CN104539587A - Thing access and group interaction method used for Internet of things - Google Patents
Thing access and group interaction method used for Internet of things Download PDFInfo
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- CN104539587A CN104539587A CN201410746190.1A CN201410746190A CN104539587A CN 104539587 A CN104539587 A CN 104539587A CN 201410746190 A CN201410746190 A CN 201410746190A CN 104539587 A CN104539587 A CN 104539587A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thing access and group interaction method used for the Internet of things. Through using the method, a group conception is introduced, so that retransmission rapidity and security are achieved in the processes of secure transmission and retransmission, and the purpose of higher adaptability to the characteristics of the Internet of things is achieved. Moreover, reliable transmission on the basis of a thing access and management platform or on the basis of grouping is adopted for retransmission, in this way, the load of the access and management platform is reduced, and the security of the access and management platform is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to group's access protocol field, be specifically related to the access of a kind of object for Internet of Things and group communication method.
Background technology
Internet of Things is the tide next time of Information Technology Development.Internet of Things access technology is an important directions of Internet of Things research.Internet of Things access technology studies the technology how also to be communicated with it by internet of things equipment access network.Existing Internet of Things access protocol achieves internet of things equipment as MQTT, ETSIM2M, CoAP etc. and Internet of Things is applied or Internet of Things object accesses two-way communication between management platform.A lot of application scenarios is had to be the equipment disposing a large amount of isomorphisms in same panel region in Internet of Things.These equipment are constructively same or similar, also similar in security requirement.If these equipment can be processed as a group, rapidity and the fail safe of re-transmission can be realized when carrying out safe transmission, re-transmission, reaching the object adapting to Internet of Things feature better.But above-mentioned agreement does not set up group's concept, there is no special character when processing these equipment, being all these equipment are regarded as an independently individuality, communicating respectively.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides the access of a kind of object for Internet of Things and group communication method, by introducing the concept of group, rapidity and the fail safe that can realize re-transmission when carrying out safe transmission, re-transmission can being made, reaching the object adapting to Internet of Things feature better.
For object access and the group communication method of Internet of Things, comprising: body comprises device model (PE-Model), gateway (Gateway), equipment (PE), interface, data point, PE divide into groups (PE-Group) six modules;
Wherein, described PE-Model is device model, for describing the parameter such as attribute, interface that a kind equipment has;
Gateway represents gateway, for object being connected to object access and management platform
PE is for describing a real equipment;
PE-Group is used for the core of dividing into groups to PE;
Object access and management platform, for object access Internet of Things under environment of internet of things;
Described agreement to specific works flow process be:
Step one: grouping initialization
First user needs to set up interface with management platform by grouping in object access and sets up and newly divide into groups, and wherein, described grouping generally carries out a point group selection according to identical geographical position or identical device type; Meanwhile, this unique packet ID of dividing into groups can be generated when setting up grouping;
Step 2: registration PE also adds grouping
By filling in computing capability corresponding to PE and energy consumption level is registered PE, and, in PE registration process, by filling in the packet ID generated in step one in register interface, PE is divided into groups;
Step 3, equipment trusting relationship are set up
Relation that equipment and object access and management platform breaks the wall of mistrust;
Step 4: grouping head determines
Determine to be accessed by object to complete with management platform; Head in grouping can be determined by head's election algorithm, or be selected by human configuration;
Step 5: set up grouping trusting relationship
In grouping, all devices, gateway and platform break the wall of mistrust relation, and after clear and definite head, then think built vertical trusting relationship of dividing into groups;
Step 6: order or transfer of data
After grouping foundation completes, carry out normal data transfer; And judge whether transmit leg and object access receive the response of recipient with management, if receive, then complete group protocol workflow; Otherwise execution step 7;
Step 7: order or data re-transmission
Accessed with management platform content to be delivered to resend by object and retransmit.
Especially, the concrete grammar that in described step 3, equipment trusting relationship is set up is: object access sends an encrypted random number+current time with the management platform private key of oneself to equipment, equipment first with object access with management platform PKI to random nnrber decryption, subsequently with own private key to random number+current time be encrypted be sent to object access and management platform; Object access and management platform equipment public key decryptions random number, if be verified, trusting relationship is set up; Object access subsequently accesses with management object can issue trust key for communication encryption to equipment with management platform.
Especially, in described step 4, the concrete steps of head's election algorithm are:
1st step: whether object access and management platform judge to divide into groups by manually have selected head, if manually select, then execution the 2nd step; Otherwise, perform the 3rd step;
2nd step: object access determines head with management platform according to manually setting, and head's result is sent to each group membership; Complete head to select;
3rd step: object access detects whether have gateway with management platform, if do not have gateway, then performs the 5th step, otherwise performs the 4th step;
4th step: object access detects gateway quantity with management platform, if having unique gateway in grouping, then this object of selection accesses with management platform with management platform by object access is unique gateway head, and head's result is sent to each group membership; Complete head to select; Otherwise, perform the 5th step,
5th step: object access is selected according to PE network condition, PE ability to bear and PE computing capability with management platform, general, selects PE network condition best, PE ability to bear is strong, PE computing capability is strong is head, and head's result is sent to each group membership; Complete head to select.
Especially, it is characterized in that, under the described state setting up grouping trusting relationship in step 5, ensure that the security process of group's access protocol is:
Step 1: object access and management platform and equipment carry out the maintenance of trusting relationship:
Object access regularly can issue new communication key to equipment with management platform;
Step 2: object access and management platform checkout facility trusting relationship
If equipment occurs that communication key mistake and the access of message object cannot be understood or authentication error with management platform continuously; Then think that information relationship breaks; Perform step 3; If trusting relationship does not go wrong, then continue to perform step 1;
Step 3: object access goes with management platform trusting relationship of dividing into groups
If when an equipment is judged as not by trust, then by device packets all devices, comprise grouping head in internal labeling for not trusted;
Step 4: the recovery of trusting relationship
Need to re-establish trusting relationship one by one in each equipment in this grouping, namely re-execute step 3 to step 5; Again trusting relationship is recovered; Step 1 will be reentered after step 4 completes.
Especially, if as equipment, the standard that in described step 2, trusting relationship judges occurs that 3 authentication errors maybe cannot be understood continuously, then think fraction.
Especially, the interface direction in the transfer of data in described step 6 adopts Direction mark, and definition changes the Direction of uplink message mark into down by original up, then object access judges to forward this message with management platform.
Especially, retransmit in described step 7 and comprise based on object access and the transmitting process of management platform and packet-based transmitting.
Especially, the described re-transmission based on object access and the transmitting process of management platform access by transmit leg and object and management platform directly retransmits.
Especially, described packet-based transmitting is accessed by transmit leg and object, with management platform, content is handed to recipient place group head, and head acknowledges receipt of this content subsequently to transmit leg, and will carry out repeating transmission for group member and send; After recipient and group member acknowledge receipt of message, by head on behalf of replying to transmit leg, transmitting process will be completed.
Especially, described group member's off-line, head will keep in transmission content, after group member reaches the standard grade, be transmitted to group member; After recipient and group member acknowledge receipt of message, by head on behalf of replying to transmit leg, transmitting process will be completed.
Beneficial effect:
1, in data transmission procedure, adopt Direction to carry double-point information, that is: adopt and change the Direction of uplink message mark into down by original up, solve the problem the need of message repeating, save communication bandwidth.
2, to adopt based on object access with the transmitting of management platform or adopt packet-based transmitting to retransmit, reduce the load of access and management platform, improve the load of access and management platform.
3, under normal circumstances, there is trust problem in an equipment, and probably this region miscellaneous equipment also goes wrong, adopt the trust model based on group, and be adapted to the feature distribution of internet of things equipment deployment, whole packet equipment is all labeled as and is not trusted, improve fail safe.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the access of a kind of object for Internet of Things and group communication structure chart.
Fig. 2 is the access of a kind of object for Internet of Things and group communication method flow diagram.
Fig. 3 is that grouping head elects flow chart.
Embodiment
To develop simultaneously embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe the present invention.
The invention provides the access of a kind of object for Internet of Things and group communication method.Wherein, described a kind of access of the object for Internet of Things and group communication method are used for multiple equipment to divide group, and access object; As shown in Figure 1, system that this kind of object for Internet of Things access and group communication method adopt specifically comprises device model (PE-Model), gateway, equipment (PE), interface, data point, PE divide into groups (PE-Group) six modules;
Wherein,
PE-Model is device model, represents the equipment of certain type, may correspond to the example with multiple PE.PE-Model can use object self-described language (PSDL) to describe.PE-Model can describe the parameter such as attribute, interface that a kind equipment has.
Gateway
Gateway represents gateway, and object can be accessed and management platform by gateway attached article, also can directly attached article access and management platform.If PE is accessed and management platform by gateway attached article, then gateway becomes the Connection Proxy of this PE, and the link address of corresponding PE is all this gateway address.
PE
PE represents concrete equipment, has the owner, the attributes such as PE-ID corresponding to certain PE-Model, PE.
Interface
Interface is under the jurisdiction of equipment, and an interface has a specific function, represents a data flow.The description of interface is generally present in PE-Model, but also dynamically adds by interface or delete.
Data point
Data point is a data exchange process of interface, and data point stored according to the time, have recorded complete operation and the data of interface
PE-Group
PE-Group is the core for dividing into groups to PE.Multiple PE or gateway can form a PE-Group, and each PE-Group shares identical packet ID and Group-ID.Each Group needs a grouping head and Group-leader.
The determination of grouping head (Group-leader):
If there is the existence of gateway in a Group, then generally serve as Group-leader by gateway.If there is multiple gateway, then comparatively strong by computing capability, the good gateway of network condition is served as.If do not have gateway, generally by energy bandwidth, not limited or relatively limited less PE node is served as.
Object access and management platform, for object access Internet of Things under environment of internet of things;
As shown in Figure 2, the specific works flow process of its agreement is:
Step one: grouping initialization
First user needs to set up interface with management platform by grouping in object access and sets up and newly divide into groups, and wherein, described grouping generally carries out a point group selection according to identical geographical position or identical device type.Meanwhile, this unique packet ID of dividing into groups can be generated when setting up grouping.
Step 2: registration PE also adds grouping
In the process of PE registration, need to select the grouping belonging to PE, and fill in the packet ID generated in step one in the register interface of PE, select to add corresponding grouping.When PE registers, need to fill in computing capability corresponding to PE, energy consumption level.
Step 3: equipment trusting relationship is set up
Relation that equipment and object access and management platform breaks the wall of mistrust.Its detailed process is:
The mode of setting up of trusting relationship is:
Object access sends an encrypted random number+current time with the management platform private key of oneself to equipment, equipment first with object access with management platform PKI to random nnrber decryption, subsequently with own private key to random number+current time be encrypted be sent to object access and management platform.Object access and management platform equipment public key decryptions random number, if be verified, trusting relationship is set up.Object access subsequently can issue trust key for communication encryption to equipment with management platform.After trusting relationship is set up, can communicate.
Step 4: grouping head determines
As shown in Figure 3; Grouping head determines to be accessed by object to complete with management platform.Head in grouping can be determined by head's election algorithm, or be selected by human configuration.Mark human configuration is by accessing and management platform grouping management interface, by manually having selected at object.Step 3 will re-start when there being new PE to add grouping at every turn.
Head elects selection algorithm: head's election algorithm is used in PE-group, select suitable head.Head's election algorithm is a comprehensive election algorithm in conjunction with role, computing capability, energy consumption and network condition.
Its specific algorithm is: first, and PE-group has gateway and common PE.If have in group and only have a gateway, then gateway is selected to be head.If there is multiple gateway, then consider gateway computing capability and network condition.Computing capability uses BogoMIPS to weigh, and network adopts packet loss, time delay, bandwidth to weigh.The gateway that the weighted product of computing capability and network capabilities is high obtains head.
If there is no gateway in grouping, then judge further.For common PE, the PE that energy consumption ability to bear is strong, computing capability is strong, network condition is good obtains head.
Its concrete steps are:
1st step: whether object access and management platform judge to divide into groups by manually have selected head, if manually select, then execution the 2nd step; Otherwise, perform the 3rd step.
2nd step: object access determines head with management platform according to manually setting, and head's result is sent to each group membership; Complete head to select.
3rd step: object access detects whether have gateway with management platform, if do not have gateway, then performs the 5th step, otherwise performs the 4th step;
4th step: object access detects gateway quantity with management platform, if having unique gateway in grouping, then this object of selection accesses with management platform with management platform by object access is unique gateway head, and head's result is sent to each group membership; Complete head to select.Otherwise, perform the 5th step,
5th step: object access is selected according to PE network condition, PE ability to bear and PE computing capability with management platform, general, selects PE network condition best, PE ability to bear is strong, PE computing capability is strong is head, and head's result is sent to each group membership; Complete head to select.
Step 5: set up grouping trusting relationship
In grouping, all devices, gateway and object accesss and management platform breaks the wall of mistrust relation, and after clear and definite head, then think built vertical trusting relationship of dividing into groups.
After object access and management platform and equipment/gateway break the wall of mistrust relation, set up object access and management platform and grouping trusting relationship;
If each equipment, the built vertical trusting relationship of gateway in grouping, and head determines, then think that object access and management platform and grouping break the wall of mistrust relation.
In order to the fail safe of guarantee agreement, as shown in Figure 3, the detailed process of its protocol security is as follows:
Step 1: object access and management platform and equipment carry out the maintenance of trusting relationship:
Object access regularly can issue new communication key to equipment with management platform.General, every 10 points of kinds issue the once new secret key of communication.
Step 2: object access and management platform checkout facility trusting relationship
If equipment is continuous occur that communication key mistake and the access of message object cannot be understood or authentication error with management platform for 3 times.Then think that information relationship breaks.Perform step 3.Consider based on to the instable fault-tolerance of communication link, 1 to 2 times garble can be accepted, and therefore adopts the standard judged as trusting relationship of slipping up continuously for 3 times.If trusting relationship does not go wrong, then continue to perform step 1.
Step 3: object access goes with management platform trusting relationship of dividing into groups
If when an equipment is judged as not by trust, then by device packets all devices, comprise grouping head in internal labeling for not trusted.Based on the consideration that a device packets is relevant device, namely a device packets is logically be deployed in the same area, has the equipment of similar functions.There is trust problem in an equipment, then this region miscellaneous equipment very possible also goes wrong, and is therefore all labeled as by whole packet equipment and is not trusted.
Step 4: the recovery of trusting relationship
Need the relation that breaks the wall of mistrust one by one in this grouping each equipment interior, and re-start head's decision process and just again can recover trusting relationship.Step 1 process will be reentered after step 4 completes.
Step 6: order or transfer of data
After grouping foundation completes, normally can carry out order or transfer of data.Data transmission procedure is mainly the two-way communication of DDP.Transmission both sides are for object access and management platform and equipment, gateway and equipment, equipment and equipment, gateway and object access and management platform four kinds.Transfer of data is divided into normal transmission and transmitting two kinds.If data transmission procedure success, then flow process leaves it at that.Wherein, described transmission success criterion is that transmit leg and object access receive recipient respond with management platform, and error of transmission is that transmit leg does not receive response in time-out time.
Wherein, described order or data message all use Json string or XML format to encapsulate.
Order is made up of header information and Payload, and head comprises: operation address, method of operation, affiliated Group-ID and parameter (comprising version, length etc.); Payload adopts label data mark.
Data by version, length, interface type, interface direction, whether require response, encryption, whether transmit follow-up data with cipher mode, whether be that response, transmission means, response results and session id are formed, wherein:
Interface type DataOrCtrl identifies, and interface is data type or control type, corresponding selectable value " Data "/" Control "; Interface type determines the agreement that interface channel carries, due to the transmission bandwidth of data type and delay requirement higher, therefore choose udp protocol; Because Control Cooling is higher to reliability requirement, therefore choose Transmission Control Protocol;
Interface direction Direction identifies, initiator to be object access with management platform initiates be also non-object access and management platform initiate, corresponding selectable value " Down "/" Up "; Under normal circumstances, if uplink message, Direction is designated Up, if downlink message, Direction is designated down.But consider for the aspect saving bandwidth, change the Direction of uplink message mark into down by original up, then object access judges to forward this message with management platform; So, one can be saved the need of the field forwarded;
Embodiment is as follows:
Wherein, message transmission is as follows:
Downstream interface calls
{
" address ": "/pe/pe-idxxxx/if/ifidxxxx ", // operand is shown to be PEID is the interface of the PE of pe-idxxxx to connection object, its ID is ifidxxxx, for clear and definite operand;
" operation ": " post ", // method of operation is post, corresponds to call, for clear and definite method of operation for interface, post operation;
" group-id ": " 100102 ", the corresponding ID of group belonging to // this PE, for the grouping of clear and definite operand;
" version ": " 1.0 ", // version that this message is corresponding, for judging the version of message;
" transmission ": " Normal " // do not carry out transmitting, carry out transmitting for judging whether;
" length ": " 45 ", the length of // data message, for defining the length of message;
" DataOrCtrl ": " Control ", // this interface is control style interface, is data channel or control channel for clear and definite this interface;
" Direction ": " Down ", the transmission direction of // interface is descending, for explicit data message transmissions direction;
" Response ": " True ", // this interface does not need response, judges whether to need to respond for connection object;
" Encryption ": " False " // this interface data do not need encryption, for clear and definite the need of decrypted message;
" data ": // show from then on to be all down data message,
" name ": " adjust-temperature ", // data label title, for transmitting bookmark name;
" temperature ": "+10 " // data label value, for transmitting label correlation values;
}
}
Normal transmission
If carry out normal transmission, i.e. common point-to-point transmitting procedure, then arrive this flow process and terminate.
Transmitting
If carry out transmitting, checking " transmission " field of message, if its value is " platform/head ", is transmitting.Finally add the overall MD5 eap-message digest of message transfer at message, if reciever verification is correct, then respond correct message.If there is mistake in transmitting process, then enter step 7.Criterion is: if respond incorrect (MD5 check errors) or do not meet with a response (exceeding TIMEOUT), then transmit leg need send message again.
Step 7, order or data re-transmission
According to based on object access and the transmitting process of management platform, then directly to be retransmitted by transmit leg.
According to packet-based transmitting, process is as follows: content is handed to recipient place group head with management platform by transmit leg and object access, and head acknowledges receipt of this content subsequently to transmit leg.Now there occurs responsibility conversion, the responsibility of repeating transmission has moved to recipient and has organized head.Head will retransmit for group member.If group member's off-line, head will keep in transmission content, after group member reaches the standard grade, be transmitted to group member.After recipient and group member acknowledge receipt of message, by head on behalf of replying to transmit leg, transmitting process will be completed.
In sum, these are only preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the access of the object for Internet of Things and group communication method, it is characterized in that, comprising: body comprises device model (PE-Model), gateway (Gateway), equipment (PE), interface, data point, PE divide into groups (PE-Group) six modules;
Wherein, described PE-Model is device model, for describing the parameter such as attribute, interface that a kind equipment has;
Gateway represents gateway, for object being connected to object access and management platform
PE is for describing a real equipment;
PE-Group is used for the core of dividing into groups to PE;
Object access and management platform, for object access Internet of Things under environment of internet of things;
Described agreement to specific works flow process be:
Step one: grouping initialization
First user needs to set up interface with management platform by grouping in object access and sets up and newly divide into groups, and wherein, described grouping generally carries out a point group selection according to identical geographical position or identical device type; Meanwhile, this unique packet ID of dividing into groups can be generated when setting up grouping;
Step 2: registration PE also adds grouping
By filling in computing capability corresponding to PE and energy consumption level is registered PE, and, in PE registration process, by filling in the packet ID generated in step one in register interface, PE is divided into groups;
Step 3, equipment trusting relationship are set up
Relation that equipment and object access and management platform breaks the wall of mistrust;
Step 4: grouping head determines
Determine to be accessed by object to complete with management platform; Head in grouping can be determined by head's election algorithm, or be selected by human configuration;
Step 5: set up grouping trusting relationship
In grouping, all devices, gateway and platform break the wall of mistrust relation, and after clear and definite head, then think built vertical trusting relationship of dividing into groups;
Step 6: order or transfer of data
After grouping foundation completes, carry out normal data transfer; And judge whether transmit leg and object access receive the response of recipient with management, if receive, then complete group protocol workflow; Otherwise execution step 7;
Step 7: order or data re-transmission
Accessed with management platform content to be delivered to resend by object and retransmit.
2. object access as claimed in claim 1 and group communication method, it is characterized in that, the concrete grammar that in described step 3, equipment trusting relationship is set up is: object access sends an encrypted random number+current time with the management platform private key of oneself to equipment, equipment first with object access with management platform PKI to random nnrber decryption, subsequently with own private key to random number+current time be encrypted be sent to object access and management platform; Object access and management platform equipment public key decryptions random number, if be verified, trusting relationship is set up; Object access subsequently accesses with management object can issue trust key for communication encryption to equipment with management platform.
3. object access as claimed in claim 1 and group communication method, it is characterized in that, in described step 4, the concrete steps of head's election algorithm are:
1st step: whether object access and management platform judge to divide into groups by manually have selected head, if manually select, then execution the 2nd step; Otherwise, perform the 3rd step;
2nd step: object access determines head with management platform according to manually setting, and head's result is sent to each group membership; Complete head to select;
3rd step: object access detects whether have gateway with management platform, if do not have gateway, then performs the 5th step, otherwise performs the 4th step;
4th step: object access detects gateway quantity with management platform, if having unique gateway in grouping, then this object of selection accesses with management platform with management platform by object access is unique gateway head, and head's result is sent to each group membership; Complete head to select; Otherwise, perform the 5th step,
5th step: object access is selected according to PE network condition, PE ability to bear and PE computing capability with management platform, general, selects PE network condition best, PE ability to bear is strong, PE computing capability is strong is head, and head's result is sent to each group membership; Complete head to select.
4. object access as claimed in claim 1 and group communication method, is characterized in that, under the described state setting up grouping trusting relationship in step 5, ensures that the security process of group's access protocol is:
Step 1: object access and management platform and equipment carry out the maintenance of trusting relationship:
Object access regularly can issue new communication key to equipment with management platform;
Step 2: object access and management platform checkout facility trusting relationship
If equipment occurs that communication key mistake and the access of message object cannot be understood or authentication error with management platform continuously; Then think that information relationship breaks; Perform step 3; If trusting relationship does not go wrong, then continue to perform step 1;
Step 3: object access goes with management platform trusting relationship of dividing into groups
If when an equipment is judged as not by trust, then by device packets all devices, comprise grouping head in internal labeling for not trusted;
Step 4: the recovery of trusting relationship
Need to re-establish trusting relationship one by one in each equipment in this grouping, namely re-execute step 3 to step 5; Again trusting relationship is recovered; Step 1 will be reentered after step 4 completes.
5. the access of the as claimed in claim 4 group of object and group communication method, is characterized in that, if as equipment, the standard that in described step 2, trusting relationship judges occurs that 3 authentication errors maybe cannot be understood continuously, then thinks fraction.
6. object access as claimed in claim 1 and group communication method, it is characterized in that, interface direction in transfer of data in described step 6 adopts Direction mark, and definition changes the Direction of uplink message mark into down by original up, then object access judges to forward this message with management platform.
7. object access as claimed in claim 1 and group communication method, is characterized in that, retransmits to comprise to access and the transmitting process of management platform and packet-based transmitting based on object in described step 7.
8. object access as claimed in claim 7 and group communication method, is characterized in that, the described re-transmission based on object access and the transmitting process of management platform is accessed by transmit leg and object and management platform directly retransmits.
9. object access as claimed in claim 7 and group communication method, it is characterized in that, described packet-based transmitting is accessed by transmit leg and object, with management platform, content is handed to recipient place group head, head acknowledges receipt of this content subsequently to transmit leg, and will carry out repeating transmission for group member and send; After recipient and group member acknowledge receipt of message, by head on behalf of replying to transmit leg, transmitting process will be completed.
10. object access as claimed in claim 9 and group communication method, is characterized in that, described group member's off-line, and head will keep in transmission content, after group member reaches the standard grade, be transmitted to group member; After recipient and group member acknowledge receipt of message, by head on behalf of replying to transmit leg, transmitting process will be completed.
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