CN104544475B - A kind of method and apparatus of intensity adjustable microwave radiation technology freezing musculus cutaneus - Google Patents
A kind of method and apparatus of intensity adjustable microwave radiation technology freezing musculus cutaneus Download PDFInfo
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- CN104544475B CN104544475B CN201410809729.3A CN201410809729A CN104544475B CN 104544475 B CN104544475 B CN 104544475B CN 201410809729 A CN201410809729 A CN 201410809729A CN 104544475 B CN104544475 B CN 104544475B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/36—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/26—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by irradiation without heating
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of intensity adjustable microwave radiation technology freezing musculus cutaneus, comprise the following steps：(1) precooling；(2) first stage microwave freezing is handled：At 28~32 DEG C, frequency is used to carry out intermittent processing for the microwave of 2.45GHz：In a microwave cycle, the real time of microwave operational is the 50%~60% of microwave cycle；The processing intensity of microwave is 700W~1000W；(3) second stage microwave freezing processing is carried out：At 28~32 DEG C, frequency is used to carry out intermittent processing for the microwave of 2.45GHz；In a microwave cycle, the real time of microwave operational is the 40%~50% of microwave cycle；The processing intensity of microwave is 300W~600W；(4) it is sent into freezer and carries out cold storage.Present invention decreases the size of musculus cutaneus ice crystal, juice loss rate, nutritive loss and destruction to mouthfeel are reduced to minimum.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to frozen food technology field, the method for more particularly to a kind of intensity adjustable microwave radiation technology freezing musculus cutaneus and
Device.
Background technology
Frozen food store technology be reduce temperature and change food in water form by way of, come suppress microorganism and
The activity of enzyme and the activity in food substrate is reduced, so that prevent food spoilage, keep the freshness and nutritive value of food.
At present, food quick freezing technology is for example air-cooled, tablet contact, circulating brine, liquid nitrogen frozen the methods of also have it is considerable
Development.In addition, the novel freezing mode such as the freezing of ultrasonic wave auxiliary, the freezing of super-pressure auxiliary, electric field-assisted freezing is also carrying out
The exploration gradually to move towards the industrialization from laboratory.
Microwave is electric wave of the frequency in 300MHz to 300GHz, its fast-changing electromagnetic field of high frequency causes polarity in material
Hydrone fast vibration.Microwave radiation technology freezing is freezing method emerging in recent years.Its principle is the electricity by high intensity
Magnetic disturbance produces disturbance to the cluster arrangement hydrone, excessive hydrone is avoided by Hydrogenbond, in freezing
During add microwave pulse, the cluster of hydrone can be broken up in the case where avoiding heat from producing, or even break up shape
Into relatively large ice crystals.This make it that the ice crystal quantity of frozen samples is more, particle is small, so as to largely reduce large ice crystals to cell
The damage of structure.In addition, microwave freezing can also control the temperature of nucleation.
Chinese patent ZL201110319272.4 discloses a kind of novel freezing dumpling and preparation method thereof；Chinese patent
ZL03134811.4 discloses the processing method and its microwave freeze-drying equipment of freeze-dried instant noodles；Chinese patent
ZL201120400043.0 also describes a kind of preparation method of novel freezing dumpling.The side of the frozen noodles of these patent disclosures
It is owned by France in conventional method, forming the ice sheet of attachment by will freeze dumpling immersion in dumpling crust to completely cut off air etc. prevents face
The cracking of skin, but this can make the taste bad of defrosting dumpling, reduce the suppleness of musculus cutaneus.
Wheaten food is one of China's staple food, and due to the needs for transporting and storing, frozen noodles become in the market pith, but
Since existing wheaten food Refrigeration Technique is limited, the flavor tastes of frozen noodles is bad, cooking loss is big, nutrition leak is serious.This hair
The microwave radiation technology wheaten food freezing of bright introduction can effectively keep the original flavor and quality of wheaten food, minimize refrigerating process pair
The influence of wheaten food quality.The defects of freezing musculus cutaneus using existing method is：The musculus cutaneus that conventional method is freezed can produce larger
Ice crystal, destruction is produced to the structure of wheaten food, so that the guttation that thaws, boiling deformation and mouthfeel are bad.It is in addition, existing new cold
Jelly method respectively has drawback, and ultrasonic wave auxiliary freezing produces noise, and the freezing of super-pressure auxiliary is high to equipment requirement and equipment is expensive, no
Beneficial to industrial a large amount of productions.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the disadvantages mentioned above of the prior art and deficiency, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of intensity adjustable microwave is auxiliary
The method for helping freezing musculus cutaneus, by combining the microwave of circulating frozen liquid and intensity adjustable, reduces the size of musculus cutaneus ice crystal, by juice stream
Mistake rate, nutritive loss and the destruction to mouthfeel are reduced to minimum.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the device for the intensity adjustable microwave radiation technology freezing musculus cutaneus for realizing the above method.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of method of intensity adjustable microwave radiation technology freezing musculus cutaneus, comprises the following steps：
(1) precooling is carried out to musculus cutaneus；
(2) first stage microwave freezing processing is carried out to musculus cutaneus：At -28~-32 DEG C, frequency is used as 2.45GHz's
Microwave carries out intermittent processing：
In a microwave cycle, the real time of microwave operational is the 50%~60% of microwave cycle；The processing of microwave
Intensity is 700W~1000W；Wherein, the processing strength definition of microwave accounts for the percentage of microwave cycle for the real time of microwave operational
Than the product with microwave actual power；
(3) second stage microwave freezing processing is carried out to musculus cutaneus：At -28~-32 DEG C, frequency is used as 2.45GHz's
Microwave carries out intermittent processing；
In a microwave cycle, the real time of microwave operational is the 40%~50% of microwave cycle；The processing of microwave
Intensity is 300W~600W；
(4) musculus cutaneus is sent into freezer and carries out cold storage.
Step (1) described precooling, is specially：It is pre-chilled to 4 DEG C ± 1 DEG C.
The total time of the first stage microwave freezing processing is 12min~18min.
The total time of the second stage microwave freezing processing is 12min~18min.
Step (4) described cold storage, temperature are -18 DEG C.
The device of the intensity adjustable microwave radiation technology freezing musculus cutaneus of the method for the intensity adjustable microwave radiation technology freezing musculus cutaneus, including it is micro-
Corrugated skin conveyor, upper freeze cycle chamber, lower freeze cycle chamber, first stage microwave freezing processing chamber, first stage microwave hair
Raw system, second stage microwave freezing processing chamber and second stage microwave generation system；
The upper freeze cycle chamber is arranged on the top of microwave musculus cutaneus conveyor, and lower freeze cycle chamber is transmitted arranged on microwave musculus cutaneus
The lower section of band；The lower surface of the upper freeze cycle chamber, the upper surface of the lower freeze cycle chamber are made of polymeric membrane；
The first stage microwave freezing processing chamber is connected with first stage microwave generation system；
The second stage microwave freezing processing chamber is connected with second stage microwave generation system；
It is described that when musculus cutaneus is transmitting in microwave musculus cutaneus conveyor, the lower surface of upper freeze cycle chamber is bonded with musculus cutaneus, under
The upper surface of freeze cycle chamber is bonded with the lower surface of microwave musculus cutaneus conveyor, and musculus cutaneus passes sequentially through institute with microwave musculus cutaneus conveyor
State first stage microwave freezing processing chamber and second stage microwave freezing processing chamber.
The freezing liquid that the upper freeze cycle chamber and the lower freeze cycle chamber use is less than -35 DEG C of refrigerating for chill point
Agent.
The freezing liquid is the alcohol that concentration is 55%.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect：
(1) present invention can control freezing nucleation time, and compare by combination circulating frozen liquid and the microwave of intensity adjustable
Classic flat-plate contact refrigeration method reduces the particle size of ice crystal up to more than 40%, so as to ensure that product shows after thawing without guttation
As keeping original flavor, boiling is indeformable.
(2) simple dipping freezing method is compared, the present invention reduces the particle size of ice crystal in musculus cutaneus up to more than 25%,
Musculus cutaneus is set to possess original flavor to a greater extent.
(3) method of the invention is by maximizing the benefits, has accomplished to ensure frozen product quality in the case of most energy saving.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the intensity adjustable microwave radiation technology of the embodiment of the present invention freezes the schematic device of musculus cutaneus.
Fig. 2 is the vertical sectional view that the intensity adjustable microwave radiation technology of the embodiment of the present invention freezes the device of musculus cutaneus.
Fig. 3 is the ice crystal size and distribution map of the musculus cutaneus that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is handled and control group.
Fig. 4 is the ice crystal size and distribution map of the musculus cutaneus that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is handled and control group.
Fig. 5 is the ice crystal size and distribution map of the musculus cutaneus that the embodiment of the present invention 3 is handled and control group.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment intensity adjustable microwave radiation technology freezing musculus cutaneus device include microwave musculus cutaneus conveyor 1,
Upper freeze cycle chamber 2, lower freeze cycle chamber 3, first stage microwave freezing processing chamber 4, first stage microwave generation system, second
Stage microwave freezing processing chamber 5 and second stage microwave generation system.The first stage microwave freezing processing chamber 4 and the first rank
Section microwave generation system is connected；The second stage microwave freezing processing chamber 5 is connected with second stage microwave generation system.
The first stage microwave generation system includes the generation of the first microwave and 6 and first microwave cavity resonance of transmitting device
Device 7.
The second stage microwave generation system includes the generation of the second microwave and 8 and second microwave cavity resonance of transmitting device
Device 9.
It is 55% alcohol as freezing liquid that the upper freeze cycle chamber 2, which uses concentration, and upper surface is rigid plastics, following table
Face is polymeric membrane, this enables microwave cavity closed well and circulating frozen liquid can be completely seamlessly docile in face
Pi Shang, makes musculus cutaneus uniformly be cooled.Upper freeze cycle chamber 2 is equipped with upper freeze cycle entrance 10 and upper freeze cycle outlet 11.
It is 55% alcohol as freezing liquid that the lower freeze cycle chamber 3, which uses concentration, and upper surface is rigid plastics, following table
Face is polymeric membrane, equipped with lower freeze cycle entrance 12 and lower freeze cycle outlet 13.
As shown in Fig. 1~2, the upper freeze cycle chamber 2 is arranged on the top of microwave musculus cutaneus conveyor, lower freeze cycle chamber 3
Arranged on the lower section of microwave musculus cutaneus conveyor；It is described when musculus cutaneus 14 is transmitting in microwave musculus cutaneus conveyor, upper freeze cycle chamber 2
Lower surface is bonded with musculus cutaneus, and the upper surface of lower freeze cycle chamber 3 is bonded with the lower surface of microwave musculus cutaneus conveyor, and musculus cutaneus is with microwave
Musculus cutaneus conveyor passes sequentially through first stage microwave freezing processing chamber and second stage the microwave freezing processing chamber.
Detailed introduction is done to the part composition of the device of the present embodiment below：
Microwave musculus cutaneus conveyor：Traveled at the uniform speed with the speed of 2m/h~3m/h, followed with ensureing that musculus cutaneus uniformly receives -30 DEG C
The cold liquid freezing of ring and microwave radiation.
Microwave freezing processing chamber (including first stage microwave freezing processing chamber and second stage microwave freezing processing chamber)：It is micro-
Ripple freezes reaction cavity, and cavity airtight, is closely connected with upper refrigerating circulation system, safe.The ruler of microwave freezing processing chamber
Very little is 60cm (length) * 60cm (width) * 50cm (height).
Microwave cavity resonator：So that microwave is first shaken several cycles in cavity by privileged direction, with processing chamber
Produce strong concussion electric field.
First microwave occurs and transmitting device：Using the processing intensity of 700W~1000W, the reality in each microwave cycle
Working time is 50%~60%.For breaing up the hydrogen bond between the hydrone of cluster in early days, beneficial to forming the small and quantity of individual
More ice crystals.
Second microwave occurs and transmitting device：It is slight using the processing of 300W~600W, the reality in each microwave cycle
Working time is 40%~50%.For accelerating heat and mass transfer process, it turn avoid heat aggregation and produce negative effect.
The method of the intensity adjustable microwave radiation technology freezing musculus cutaneus of the present embodiment is as follows：
Take raw material：160 parts of Clear powder, 60 parts of fecula, 170 parts of boiling water, to be put into large stirrer uniform for 10 parts of oil.Cool down
After stand, wait dough leavening.After 1h, provocation is complete.Dough is pressed into 0.5cm flakes and is cooled to 3 DEG C in advance, musculus cutaneus is rolled up
Get up, put and prepare freezing on a moving belt.Upper freeze cycle chamber and lower freeze cycle chamber are connected on to the system of model HRS-140F
Freeze cycle, flow 0.2L/min are carried out in cold.The self-control microwave equipment pulse power is opened, its working frequency is
2.45GHz.Later on conveyer belt, speed 2.5m/h.Deng question handler by first stage microwave freezing processing chamber, second-order
Section microwave freezing processing chamber, then musculus cutaneus is rolled, it is sent into -18 DEG C of freezer cold storage.
Wherein, the design parameter of the first stage microwave freezing processing in microwave freezing processing chamber is in the first stage：-
At 28 DEG C, frequency is used to carry out intermittent processing for the microwave of 2.45GHz：In a microwave cycle, the reality of microwave operational
Time is the 60% of microwave cycle；The processing intensity of microwave is 700W；Wherein, the processing strength definition of microwave is microwave operational
Real time accounts for the percentage of microwave cycle and the product of microwave actual power.
In second stage microwave freezing processing chamber second stage microwave freezing processing design parameter be：At -28 DEG C
Under, use frequency to carry out intermittent processing for the microwave of 2.45GHz；In a microwave cycle, the real time of microwave operational
For the 40% of microwave cycle；The processing intensity of microwave is 400W.
Manufactured in the present embodiment is the quick-frozen skin of quick-frozen pyramid dumplings and steamed dumpling stuffed with lard and sugar.
The present embodiment is also prepared for control group, and the processing method of control group is except not plus in addition to microwave, other conditions are the same.
It is big into normal distribution, average grain diameter with the frozen samples ice crystal size of intensity adjustable microwave radiation technology by sections observation
It is only 21.5 μm small, for the 73% of control, and drawn by the particle size distribution of R statistical softwares statistics ice crystal, it is micro- with intensity adjustable
The frozen samples ice crystal size distribution of ripple auxiliary is uniform, and standard deviation is only 7.81 μm, and the ice crystal size distribution of control group is uneven,
Standard deviation is 18.13 μm.Fig. 3 intuitively express the present invention and control group ice crystal mean size and statistical distribution it is general
Condition.
Embodiment 2
Take raw material：3 parts of white granulated sugar, 3 parts of salt, 6 parts of yeast, is dissolved with 200 parts 50 DEG C of water.Again plus 60 parts of fecula, oil 10
It is uniform that part is put into large stirrer.Stood after cooling down, wait dough leavening.After 2h, provocation is complete.Dough is pressed into
0.6cm flakes, and musculus cutaneus is rolled and is cooled to 4 DEG C in advance, put and prepare freezing on a moving belt.By upper freeze cycle chamber with
Freeze cycle chamber, which is connected on the refrigeration machine of model HRS-248W, carries out freeze cycle, and flow is 0.1L/min.Open through changing
The EG025LC7-NSH microwave pulse power supplys of dress.Later on conveyer belt, speed 3m/h.It is micro- by the first stage Deng question handler
Ripple freezing processing chamber, second stage microwave freezing processing chamber, then musculus cutaneus is rolled, it is sent into freezer cold storage.
Wherein, the design parameter of the first stage microwave freezing processing in microwave freezing processing chamber is in the first stage：-
At 32 DEG C, frequency is used to carry out intermittent processing for the microwave of 2.45GHz：In a microwave cycle, the reality of microwave operational
Time is the 55% of microwave cycle；The processing intensity of microwave is 900W.
In second stage microwave freezing processing chamber second stage microwave freezing processing design parameter be：At -32 DEG C
Under, use frequency to carry out intermittent processing for the microwave of 2.45GHz；In a microwave cycle, the real time of microwave operational
For the 45% of microwave cycle；The processing intensity of microwave is 500W.
Quick-frozen skin manufactured in the present embodiment for quick-frozen steamed stuffed bun.
The present embodiment is also prepared for control group, and the processing method of control group is -20 DEG C of common tablet contact freezings.
By sections observation, and -20 DEG C of common tablet contact refrigerations, with the frozen samples ice crystal of intensity adjustable microwave radiation technology
Size is into normal distribution, only 16.3 μm of Average Particle Diameters, for the 32% of control, and by the particle size distribution of statistics ice crystal
Draw, uniform with the frozen samples ice crystal size distribution of intensity adjustable microwave radiation technology, standard deviation is only 5.27 μm, and the ice of control group
Brilliant size distribution is uneven, and standard deviation is 33.97 μm.Fig. 4 intuitively express the present invention and control group ice crystal mean size and
Statistical distribution overview.
Embodiment 3
Take raw material：30 parts of the spiced salt, 3 parts of salt, 2 parts of yeast, is dissolved with 300 parts 50 DEG C of water.Increase again 1000 parts of gluten flour,
20 parts of oil, 5 parts of chive, 5 parts of white sesameseed is put into the uniform 40min of large stirrer.Stood after cooling down, wait dough leavening.
After 2h, provocation is complete.Dough is pressed into 0.6cm flakes and is cooled to 5 DEG C in advance, musculus cutaneus is rolled, is put accurate on a moving belt
Standby freezing.Upper freeze cycle chamber and lower freeze cycle chamber are connected on the refrigeration machine of model HRS-248W and carry out freeze cycle,
Flow is 0.1L/min.Open modified EG025LC7-NSH microwave pulse power supplys.Later on conveyer belt, speed are
2m/h.Pass through first stage microwave freezing processing chamber, second stage microwave freezing processing chamber Deng question handler, then musculus cutaneus rolled,
It is sent into freezer cold storage.
Wherein, the design parameter of the first stage microwave freezing processing in microwave freezing processing chamber is in the first stage：-
At 30 DEG C, frequency is used to carry out intermittent processing for the microwave of 2.45GHz：In a microwave cycle, the reality of microwave operational
Time is the 60% of microwave cycle；The processing intensity of microwave is 950W.
In second stage microwave freezing processing chamber second stage microwave freezing processing design parameter be：At -30 DEG C
Under, use frequency to carry out intermittent processing for the microwave of 2.45GHz；In a microwave cycle, the real time of microwave operational
For the 45% of microwave cycle；The processing intensity of microwave is 550W.
Manufactured in the present embodiment is quick-frozen hand grasping pie musculus cutaneus.
The present embodiment is also prepared for control group, and the processing method of control group is -20 DEG C of common tablet contact freezings.
By sections observation, and -20 DEG C of common tablet contact refrigerations, with the frozen samples ice crystal of intensity adjustable microwave radiation technology
Size is into normal distribution, only 23.3 μm of Average Particle Diameters, for the 48% of control, and by the grain of R statistical softwares statistics ice crystal
Footpath size distribution show that uniform with the frozen samples ice crystal size distribution of intensity adjustable microwave radiation technology, standard deviation is only 8.31 μm, and
The ice crystal size distribution of control group is uneven, and standard deviation is 32.64 μm.Fig. 5 intuitively expresses the ice crystal of the present invention and control group
Mean size and statistical distribution overview.
Above-described embodiment is the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention and from the embodiment
Limitation, other any Spirit Essences without departing from the present invention with made under principle change, modification, replacement, combine, simplification,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. method of intensity adjustable microwave radiation technology freezing musculus cutaneus, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：(1) precooling is carried out to musculus cutaneus；(2) first stage microwave freezing processing is carried out to musculus cutaneus：At -28~-32 DEG C, microwave of the frequency for 2.45GHz is used Carry out intermittent processing：In a microwave cycle, the real time of microwave operational is the 50%~60% of microwave cycle；The processing intensity of microwave For 700W~1000W；Wherein, the processing strength definition of microwave for the real time of microwave operational account for the percentage of microwave cycle with The product of microwave actual power；(3) second stage microwave freezing processing is carried out to musculus cutaneus：At -28~-32 DEG C, microwave of the frequency for 2.45GHz is used Carry out intermittent processing；In a microwave cycle, the real time of microwave operational is the 40%~50% of microwave cycle；The processing intensity of microwave For 300W~600W；(4) musculus cutaneus is sent into freezer and carries out cold storage；Step (1) described precooling, is specially：It is pre-chilled to 4 DEG C ± 1 DEG C；The total time of the first stage microwave freezing processing is 12min~18min；The total time of the second stage microwave freezing processing is 12min~18min.
- 2. the method for intensity adjustable microwave radiation technology freezing musculus cutaneus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (4) is described Cold storage, temperature are -18 DEG C.
- 3. realize the intensity adjustable microwave radiation technology of the method for any one of the claim 1~2 intensity adjustable microwave radiation technology freezing musculus cutaneus Freeze the device of musculus cutaneus, it is characterised in that including microwave musculus cutaneus conveyor, upper freeze cycle chamber, lower freeze cycle chamber, the first rank Section microwave freezing processing chamber, first stage microwave generation system, second stage microwave freezing processing chamber and second stage microwave hair Raw system；The upper freeze cycle chamber is arranged on the top of microwave musculus cutaneus conveyor, and lower freeze cycle chamber is arranged on microwave musculus cutaneus conveyor Lower section；The lower surface of the upper freeze cycle chamber, the upper surface of the lower freeze cycle chamber are made of polymeric membrane；The first stage microwave freezing processing chamber is connected with first stage microwave generation system；The second stage microwave freezing processing chamber is connected with second stage microwave generation system；It is described when musculus cutaneus is transmitting in microwave musculus cutaneus conveyor, the lower surface of upper freeze cycle chamber is bonded with musculus cutaneus, lower freezing The upper surface of torus is bonded with the lower surface of microwave musculus cutaneus conveyor, and musculus cutaneus passes sequentially through described with microwave musculus cutaneus conveyor One stage microwave freezing processing chamber and second stage microwave freezing processing chamber.
- 4. the device of intensity adjustable microwave radiation technology freezing musculus cutaneus according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the upper freezing follows The freezing liquid that ring cavity and the lower freeze cycle chamber use is less than -35 DEG C of refrigerating medium for chill point.
- 5. the device of intensity adjustable microwave radiation technology according to claim 4 freezing musculus cutaneus, it is characterised in that the freezing liquid is Concentration is 55% alcohol.
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| CN116473185B (en) * | 2023-03-24 | 2024-04-26 | 扬州冶春食品生产配送股份有限公司 | Method for improving thawing recovery rate of frozen steamed stuffed bun green body through composite treatment |
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