CN104535254B - A kind of external surface of buildings wind pressure measurement method - Google Patents
A kind of external surface of buildings wind pressure measurement method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of external surface of buildings wind pressure measurement method, including：Make rigid model and arrange pressure tap；Single-wheel time wind tunnel experiment is carried out to rigid model, is obtained point coefficient of wind pres independent peak and is retained sequence, the average coefficient of wind pres independent peak reservation sequence in face；The face scale parameter and face location parameter that the point scale parameter for retaining the obeyed the extreme value distribution of sequence to a coefficient of wind pres independent peak retains the obeyed the extreme value distribution of sequence with point location parameter, the average coefficient of wind pres independent peak in face carries out Maximum-likelihood estimation, determines point coefficient of wind pres design maximum value, the average coefficient of wind pres design maximum value of minimal design value and face, minimal design value；Determine the least favorable design maximum value and least favorable minimal design value, the least favorable design maximum value of the average coefficient of wind pres in face and least favorable minimal design value of point coefficient of wind pres；Determine external surface of buildings blast.The inventive method have low cost, safe the characteristics of, can be widely applied to building field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to e measurement technology, more particularly to a kind of external surface of buildings wind pressure measurement method.
Background technology
In actual production, life, the security performance of all kinds of buildings is related to the security of the lives and property of people, therefore builds
The security performance for building thing is always the focal issue that people are concerned about.It is building as the blast for affecting one of building safety performance
Thing building enclosure and its Main Load of connector, here, buildings exterior-protected structure includes door and window, building curtain wall, roof boarding, wall
Panel, purlin, wall beam etc..At present, determine that the maximally effective approach of buildings exterior-protected structure outer surface blast is wind tunnel model test,
Which carries out rigid model manometric test to building structure, according to model outer surface in boundary layer wind tunnel according to similarity principle
The coefficient of wind pres time-histories of measuring point obtains buildings exterior-protected structure extreme value coefficient of wind pres least favorable value, and then obtains least favorable extreme value wind
Press the design wind pressure as buildings exterior-protected structure outer surface.It is critical only that for said method obtains buildings exterior-protected structure appearance
Face extreme value coefficient of wind pres, when its acquisition methods generally has the method based on multistage coefficient of wind pres time-histories and is based on single hop coefficient of wind pres
The method of journey.Method based on multistage coefficient of wind pres time-histories is needed to BUILDINGS MODELS in each test wind direction in implementation process
Wheel test more than being repeated under angle, generally no less than 10～16 rounds, has that memory data output is larger, process time is longer, money
The problems such as source consumes larger；Method based on single hop coefficient of wind pres time-histories is surveyed at each to building model in implementation process
A wheel test is only carried out under examination wind angle, and the time that reduces is expended with storage, but cannot consider the uncertain of extreme value coefficient of wind pres
Property, low blast design load may be provided, so as to jeopardize the safety of building.
As can be seen here, in the prior art, still there is no a kind of low cost and safe external surface of buildings blast is surveyed
Amount method.
Content of the invention
In view of this, present invention is primarily targeted at providing a kind of low cost and safe external surface of buildings wind
Pressure measuring method.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme proposed by the present invention is：
A kind of external surface of buildings wind pressure measurement method, comprises the steps：
Step 1, according to building rigid model wind tunnel pressure measuring principle, determine the geometry scaling factor of test, test reference point,
The test wind, test wind angle, sampling time, the rigid model of building to be measured and its peripheral structure is made, in building to be measured
Pressure tap is arranged on thing rigid model.
Step 2, under each wind angle, carry out the test of single-wheel time wind tunnel pressure measuring to rigid model, obtain a point coefficient of wind pres
Time-histories and the average coefficient of wind pres time-histories in face；Length is blocked by point and obtains point coefficient of wind pres independent peak reservation sequence, blocked by face
Length obtains the average coefficient of wind pres independent peak in face and retains sequence.
Step 3, the point scale parameter for retaining the obeyed the extreme value distribution of sequence to a coefficient of wind pres independent peak and point position
Parameter, the average coefficient of wind pres independent peak in face retain the face scale parameter and face location parameter of the obeyed the extreme value distribution of sequence to be carried out
Maximum-likelihood estimation, to determine the design maximum value and minimal design value, the average blast in face of putting coefficient of wind pres under each wind angle
The design maximum value of coefficient and minimal design value.
Step 4, determination point a least favorable design maximum value and least favorable minimal design of the coefficient of wind pres under all wind angles
Value, least favorable design maximum value of the average coefficient of wind pres in face under all wind angles and least favorable minimal design value.
Step 5, the point maximum wind pressure for determining external surface of buildings are average with the minimum blast of point, the average maximum wind pressure in face and face
Minimum blast.
In sum, external surface of buildings wind pressure measurement method of the present invention only carries out one under each test wind angle
Wheel test, the time that reduces are expended with storage；Meanwhile, in the inventive method, each test wind angle is arranged with some unilateral surveys
Point or some bilateral measuring points, so, the inventive method can obtain unilateral point with the coefficient of wind pres time-histories of bilateral point and by list
The average coefficient of wind pres time-histories in face that side point or bilateral point are constituted；Point coefficient of wind pres independent peak according to obtaining retains in sequence
Point scale parameter retains the face yardstick in sequence with the Maximum-likelihood estimation of location parameter, the average coefficient of wind pres independent peak in face is put
Parameter and the Maximum-likelihood estimation of face location parameter, the point coefficient of wind pres design maximum value, minimal design under each wind angle of acquisition
It is worth and the average coefficient of wind pres design maximum value in face under each wind angle, minimal design value；Further, it is determined that point coefficient of wind pres
The least favorable design maximum value of least favorable design maximum value and the average coefficient of wind pres of least favorable minimal design value and face with least
Sharp minimal design value；So as to determine the blast of external surface of buildings；Therefore the inventive method has taken into full account extreme value coefficient of wind pres
Uncertainty, the safe margin for measuring the external surface of buildings blast of gained are higher.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of external surface of buildings wind pressure measurement method of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, right below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments
The present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of external surface of buildings wind pressure measurement method of the present invention.As shown in figure 1, of the present invention
External surface of buildings wind pressure measurement method, comprises the steps：
Step 1, according to building rigid model wind tunnel pressure measuring principle, determine the geometry scaling factor of test, test reference point,
The test wind, test wind angle, sampling time, the rigid model of building prototype to be measured and its peripheral structure is made, to be measured
Pressure tap is arranged on building rigid model.
Here, rigid model is similar to building prototype profile；Geometry scaling factor λL=Lm/Lp；Wherein, LmRepresent rigidity
Aspect of model size, LpRepresent architecture archetype characteristic size.Wind tunnel pressure measuring test reference point apart from the height of wind tunnel floor be
Hrm, and HrmThe average test wind speed at place isIn building prototype, height off the ground corresponding with test reference point is Hrp, Hrp
The design wind speed at place isAnd Hrp=Hrm/λL, the wind speed scaling factor of rigid model and building prototype
Under building prototype each wind angle, the sampling time of single round test is Tp, and 600s≤Tp≤3600s；Rigid model with
Time scaling factor λ of building prototypeT=λL/λV；The sampling time T of single round test under rigid model each wind anglem=
Tp·λT..
Step 2, under each wind angle, carry out the test of single-wheel time wind tunnel pressure measuring to rigid model, obtain a point coefficient of wind pres
Time-histories and the average coefficient of wind pres time-histories in face；Length is blocked by point and obtains point coefficient of wind pres independent peak reservation sequence, blocked by face
Length obtains the average coefficient of wind pres independent peak in face and retains sequence.
Step 3, the point scale parameter for retaining the obeyed the extreme value distribution of sequence to a coefficient of wind pres independent peak and point position
Parameter, the average coefficient of wind pres independent peak in face retain the face scale parameter and face location parameter of the obeyed the extreme value distribution of sequence to be carried out
Maximum-likelihood estimation, to determine the design maximum value and minimal design value, the average blast in face of putting coefficient of wind pres under each wind angle
The design maximum value of coefficient and minimal design value.
Step 4, determination point a least favorable design maximum value and least favorable minimal design of the coefficient of wind pres under all wind angles
Value, least favorable design maximum value of the average coefficient of wind pres in face under all wind angles and least favorable minimal design value.
Step 5, the point maximum wind pressure for determining external surface of buildings are average with the minimum blast of point, the average maximum wind pressure in face and face
Minimum blast.
In the inventive method, the pressure tap includes unilateral point, bilateral point；Described coefficient of wind pres time-histories includes unilateral point
Positive time-histories C of coefficient of wind presdli(t), the negative time-histories-C of unilateral point coefficient of wind presdliPositive time-histories C of (t), bilateral point coefficient of wind presdlj(t), double
Negative time-histories-the C of side point coefficient of wind presdljT (), the average coefficient of wind pres time-histories in the face include positive time-histories C of the average coefficient of wind pres of single side facedAa
The average blast coefficient minus time-histories-C of (t), single side facedAaPositive time-histories C of the average coefficient of wind pres of (t), two sideddAb(t), two sided average wind
Pressure coefficient minus time-histories-CdAb(t)；The point blocks length includes that unilateral point is just blocking lengthUnilateral point is negative to block lengthBilateral point is just blocking lengthBilateral point is negative to block lengthLength is blocked in the face includes that single side face is just blocked
LengthSingle side face is negative to block lengthTwo sided is just blocking lengthTwo sided is negative to block lengthThe point
Coefficient of wind pres independent peak retains sequence and includes that the unilateral point positive independent peak of coefficient of wind pres retains sequence
Unilateral point coefficient of wind pres is born independent peak and retains sequenceThe positive independent peak of bilateral point coefficient of wind pres
Retain sequenceThe negative independent peak of bilateral point coefficient of wind pres retains sequence
The average coefficient of wind pres independent peak in the face retains sequence and includes that the positive independent peak of the average coefficient of wind pres of single side face retains sequenceThe average blast coefficient minus independent peak of single side face retains sequence
The positive independent peak of the average coefficient of wind pres of two sided retains sequenceThe average blast system of two sided
The negative independent peak of number retains sequenceWherein, P is just represented, N represents negative, and d represents wind angle
Ordinal number, i represent that unilateral pressure tap, j represent that bilateral pressure tap pair, a represent that unilateral surface area, b represent bilateral surface area, l
Represent that point blast, A represent face blast；d、i、j、a、b、
It is natural number.
In practical application, unilateral measuring point is arranged in rigid model agent structure closed area；Canopy in rigid model, choose
Bilateral measuring point arranged by unlimited component individually for eaves, parapet etc., i.e. bilateral measuring point is corresponding upper measuring point and lower measuring point or corresponding
Front measuring point and rear measuring point.
In the inventive method, in step 2, the point coefficient of wind pres time-histories that obtains includes：Unilateral point coefficient of wind pres is obtained just
Time-histories Cdli(t), obtain positive time-histories C of bilateral point coefficient of wind presdljT (), difference are as follows：
Obtain the unilateral point positive time-histories of coefficient of wind pres of d-th of outer surface of rigid model, i-th of wind angle one side pressure tapWherein, t represents moment, pdiT () represents that d-th of outer surface of rigid model, i-th of wind angle is unilateral
The blast time-histories that pressure tap is measured,The stagnation pressure time-histories meansigma methodss measured at d-th wind angle test reference point are represented,
Represent the static pressure time-histories meansigma methodss measured at d-th wind angle test reference point.
D-th wind angle jth of rigid model outer surface is obtained to the positive time-histories of the bilateral point coefficient of wind pres of bilateral pressure tapWherein, pDj, s1(t)、pDj, s2T () represents d-th wind angle of rigid model outer surface respectively
J is to the blast time-histories that measures at the blast time-histories that measures at side pressure tap in double pressure taps and opposite side pressure tap；And pDj, s1
(t)、pDj, s2T () is synchronously tested.
The average coefficient of wind pres time-histories in the acquisition face includes：Obtain positive time-histories C of the average coefficient of wind pres of single side facedAa(t), obtain
Take positive time-histories C of the average coefficient of wind pres of two sideddAbT (), difference are as follows：
Obtain the positive time-histories of the average coefficient of wind pres of single side face of rigid model d-th wind angle single side face a of outer surfaceWherein, n represents that unilateral pressure tap is total in rigid model outer surface single side face a surface area
Number；Represent in single side face a surface area the corresponding weight of g-th unilateral pressure tap, AgRepresent g-th
Unilateral pressure tap subordinate area；CdlgT () represents the unilateral point coefficient of wind pres of g-th unilateral pressure tap in single side face a surface area
Positive time-histories；G, n are natural number.
Obtain the positive time-histories of the average coefficient of wind pres of two sided of rigid model d-th wind angle two sided b of outer surfaceWherein, m represents that bilateral pressure tap is always right in rigid model outer surface two sided b surface area
Number；Represent that f is to the corresponding weight of bilateral pressure tap, A in two sided b surface areafRepresent f to double
Side pressure tap subordinate area；CdlfT () represents in two sided b surface area f to the bilateral point coefficient of wind pres of bilateral pressure tap just
Time-histories；F, m are natural number.
In step 2, described length blocked by point obtain a point coefficient of wind pres independent peak retain a sequence, including：
Length is just being blocked according to unilateral pointUnilateral point is negative to block lengthIt is just only that unilateral point coefficient of wind pres is obtained respectively
Vertical peak value retains sequence, the negative independent peak of unilateral point coefficient of wind pres and retains sequence, comprises the following steps that：
Step 211, according to descending order, unilateral put positive time-histories C of coefficient of wind pres to describeddliT () passes through its average
Independent peak be ranked up, obtain the positive independent peak original sequence of unilateral point coefficient of wind presRight
The unilateral point coefficient of wind pres bears time-histories-CdliT () passes through its averageIndependent peak be ranked up, obtain unilateral point
The negative independent peak original sequence of coefficient of wind presW1, v1 are natural number.
Here, unilateral point positive time-histories C of coefficient of wind presdliT () passes through its averageIndependent peak acquisition methods
Specially：In same figure, C is drawndliThe curve of (t) and expressionStraight line, CdliT () curve is higher thanDirectly
The part of line is formed into some isolated blocks, has at least one and be less than between the adjacent isolated block of any two's
Time-histories value；A maximum time-histories value is selected from each isolated block as CdliT () passes through its averageAn independence
Peak value.The unilateral point coefficient of wind pres bears time-histories-CdliT () passes through its averageIndependent peak acquisition methods with described
Unilateral point positive time-histories C of coefficient of wind presdliT () passes through its averageIndependent peak acquisition methods similar.
Step 212, put by one side and just blocking lengthUnilateral point is negative to block lengthPut blast system in the corresponding one side that intercepts
The positive independent peak original sequence of number, the negative independent peak original sequence of unilateral point coefficient of wind pres, obtain unilateral point positive wine pressure coefficient independence peak
Value retains sequenceRetain sequence with the negative independent peak of unilateral point coefficient of wind pres
Length is just being blocked by bilateral pointBilateral point is negative to block lengthIt is just independent that bilateral point coefficient of wind pres is obtained respectively
Peak value retains the negative independent peak of sequence, bilateral point coefficient of wind pres and retains sequence, comprises the following steps that：
Step 221, according to descending order, to positive time-histories C of the bilateral point coefficient of wind presdljT () passes through its averageIndependent peak be ranked up, obtain bilateral point coefficient of wind pres positive independent peak original sequence
Time-histories-C negative to the bilateral point coefficient of wind presdljT () passes through its averageIndependent peak be ranked up, obtain bilateral
The negative independent peak original sequence of point coefficient of wind presW2, v2 are natural number.
Step 222, length is just being blocked by bilateral pointBilateral point is negative to block lengthBilateral point blast system is correspondingly intercepted
The positive independent peak original sequence of number, the negative independent peak original sequence of bilateral point coefficient of wind pres, obtain the just independent peak of bilateral point coefficient of wind pres
Value retains sequenceRetain sequence with the negative independent peak of bilateral point coefficient of wind pres
In step 2, described being blocked length and obtained the average coefficient of wind pres independent peak in face and retain sequence by face includes：
Length is just being blocked by single side faceSingle side face is negative to block lengthSingle side face average coefficient of wind pres is obtained respectively
Positive independent peak retains the average blast coefficient minus independent peak of sequence, single side face and retains sequence, and step is as follows：
Step 231, according to descending order, to positive time-histories C of the average coefficient of wind pres of the single side facedAaT () passes through which
AverageIndependent peak be ranked up, obtain the average coefficient of wind pres of single side face positive independent peak original sequenceBlast coefficient minus time-histories-C average to the single side facedAa(t)
Pass through its averageIndependent peak be ranked up, obtain single side face average blast coefficient minus independent peak original sequenceW3, v3 are natural number.
Step 232, length is just being blocked by single side faceSingle side face is negative to block lengthIt is average that single side face is correspondingly intercepted
The positive independent peak original sequence of coefficient of wind pres, the average blast coefficient minus independent peak original sequence of single side face, obtain single side face average wind
The positive independent peak of pressure coefficient retains sequenceWith the average blast coefficient minus independence of single side face
Peak value retains sequence
Length is just being blocked by two sidedTwo sided is negative to block lengthTwo sided average coefficient of wind pres is obtained respectively
Positive independent peak retains the average blast coefficient minus independent peak of sequence, two sided and retains sequence, comprises the following steps that：
Step 241, according to descending order, to positive time-histories C of the average coefficient of wind pres of the two sideddAbT () passes through which
AverageIndependent peak be ranked up, obtain the average coefficient of wind pres of two sided positive independent peak original sequenceBlast coefficient minus time-histories-C average to the two sideddAb(t)
Pass through its averageIndependent peak be ranked up, obtain two sided average blast coefficient minus independent peak original sequenceW4, v4 are natural number.
Step 242, length is just being blocked by two sidedTwo sided is negative to block lengthIt is average that two sided is correspondingly intercepted
The positive independent peak original sequence of coefficient of wind pres, the average blast coefficient minus independent peak original sequence of two sided, obtain two sided average wind
The positive independent peak of pressure coefficient retains sequenceWith the average blast coefficient minus independence of two sided
Peak value retains sequence
In the present invention, positive time-histories C of the bilateral point coefficient of wind presdljT () passes through its averageIndependent peak obtain
Positive time-histories C of the average coefficient of wind pres of method, single side facedAaT () passes through its averageIndependent peak acquisition methods, two sided
Positive time-histories C of average coefficient of wind presdAbT () passes through its averageIndependent peak acquisition methods, with the unilateral point wind
Positive time-histories C of pressure coefficientdliT () passes through its averageIndependent peak acquisition methods similar.In the same manner, it is possible to obtain described double
Negative time-histories-the C of side point coefficient of wind presdljT () passes through its averageIndependent peak, the average blast coefficient minus of the single side face
Time-histories-CdAaT () passes through its averageIndependent peak, the average blast coefficient minus time-histories-C of the two sideddAbT () wears
Get over its averageIndependent peak.
In step 3, the described pair of point coefficient of wind pres independent peak retain the point scale parameter of the obeyed the extreme value distribution of sequence and
Point location parameter carries out Maximum-likelihood estimation, including：
The positive scale parameter of the obeyed the extreme value distribution of sequence is retained to the positive independent peak of unilateral point coefficient of wind pres one side point and
Unilateral point positive position parameter carries out Maximum-likelihood estimation, respectively：
Negative with one side point to the negative scale parameter of the unilateral point of the obeyed the extreme value distribution of the negative independent peak reservation sequence of unilateral point coefficient of wind pres
Location parameter carries out Maximum-likelihood estimation, respectively：To double
Point coefficient of wind pres positive independent peak in side retains the positive scale parameter of bilateral point of the obeyed the extreme value distribution of sequence and bilateral point positive position
Parameter carries out Maximum-likelihood estimation, respectively：Right
The negative independent peak of bilateral point blast system retains the bilateral point of the obeyed the extreme value distribution of sequence and bears scale parameter with the negative position of bilateral point
Parameter carries out Maximum-likelihood estimation, respectively：
Wherein, k, r, m, s be natural number, and
In step 3, the average coefficient of wind pres independent peak in the opposite retains the face yardstick of the obeyed the extreme value distribution of sequence and joins
Number carries out Maximum-likelihood estimation with face location parameter, including：
The positive independent peak of the average coefficient of wind pres of single side face is retained the obeyed the extreme value distribution of sequence the positive scale parameter of single side face and
Single side face positive position parameter carries out Maximum-likelihood estimation, respectively：To list
The average blast coefficient minus independent peak in side retains the single side face of the obeyed the extreme value distribution of sequence and bears scale parameter with the negative position ginseng of single side face
Number carries out Maximum-likelihood estimation, respectively：
To the positive scale parameter of the two sided of the obeyed the extreme value distribution of the positive independent peak reservation sequence of the average coefficient of wind pres of two sided and two sided
Positive position parameter carries out Maximum-likelihood estimation, respectively：To double
The average blast coefficient minus independent peak in side retains the two sided of the obeyed the extreme value distribution of sequence and bears scale parameter with the negative position of two sided
Putting parameter carries out Maximum-likelihood estimation, respectively：
Wherein, n, q, c, e be natural number, and
In step 3, the design maximum value for determining point coefficient of wind pres under each wind angle, including：
Determine the design maximum value of unilateral point coefficient of wind pres under each wind angle, comprise the steps：
Step 3X11, according to the positive time-histories extreme value quantile cumulative probability of i-th under d-th wind angle unilateral point coefficient of wind presObtain the p of i-th unilateral point positive time-histories extreme value of coefficient of wind pres under d-th wind anglePdliQuantileWherein, TpRepresent single round test under building prototype each wind angle
Sampling time, and 600s≤Tp≤3600s.
Under step 3X12, d-th wind angle of acquisition, positive time-histories extreme value p of coefficient of wind pres is put in i-th one sidePdliQuantile is unilateral
Confidence upper limitWherein,For the unilateral point positive time-histories of coefficient of wind pres
1- α quantiles under standard normal distribution, α is significant level, and 0≤α≤1；For unilateral point coefficient of wind pres just
Time-histories extreme value pPdliThe standard error of quantile.
Step 3X13, the design maximum value for obtaining i-th unilateral point coefficient of wind pres under d-th wind angle
Step 3X14, the design maximum value for obtaining i-th unilateral point coefficient of wind pres under each wind angleWherein, M is wind angle sum.
Determine the design maximum value of bilateral point coefficient of wind pres under each wind angle, comprise the steps：
Step 3Y11, according to jth under d-th wind angle to the positive time-histories extreme value quantile cumulative probability of bilateral point coefficient of wind presJth is obtained under d-th wind angle to positive time-histories extreme value p of bilateral point coefficient of wind presPdljQuantile
Under step 3Y12, d-th wind angle of acquisition, jth is to positive time-histories extreme value p of bilateral point coefficient of wind presPdljQuantile is unilateral
Confidence upper limitWherein,For the positive time-histories of bilateral point coefficient of wind pres
1- α quantiles under standard normal distribution；For positive time-histories extreme value p of bilateral point coefficient of wind presPdljThe standard of quantile
Error.
Step 3Y13, obtains design maximum value of the jth to bilateral point coefficient of wind pres under d-th wind angle
Under step 3Y14, each wind angle of acquisition, jth is to bilateral point coefficient of wind pres design maximum value
In step 3, the minimal design value for determining point coefficient of wind pres under each wind angle, including：
Determine the minimal design value of unilateral point coefficient of wind pres under each wind angle, comprise the steps：
Step 3X21, according to the negative time-histories extreme value quantile cumulative probability of i-th under d-th wind angle unilateral point coefficient of wind presObtain i-th unilateral point coefficient of wind pres under d-th wind angle and bear time-histories extreme value pNdliQuantile
Under step 3X22, d-th wind angle of acquisition, i-th unilateral point coefficient of wind pres bears time-histories extreme value pNdliQuantile is unilateral
Confidence upper limitWherein,When bearing for unilateral point coefficient of wind pres
1- α quantile of the journey under standard normal distribution；For negative time-histories extreme value p of unilateral point coefficient of wind presNdliThe mark of quantile
Quasi- error.
Step 3X23, the minimal design value for obtaining i-th unilateral point coefficient of wind pres under d-th wind angle
Step 3X24, the minimal design value for obtaining i-th unilateral point coefficient of wind pres under each wind angle
Determine the minimal design value of bilateral point coefficient of wind pres under each wind angle, comprise the steps：
Step 3Y21, according to jth under d-th wind angle to the negative time-histories extreme value quantile cumulative probability of bilateral point coefficient of wind presObtain jth under d-th wind angle and time-histories extreme value p is born to bilateral point coefficient of wind presNdljQuantile
Under step 3Y22, d-th wind angle of acquisition, jth is to negative time-histories extreme value p of bilateral point coefficient of wind presNdljQuantile is unilateral
Confidence upper limitWherein,When bearing for bilateral point coefficient of wind pres
1- α quantile of the journey under standard normal distribution；For negative time-histories extreme value p of bilateral point coefficient of wind presNdljThe mark of quantile
Quasi- error.
Minimal design value of the jth under step 3Y23, d-th wind angle of acquisition to bilateral point coefficient of wind pres
Minimal design value of the jth under step 3Y24, each wind angle of acquisition to bilateral point coefficient of wind pres
In step 3, the design maximum value of the average coefficient of wind pres in face determined under each wind angle, including：
Determine the design maximum value of single side face average wind pressure coefficient under each wind angle, comprise the steps：
Step 3E11, according to the positive time-histories extreme value quantile accumulation of the average coefficient of wind pres of a-th single side face under d-th wind angle
ProbabilityObtain under d-th wind angle the p of the positive time-histories extreme value of the average coefficient of wind pres of a-th single side facePdAa
Quantile
Step 3E12, the p for obtaining the positive time-histories extreme value of the average coefficient of wind pres of a-th single side face under d-th wind anglePdAaDivide position
Number one side confidence upper limitWherein,For a-th single side face
Average 1- α quantile of the positive time-histories of coefficient of wind pres under standard normal distribution；For the average blast system of a-th single side face
Positive time-histories extreme value p of numberPdAaThe standard error of quantile.
Step 3E13, obtains the design maximum value of the average coefficient of wind pres of a-th single side face under d-th wind angle
Step 3E14, the design maximum value for obtaining under each wind angle the average coefficient of wind pres of a-th single side face
Determine the design maximum value of the average coefficient of wind pres of two sided under each wind angle, comprise the steps：
Step 3F11, according to the positive time-histories extreme value quantile accumulation of the average coefficient of wind pres of b-th two sided under d-th wind angle
ProbabilityObtain under d-th wind angle positive time-histories extreme value p of the average coefficient of wind pres of b-th two sidedPdAbPoint
Digit
Step 3F12, obtain positive time-histories extreme value p of the average coefficient of wind pres of b-th two sided under d-th wind anglePdAaQuantile
Unilateral confidence upper limitWherein,Put down for b-th two sided
Equal 1- α quantile of the positive time-histories of coefficient of wind pres under standard normal distribution；For the average coefficient of wind pres of b-th bilateral point
Positive time-histories extreme value pPdAaThe standard error of quantile.
Step 3F13, the design maximum value for obtaining the average coefficient of wind pres of b-th two sided under d-th wind angle
Step 3F14, the design maximum value for obtaining under each wind angle the average coefficient of wind pres of b-th two sided
In step 3, the minimal design value for determining the face coefficient of wind pres under each wind angle, including：
Determine the minimal design value of single side face average wind pressure coefficient under each wind angle, comprise the steps：
Step 3E21, according to the average blast coefficient minus time-histories extreme value quantile accumulation of a-th single side face under d-th wind angle
ProbabilityObtain under d-th wind angle average blast coefficient minus time-histories extreme value p of a-th single side faceNdAaPoint
Digit
Step 3E22, obtain average blast coefficient minus time-histories extreme value p of a-th single side face under d-th wind angleNdAaQuantile
Unilateral confidence upper limitWherein,Put down for a-th single side face
Coefficient of wind pres bears 1- α quantile of the time-histories under standard normal distribution；For the average coefficient of wind pres of a-th single side face
Negative time-histories extreme value pNdAaThe standard error of quantile.
Step 3E23, the minimal design value for obtaining the average coefficient of wind pres of a-th single side face under d-th wind angle
Step 3E24, the minimal design value for obtaining under each wind angle the average coefficient of wind pres of a-th single side face
Determine the minimal design value of the average coefficient of wind pres of two sided under each wind angle, step is as follows：
Step 3F21, according to the average blast coefficient minus time-histories extreme value quantile accumulation of b-th two sided under d-th wind angle
ProbabilityObtain under d-th wind angle negative time-histories p of the average blast Coefficient Extremum of b-th two sidedNdAbPoint
Digit
Step 3F22, obtain average blast coefficient minus time-histories extreme value p of b-th two sided under d-th wind angleNdAbQuantile
Unilateral confidence upper limitWherein,Put down for b-th two sided
Coefficient of wind pres bears 1- α quantile of the time-histories under standard normal distribution；For the average coefficient of wind pres of b-th two sided
Negative time-histories extreme value pNdAbThe standard error of quantile.
Step 3F23, the minimal design value for obtaining the average coefficient of wind pres of b-th two sided under d-th wind angle
Step 3F24, the minimal design value for obtaining under each wind angle the average coefficient of wind pres of b-th two sided
In step 4, the determination point least favorable design maximum value of the coefficient of wind pres under all wind angles includes：Obtain the
I unilateral point least favorable design maximum value of the coefficient of wind pres under all wind anglesObtain
Take least favorable design maximum value of the jth to bilateral point coefficient of wind pres under all wind angles
The determination point least favorable minimal design value of the coefficient of wind pres under all wind angles includes：Obtain i-th unilateral point blast system
Least favorable minimal design value of the number under all wind anglesJth is obtained to bilateral point blast
Least favorable minimal design value of the coefficient under all wind anglesThe determination face wind
Pressure least favorable design maximum value of the coefficient under all wind angles includes：The average coefficient of wind pres of a-th single side face is obtained all
Least favorable design maximum value under wind angleObtain b-th two sided average wind
Pressure least favorable design maximum value of the coefficient under all wind anglesThe determination
Least favorable minimal design value of the average coefficient of wind pres in face under all wind angles includes：Obtain the average blast system of a-th single side face
Least favorable minimal design value of the number under all wind anglesObtain b-th pair
Least favorable minimal design value of the average coefficient of wind pres in side under all wind angles
In step 5, the point maximum wind pressure for determining external surface of buildings includes：Determine i-th list of external surface of buildings
Side point maximum wind pressure isDetermine that external surface of buildings jth to bilateral point maximum wind pressure isThe point minimum blast for determining external surface of buildings, including：Determine external surface of buildings
Put minimum blast and be in i-th one sideDetermine external surface of buildings jth to bilateral point minimum wind
PressureThe average maximum wind pressure in face for determining external surface of buildings includes：Determine building
The average maximum wind pressure of a-th single side face of outer surface isDetermine b-th of external surface of buildings
The average maximum wind pressure of two sided isThe face for determining external surface of buildings is averagely minimum
Blast includes：Determine that the average minimum blast of a-th single side face of external surface of buildings isReally
Determine the average minimum blast of b-th two sided of external surface of buildingsWherein, w0Represent prototype
The on-site fundamental wind pressure of building, μ (Hrp) represent that prototype building is on-site away from ground HrpThe blast height change system at place
Number.
In sum, presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is these are only, is not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.
All any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements that within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is made etc., should be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of external surface of buildings wind pressure measurement method, it is characterised in that the measuring method includes step：
Step 1, according to building rigid model wind tunnel pressure measuring principle, determine the geometry scaling factor of test, test reference point, test
Wind speed, test wind angle, sampling time, the rigid model of building to be measured and its peripheral structure is made, firm in building to be measured
Property model on arrange pressure tap；
Step 2, under each wind angle, carry out the test of single-wheel time wind tunnel pressure measuring to rigid model, obtain a point coefficient of wind pres time-histories
With the average coefficient of wind pres time-histories in face；Length is blocked by point and obtains point coefficient of wind pres independent peak reservation sequence, length is blocked by face
The average coefficient of wind pres independent peak in acquisition face retains sequence；
Step 3, the point scale parameter for retaining the obeyed the extreme value distribution of sequence to a coefficient of wind pres independent peak and point location parameter,
The average coefficient of wind pres independent peak in face retains the face scale parameter of the obeyed the extreme value distribution of sequence to be carried out greatly with face location parameter
Possibility predication, to determine the design maximum value and minimal design value, the average coefficient of wind pres in face of putting coefficient of wind pres under each wind angle
Design maximum value and minimal design value；
Step 4, determination point least favorable design maximum value of the coefficient of wind pres under all wind angles and least favorable minimal design value, face
Least favorable design maximum value of the average coefficient of wind pres under all wind angles and least favorable minimal design value；
Step 5, the point maximum wind pressure for determining external surface of buildings are averagely minimum with the minimum blast of point, the average maximum wind pressure in face and face
Blast.
2. external surface of buildings wind pressure measurement method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pressure tap includes list
Side point, bilateral point；Described coefficient of wind pres time-histories includes unilateral point positive time-histories C of coefficient of wind presdliT (), unilateral point coefficient of wind pres are born
Time-histories-CdliPositive time-histories C of (t), bilateral point coefficient of wind presdljNegative time-histories-the C of (t), bilateral point coefficient of wind presdljT (), the face are average
Coefficient of wind pres time-histories includes positive time-histories C of the average coefficient of wind pres of single side facedAaThe average blast coefficient minus time-histories-C of (t), single side facedAa
Positive time-histories C of the average coefficient of wind pres of (t), two sideddAbThe average blast coefficient minus time-histories-C of (t), two sideddAb(t)；The point is blocked
Length includes that unilateral point is just blocking lengthUnilateral point is negative to block lengthBilateral point is just blocking lengthBilateral point is born
Block lengthLength is blocked in the face includes that single side face is just blocking lengthSingle side face is negative to block lengthTwo sided
Length is just being blockedTwo sided is negative to block lengthDescribed coefficient of wind pres independent peak retains sequence includes unilateral point wind
The positive independent peak of pressure coefficient retains sequenceUnilateral point coefficient of wind pres is born independent peak and retains sequence
RowThe positive independent peak of bilateral point coefficient of wind pres retains sequence
The negative independent peak of bilateral point coefficient of wind pres retains sequenceThe average coefficient of wind pres independence peak in the face
Value retains sequence and includes that the positive independent peak of the average coefficient of wind pres of single side face retains sequence
The average blast coefficient minus independent peak of single side face retains sequenceTwo sided average wind
The positive independent peak of pressure coefficient retains sequenceThe average blast coefficient minus independence peak of two sided
Value retains sequenceWherein, P is just represented, N represents negative, and d represents wind angle ordinal number, i
Represent that unilateral pressure tap, j represent that bilateral pressure tap pair, a represent that unilateral surface area, b represent that bilateral surface area, l are represented a little
Blast, A represent face blast；d、i、j、a、b、 It is nature
Number.
3. external surface of buildings wind pressure measurement method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in step 2, the acquisition
Point coefficient of wind pres time-histories includes：Obtain unilateral point positive time-histories C of coefficient of wind presdli(t), obtain positive time-histories C of bilateral point coefficient of wind presdlj
T (), difference are as follows：
Obtain the unilateral point positive time-histories of coefficient of wind pres of d-th of outer surface of rigid model, i-th of wind angle one side pressure tapWherein, t represents moment, pdiT () represents that d-th of outer surface of rigid model, i-th of wind angle is unilateral and surveys
The blast time-histories that pressure point is measured,The stagnation pressure time-histories meansigma methodss measured at d-th wind angle test reference point are represented,Represent
The static pressure time-histories meansigma methodss measured at d-th wind angle test reference point；
D-th wind angle jth of rigid model outer surface is obtained to the positive time-histories of the bilateral point coefficient of wind pres of bilateral pressure tapWherein, pDj, s1(t)、pDj, s2T () represents d-th wind angle of rigid model outer surface respectively
J is to the blast time-histories that measures at the blast time-histories that measures at side pressure tap in double pressure taps and opposite side pressure tap, and pDj, s1
(t)、pDj, s2T () is synchronously tested；
The average coefficient of wind pres time-histories in the acquisition face includes：Obtain positive time-histories C of the average coefficient of wind pres of single side facedAaT (), acquisition are double
Positive time-histories C of the average coefficient of wind pres in sidedAbT (), difference are as follows：
Obtain the positive time-histories of the average coefficient of wind pres of single side face of rigid model d-th wind angle single side face a of outer surfaceWherein, n represents that unilateral pressure tap is total in rigid model outer surface single side face a surface area
Number；Represent in single side face a surface area the corresponding weight of g-th unilateral pressure tap, AgRepresent g-th
Unilateral pressure tap subordinate area；Represent the unilateral point coefficient of wind pres of g-th unilateral pressure tap in single side face a surface area
Positive time-histories；G, n are natural number；
Obtain the positive time-histories of the average coefficient of wind pres of two sided of rigid model d-th wind angle two sided b of outer surfaceWherein, m represents that bilateral pressure tap is always right in rigid model outer surface two sided b surface area
Number；Represent that f is to the corresponding weight of bilateral pressure tap, A in two sided b surface areafRepresent the f pair
Bilateral pressure tap subordinate area；Represent bilateral point blast systems of the f to bilateral pressure tap in two sided b surface area
The positive time-histories of number；F, m are natural number.
4. external surface of buildings wind pressure measurement method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that in step 2, described by point
Block length and obtain point coefficient of wind pres independent peak reservation sequence, including：
Put by one side and just blocking lengthUnilateral point is negative to block lengthUnilateral point coefficient of wind pres positive independent peak is obtained respectively
Retain sequence, the negative independent peak of unilateral point coefficient of wind pres and retain sequence, comprise the following steps that：
Step 211, according to descending order, unilateral put positive time-histories C of coefficient of wind pres to describeddliT () passes through its average
Independent peak be ranked up, obtain the positive independent peak original sequence of unilateral point coefficient of wind pres
Time-histories-C is born to the unilateral coefficient of wind pres of puttingdliT () passes through its averageIndependent peak be ranked up, obtain one side
The negative independent peak original sequence of point coefficient of wind presW1, v1 are natural number；
Step 212, put by one side and just blocking lengthUnilateral point is negative to block lengthCoefficient of wind pres is being put just in the corresponding one side that intercepts
Independent peak original sequence, the negative independent peak original sequence of unilateral point coefficient of wind pres, obtain unilateral point positive wine pressure coefficient independent peak and retain
SequenceRetain sequence with the negative independent peak of unilateral point coefficient of wind pres
Length is just being blocked by bilateral pointBilateral point is negative to block lengthBilateral point coefficient of wind pres positive independent peak is obtained respectively
Retain the negative independent peak of sequence, bilateral point coefficient of wind pres and retain sequence, comprise the following steps that：
Step 221, according to descending order, to positive time-histories C of the bilateral point coefficient of wind presdljT () passes through its average
Independent peak be ranked up, obtain bilateral point coefficient of wind pres positive independent peak original sequence
Time-histories-C negative to the bilateral point coefficient of wind presdljT () passes through its averageIndependent peak be ranked up, obtain bilateral
The negative independent peak original sequence of point coefficient of wind presW2, v2 are natural number；
Step 222, length is just being blocked by bilateral pointBilateral point is negative to block lengthCorrespondingly bilateral point coefficient of wind pres is being intercepted just
The negative independent peak original sequence of independent peak original sequence, bilateral point coefficient of wind pres, obtains the positive independent peak of bilateral point coefficient of wind pres and protects
Stay sequenceRetain sequence with the negative independent peak of bilateral point coefficient of wind pres
In step 2, described being blocked length and obtained the average coefficient of wind pres independent peak in face and retain sequence by face includes：
Length is just being blocked by single side faceSingle side face is negative to block lengthIt is just independent that single side face average coefficient of wind pres is obtained respectively
Peak value retains the average blast coefficient minus independent peak of sequence, single side face and retains sequence, and step is as follows：
Step 231, according to descending order, to positive time-histories C of the average coefficient of wind pres of the single side facedAaT () passes through its average's
Independent peak is ranked up, and obtains the positive independent peak original sequence of the average coefficient of wind pres of single side face
Blast coefficient minus time-histories-C average to the single side facedAaT () passes through its averageIndependent peak be ranked up, obtain
The average blast coefficient minus independent peak original sequence of single side facew3、
V3 is natural number；
Step 232, length is just being blocked by single side faceSingle side face is negative to block lengthSingle side face average blast system is correspondingly intercepted
The positive independent peak original sequence of number, the average blast coefficient minus independent peak original sequence of single side face, obtain the average coefficient of wind pres of single side face
Positive independent peak retains sequenceProtect with the average blast coefficient minus independent peak of single side face
Stay sequence
Length is just being blocked by two sidedTwo sided is negative to block lengthIt is just independent that two sided average coefficient of wind pres is obtained respectively
Peak value retains the average blast coefficient minus independent peak of sequence, two sided and retains sequence, comprises the following steps that：
Step 241, according to descending order, to positive time-histories C of the average coefficient of wind pres of the two sideddAbT () passes through its averageOnly
Vertical peak value is ranked up, and obtains the positive independent peak original sequence of the average coefficient of wind pres of two sided
Blast coefficient minus time-histories-C average to the two sideddAbT () passes through its averageIndependent peak be ranked up, obtain
The average blast coefficient minus independent peak original sequence of two sidedw4、
V4 is natural number；
Step 242, length is just being blocked by two sidedTwo sided is negative to block lengthTwo sided average blast system is correspondingly intercepted
The positive independent peak original sequence of number, the average blast coefficient minus independent peak original sequence of two sided, obtain the average coefficient of wind pres of two sided
Positive independent peak retains sequenceProtect with the average blast coefficient minus independent peak of two sided
Stay sequence
5. external surface of buildings wind pressure measurement method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in step 3, described pair of point
The point scale parameter of the obeyed the extreme value distribution of coefficient of wind pres independent peak reservation sequence carries out maximum likelihood with point location parameter and estimates
Meter, including：
To the positive scale parameter of the one side point of the obeyed the extreme value distribution of the positive independent peak reservation sequence of unilateral point coefficient of wind pres and one side
Point positive position parameter carries out Maximum-likelihood estimation, respectively
Negative with one side point to the negative scale parameter of the unilateral point of the obeyed the extreme value distribution of the negative independent peak reservation sequence of unilateral point coefficient of wind pres
Location parameter carries out Maximum-likelihood estimation, respectively
To the positive scale parameter of the bilateral point of the obeyed the extreme value distribution of the positive independent peak reservation sequence of bilateral point coefficient of wind pres with bilateral point just
Location parameter carries out Maximum-likelihood estimation, respectivelyRight
The negative independent peak of bilateral point blast system retains the bilateral point of the obeyed the extreme value distribution of sequence and bears scale parameter with the negative position of bilateral point
Parameter carries out Maximum-likelihood estimation, respectively
Wherein, k, r, m, s be natural number, and
In step 3, the average coefficient of wind pres independent peak in the opposite retain the face scale parameter of the obeyed the extreme value distribution of sequence and
Face location parameter carries out Maximum-likelihood estimation, including：
To the positive scale parameter of the single side face of the obeyed the extreme value distribution of the positive independent peak reservation sequence of the average coefficient of wind pres of single side face and list
Side positive position parameter carries out Maximum-likelihood estimation, respectivelyTo list
The average blast coefficient minus independent peak in side retains the single side face of the obeyed the extreme value distribution of sequence and bears scale parameter with the negative position of single side face
Putting parameter carries out Maximum-likelihood estimation, respectively To double
The positive independent peak of the average coefficient of wind pres in side retains the positive scale parameter of two sided of the obeyed the extreme value distribution of sequence and two sided positive position
Parameter carries out Maximum-likelihood estimation, respectivelyTo two sided
The two sided that average blast coefficient minus independent peak retains the obeyed the extreme value distribution of sequence bears scale parameter with the negative position of two sided
Parameter carries out Maximum-likelihood estimation, respectively
Wherein, n, q, c, e be natural number, and
6. external surface of buildings wind pressure measurement method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in step 3, the determination
The design maximum value of coefficient of wind pres is put under each wind angle, including：
Determine the design maximum value of unilateral point coefficient of wind pres under each wind angle, comprise the steps：
Step 3X11, according to the positive time-histories extreme value quantile cumulative probability of i-th under d-th wind angle unilateral point coefficient of wind presObtain the p of i-th unilateral point positive time-histories extreme value of coefficient of wind pres under d-th wind anglePdliQuantileWherein, TpRepresent single round test under building prototype each wind angle
Sampling time, and 600s≤Tp≤3600s；
Under step 3X12, d-th wind angle of acquisition, positive time-histories extreme value p of coefficient of wind pres is put in i-th one sidePdliQuantile one side confidence
The upper limitWherein,It is that the positive time-histories of unilateral point coefficient of wind pres is being marked
1- α quantiles under quasi normal distribution, α is significant level, and 0≤α≤1；For the positive time-histories pole of unilateral point coefficient of wind pres
Value pPdliThe standard error of quantile；
Step 3X13, the design maximum value for obtaining i-th unilateral point coefficient of wind pres under d-th wind angle
Step 3X14, the design maximum value for obtaining i-th unilateral point coefficient of wind pres under each wind angle
Wherein, M is wind angle sum；
Determine the design maximum value of bilateral point coefficient of wind pres under each wind angle, comprise the steps：
Step 3Y11, according to jth under d-th wind angle to the positive time-histories extreme value quantile cumulative probability of bilateral point coefficient of wind presJth is obtained under d-th wind angle to positive time-histories extreme value p of bilateral point coefficient of wind presPdljQuantile
Under step 3Y12, d-th wind angle of acquisition, jth is to positive time-histories extreme value p of bilateral point coefficient of wind presPdljQuantile one side confidence
The upper limitWherein,It is that the positive time-histories of bilateral point coefficient of wind pres is being marked
1- α quantiles under quasi normal distribution；For positive time-histories extreme value p of bilateral point coefficient of wind presPdljThe standard error of quantile
Difference；
Step 3Y13, obtains design maximum value of the jth to bilateral point coefficient of wind pres under d-th wind angle
Under step 3Y14, each wind angle of acquisition, jth is to bilateral point coefficient of wind pres design maximum value
In step 3, the minimal design value for determining point coefficient of wind pres under each wind angle, including：
Determine the minimal design value of unilateral point coefficient of wind pres under each wind angle, comprise the steps：
Step 3X21, according to the negative time-histories extreme value quantile cumulative probability of i-th under d-th wind angle unilateral point coefficient of wind presObtain i-th unilateral point coefficient of wind pres under d-th wind angle and bear time-histories extreme value pNdliQuantile
Under step 3X22, d-th wind angle of acquisition, i-th unilateral point coefficient of wind pres bears time-histories extreme value pNdliQuantile one side confidence
The upper limitWherein,It is that the negative time-histories of unilateral point coefficient of wind pres is being marked
1- α quantiles under quasi normal distribution；For negative time-histories extreme value p of unilateral point coefficient of wind presNdliThe standard error of quantile
Difference；
Step 3X23, the minimal design value for obtaining i-th unilateral point coefficient of wind pres under d-th wind angle
Step 3X24, the minimal design value for obtaining i-th unilateral point coefficient of wind pres under each wind angle
Determine the minimal design value of bilateral point coefficient of wind pres under each wind angle, comprise the steps：
Step 3Y21, according to jth under d-th wind angle to the negative time-histories extreme value quantile cumulative probability of bilateral point coefficient of wind presObtain jth under d-th wind angle and time-histories extreme value p is born to bilateral point coefficient of wind presNdljQuantile
Under step 3Y22, d-th wind angle of acquisition, jth is to negative time-histories extreme value p of bilateral point coefficient of wind presNdljQuantile one side confidence
The upper limitWherein,It is that the negative time-histories of bilateral point coefficient of wind pres is being marked
1- α quantiles under quasi normal distribution；For negative time-histories extreme value p of bilateral point coefficient of wind presNdljThe standard error of quantile
Difference；
Minimal design value of the jth under step 3Y23, d-th wind angle of acquisition to bilateral point coefficient of wind pres
Minimal design value of the jth under step 3Y24, each wind angle of acquisition to bilateral point coefficient of wind pres
In step 3, the design maximum value of the average coefficient of wind pres in face determined under each wind angle, including：
Determine the design maximum value of single side face average wind pressure coefficient under each wind angle, comprise the steps：
Step 3E11, according to the positive time-histories extreme value quantile cumulative probability of the average coefficient of wind pres of a-th single side face under d-th wind angleObtain under d-th wind angle the p of the positive time-histories extreme value of the average coefficient of wind pres of a-th single side facePd4aDivide position
Number
Step 3E12, the p for obtaining the positive time-histories extreme value of the average coefficient of wind pres of a-th single side face under d-th wind anglePdAaQuantile list
Side confidence upper limitWherein,For a-th single side face average wind
1- α quantile of the positive time-histories of pressure coefficient under standard normal distribution；For the average coefficient of wind pres timing of a-th single side face
Journey extreme value pPdAaThe standard error of quantile；
Step 3E13, obtains the design maximum value of the average coefficient of wind pres of a-th single side face under d-th wind angle
Step 3E14, the design maximum value for obtaining under each wind angle the average coefficient of wind pres of a-th single side face
Determine the design maximum value of the average coefficient of wind pres of two sided under each wind angle, comprise the steps：
Step 3F11, according to the positive time-histories extreme value quantile cumulative probability of the average coefficient of wind pres of b-th two sided under d-th wind angleObtain under d-th wind angle positive time-histories extreme value p of the average coefficient of wind pres of b-th two sidedPdAbQuantile
Step 3F12, obtain positive time-histories extreme value p of the average coefficient of wind pres of b-th two sided under d-th wind anglePdAbQuantile is unilateral
Confidence upper limitWherein,For the average blast of b-th two sided
1- α quantile of the positive time-histories of coefficient under standard normal distribution；For the positive time-histories of the average coefficient of wind pres of b-th two sided
Extreme value pPdAbThe standard error of quantile；
Step 3F13, the design maximum value for obtaining the average coefficient of wind pres of b-th two sided under d-th wind angle
Step 3F14, the design maximum value for obtaining under each wind angle the average coefficient of wind pres of b-th two sided
In step 3, the minimal design value of the average coefficient of wind pres in face determined under each wind angle, including：
Determine the minimal design value of single side face average wind pressure coefficient under each wind angle, comprise the steps：
Step 3E21, according to the average blast coefficient minus time-histories extreme value quantile cumulative probability of d-th single side face under d-th wind angleObtain under d-th wind angle average blast coefficient minus time-histories extreme value p of a-th single side faceNdAaQuantile
Step 3E22, obtain average blast coefficient minus time-histories extreme value p of a-th single side face under d-th wind angleNdAaQuantile is unilateral
Confidence upper limitWherein,For the average blast of a-th single side face
1- α quantile of the coefficient minus time-histories under standard normal distribution；For the average blast coefficient minus time-histories of a-th single side face
Extreme value pNdAaThe standard error of quantile；
Step 3E23, the minimal design value for obtaining the average coefficient of wind pres of a-th single side face under d-th wind angle
Step 3E24, the minimal design value for obtaining under each wind angle the average coefficient of wind pres of a-th single side face
Determine the minimal design value of the average coefficient of wind pres of two sided under each wind angle, step is as follows：
Step 3F21, according to the average blast coefficient minus time-histories extreme value quantile cumulative probability of b-th two sided under d-th wind angleObtain under d-th wind angle negative time-histories p of the average blast Coefficient Extremum of b-th two sidedNdAbQuantile
Step 3F22, obtain average blast coefficient minus time-histories extreme value p of b-th two sided under d-th wind angleNdAbQuantile is unilateral
Confidence upper limitWherein,For b-th two sided average wind
Pressure 1- α quantile of the coefficient minus time-histories under standard normal distribution；During blast coefficient minus average for b-th two sided
Journey extreme value pNdAbThe standard error of quantile；
Step 3F23, the minimal design value for obtaining the average coefficient of wind pres of b-th two sided under d-th wind angle
Step 3F24, the minimal design value for obtaining under each wind angle the average coefficient of wind pres of b-th two sided
7. external surface of buildings wind pressure measurement method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that in step 4, the determination
Point least favorable design maximum value of the coefficient of wind pres under all wind angles includes obtaining i-th unilateral point coefficient of wind pres in all wind
Least favorable design maximum value under angleJth is obtained to bilateral point blast system
Least favorable design maximum value of the number under all wind anglesThe determination point
Least favorable minimal design value of the coefficient of wind pres under all wind angles includes obtaining i-th unilateral point coefficient of wind pres in all wind directions
Least favorable minimal design value under angleJth is obtained to bilateral point coefficient of wind pres in institute
The least favorable minimal design value having under wind angleThe determination face is average
Least favorable design maximum value of the coefficient of wind pres under all wind angles includes obtaining the average coefficient of wind pres of a-th single side face all
Least favorable design maximum value under wind angleObtain b-th two sided average wind
Pressure least favorable design maximum value of the coefficient under all wind anglesThe face
Average least favorable minimal design value of the coefficient of wind pres under all wind angles includes obtaining the average coefficient of wind pres of a-th single side face and exists
Least favorable minimal design value under all wind anglesObtain b-th bilateral
Least favorable minimal design value of the average coefficient of wind pres in face under all wind angles
8. external surface of buildings wind pressure measurement method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that in step 5, the determination
The point maximum wind pressure of external surface of buildings includes determining that i-th unilateral point maximum wind pressure of external surface of buildings isDetermine that external surface of buildings jth to bilateral point maximum wind pressure isInstitute
State and determine that the point minimum blast of external surface of buildings includes determining that the minimum blast of i-th one side point of external surface of buildings isDetermine external surface of buildings jth to bilateral point minimum blast
The average maximum wind pressure in face for determining external surface of buildings includes determining the average most strong wind of a-th single side face of external surface of buildings
Press and beDetermine that the average maximum wind pressure of b-th two sided of external surface of buildings isThe face for determining external surface of buildings averagely minimum blast includes determining building beyond the region of objective existence
Single side face average minimum blast in a-th of surface isDetermine external surface of buildings b-th pair
The average minimum blast in sideWherein, w0Represent the on-site basic wind of prototype building
Pressure, μ (Hrp) represent that prototype building is on-site away from ground HrpThe height variation coefficient of wind pressure at place.
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