CN104580944B - The method that relative detector calibration is carried out to ccd image - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method that relative detector calibration is carried out to ccd image, and the original image progress relative detector calibration for sweeping acquisition is pushed away to one-dimensional CCD camera, including：Step A, test one-dimensional each probe unit of CCD camera using integrating sphere method and export spoke brightness L in different integrating spheresj, different time of integration TkLower radiation calibration dataStep B, by each probe unit of one-dimensional CCD camera in different energy level Lj, different time of integration TkLower radiation calibration dataUsing improved relative detector calibration model, each probe unit relative detector calibration coefficient is calculated；And step C, to each pixel in original image, the relative detector calibration coefficient that probe unit is corresponded to using the pixel carries out radiation intensity correction, and then obtains the image after relative detector calibration.Present invention, avoiding when handling aviation linear array CCD image, due to time of integration difference inside caused same air strips and the problem of obvious aberration that adjacent waterway design image occurs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of remote sensing, in particular to a method for performing relative radiation correction on a CCD image.
Background
One of the core components of an aerial optical line load is a CCD (Charge-coupled Device) array, which contains a large number of detection units. Due to the limitation of the manufacturing process, the parameters of each detection unit cannot be guaranteed to be consistent, so that the response characteristics of each detection unit of the CCD array have certain differences. For a push-broom sensor, a remote sensing image is pushed and swept by a linear array CCD array, and due to the difference of response characteristics of all detection units of the CCD array, the final image has the phenomenon of uneven brightness in the whole field of view, and even shows stripe noise.
The radiation correction of the optical remote sensing image comprises relative radiation correction and absolute radiation correction, wherein: the relative radiation correction is to apply relative radiation scaling coefficients to the original image, eliminate the banding effect caused by the inconsistent response of the detection unit, and reduce the influence of the banding to the minimum or completely remove the effect; the absolute radiation correction is to apply an absolute radiation scaling coefficient to the image after the relative radiation correction to obtain the true physical information radiance represented by a dn (digital number) value of the image.
The existing relative radiation correction method is designed by eliminating the physical characteristic difference of the CCD array detection unit on the premise that the integration time of a CCD camera is fixed. FIG. 1A is a diagram of a prior art system for relative radiometric calibration of a CCD camera. Referring to fig. 1A, the method includes:
step S01, placing a standard light source output by m-level radiance in a half integrating sphere, placing a spectral radiometer and a test reflector at one side of an opening of the half integrating sphere, placing a lens of a CCD camera at the center of the opening of the half integrating sphere, and then sequentially connecting a CCD data transmission system, a CCD data transmission SCOE and a data acquisition system;
step S02, initializing j to 1;
step S03, adjusting the radiance output of the semi-integrating sphere light source to LjMeanwhile, a spectrum radiometer is used for measuring the output radiance of the half integrating sphere to verify the uniformity of the light source of the half integrating sphere and synchronously recording the output data of the half integrating sphere of the CCD cameraThe semi-integrating sphere outputs dataComprises the output data of each detection unit of the CCD camera detection array
Step S04, j equals j +1, if j is less than or equal to m, go to step S03, otherwise, execute step S05;
step S05, using CCD camera half integrating sphere output data to solve the scaling coefficient (G) of each detection unit i one by onei,Bi)，i＝1…N；
That is, for each camera detection unit, a linear equation set composed of m equations is established based on the output data of the CCD camera half integrating sphere recorded in step S03, a relative radiation correction coefficient is calculated using the least square method, a conventional relative radiation correction model is shown in formula (1),
whereinThe radiation brightness output of the ith detection unit at the semi-integrating sphere light source is LjOriginal DN value of time, BiIs the offset of the i-th detection unit, GiIs the gain of the ith detection unit, and N is the number of CCD detection units.
FIG. 1B is a relative radiation calibration curve for the ith detection cell. The abscissa is the actual output DN value of the ith probe, and the ordinate is the corrected output DN value of the ith probe. As can be seen from FIG. 1B, the radiation response of the CCD detection unit has good linearity, and the difference of the radiation response characteristics of the CCD array detection unit can be better corrected by the linear model as shown in formula (1).
For an aviation linear array CCD camera, in order to ensure the imaging quality of the sensor, the integration time generally varies with the flying height and speed of the airplane. The DN values output by CCD cameras vary due to differences in integration times of the CCD cameras, even under the same incident radiation conditions. If the aerial optical linear array load image is subjected to radiation correction by using the relative radiation correction method shown in fig. 1, DN values of the images acquired at different integration times after relative radiation correction are not on the same reference, so that obvious chromatic aberration occurs when corrected adjacent aerial belt images are used for splicing, and the splicing effect is affected. Meanwhile, the images of the same ground feature scene of adjacent navigation zones have different DN values due to dynamic change of integral time, so that the images cannot be subjected to absolute radiometric correction by using a uniform absolute radiometric calibration coefficient, and great difficulty is brought to subsequent absolute radiometric correction.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for performing relative radiation correction on CCD images, so as to avoid the problem of significant color difference occurring in the spliced images of the same flight band and adjacent flight bands due to the difference of integration time when processing the aerial linear array CCD images.
(II) technical scheme
The invention provides a method for performing relative radiation correction on a CCD (charge coupled device) image, which performs relative radiation correction on an original image obtained by push scanning of a one-dimensional CCD camera, and comprises the following steps: step A, testing the output radiance L of each detection unit of the one-dimensional CCD camera in different integrating spheres by using an integrating sphere methodjDifferent integration time TkLower radiometric calibration dataB, outputting radiance L by each detection unit of the one-dimensional CCD camera in different integrating spheresjDifferent integration time TkLower radiometric calibration dataCalculating the relative radiation correction coefficient of each detection unit by using the improved relative radiation correction model; and step C, performing radiation intensity correction on each pixel in the original image by using the relative radiation correction coefficient of the detection unit corresponding to the pixel, and further acquiring an image after relative radiation correction.
(III) advantageous effects
According to the technical scheme, the method for performing relative radiation correction on the CCD image has the following beneficial effects: when the image data of each row in the same flight zone and the adjacent flight zone images are subjected to relative radiation correction processing, the chromatic aberration phenomenon caused by dynamic change of the integral time of the detector during acquisition of each data is eliminated, the DN values of the same scenery in different flight zone images are ensured to be consistent, and the quality of image processing is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1A is a diagram of a prior art system for relative radiometric calibration of a CCD camera;
FIG. 1B is a graph of relative radiation correction of a single detection cell of a CCD array obtained using the method of FIG. 1A;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for performing relative radiation calibration on a CCD image according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram of a calibration system upon which the step of acquiring relative radiometric calibration data is based in the method of FIG. 2;
FIG. 3B is a flowchart of the step of acquiring relative radiometric calibration data in the method of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4A is a flowchart illustrating a step of calculating the relative radiation correction factors of the detecting elements in the method of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4B is a three-dimensional graph of the relative radiometric calibration curve obtained in the step of calculating the relative radiometric calibration coefficients of the detecting units in the method of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a step in the method of FIG. 2 in which a relatively radiation corrected image is acquired;
FIGS. 6A and 6B are two original images of selected adjacent flight bands of a certain aviation optical linear array load;
FIGS. 7A and 7B are the results of two image corrections using a prior art relative radiation correction method;
fig. 8A and 8B are the results of correcting two images by using the method for correcting an aerial optical linear array load image according to the embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that in the drawings or description, the same drawing reference numerals are used for similar or identical parts. Implementations not depicted or described in the drawings are of a form known to those of ordinary skill in the art. In addition, directional terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like, referred to in the following embodiments, are directions only referring to the drawings. Accordingly, the directional terminology is used for purposes of illustration and is in no way limiting.
According to the invention, the consideration of the influence of the integral time is added into the relative radiation correction model, and the normalization processing of the integral time difference is realized, so that the problem of obvious chromatic aberration generated in the spliced images of the same flight band and adjacent flight bands due to the integral time difference when the aerial linear array CCD images are processed is solved.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a method of relative radiation correction of a CCD image is provided. The method can carry out relative radiation correction on an original aerial optical linear array load image (the image size is M rows multiplied by N columns, wherein M represents the number of the rows of the linear array CCD camera in push scanning, and N represents the number of the detection units of the linear array) obtained by push scanning of a one-dimensional CCD camera comprising N detection units which are transversely arranged.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for performing relative radiation correction on a CCD image of the present embodiment includes:
step A, testing the output radiance L of each detection unit of the one-dimensional CCD camera in different integrating spheresjDifferent integration time TkLower radiometric calibration data
This step is based on the scaling system shown in fig. 3A. Referring to fig. 3A, the scaling system includes: integrating sphere, image acquisition card and controller. The controller is connected with the integrating sphere and a control signal of the CCD camera respectively to generate a control signal for controlling the integrating sphere to output radiance and the integration time of the CCD camera, and the controller is connected with the image acquisition card to store data acquired by the image acquisition card; integrating sphere asThe standard radiation source for the relative radiation calibration data test process has an opening center aligned with the CCD camera lens and an energy level [ L1,…,Lm]Wherein m is the number of energy levels of the integrating sphere light source; the CCD camera is a tested device and is controlled by the controller to convert the optical signal of the integrating sphere into an electric signal; the image acquisition card is connected with the CCD camera and the controller and is responsible for acquiring output data of the CCD camera, transmitting the output data to the controller and storing the output data.
Fig. 3B is a flowchart of the step of acquiring the relative radiometric calibration data in the method for performing the relative radiometric calibration on the CCD image shown in fig. 2. Referring to fig. 3B, the step a of obtaining the parameters for solving the relative radiation correction model is executed by the controller, and includes:
a substep A1, receiving the CCD camera integration time range and step required to be tested input by the user, and calculating the corresponding CCD camera integration time [ T [ ]1,…,Tn]Wherein n is the number of integration time to be tested;
substep a2, initializing camera integration time and integrating sphere light source output radiance, j being 1, k being 1;
sub-step A3, controlling the output radiance of integrating sphere light source to be Lj；
Substep A4, controlling the integration time of the CCD camera to be Tk；
Substep A5, recording the output data of the CCD camera by the image acquisition card, and outputting the output data of the CCD cameraAnd corresponding integrating sphere light source output radiance LjIntegral time TkStored on a computer, wherein i ═ 1,2, …, N;
substep a6, k ≦ k +1, jumping to substep a4 if k ≦ n, otherwise, performing substep a 7;
sub-step a7, j ≦ j +1, if j ≦ m, go to sub-step A3, otherwise, perform sub-step A8;
substep A8, ending and step a completing.
B, outputting radiance L by each detection unit of the one-dimensional CCD camera in different integrating spheresjDifferent integration time TkLower radiometric calibration dataCalculating the relative radiation correction coefficient of each detection unit by using the improved relative radiation correction model;
in order to eliminate the DN value difference of the images after the relative radiation correction caused by different integration time and facilitate the subsequent absolute radiation correction, the invention improves the conventional relative radiation correction model and adds the normalization treatment based on the linear array load integration time. The improved relative radiation correction model is shown in equation (2):
wherein,to correct for the DN value, it is determined by:
for the ith detection unit at radiance LjIntegration time TkThe original DN value of; t iskIs the integration time of the CCD camera and,the integration time is normalized for the CCD camera,namely the relative radiation correction coefficient of the ith detection unit.
Based on the above principle, as shown in fig. 4A, the step B of solving the relative radiation correction model based on the integral time variation includes:
a substep B1 of initializing i ═ 1, j ═ 1, and k ═ 1;
sub-step B2, extracting the output radiance of integrating sphere as LjThe CCD camera outputs data;
substep B3, calculating the integrating sphere output radiance as LjIntegration time ofAverage value of output data of CCD camera
Sub-step B4, j ≦ j +1, if j ≦ m, jump to sub-step B2, otherwise, perform sub-step B5;
substep B5 of converting the original value output from the i-th detection unitAnd average value of output data of CCD arraySubstituting the improved relative radiation correction model to obtain an equation set consisting of m × n equations, which is as follows:
sub-step B6, solving the above equation set by using least square method to obtain the relative radiation correction coefficient of the i-th detection unitStoring the relative radiation correction coefficient file as a relative radiation correction coefficient file;
sub-step B7, i ═ i +1, if i ≦ N, go to sub-step B5, otherwise, perform sub-step B8;
and sub-step B8, ending.
For each detection unit of a one-dimensional CCD camera, there is a set of relative radiation correction coefficientsThe improved relative radiation correction model of each detection unit of the CCD camera is a three-dimensional curved surface, where one dimension is the load integration time, and the difference caused by the integration time can be eliminated by using it, as shown in fig. 4B.
And step C, carrying out radiation intensity correction on each pixel in the original aerial optical linear array load image (the image size is M rows multiplied by N columns) obtained by actual aerial photography by using the relative radiation correction coefficient of the detection unit corresponding to the pixel, and further obtaining an image after relative radiation correction.
As shown in fig. 5, the step C of acquiring the relative radiation corrected image may further include:
a substep C1, acquiring an original aerial optical linear array load image;
a substep C2 of initializing the row number p to 1;
substep C3, extracting image data of the image of the p-th lineAnd integration time Tp；
A substep C4 of initializing column number i equal to 1;
sub-step C5, extracting the relative radiation correction coefficient of the i-th detection unit from the relative radiation correction coefficient file
Substep C6, for image dataEach data inCorrection of model and integration time T using relative radiationpAnd carrying out relative radiation correction on the data, and storing the data after the relative radiation correction:
sub-step C7, i ═ i +1, if i ≦ N, sub-step C5 is performed; otherwise, performing substep C8;
sub-step C8, p ═ p +1, if p ≦ M, sub-step C3 is performed; otherwise, performing substep C9;
and a substep C9 of combining the plurality of relative radiation corrected data into a relative radiation corrected image.
So far, the method for performing relative radiation correction on the CCD image is described in this embodiment.
In order to verify the effectiveness of the embodiment, the processing effects of two frames of original images of adjacent flight zones of a selected certain aviation optical linear array load are compared respectively by adopting the conventional relative radiation correction method and the aviation optical linear array load image correction method of the embodiment.
Fig. 6A and 6B are two frames of original images of adjacent flight bands of a selected aviation optical linear array load, the size of the image is 600 × 1030 (namely, the CCD array has 1030 detection units arranged transversely, and the image is formed by pushing and scanning 600 lines). As shown in fig. 6A and 6B, due to the dynamic variation of the integration time of the load in different strips, the DN values of the original images acquired in the same area have a significant difference, and the brightness of the right strip image is much higher than that of the left strip image.
Fig. 7A and 7B are results of correcting two images by using a conventional relative radiation correction method. As can be seen from fig. 7A and 7B, the image brightness inconsistency caused by the integration time dynamics is not eliminated.
Fig. 8A and 8B show the results of correcting two images by using the method of the present embodiment to perform relative radiation correction on CCD images. As can be seen from fig. 8A and 8B, after the two frames of original images are respectively corrected by using the relative radiation correction method based on the integration time normalization processing in the present embodiment, the phenomenon of image brightness inconsistency caused by dynamic variation of the integration time is better eliminated, and the subsequent absolute radiation correction processing is also facilitated.
Up to this point, the present embodiment has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. From the above description, those skilled in the art should clearly recognize the method of the present invention for performing relative radiation correction on CCD images. It should be noted that, although the above embodiments are described for processing an aerial image obtained from an aerial optical linear array load, the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be applied to image processing in other fields.
In addition, the above definitions of the respective elements are not limited to the various specific structures or shapes mentioned in the embodiments, and may be simply, commonly and alternatively replaced by those skilled in the art.
In summary, according to the characteristics of acquiring images by the aerial optical linear array load, normalization processing on the integration time is added in the relative radiation correction model, so that the relative radiation correction processing can be effectively carried out on the aerial optical linear array load images, the phenomenon of image brightness inconsistency caused by dynamic change of the integration time can be better eliminated, the DN values of the same scene in different flight zone images are ensured to be consistent horizontally, and further the subsequent absolute radiation correction processing is facilitated.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for performing relative radiation correction on a CCD image, which is characterized in that relative radiation correction is performed on an original image obtained by push-scanning a one-dimensional CCD camera, and comprises the following steps:
step A, testing the output radiance L of each detection unit of the one-dimensional CCD camera in different integrating spheres by using an integrating sphere methodjDifferent integration time TkLower radiometric calibration dataWherein:
i is 1,2, … …, N, N is the number of the detection units arranged transversely of the one-dimensional CCD camera;
j is 1,2, … …, m is the energy level number of the integrating sphere light source;
k is 1,2 … …, n, n is the number of integration times;
b, outputting radiance L by each detection unit of the one-dimensional CCD camera in different integrating spheresjDifferent integration time TkLower radiometric calibration dataCalculating the relative radiation correction coefficient of each detection unit by using the improved relative radiation correction model; and
step C, for each pixel in the original image, performing radiation intensity correction by using the relative radiation correction coefficient of the detection unit corresponding to the pixel, and further acquiring an image after relative radiation correction;
in step B, the improved relative radiation correction model is as follows:
<mrow> <msubsup> <mi>DN</mi> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>l</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mo>|</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mi>j</mi> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mi>r</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>T</mi> <mi>k</mi> <mi>r</mi> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>T</mi> <mi>k</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mo>...</mo> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mn>0</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msubsup> <mi>DN</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>w</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mo>|</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mi>j</mi> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
wherein, for the ith detection unit at radiance LjIntegration time TkThe original DN value of; t iskIs the integration time of the CCD camera and,the integration time is normalized for the CCD camera,i.e. the relative radiation calibration of the ith detection unitA positive coefficient.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein step B comprises:
substep B1: initializing i-1, j-1, and k-1;
substep B2: extracting L of output radiance of integrating spherejThe CCD camera outputs data;
substep B3: calculating the output radiance of the integrating sphere to be LjIntegration time ofAverage value of output data of CCD camera
Substep B4: j is j +1, if j is less than or equal to m, then go to sub-step B2, otherwise, execute sub-step B5;
substep B5: the original value output by the ith detection unitAnd average value of output data of CCD arraySubstituting the improved relative radiation correction model to obtain a system of m × n equations:
<mfenced open = "{" close = ""> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mi>N</mi> </mfrac> <munderover> <mi>&Sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </munderover> <msubsup> <mi>DN</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>w</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mo>|</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow> <mo>&lsqb;</mo> <mfrac> <mi>n</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>&rsqb;</mo> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mi>r</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>T</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mi>r</mi> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>T</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>...</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mn>0</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msubsup> <mi>DN</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>w</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mo>|</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mi>N</mi> </mfrac> <munderover> <mi>&Sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </munderover> <msubsup> <mi>DN</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>w</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mo>|</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow> <mo>&lsqb;</mo> <mfrac> <mi>n</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>&rsqb;</mo> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mi>r</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>T</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mi>r</mi> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>T</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>...</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mn>0</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msubsup> <mi>DN</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>w</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mo>|</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mn>...</mn> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mi>N</mi> </mfrac> <munderover> <mi>&Sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </munderover> <msubsup> <mi>DN</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>w</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mo>|</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow> <mo>&lsqb;</mo> <mfrac> <mi>n</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>&rsqb;</mo> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mi>r</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>T</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mi>r</mi> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>T</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>...</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mn>0</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msubsup> <mi>DN</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>w</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mo>|</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mi>N</mi> </mfrac> <munderover> <mi>&Sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </munderover> <msubsup> <mi>DN</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>w</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mo>|</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow> <mo>&lsqb;</mo> <mfrac> <mi>n</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>&rsqb;</mo> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mi>r</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>T</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mi>r</mi> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>T</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>...</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mn>0</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msubsup> <mi>DN</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>w</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mo>|</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mn>...</mn> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mi>N</mi> </mfrac> <munderover> <mi>&Sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </munderover> <msubsup> <mi>DN</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>w</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mo>|</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow> <mo>&lsqb;</mo> <mfrac> <mi>n</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>&rsqb;</mo> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mi>r</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>T</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mi>r</mi> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>T</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>...</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mn>0</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msubsup> <mi>DN</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>w</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mo>|</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mn>...</mn> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mi>N</mi> </mfrac> <munderover> <mi>&Sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </munderover> <msubsup> <mi>DN</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>w</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mo>|</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow> <mo>&lsqb;</mo> <mfrac> <mi>n</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>&rsqb;</mo> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mi>r</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>T</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mi>r</mi> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>T</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>...</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mn>0</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msubsup> <mi>DN</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>w</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mo>|</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mn>...</mn> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mi>N</mi> </mfrac> <munderover> <mi>&Sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </munderover> <msubsup> <mi>DN</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>w</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mo>|</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow> <mo>&lsqb;</mo> <mfrac> <mi>n</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>&rsqb;</mo> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mi>r</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>T</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mi>r</mi> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>T</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>...</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mn>0</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msubsup> <mi>DN</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>w</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mo>|</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced>
substep B6: solving the equation set by using a least square method to obtain the relative radiation correction coefficient of the ith detection unitStoring the relative radiation correction coefficient file as a relative radiation correction coefficient file; and
substep B7: if i is equal to i +1, jumping to sub-step B5 if i is equal to or less than N, otherwise, executing sub-step B8;
substep B8: and (6) ending.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that said step a is carried out based on a calibration system comprising: integrating sphere, image acquisition card and controller, wherein:
the controller is respectively connected with the integrating sphere and the control signal of the CCD camera, generates a control signal for controlling the integrating sphere to output radiance and the integration time of the CCD camera, is connected with the image acquisition card, and stores the data acquired by the image acquisition card;
the integrating sphere is used as a standard radiation source for a relative radiation calibration data test process, the center of an opening of the integrating sphere is aligned with the CCD camera lens, and the energy level of the integrating sphere is [ L ]1,…,Lm]Wherein m is the number of energy levels of the integrating sphere light source;
the CCD camera is a tested device, receives the control of the controller and converts the optical signal of the integrating sphere into an electric signal;
the image acquisition card is connected with the CCD camera and the controller and is responsible for acquiring the output data of the CCD camera and transmitting the output data to the controller.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein step A is performed by the controller and comprises:
substep A1, receiving CCD camera integration time range and step, calculating corresponding CCD camera integration time [ T [ ]1,…,Tn]Wherein n is the number of integration time to be tested;
substep a2, initializing camera integration time and integrating sphere light source output radiance, j being 1, k being 1;
sub-step A3, controlling the output radiance of the integrating sphere light source to be Lj；
Sub-step A4, controlling the integration time of the CCD camera to be Tk；
Substep A5, the image acquisition card records the output data of the CCD camera and outputs the output data of the CCD cameraAnd corresponding integrating sphere light source output radiance LjIntegral time TkStored on a computer, wherein i ═ 1,2, …, N;
substep a6, k ≦ k +1, jumping to substep a4 if k ≦ n, otherwise, performing substep a 7;
sub-step a7, j ≦ j +1, if j ≦ m, go to sub-step A3, otherwise, perform sub-step A8; and
and substep A8, ending.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein step C comprises:
a substep C1 of obtaining an original image;
a substep C2 of initializing the row number p to 1;
substep C3, extracting image data of the image of the p-th lineAnd integration time Tp；
A substep C4 of initializing column number i equal to 1;
sub-step C5, extracting the relative radiation correction coefficient of the i-th detection unit from the relative radiation correction coefficient file
Substep C6, for image dataEach data inCorrection of model and integration time T using relative radiationpRelative radiation correction is performed on it:
<mrow> <msubsup> <mi>DN</mi> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>l</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mo>|</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mi>j</mi> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mi>r</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>T</mi> <mi>k</mi> <mi>r</mi> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>T</mi> <mi>k</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mo>...</mo> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>a</mi> <mn>0</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msubsup> <mi>DN</mi> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>w</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mo>|</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mi>j</mi> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
and storing the data after the relative radiation correction;
sub-step C7, i ═ i +1, if i ≦ N, sub-step C5 is performed; otherwise, performing substep C8;
sub-step C8, p ═ p +1, if p ≦ M, sub-step C3 is performed; otherwise, performing substep C9; and
and a substep C9 of combining the plurality of relative radiation corrected data into a relative radiation corrected image.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the original image is an aerial optical linear array load image of M rows by N columns, where N represents the number of detection units of the linear array load CCD and M represents the number of rows swept by the linear array load CCD.
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| CN106600646B (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2019-05-24 | 北京空间机电研究所 | A kind of in-orbit image conformity bearing calibration of infrared sweeping camera |
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