concept aircraft by the multi-specialized Integrated design such as aircraft, submarine navigation device, both can aloft fly, again can at fly close to water surface, the multifunctional all New Equipments that can also move under water under water.The mode of operation of this aircraft can be divided into airflight pattern, fly close to water surface pattern, Water Exit surface model and pattern of moving under water under water, can change according to mission requirements between various mode of operation.
There is people's aircraft can utilize the blind area of various detecting devices across medium, switch the supervision that air-sea operational mode hides enemy, realize " stealthy " in unconventional mode and fight, can be used for performing the tasks such as naval reconnaissance, strike, extraordinary force projection.Across medium unmanned vehicle can with the matching equipment such as submarine, surface craft, for performing information gathering, the task such as investigation supervision, communication repeating, electronic countermeasure etc. of sky over strait.Have important military value and wide application prospect in view of across medium aircraft, domestic and international each main military power is being engaged in the exploitation of such New Equipments always, and achieves a series of achievement in research
[1-9].But because the professional domain covered across medium aircraft core technology is wide, technical risk is large, refer more particularly to the design part of submarine navigation, very large difference is there is with Aircraft Design, be mainly reflected in the aspects such as layout, structure, power, control and water-stop design, the domestic and international research in this field at present is all also in general conception design, tackling problems in key technologies and model machine Qualify Phase substantially, not yet has country successfully to develop the product with engineering practical value.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention be exactly for not yet have country successfully to develop to have engineering practical value across medium aircraft product, and provide a kind of imitative sailfish variable configuration across medium aircraft scheme.
The present invention includes and comprise fuselage, a pair variable-angle hydrofoil, a pair self adaptation can tilted propeller, a pair squama shape fairing, a pair spherical multi-freedom connection deflector, X-shaped empennage and underwater propulsion screw propeller, fuselage imitates the streamlined contour of sailfish, fuselage head is provided with head pointed cone to separate current, a pair variable-angle hydrofoil is arranged on forebody both sides respectively, aircraft dive or floating in water is controlled by regulating the positive negative angle of attack of a pair variable-angle hydrofoil, a pair squama shape fairing is arranged on waist both sides respectively, a pair self adaptation can be arranged on a pair squama shape fairing respectively by a pair spherical multi-freedom connection deflector by tilted propeller, X-shaped empennage is arranged on fuselage posterior segment, underwater propulsion screw propeller is arranged on afterbody.
Advantage of the present invention: aircraft combines with submerge device principle by the present invention, introduce simultaneously the novel concept that bionic design theory proposes across medium aircraft.The imitative sailfish tilting rotor that the present invention proposes moves the technical elements such as layout, variable configuration light overpressure resistant structure, power propulsion system, multi-mode control and water-stop design across medium aircraft at air water and achieves comparatively quantum jump, patten transformation and the operation of water null process can be realized preferably, manoevreability is good, task carries out, and ability is considerable.
Concrete technology solution route is as follows:
1, in the gas used across medium, hydrodynamic(al) layout comprehensive Design, strictly following aircraft and submerge device basic design principle, by imitating physical shapes and the componental movement mechanism of marine life sailfish, completing gas, the design of hydrodynamic(al) placement scheme.Layout design method based on bionics principle not only makes conceptual design science more, greatly can also reduce the resistance that airflight is moved under water especially under water.In addition, adopt rotary type hydrofoil to control aircraft and float or dive, comparatively adopt the structural weight of conventional diving device culvert system design lighter.
2, at variable structural form light overpressure resistant structure and water-stop design aspect, adopt the high strength such as carbon fibre reinforced composite, glass-felt plastic, high quality shaping unconventional Novel compressive body more next than material, aircraft is made also to have good pressure resistance while weight is enough light, fuselage lateral arrangement annular bearing bulkhead simultaneously, longitudinally adopt longitudinal load-carrying member, realize the design of light overpressure resistant watertight structure by integral shaping method, the modes such as sectional type watertight compartment, flange seal technology and dynamic sealing technology of arranging, greatly can improve the water sealing property of housing construction.
3, using in power source and propulsion system adaptation scheme across medium, adopt oily electric hybrid system, namely aero-engine is used to drive propelling unit during airflight, charge a battery simultaneously, use storage battery to realize underwater propulsion as power source under water, solve aerial and that the underwater engine energy is incompatible problem preferably; In the selection of propelling unit, because the Design Mechanism difference of aero propulsion and underwater propulsion unit is larger, comparatively be apparent that aerial and underwater propeller aerofoil profile and size make a big difference, therefore the aerial propelling unit with adopting a set of coupling under water is respectively tended to, namely the aerial airscrew that adopts advances, can reduce engine inlets opening and be beneficial to water-stop, the middle-size and small-size scheme of underwater propulsion adopts marine propeller, and larger schemes adopts pump sprayer to realize advancing.
4, across in medium flying vehicles control strategy, first by the speed of conservative control aircraft, Reynolds number when making it run in different medium is close or identical.In view of different with the signalling methods adopted, therefore need the control setup designing a set of compatible short wave communication and long-wave communication in the air under water.Secondly, aircraft needs in water surface landing and submarine navigation, produces certain impact when stormy waves is larger by its operation stability, and the advanced control algorithms such as Based Intelligent Control can be adopted to control to realize microvariations.In addition, because the present invention program is different with center-of-gravity position configuration under water aloft, therefore need to change its center-of-gravity position when navigation environment changes, small-sizedly can design a set of intelligent mechanism across medium aircraft and adjust center of gravity by adjusting the position of storage battery, big-and-middle-sizedly plural tanks can be adopted to design across medium aircraft, be distributed by the fuel changing different fuel case and realize center-of-gravity position and reconfigure.
accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the present invention's deformation state under water.
Detailed description of the invention
As Fig. 1, shown in 2, the present invention includes fuselage 2, a pair variable-angle hydrofoil 3, a pair self adaptation can tilted propeller 4, a pair squama shape fairing 5, a pair spherical multi-freedom connection deflector 6, X-shaped empennage 7 and underwater propulsion screw propeller 8, fuselage 2 imitates the streamlined contour of sailfish, fuselage 2 head is provided with head pointed cone 1 to separate current, a pair variable-angle hydrofoil 3 is arranged on fuselage 2 front part sides respectively, aircraft dive or floating in water is controlled by regulating the positive negative angle of attack of a pair variable-angle hydrofoil 3, a pair squama shape fairing 5 is arranged on both sides in the middle part of fuselage 2 respectively, a pair self adaptation can be arranged on a pair squama shape fairing 5 respectively by a pair spherical multi-freedom connection deflector 6 by tilted propeller 4, X-shaped empennage 7 is arranged on fuselage 2 posterior segment, underwater propulsion screw propeller 8 is arranged on fuselage 2 afterbody.
Principle of work: sailfish is that marine life went swimming is fastest, average speed per hour 90km/h, scooter 120km/h during short range.The fuselage of the program imitates the streamlined contour of sailfish, and greatly can reduce resistance when airflight is moved under water especially under water, the sharp vertebra 1 of its head can separate very fast for front incoming flow to both sides; Forebody is about the location arrangements of sailfish pectoral fin a pair variable-angle hydrofoil 3, can be used as canard during airflight to use, can float or dive by regulating the positive negative angle of attack of hydrofoil 3 to control aircraft when moving under water in water, can also play by the differential motion of hydrofoil 3 effect increasing horizontal course stability; Waist arranges a pair self adaptation can tilting duct screw propeller 4, for providing the lift and thrust that need during airflight, and the enough lift of vertical direction when aircraft Water Exit is provided, make it as helicopter, can not need planking just can vertical takeoff and landing, be transformed under water pattern time then need by spherical multi-freedom connection deflector 6 can fold back by tilting duct screw propeller 4, to reduce resistance when moving under water under water; Be arranged in the squama shape fairing 5 in the middle part of body, not only can be used to protect driving engine, folding and unfolding main landing gear, the effect strengthening aircraft water surface floating condition balanced capacity can also be played; In order to the needs adapted to aloft and run in two kinds of different mediums under water, have employed oily electric hybrid system, the turbo oar engine that aerial use is built in rear in body provides power for flying, be battery charge simultaneously, then realize advancing in the electrical motor of body afterbody and underwater propeller 8 by storage battery drive arrangement under water; Afterbody have employed X-type empennage 7 and designs, and the type empennage has been widely used in Modern submarine, has good space multistory orientation transfer capability, also can play drag reduction simultaneously and increase steady effect, being suitable for too on board the aircraft.
Aircraft body structure uses carbon fibre reinforced composite on a large scale, adopts integral shaping method, arranges that sectional type watertight compartment, flange seal technology and dynamic sealing technology improve the water sealing property of structure.In variable configuration mechanism design, mainly comprise a pair variable-angle hydrofoil 3 and a pair self adaptation can tilted propeller 4.A pair variable-angle hydrofoil 3 realizes the transformation of positive negative angle of attack by the rotation of a pair spherical multi-freedom connection deflector 6, and a pair self adaptation first can rotate to proper angle and fold back by tilted propeller 4.In control policy, in conjunction with the present invention program, design a set of many sail modes control system taken into account aerial, the water surface, under water different fluid disturbed conditions, control mode and signalling methods and the adjustment of different configuration center-of-gravity position, airflight realizes the motor-driven of aircraft by underwater propulsion screw propeller 8 thrust, a pair variable-angle hydrofoil 3 and X-type empennage 7 and controls, and then carries out pose adjustment and manipulation by adjusting a pair variable-angle hydrofoil 3 positive negative angle of attack, empennage rudder face and underwater propulsion screw propeller 8 under water.
Claims (1)
1. an imitative sailfish variable configuration is across medium aircraft, it is characterized in that it comprises fuselage (2), a pair variable-angle hydrofoil (3), a pair self adaptation can tilted propeller (4), a pair squama shape fairing (5), a pair spherical multi-freedom connection deflector (6), X-shaped empennage (7) and underwater propulsion screw propeller (8), fuselage (2) imitates the streamlined contour of sailfish, fuselage (2) head is provided with head pointed cone (1) and separates current, a pair variable-angle hydrofoil (3) is arranged on fuselage (2) front part sides respectively, aircraft dive or floating in water is controlled by regulating the positive negative angle of attack of a pair variable-angle hydrofoil (3), a pair squama shape fairing (5) is arranged on both sides, fuselage (2) middle part respectively, a pair self adaptation can be arranged on a pair squama shape fairing (5) respectively by a pair spherical multi-freedom connection deflector (6) by tilted propeller (4), X-shaped empennage (7) is arranged on fuselage (2) posterior segment, underwater propulsion screw propeller (8) is arranged on fuselage (2) afterbody.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410104607.4A CN104589939B (en) | 2014-03-20 | 2014-03-20 | Cross-medium aircraft with changeable shape like sailfish |
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| CN201410104607.4A CN104589939B (en) | 2014-03-20 | 2014-03-20 | Cross-medium aircraft with changeable shape like sailfish |
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| CN104589939A true CN104589939A (en) | 2015-05-06 |
| CN104589939B CN104589939B (en) | 2017-01-18 |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105836124A (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2016-08-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | Unmanned underwater aircraft |
| CN106904271A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-30 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of change body mechanism for VUAV |
| CN107416156A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-12-01 | 深圳潜水侠创新动力科技有限公司 | Vert the control system and its method of nacelle underwater remote-control submarine |
| CN107839418A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-03-27 | 吉林工程技术师范学院 | A kind of method of hovercar and its auto-flare system posture |
| CN107933229A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-04-20 | 中北大学 | Balloon flighter quadrotor flight trolley |
| CN107985537A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-04 | 吉林大学 | A kind of amphibious submariner device of new culvert type |
| CN109436321A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-03-08 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of water sky of bionical electric ray is dual-purpose to detect dozen type unmanned plane |
| CN109760836A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-05-17 | 姜佩奇 | A kind of amphibious submersible of air-sea |
| WO2019104796A1 (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-06-06 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN110217064A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-09-10 | 上海海事大学 | A kind of water sky land three is dwelt submariner device |
| CN111114772A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-05-08 | 中国特种飞行器研究所 | Triphibian cross-medium aircraft capable of taking off and landing vertically |
| CN111703574A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-09-25 | 中南大学 | Dolphin-imitated variable configuration cross-medium aircraft |
| CN111959209A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-11-20 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Amphibious robot with wheel fin structure |
| CN112339514A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-02-09 | 武汉理工大学 | Water-air amphibious wing-changing type unmanned aerial vehicle |
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| CN1190072A (en) * | 1997-02-08 | 1998-08-12 | 贺瑞华 | Fish herding airplane |
| US6116539A (en) * | 1999-03-19 | 2000-09-12 | Williams International Co. L.L.C. | Aeroelastically stable forward swept wing |
| RU2261823C1 (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2005-10-10 | Олег Васильевич Черемушкин | Flying vehicle |
| CN202163617U (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2012-03-14 | 袁祖六 | Multi-axis aircraft |
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- 2014-03-20 CN CN201410104607.4A patent/CN104589939B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105836124A (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2016-08-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | Unmanned underwater aircraft |
| CN106904271B (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2019-05-07 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of variant mechanism for vertical take-off and landing drone |
| CN106904271A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-30 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of change body mechanism for VUAV |
| CN107416156A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-12-01 | 深圳潜水侠创新动力科技有限公司 | Vert the control system and its method of nacelle underwater remote-control submarine |
| CN107839418A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-03-27 | 吉林工程技术师范学院 | A kind of method of hovercar and its auto-flare system posture |
| CN107839418B (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2020-08-04 | 吉林工程技术师范学院 | Flying automobile and method for automatically controlling flying attitude thereof |
| CN107933229A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-04-20 | 中北大学 | Balloon flighter quadrotor flight trolley |
| WO2019104796A1 (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-06-06 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN107985537A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-04 | 吉林大学 | A kind of amphibious submariner device of new culvert type |
| CN109436321A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-03-08 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of water sky of bionical electric ray is dual-purpose to detect dozen type unmanned plane |
| CN109760836A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-05-17 | 姜佩奇 | A kind of amphibious submersible of air-sea |
| CN110217064A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-09-10 | 上海海事大学 | A kind of water sky land three is dwelt submariner device |
| CN110217064B (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2022-08-30 | 上海海事大学 | Amphibious submersible vehicle |
| CN111114772A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-05-08 | 中国特种飞行器研究所 | Triphibian cross-medium aircraft capable of taking off and landing vertically |
| CN111703574A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-09-25 | 中南大学 | Dolphin-imitated variable configuration cross-medium aircraft |
| CN111959209A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-11-20 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Amphibious robot with wheel fin structure |
| CN112339514A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-02-09 | 武汉理工大学 | Water-air amphibious wing-changing type unmanned aerial vehicle |
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