CN104569930A - Leakage signal cancellation circuit of linear frequency modulation continuous wave radar - Google Patents
Leakage signal cancellation circuit of linear frequency modulation continuous wave radar Download PDFInfo
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- CN104569930A CN104569930A CN201410837775.4A CN201410837775A CN104569930A CN 104569930 A CN104569930 A CN 104569930A CN 201410837775 A CN201410837775 A CN 201410837775A CN 104569930 A CN104569930 A CN 104569930A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/36—Means for anti-jamming, e.g. ECCM, i.e. electronic counter-counter measures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a leakage signal cancellation circuit of a linear frequency modulation continuous wave radar. A transmission signal is transmitted by an antenna via a circulator; an input end of a first coupler is connected with the transmission signal; a through end of the first coupler is connected to the circulator; a coupled end of the first coupler is connected to an input end of a second coupler; a through end of the second coupler is connected to a signal input end of a vector modulator; a coupled end of the second coupler is connected to a phase shifter; the phase shifter is connected to an LO (Local Oscillator) signal input end of a quadrature mixer; leakage signal in the circulator is input to a third coupler; a through end of the third coupler is connected to a fourth coupler; a coupled end of the third coupler is connected with an output end of the vector modulator; a through end of the fourth coupler is connected to a receiver; a coupled end of the fourth coupler is connected to an RF (Radio Frequency) signal input end of the quadrature mixer; two differential signals output by the quadrature mixer are connected to the vector modulator via a differential operational amplifier, an active low pass filter and a summing circuit respectively; and the summing circuit and offset voltage carry out additive operation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to radio frequency microwave circuit technical field, be applicable to linear frequency modulation continuous wave radar, be specially adapted to the LFMCW radar system of single antenna.
Background technology
It is how between transceiver, to obtain enough isolations that continuous wave radar faces maximum challenge.Because the transmitting-receiving of continuous wave radar is carried out simultaneously, transmitter is made can not as pulsed radar, to adopt transmit-receive switch eliminate on the impact of receiver.Therefore, the shortcoming that continuous wave radar is the most serious is transmit signal leakage.Paired pulses radar, uses transmit-receive switch that transmitting and receiving can be made to separate in time, does not receive, do not launch during reception when namely launching.Transmit and receive in continuous wave radar and carry out simultaneously, and need when emissive power is several watts detection power 10
-6the useful target echo signal that the W order of magnitude is even lower will cause two serious problems: the noise that (1) transmits will flood useful signal; (2) signal leaked in receiver will reduce the sensitivity of receiver.When transmit signal power is larger, leaks into transmitting in receiver and the saturation of receiver not only can be made even may to burn receiver.For the radar system of single antenna, by the restriction of circulator isolation, most leakage is from the circulator be connected with receiver with transmitter, and generally the isolation of circulator only has 25-30dB.For the radar system of double antenna, most leakage is from the coupling at free space of emitting antenna and receiving antenna, and the radar system of double antenna can obtain the isolation of about 60dB.Major part Modulation Continuous Wave Radar uses two antennas to overcome the circulator of design high-isolation.But for the exigent radar system of complete machine sensibility in practice, use double antenna still can not meet the demands.
It is inevitable that LFM CW Radar Transmitted Signals leaks, and signals leakiness problem seriously governs the use of continuous wave radar.This has also been since radar is brought into use, the reason place that pulsed radar dominate and the use of continuous wave radar are restricted.Make the application of Modulation Continuous Wave Radar more extensive, signals leakiness problem must be solved.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of Modulation Continuous Wave Radar leakage signal cancellation circuit, leakage signal can be able to be made in dynamic frequency scanning situation to reduce more than 30dB, and relative bandwidth of operation is greater than 5%, when leakage signal phase and magnitude changes, the change of leakage signal can be adapted to, cancellation ratio is all at more than 30dB, and volume is little, and stability is high, be convenient to and the system integration, be applicable to all LFMCW radar systems.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: wherein transmit by circulator by antenna transmission, it is characterized in that, this cancellation circuit comprises the first coupling mechanism, the second coupling mechanism, the 3rd coupling mechanism and the 4th coupling mechanism, vector modulator, phase shifter, amplifier, orthogonal mixer, the first differential operational amplifier, the second differential operational amplifier, the first active low-pass filter, the second active low-pass filter, the first adding circuit and the second adding circuit.
Wherein annexation is: transmitting is inputted by the input end of the first coupling mechanism, described circulator is inputed to by the straight-through end of the first coupling mechanism, the coupled end of the first coupling mechanism is connected to the input end of described second coupling mechanism, the straight-through end of the second coupling mechanism is connected to the signal input part of vector modulator, the coupled end of the second coupling mechanism is connected to phase shifter, phase shifter is connected to the local oscillator LO signal input part of described orthogonal mixer by amplifier, leakage signal in described circulator inputs to the 3rd coupling mechanism, the straight-through end of the 3rd coupling mechanism is connected to the 4th coupling mechanism, the coupled end of the 3rd coupling mechanism is connected with the output terminal of described vector modulator, the straight-through end of the 4th coupling mechanism is connected to receiver, the coupled end of the 4th coupling mechanism is connected to the radio frequency rf signal input end of described orthogonal mixer, orthogonal mixer has two-way output terminal, be respectively I road difference output end and Q road difference output end, wherein I road difference output end connects the first differential operational amplifier and the first active low-pass filter in turn, the output terminal of the first active low-pass filter is connected to an input end of the first adding circuit, another input end of the first adding circuit access bucking voltage, Q road difference output end connects the second differential operational amplifier and the second active low-pass filter in turn, and the output terminal of the second active low-pass filter is connected to an input end of the second adding circuit, another input end of the second adding circuit access bucking voltage, the output terminal of the first adding circuit and the output terminal of the second adding circuit are connected to two control voltage ends of described vector controller respectively.
Further, bucking voltage is fixing d. c. voltage signal, and the defining method of bucking voltage is: test obtains when orthogonal mixer only has LO signal to input, when RF port does not have signal to input, and the output voltage of differential operational amplifier; Wherein bucking voltage and test that the output voltage numerical value that obtains is equal, symbol is contrary.
Further, the degree of coupling of the first coupling mechanism is 15dB; The degree of coupling of described second coupling mechanism is 6dB; The degree of coupling of described 3rd coupling mechanism is 6dB; The degree of coupling of described 4th coupling mechanism is 9dB.
Further, active low-pass filter is second order active low-pass filter.
Further, adding circuit comprises totalizer, the first resistance R
1, the second resistance R
2, the 3rd resistance R
3, the 4th resistance R
4with the 5th resistance R
5and the 6th resistance R
f;
The negative-phase input of described totalizer is by the second resistance R
2ground connection, the output terminal of totalizer is by the 6th resistance R
fwith the first resistance R
1ground connection, negative-phase input is by the 6th resistance R
fbe connected to the output terminal of totalizer; The positive input of described totalizer is by the 5th resistance R
5ground connection; Wherein the output terminal of active low-pass filter is by the 3rd resistance R
3be connected to the normal phase input end of totalizer, the output voltage signal of source low-pass filter is V
iN1, bucking voltage V
iN2by the 4th resistance R
4be connected to the normal phase input end of totalizer, wherein R
1=R
2=R
3=R
4=R
5=R
f, the output terminal output voltage V of totalizer
o=V
iN1+ V
iN2.
Beneficial effect:
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, overcomes frequency mixer local oscillation signal in closed loop radio frequency cancellation circuit and reveals this problem that cannot eliminate of restriction cancellation ratio.Leakage signal can be made in dynamic frequency scanning situation to reduce more than 30dB, relative bandwidth of operation is greater than 5%, when leakage signal phase and magnitude changes, the change of leakage signal can be adapted to, cancellation ratio is all at more than 30dB, and volume is little, and stability is high, be convenient to and the system integration, be applicable to all LFMCW radar systems.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is Modulation Continuous Wave Radar leakage signal cancellation circuit schematic diagram provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is second order active low-pass loop filter schematic diagram in Modulation Continuous Wave Radar leakage signal cancellation circuit provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 is adding circuit schematic diagram in Modulation Continuous Wave Radar leakage signal cancellation circuit provided by the invention;
Fig. 4 tests with the rear single-frequency point cancellation ratio of compensation before Modulation Continuous Wave Radar leakage signal cancellation circuit provided by the invention compensates error voltage;
Fig. 5 is cancellation ratio test in dynamic frequency scanning situation before Modulation Continuous Wave Radar leakage signal cancellation circuit provided by the invention compensates error voltage;
Fig. 6 is cancellation ratio test in dynamic frequency scanning situation after Modulation Continuous Wave Radar leakage signal cancellation circuit provided by the invention compensates error voltage;
Fig. 7 is that linear frequency modulation continuous wave signal frequency provided by the invention is from high-end to the time transition schematic diagram of frequency low side.
Embodiment
To develop simultaneously embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of Modulation Continuous Wave Radar leakage signal cancellation circuit, wherein transmit by circulator by antenna transmission, this cancellation circuit comprises the first coupling mechanism, the second coupling mechanism, the 3rd coupling mechanism and the 4th coupling mechanism, vector modulator, phase shifter, amplifier, orthogonal mixer, the first differential operational amplifier, the second differential operational amplifier, the first active low-pass filter, the second active low-pass filter, the first adding circuit and the second adding circuit; .
Wherein annexation is: transmitting is inputted by the input end of the first coupling mechanism, described circulator is inputed to by the straight-through end of the first coupling mechanism, the coupled end of the first coupling mechanism is connected to the input end of described second coupling mechanism, the straight-through end of the second coupling mechanism is connected to the signal input part of vector modulator, the coupled end of the second coupling mechanism is connected to phase shifter, phase shifter is connected to the local oscillator LO signal input part of described orthogonal mixer by amplifier, leakage signal in described circulator inputs to the 3rd coupling mechanism, the straight-through end of the 3rd coupling mechanism is connected to the 4th coupling mechanism, the coupled end of the 3rd coupling mechanism is connected with the output terminal of described vector modulator, the straight-through end of the 4th coupling mechanism is connected to receiver, the coupled end of the 4th coupling mechanism is connected to the radio frequency rf signal input end of described orthogonal mixer, orthogonal mixer has two-way output terminal, be respectively I road difference output end and Q road difference output end, wherein I road difference output end connects the first differential operational amplifier and the first active low-pass filter in turn, the output terminal of the first active low-pass filter is connected to an input end of the first adding circuit, another input end of the first adding circuit access bucking voltage, Q road difference output end connects the second differential operational amplifier and the second active low-pass filter in turn, and the output terminal of the second active low-pass filter is connected to an input end of the second adding circuit, another input end of the second adding circuit access bucking voltage, the output terminal of the first adding circuit and the output terminal of the second adding circuit are connected to two control voltage ends of described vector controller respectively.
Fig. 1 is radio frequency cancellation circuit schematic diagram of the present invention, is mainly divided into two parts: radio frequency cancellation circuit and low frequency control circuit form.This cancellation circuit is formed primarily of vector modulator, orthogonal mixer, coupling mechanism, phase shifter, active low-pass filter, adding circuit.Here adopt closed loop policy, utilizing adding circuit to reduce frequency mixer and leak due to local oscillation signal the direct-flow error voltage produced, is the key improving cancellation ratio.As shown in fig. 1, to transmit by the straight-through end of coupling mechanism 1 through circulator by antenna transmission, because circulator isolation is between 25dB ~ 30dB, transmits from circulator and leak the power of coming much larger than echo signal power.Transmit after coupling mechanism 1, enter coupling mechanism 2, through the straight-through end of coupling mechanism 2 as the input signal of vector modulator, produce through the modulation of vector modulator and offset signal.The signal that coupling mechanism 2 coupled end exports through phase shifter, amplifier as the LO signal of orthogonal mixer.The leakage signal do not offseted is through the straight-through end of coupling mechanism 3, and coupling mechanism 4 coupled end is as the RF signal of orthogonal mixer.Orthogonal mixer is used for detecting the phase and magnitude of leakage signal.RF signal becomes the single-ended orthogonal d. c. voltage signal of I, Q two-way with the complete rear output two paths of differential signals I+ of LO signal mixing, this differential signal of I-, Q+, Q-after differential operational amplifier, this two paths of signals involves after adding circuit through active low pass, acts on appropriate modulator.Vector modulator in Fig. 1, coupling mechanism 3, coupling mechanism 4, quadrature downconvert frequency, differential operational amplifier, active loop wave filter (Fig. 2), adding circuit (Fig. 3) constitute the negative-feedback circuit of a closed loop.Vector modulator export to offset signal equal with leakage signal amplitude at the output terminal of coupling mechanism 3, phase 180 °.Because mixer LO signals is leaked to RF port, and produce a direct current signal with LO signal self-mixing, direct current signal after this direct current signal and RF signal and the mixing of LO signal is superimposed, concerning appropriate modulator, this is an error voltage, and cannot eliminate, finally can affect cancellation ratio.This is also all closed loop radio frequency cancellation circuit problems faced, and the present invention's adding circuit compensates the impact of this error voltage.An adding circuit wherein road input signal is I road after mixing or Q road d. c. voltage signal, an other road is a fixing d. c. voltage signal, the size of this voltage can only have LO signal to input at orthogonal mixer, when RF port does not have signal to input, the output voltage of test differential operational amplifier is determined, needs the voltage sign of compensation contrary with the magnitude of voltage equal symbol of test.After error voltage compensation precompensation, the contrast of single-frequency point cancellation ratio as shown in Figure 4.In frequency sweep situation, error voltage compensates the contrast of front and back cancellation ratio as shown in Figure 5, Figure 6.
Offset part at radio frequency, altogether used 4 coupling mechanisms, the degree of coupling and the effect of each coupling mechanism are different.Coupling mechanism 1 Main Function is coupled out suitable power by transmitting, and the degree of coupling is 15dB; The effect of coupling mechanism 2 is that transmitting of being coupled out by coupling mechanism 1 is coupled out the LO signal of a road as orthogonal mixer again, and straight-through output signal is used for generation and offsets signal, and the degree of coupling is 6dB; Leakage signal with offset signal and complete in coupling mechanism 3 and offset, the degree of coupling is 6dB; The straight-through end of coupling mechanism 4 exports useful echoed signal, and leakage signal is through the coupling port of coupling mechanism 4, and for orthogonal mixer provides RF signal, the degree of coupling is 9dB, and the degree of coupling of coupling mechanism 4 can not be too little, otherwise can affect Received signal strength.In radio frequency cancellation circuit, as shown in the mark in figure, the delay inequality of path A, path B, path C must be equal.Guarantee that leakage signal is less than loop bandwidth at low frequency control circuit with the difference on the frequency offseting signal, orthogonal mixer output signal is difference form, needs differential signal to be converted into one-channel signal, is used herein differential operational amplifier.The spurious signal that active low-pass filter filtering orthogonal mixer exports, and provide certain gain for loop, the loop bandwidth of loop filter determines the tracking power that active loop wave filter changes leakage signal, leakage signal is linear frequency modulation continuous wave, and frequency is greater than 4us (see Fig. 7) from the high-end transit time to low side.So the response time of loop is 4us to the maximum.Loop filter in the present invention is second order active low-pass filter.The DC error signal adding circuit that previous analysis mixer LO signals is introduced compensates, and this adding circuit is as shown in Figure 3.Work as R
1=R
2=R
3=R
4=R
5=R
ftime, V
o=V
iN1+ V
iN2, wherein V
iN1for output I road signal or the Q road signal of orthogonal mixer, V
iN2for needing the voltage compensated.
In sum, these are only preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a Modulation Continuous Wave Radar leakage signal cancellation circuit, wherein transmit by circulator by antenna transmission, it is characterized in that, this cancellation circuit comprises the first coupling mechanism, the second coupling mechanism, the 3rd coupling mechanism and the 4th coupling mechanism, vector modulator, phase shifter, amplifier, orthogonal mixer, the first differential operational amplifier, the second differential operational amplifier, the first active low-pass filter, the second active low-pass filter, the first adding circuit and the second adding circuit;
Wherein annexation is: transmitting is inputted by the input end of the first coupling mechanism, described circulator is inputed to by the straight-through end of the first coupling mechanism, the coupled end of the first coupling mechanism is connected to the input end of described second coupling mechanism, the straight-through end of the second coupling mechanism is connected to the signal input part of vector modulator, the coupled end of the second coupling mechanism is connected to phase shifter, phase shifter is connected to the local oscillator LO signal input part of described orthogonal mixer by amplifier, leakage signal in described circulator inputs to the 3rd coupling mechanism, the straight-through end of the 3rd coupling mechanism is connected to the 4th coupling mechanism, the coupled end of the 3rd coupling mechanism is connected with the output terminal of described vector modulator, the straight-through end of the 4th coupling mechanism is connected to receiver, the coupled end of the 4th coupling mechanism is connected to the radio frequency rf signal input end of described orthogonal mixer, orthogonal mixer has two-way output terminal, be respectively I road difference output end and Q road difference output end, wherein I road difference output end connects the first differential operational amplifier and the first active low-pass filter in turn, the output terminal of the first active low-pass filter is connected to an input end of the first adding circuit, another input end of the first adding circuit access bucking voltage, Q road difference output end connects the second differential operational amplifier and the second active low-pass filter in turn, and the output terminal of the second active low-pass filter is connected to an input end of the second adding circuit, another input end of the second adding circuit access bucking voltage, the output terminal of the first adding circuit and the output terminal of the second adding circuit are connected to two control voltage ends of described vector controller respectively.
2. a kind of Modulation Continuous Wave Radar leakage signal cancellation circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described bucking voltage is fixing d. c. voltage signal, the defining method of bucking voltage is: test obtains when orthogonal mixer only has LO signal to input, when RF port does not have signal to input, the output voltage of differential operational amplifier; Wherein bucking voltage and test that the output voltage numerical value that obtains is equal, symbol is contrary.
3. a kind of Modulation Continuous Wave Radar leakage signal cancellation circuit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the degree of coupling of described first coupling mechanism is 15dB; The degree of coupling of described second coupling mechanism is 6dB; The degree of coupling of described 3rd coupling mechanism is 6dB; The degree of coupling of described 4th coupling mechanism is 9dB.
4. a kind of Modulation Continuous Wave Radar leakage signal cancellation circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described active low-pass filter is second order active low-pass filter.
5. a kind of Modulation Continuous Wave Radar leakage signal cancellation circuit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described adding circuit comprises totalizer, the first resistance R
1, the second resistance R
2, the 3rd resistance R
3, the 4th resistance R
4with the 5th resistance R
5and the 6th resistance R
f;
The negative-phase input of described totalizer is by the second resistance R
2ground connection, the output terminal of totalizer is by the 6th resistance R
fwith the first resistance R
1ground connection, negative-phase input is by the 6th resistance R
fbe connected to the output terminal of totalizer; The positive input of described totalizer is by the 5th resistance R
5ground connection; Wherein the output terminal of active low-pass filter is by the 3rd resistance R
3be connected to the normal phase input end of totalizer, the output voltage signal of active low-pass filter is V
iN1, bucking voltage V
iN2by the 4th resistance R
4be connected to the normal phase input end of totalizer, wherein R
1=R
2=R
3=R
4=R
5=R
f, the output terminal output voltage V of totalizer
o=V
iN1+ V
iN2.
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| CN201410837775.4A CN104569930A (en) | 2014-12-29 | 2014-12-29 | Leakage signal cancellation circuit of linear frequency modulation continuous wave radar |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410837775.4A CN104569930A (en) | 2014-12-29 | 2014-12-29 | Leakage signal cancellation circuit of linear frequency modulation continuous wave radar |
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| CN105824014A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2016-08-03 | 电子科技大学 | Signal cancellation circuit of stepping frequency radar and stepping frequency radar |
| CN106199188A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-12-07 | 中国科学院紫金山天文台 | A kind of device and method utilizing the change of removal cable phase place in circulator calibration vector field measurement |
| CN106533473A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-03-22 | 湖南纳雷科技有限公司 | Radio frequency cancellation system and method for continuous wave radar |
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