CN104533687B - The high-power air-cooled diesel engine low temperature quick-start system of heavy vehicle and method - Google Patents
The high-power air-cooled diesel engine low temperature quick-start system of heavy vehicle and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104533687B CN104533687B CN201410783189.6A CN201410783189A CN104533687B CN 104533687 B CN104533687 B CN 104533687B CN 201410783189 A CN201410783189 A CN 201410783189A CN 104533687 B CN104533687 B CN 104533687B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02N19/02—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks
- F02N19/04—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
- F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
- F02M31/12—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating electrically
- F02M31/125—Fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
- F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
- F02M31/12—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating electrically
- F02M31/13—Combustion air
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-power air-cooled diesel engine low temperature quick-start system of heavy vehicle and method, system includes engine charge preheating device, fuel heating system and power supply. Engine charge preheating device includes grill heater and glow plug, and both heat the air themperature within air inlet pipe simultaneously, makes intake air temperature be fully warmed-up. Fuel heating system includes fuel tank heater, filter heating device, fuel sucking pipe heater, engine cylinder-body heater, for the fuel oil in fuel tank, cleaner, fuel sucking pipe and engine cylinder body is heated, each heater is equipped with self-check control circuit, independently to fuel oil automatic temperature control heating, electromotor can be made to remain good in oil condition. Power supply adopts high-capacity lithium battery, for engine charge preheating device, fuel heating system are powered. The present invention effectively solves the high-power air-cooled diesel engine of heavy vehicle and quick starts problem at low ambient temperatures.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses the system and method that the high-power air-cooled diesel engine of a kind of heavy vehicle quick starts at low ambient temperatures.
Background technology
Under cryogenic conditions, particularly in the cold start-up problem under-40 DEG C of extremely cold conditions, it is always up annoying a great problem of heavy vehicle high-power (more than 380kw) air-cooled diesel engine. Impact due to ambient temperature, engine lubrication oil viscosity increases, each friction surface can not get sufficient pre-lubrication, thus increasing the starting reactance of electromotor (heavy vehicle electromotor rear portion with load, such as hydraulic mechanical transmission box etc., starting reactance is made to strengthen further), causing engine start rotating ratio room temperature to be decreased obviously, leakage of compressed gas increases, and gas is longer to the heat transfer time of a cylinder ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre, thermal loss is relatively big, makes the air themperature that compression ends reduce with pressure; Bavin oil viscosity and density all become big, and atomizing effect is deteriorated, and the air themperature in cylinder and insufficient pressure cause diesel engine starting difficulty; Battery liquid viscosity increases, and declines to the penetrating power of pole plate, and internal resistance increases, and during cold-starting, accumulator output declines, and causes that starter unable dragging diesel engine rotates and maybe can not reach minimum starting speed.
The supporting flame air inlet heating device of current high-power air-cooled diesel engine is only capable of meeting the low-temperature cool starting requirement of-20 DEG C, the cold-starting device only carried by electromotor under the extremely cold condition even colder lower than-20 DEG C, very difficult is started smoothly by vehicle. for solving the high-power air-cooled diesel engine cold start-up problem of heavy vehicle under extremely cold condition, additionally must install cold start-up ancillary method additional for vehicle, as filled primer fluid, cooling medium heats, lubricating oil heats, low-temperature storage battery and accumulator cell heat preserving etc., although test shows that above-mentioned measure can significantly improve high-power air-cooled diesel engine cold-starting effect to a certain extent, but all exist and start time longer shortcoming, electromotor cannot be met and quick start needs when low temperature-40 DEG C, even individual other measure (such as filling primer fluid) is bigger to engine damage, there is potential safety hazard simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the system and method that heavy vehicle air-cooled diesel engine quick starts at low ambient temperatures, is quick started by electromotor, it is achieved chassis is the standby quickly power supply of upper installing, within time since engine start is foreshortened to 4min.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of high-power air-cooled diesel engine low temperature quick-start system of heavy vehicle, including engine charge preheating device, fuel heating system and power supply.
Described engine charge preheating device includes the grill heater being arranged on engine intercooler and air inlet pipe junction and the glow plug being arranged on engine air inlet tube.
Being arranged on engine intercooler big with the grill heater power of air inlet pipe junction, heating 90s post-heater central temperature is more than 1000 DEG C; The glow plug power being arranged on engine air inlet tube is less, glow plug central temperature 380 DEG C after heating 90s; Glow plug is arranged on distance grill heater remote position; The air themperature within whole air inlet pipe is heated in two positions simultaneously, makes intake air temperature be fully warmed-up.
Described fuel heating system includes:
Fuel tank heater, for the fuel oil in fuel tank is heated, it is the critesistor heating plate being arranged in fuel tank.
Filter heating device, for the external heating device of cleaner, is made up of overall pre-pressing heater outside metallic matrix and metallic matrix on filter casing; During heater work, the shell circumference of cleaner is heated evenly, and heats is good, and firing rate is fast, it is possible to prevents fuel oil from analysing wax at low temperatures, makes the good fluidity of guarantee fuel oil, improves fuel oil temperature simultaneously.
Fuel sucking pipe heater, for being heated the fuel oil in fuel sucking pipe; It is the heating wire being arranged in fuel sucking pipe, and when application is equipped, the end interface place being contained in fuel pipe by three-way interface is accessed in fuel pipe.
Engine cylinder-body heater, for the cylinder body of electromotor is heated, it is the critesistor heating plate being arranged on cylinder body high-pressure oil pump entrance location; Before the engine is started up, engine cylinder-body, high-pressure oil pump, high-pressure oil pipe temperature are identical with ambient temperature, although fuel tank, cleaner, fuel pipe having heater for fuel Heating, but temperature reduces when fuel oil flows through high-pressure oil pump, the fuel oil temperature sprayed in cylinder by high-pressure oil pump is low, and electromotor is not easy to catch fire; After installing heater on cylinder body high-pressure oil pump, the fuel oil temperature being sparged into cylinder is high, is atomized, and electromotor easily catches fire.
Described fuel tank heater, filter heating device, fuel sucking pipe heater, engine cylinder-body heater are equipped with self-check control circuit, it is possible to independently to fuel oil automatic temperature control heating, it is ensured that electromotor remains good in oil condition.
Power supply, for powering to described engine charge preheating device, fuel heating system.
Described grill heater is arranged on engine intercooler and left and right air inlet pipe junction, and the grill heater being positioned at left side is all each connected with a preheating relay with the grill heater being positioned at right side; Described glow plug includes two groups, it is separately mounted in the left and right air inlet pipe of electromotor, two groups of glow plugs are connected with same preheating relay, three described preheating relays are by a warm-up control Control, warm-up control relay used is connected with power supply, battery main switch, control switch, by controlling whether on-off control carries out charge heating to electromotor.
Described self-check control circuit is connected with display, and described self-check control circuit is connected with power supply, battery main switch, control switch.
Described fuel tank heater, filter heating device, fuel sucking pipe heater are all connected with display and self-check control circuit with engine cylinder-body heater; Described self-check control circuit is connected with power supply, battery main switch, control switch.
The starting method of the present invention is as follows:
Step 1 opens fuel heating system; In whole start-up course, fuel system automatic temperature control heating.
Step 2 starts starter 40～45s; Accumulator provides electric energy for starter, and starter drags engine rotation, reduces engine rotation resistance, prepares for formally starting; Can be battery discharging simultaneously, improve accumulator low temperature performance.
Step 3 stop machine work 15～20s, for accumulator provide voltage recovery chance.
Step 4 starts starter 40～45s; Drag engine rotation, reduce the resistance of start further.
Step 5 operates engine charge preheating device preheating 100s～105s; Utilize air inlet heating device to be heated to engine air inlet tube inner air, improve Engine Inlet Temperature, make electromotor easier start up.
Step 6 starts electromotor.
Described accumulator is high-capacity lithium battery.
At low ambient temperatures, particularly-40 DEG C, the actual active volume of common lead acid accumulator only has about 20%, and maximum discharge-rate is 3C, along with the consumption of electricity, and its output also rapid decrease; And lithium battery active volume is more than 70%, and along with the consumption of electricity, output promotes on the contrary, and its maximum discharge-rate is up to 15C; Lithium battery is as starting battery, and at-40 DEG C, it has the ability to support powerful firing equipment, also has enough Power Reserve repeatedly to start after electromotor is fully warmed-up.
Beneficial effects of the present invention is as follows:
By said apparatus and method, it is possible to making high-power (more than 380kw) air cooling engine quick start under the extremely low temperature of-40 DEG C, the starting time is not more than 4 minutes; Whole starting process only needs a driver can complete engine start; Quickly started by electromotor, it is achieved the quick startup of car load, shorten army's fast-response time, within time since engine start is foreshortened to 4min.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1, engine charge preheating device electrical schematic diagram
Fig. 2, fuel heating system electrical schematic diagram
In figure: the left grill heater of 1-1, the right grill heater of 1-2, the left glow plug of 1-3, the right glow plug of 1-4, JK0 warm-up control relay, JK1, JK2, JK3 preheating relay, K0, K1, K2 switch, 2-1 fuel tank heater, 2-2 filter heating device, 2-3,2-4,2-5,2-6 fuel sucking pipe heater, 2-7 engine cylinder-body heater, 2-8 display, 2-9 self-check control circuit.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail:
The system that heavy vehicle air-cooled diesel engine quick starts at low ambient temperatures, including engine charge preheating device, fuel heating system and power supply.
As it is shown in figure 1, engine charge preheating device includes the grill heater being arranged on engine intercooler and left and right air inlet pipe junction and the glow plug being arranged in the left and right air inlet pipe of electromotor; The grill heater being arranged on engine intercooler and air inlet pipe junction includes left side, each one of right side, and its power is big, and heating 90s post-heater central temperature is more than 1000 DEG C;The glow plug being arranged in the left and right air inlet pipe of electromotor respectively includes four, and its power is less, glow plug central temperature 380 DEG C after heating 90s, glow plug is arranged on distance grill heater remote position, the grill heater 1-1 being positioned at left side and the grill heater 1-2 being positioned at right side all each with a preheating relay JK1, JK3 is connected, it is positioned in left air inlet pipe four left glow plug 1-3 to be connected with same preheating relay JK2 with four be positioned in right air inlet pipe right glow plug 1-4, 3 preheating relays are controlled by a warm-up control relay J K0, all of preheating relay is arranged in a control chamber, control chamber is arranged on vehicle frame, warm-up control relay J K0 and power supply, battery main switch K0, control switch K1 series connection, control whether air inlet is heated by controlling switch K1, and grill heater and glow plug heat the air themperature within whole air inlet pipe simultaneously, intake air temperature is made to be fully warmed-up.
Fuel heating system as described in Figure 2 includes:
Fuel tank heater 2-1, for the fuel oil in fuel tank is heated, it is the critesistor heating plate being arranged in fuel tank.
Filter heating device 2-2, for the external heating device of cleaner, is made up of overall pre-pressing heater outside metallic matrix and metallic matrix on filter casing; During heater work, the shell circumference of cleaner is heated evenly, and heats is good, and firing rate is fast, it is possible to prevents fuel oil from analysing wax at low temperatures, makes the good fluidity of guarantee fuel oil, improves fuel oil temperature simultaneously.
Fuel sucking pipe heater 2-3,2-4,2-5,2-6, for being heated the fuel oil in fuel sucking pipe; It is the heating wire being arranged in fuel sucking pipe, and when application is equipped, the end interface place being contained in fuel pipe by three-way interface is accessed in fuel pipe.
Engine cylinder-body heater 2-7, for the cylinder body of electromotor is heated, it is the critesistor heating plate being arranged on cylinder body high-pressure oil pump entrance location; Before the engine is started up, engine cylinder-body, high-pressure oil pump, high-pressure oil pipe temperature are identical with ambient temperature, although fuel tank, cleaner, fuel pipe having heater for fuel Heating, but temperature reduces when fuel oil flows through high-pressure oil pump, the fuel oil temperature sprayed in cylinder by high-pressure oil pump is low, and electromotor is not easy to catch fire; After installing heater on cylinder body high-pressure oil pump, the fuel oil temperature being sparged into cylinder is high, is atomized, and electromotor easily catches fire.
Above-mentioned fuel tank heater, filter heating device, fuel sucking pipe heater, engine cylinder-body heater are all connected with display 2-8 and self-check control circuit 2-9, and self-check control circuit 2-9 is switched K0 by battery main switch and controls, display 2-8 and self-check control circuit 2-9 is controlled by control switch K2 simultaneously. Self-check control circuit 2-9 is available circuit, is no longer developed in details in.
For ensureing that electromotor remains good confession oil condition, each heater is provided with self-check control circuit, it is possible to independently to fuel oil automatic temperature control heating.
Concrete test method is as follows:
1. trystate
(1) car load one of equipment DEUTZ company BF12L513C air-cooled diesel engine (power 386kw);
(2) ZF company WSK400+8S221 hydraulic mechanical transmission box;
(3) above-mentioned engine charge preheating device is a set of;
(4) above-mentioned fuel heating system is a set of;
(5) four pieces of 12V180Ah ferric phosphate lithium cells.(accumulator is arranged in the accumulator box on the right side of vehicle chassis, and accumulator primarily serves the purpose of engine start and provides electric energy; Ferric phosphate lithium cell has a characteristic: low temperature performance is good, can discharge the electricity of more than 80% at low temperatures; When ferric phosphate lithium cell just begins to use at low temperatures, owing to ambient temperature is too low, accumulator internal resistance is bigger, external output voltage is relatively low, but along with the use to battery, making inner heat in the process of battery discharging, internal resistance reduces therewith, external output voltage gradually rises, and is returned under room temperature discharge performance. )
2. experimental enviroment
Ambient temperature is set as-40 DEG C, is incubated, until oil temperature, cylinder cap temperature, diesel fuel temperature reach ambient temperature.
3. experimental procedure
Step 1 opens fuel heating system; In whole start-up course, fuel system automatic temperature control heating.
Step 2 starts starter 40～45s; Accumulator provides electric energy for starter, and starter drags engine rotation, reduces engine rotation resistance, prepares for formally starting; Can be battery discharging simultaneously, improve accumulator low temperature performance.
Step 3 stop machine work 15～20s, for accumulator provide voltage recovery chance.
Step 4 starts starter 40～45s; Drag engine rotation, reduce the resistance of start further.
Step 5 operates engine charge preheating device preheating 100s～105s; Utilize air inlet heating device to be heated to engine air inlet tube inner air, improve Engine Inlet Temperature, make electromotor easier start up.
Step 6 starts electromotor.
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in conjunction with accompanying drawing although above-mentioned; but not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme, those skilled in the art need not pay various amendments or deformation that creative work can make still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the high-power air-cooled diesel engine low temperature quick-start system of heavy vehicle, it is characterised in that: include engine charge preheating device, fuel heating system and power supply;
Described engine charge preheating device includes:
Grill heater, it is arranged on engine intercooler and air inlet pipe junction, for air-inlet grille is heated;
Glow plug, it is arranged on engine air inlet tube, for the gas within air inlet pipe is heated;
Described grill heater and glow plug heat the air themperature within air inlet pipe simultaneously, make intake air temperature be fully warmed-up;
Described fuel heating system includes:
Fuel tank heater, for the fuel oil in fuel tank is heated, it is the critesistor heating plate being arranged in fuel tank;
Filter heating device, for the external heating device of cleaner, is made up of overall pre-pressing heater outside metallic matrix and metallic matrix on filter casing;
Fuel sucking pipe heater, for being heated the fuel oil in fuel sucking pipe; It is the heating wire being arranged in fuel sucking pipe, when application is equipped, accesses in fuel pipe;
Engine cylinder-body heater, for the cylinder body of electromotor is heated, it is the critesistor heating plate being arranged on cylinder body high-pressure oil pump entrance location;
Power supply, for powering to described engine charge preheating device, fuel heating system.
2. the high-power air-cooled diesel engine low temperature quick-start system of heavy vehicle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: air-inlet grille heater heating 90s post-heater central temperature is more than 1000 DEG C.
3. the high-power air-cooled diesel engine low temperature quick-start system of heavy vehicle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described glow plug, glow plug central temperature 380 DEG C after heating 90s, it is mounted remotely from the position of grill heater.
4. the high-power air-cooled diesel engine low temperature quick-start system of heavy vehicle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described grill heater is arranged on engine intercooler and left and right air inlet pipe junction, the grill heater being positioned at left side is all each connected with a preheating relay with the grill heater being positioned at right side; Described glow plug includes two groups, it is separately mounted in the left and right air inlet pipe of electromotor, two groups of glow plugs are connected with same preheating relay, three described preheating relays are by a warm-up control Control, warm-up control relay used is connected with power supply, battery main switch, control switch, by controlling whether on-off control carries out charge heating to electromotor.
5. the high-power air-cooled diesel engine low temperature quick-start system of heavy vehicle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fuel tank heater, filter heating device, fuel sucking pipe heater, engine cylinder-body heater are equipped with self-check control circuit, independently to fuel oil automatic temperature control heating, electromotor can be made to remain good in oil condition.
6. the high-power air-cooled diesel engine low temperature quick-start system of heavy vehicle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described fuel tank heater, filter heating device, fuel sucking pipe heater are all connected with display and self-check control circuit with engine cylinder-body heater; Described self-check control circuit is connected with power supply, battery main switch, control switch.
7. the starting method of the high-power air-cooled diesel engine low temperature quick-start system of heavy vehicle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1 opens fuel heating system; In whole start-up course, fuel system automatic temperature control heating;
Step 2 starts starter 40～45s; Accumulator provides electric energy for starter, and starter drags engine rotation, reduces engine rotation resistance, prepares for formally starting; Simultaneously for battery discharging, improve accumulator low temperature performance;
Step 3 stop machine work 15～20s, for accumulator provide voltage recovery chance;
Step 4 starts starter 40～45s; Drag engine rotation, reduce the resistance of start further;
Step 5 operates engine charge preheating device preheating 100s～105s; Utilize air inlet heating device to be heated to engine air inlet tube inner air, improve Engine Inlet Temperature, make electromotor easier start up;
Step 6 starts electromotor.
8. the starting method of the high-power air-cooled diesel engine low temperature quick-start system of heavy vehicle as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: described accumulator is jumbo lithium battery, lithium battery active volume is more than 70%, and along with the consumption of electricity, output promotes on the contrary, and its maximum discharge-rate is up to 15C; Lithium battery is as starting battery, and at-40 DEG C, it has the ability to support powerful firing equipment, also has enough Power Reserve repeatedly to start after electromotor carries out fully heating.
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