CN104533559A - Emission reduction method for retained waste gas in diesel engine in Miller cycle - Google Patents

Emission reduction method for retained waste gas in diesel engine in Miller cycle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104533559A
CN104533559A CN201410633999.3A CN201410633999A CN104533559A CN 104533559 A CN104533559 A CN 104533559A CN 201410633999 A CN201410633999 A CN 201410633999A CN 104533559 A CN104533559 A CN 104533559A
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waste gas
diesel engine
phase place
miller cycle
intake
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CN104533559B (en
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褚超美
洪佳骏
申震
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02Valve drive
    • F01L1/04Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/08Shape of cams
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/0047Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
    • F02D41/006Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] using internal EGR
    • F02D41/0062Estimating, calculating or determining the internal EGR rate, amount or flow
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30Controlling fuel injection
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0002Controlling intake air
    • F02D2041/001Controlling intake air for engines with variable valve actuation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an emission reduction method for retained waste gas in a diesel engine in a Miller cycle. As the phase position design is performed for an admission cam, an intake valve of the diesel engine is closed in the ascending process of a piston, and part gas entering a cylinder is pushed into an intake pipe to realize the delayed-closing type Miller cycle working process of the intake valve of the diesel engine; and as the phase position design is performed for an exhaust cam, an exhaust valve is closed beforehand, so that part burnt waste gas is retained in the cylinder, and is mixed with fresh mixed gas to participate in the next circulating combustion. The diesel engine solves the difficulty of excessive impulse temperature in the cylinder in a traditional IEGR technology; compared with an EEGR technology, the method can be applied to various complex working conditions, is wider in adaptability and lower in cost, and can achieve better emission reduction efficiency; and compared with a traditional IEGR technology under a diesel cycle, the method has the characteristics of reducing the temperature of the gas in the cylinder after the adiabatic compression, facilitates to improve the high-temperature environment in the cylinder, weakens the NOx generation, and achieves the NOx emission reduction effect which can not be achieved by the single IEGR technology.

Description

The discharge-reducing method of waste gas is retained in machine in a kind of diesel engine miller cycle
Technical field
The present invention relates to diesel emission abatement technical field, specifically, relate to the discharge-reducing method retaining waste gas in a kind of diesel engine miller cycle in machine.
Background technique
Inside and outside many diesel engines, the theory of purification technics and application study show, EGR Technology (EGR) reduces one of diesel engine nitrogen oxide (NOx) effulent effective measures.
It is a certain proportion ofly fire waste gas by mixing toward cylinder in that EGR reduces discharging mechanism, realizes the oxygen concentration of reduction gas in the jar; By firing the increasing action of waste gas to the total thermal capacitance of gas in the jar, realize the object reducing maximum combustion temperature.The reduction of oxygen content and temperature in cylinder of diesel engine, makes the NOx being easy to generate under high temperature, excess oxygen be inhibited.
Engine EGR is divided into outside and inner two kinds of modes.Current external exhaust gas recirculation (EEGR) key problem in technology mixes again sending in cylinder through the cooled waste gas of external engine with fresh air, can have the effect reducing oxygen concentration in EGR gas temperature and cylinder simultaneously; Current internal exhaust gas recirculation (IEGR) technology makes portion at machine Inner eycle, and because waste gas is without pressure cooling, process recycling still remains the condition of high temperature, easily causes charge temperature in cylinder to raise.Cause IEGR reduction of discharging usefulness cannot reach the usefulness of EEGR.But IEGR is low with implementation cost, without the need to increasing extra footprint, functional reliability advantages of higher is used widely.
Traditional diesel engine IEGR technology is a kind of single IEGR technology of carrying out under diesel engine diesel cycle.Due to the temperature in cylinder directly cannot be reduced, to the suppression limitation that NOx generates, make IEGR emission reduction effect cannot reach maximum performance.
Improve charge temperature in IEGR cylinder, promote the new problem that usefulness becomes IEGR technical research.Miller cycle concept is proposed in nineteen forties by American engineer Ralph Miller the earliest, but causes this technology to fail to be widely used due to the narrow limitation of supercharger ratio at that time.In recent years along with the appearance of high supercharging pressure level pressurized machine, make miller cycle enter the sight line of people again, many scholars such as Jorge J.G. Martins, Krisztina Uzuneanu all demonstrate miller cycle and have the effect reducing charge temperature in cylinder in thermodynamic theories research.But yet there are no the relevant report solving the too high problem of charge temperature in conventional I EGR technology cylinder by miller cycle.
Summary of the invention
The invention discloses the discharge-reducing method retaining waste gas in a kind of diesel engine miller cycle in machine, for solving, charge temperature in conventional I EGR technology cylinder is high, NOx generates the not good difficult problem of control effects, after making it use compared with existing EEGR technology, not only emission reduction effect is good, and cost is low, applicability wide, can be used for Various Complex operating mode.
Technical solution of the present invention is achieved in that
The discharge-reducing method of waste gas is retained in machine in a kind of diesel engine miller cycle, described method is by intake cam Signal Phase Design, diesel engine inlet valve is closed in piston stroking upward way, the portion gas entered in cylinder is pushed suction tude, realizes diesel engine inlet valve slow enclosed miller cycle working procedure; By to exhaust cam Signal Phase Design, close exhaust valve in advance, make part fire waste gas and reside in cylinder, again mix with incoming mixture and participate in next circulating combustion.
Further, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) primary election miller cycle LIVC phase place: according to the requirement of target diesel engine to the minimum air inflow that often circulates, within the scope of the CA of 70 ° ~ 100 °, LIVC angle, select M group to meet target model machine often to circulate the miller cycle LIVC phase place that minimum air inflow requires, wherein M >=2;
(2) primary election is retained waste gas EEVC and is vented phase place: retain waste gas EGR design principle according to inside, within the scope of ° CA of air inlet top dead center-10 ° ~ 10, arranges EEVC exhaust phase place, wherein N >=2 that N group retains waste gas;
(3) alternative intake and exhaust phase combination scheme is determined: respectively the retention waste gas EEVC of primary election is vented phase place, combine with each LIVC phasing scheme of primary election, study various IEGR to be vented phase place and to lead IEGR and the affecting laws of power, and lead and lowest power requirement according to minimum target IEGR, obtain the alternative intake and exhaust phase combination scheme satisfied condition;
(4) selection is applicable to the injection advance angle of target engine fuel economy and emission performance: for the alternative distribution scheme of the difference obtained in step (3), within the scope of the injection timing of budc 3 ° ~ 10 ° of CA, select effective specific fuel consumption and NOx emission performance all can meet the best injection advance angle scheme of target call, so far obtain the whole parameters of alternative;
(5) typical intake and exhaust phase place and injection timing assembled scheme is selected: for above-mentioned each group of intake and exhaust phase place and injection timing assembled scheme, carry out motor complete machine simulation analysis of computer, with meet power character and fuel economy loss lower than 10% for condition, select out the minimum typical intake and exhaust phase place of NOx discharge numerical value and injection timing assembled scheme;
(6) application engine performance test amendment design parameter: for step (5) the typical intake and exhaust phase place of selecting out and injection timing assembled scheme, carry out motor overall performance test, judge whether test result medium power, fuel economy and NOx emission numerical value reach re-set target;
(7) scheme meeting target is intake and exhaust cam valve-closing optimum phase, and then designs cam profile and revise;
(8) if the test result in step (6) is less than foot-eye, trace levelling is carried out to injection advance angle numerical value in step (4), then repeats subsequent step.
Preferably, with identical LIVC angular spacing in step (1), select meet target model machine often circulate minimum air inflow require miller cycle LIVC phase place.
Preferably, in step (2) with 4 ° ~ 5 ° CA for interval, arrange retain waste gas EEVC be vented phase place.
Preferably, it is 9.5% that the described minimum target IEGR in step (3) leads.
Preferably, the described lowest power in step (3) is 90% former acc power.
The discharge-reducing method of waste gas is retained in machine in a kind of diesel engine miller cycle provided by the present invention, first LIVC miller cycle is combined with retention waste gas formula IEGR technology, the present invention passes through intake cam Signal Phase Design, diesel engine inlet valve is closed in piston stroking upward way, the portion gas entered in cylinder is pushed into suction tude, realizes diesel engine inlet valve slow enclosed miller cycle working procedure; Gas in the jar temperature after miller cycle can reduce adiabatic compression, improve hot environment in cylinder, weaken NOx formation condition.By to exhaust cam Signal Phase Design, close exhaust valve in advance, make part fire waste gas and reside in cylinder, again mix with incoming mixture and participate in next circulating combustion; Due to CO in waste gas 2, H 2the high specific heat capacity characteristic of O etc. three atomic gas, can reduce cylinder temperature, slow down NO xgenerating rate.The inventive method reduces the effect of gas in the jar temperature by miller cycle, make up in single machine retain EGR Technology cannot the defect of forced cooling, reach and improve the NOx retaining EGR Technology and reduce discharging usefulness object.Adopt the diesel engine of the technology of the present invention, the diesel engine IEGR technology based on miller cycle can be realized, solve the difficult problem that in conventional I EGR technology cylinder, charge temperature is too high; Compared with EEGR technology, it can be applied to Various Complex operating mode, and applicability is wider, and cost is lower, can reach simultaneously and reduce discharging usefulness preferably; Compared with the IEGR technology under traditional diesel cycle, there is the characteristic reducing the gas in the jar temperature after adiabatic compression, contribute to improving hot environment in cylinder, weaken NOx and generate, play single IEGR technology can not and NOx emission reduction effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 retains waste gas formula IEGR to coordinate LIVC miller cycle valve timing diagram;
Fig. 2 is that diesel cycle and miller cycle T-V scheme;
Fig. 3 retains waste gas formula IEGR process schematic;
Fig. 4 is the present invention and former machine intake and exhaust phase place schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is under different miller cycle LIVC phase place, the effect diagram that exhaust valve closing phase place leads IEGR;
Fig. 6 is that under different miller cycle LIVC phase place, exhaust valve closing phase place is to the effect diagram of power;
Fig. 7 is the effect diagram of injection timing to effective specific fuel consumption;
(a) LIVC70+EEVC-2,(b)LIVC76+EEVC-2,(c)LIVC82+EEVC2
Fig. 8 is maximum temperature in cylinder, NOx emission comparison diagram;
Fig. 9 is power character, economic performance comparison diagram.
In figure: 0#: former machine, 1#, 2#, 3#: under being respectively Different L IVC miller cycle, retain waste gas IEGR.
Embodiment
Core of the present invention redesigns target type intake and exhaust phase place, to realize implanting diesel engine miller cycle working procedure by retaining EGR Technology in machine, and carries out burning optimization.Be described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example.The present embodiment proposes concrete structure and service condition, but the present embodiment can not be used for limiting the present invention, and every employing similarity method of the present invention and similar change thereof, all should list protection scope of the present invention in.
Valve timing diagram of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, realizes retaining EGR Technology in machine with this and implants diesel engine miller cycle working procedure.
Miller cycle is the setting by port timing, makes actual compression ratio be less than a kind of internal combustion engine thermal force circulation form of expansion ratio.Different from conventional diesel engine diesel cycle, the present invention is by the method for delayed closedown intake valve (LIVC) in piston stroking upward way, gas is divided to push suction tude cylinder interior, until just really start compression process after IC Intake Valve Closes, actual compression ratio is diminished, thus reduce the temperature of gas in the jar after adiabatic compression, play the effect reducing charge temperature in cylinder.Compared with diesel cycle, miller cycle has the characteristic of the gas in the jar temperature after reducing adiabatic compression, IEGR gaseous combustion initial temperature higher shape condition can be made to obtain alleviate to a certain extent, contribute to improving hot environment in cylinder, weaken NOx generate, play single IEGR technology can not and NOx emission reduction effect.
Fig. 2 is that the T-V of miller cycle and diesel cycle schemes, and in figure, abcdefa is miller cycle, and ac ' d ' e ' f ' a is diesel cycle, and intake temperature is T 1.The compression stroke of miller cycle is divided into isothermal uncompressed section of ab and adiabatic compression section bc; Because valve closes evening, miller cycle just comes into effect adiabatic compression truly from b point; Than the diesel cycle of experience ac ' adiabatic compression stroke, charge temperature T in the cylinder that its adiabatic compression ends 2lower than diesel cycle compression end of a period T 3; Finally cause maximum temperature T in cylinder 4lower than diesel cycle T 5.Thus miller cycle is adopted effectively can to reduce maximum temperature in compression terminal and cylinder.
EGR Technology is retained in machine, by closing exhaust valve in advance to reduce valve overlap, thus the scavenging effect in reduction overlapping angle, make part fire waste gas to remain in cylinder and to participate in next circulating combustion, realize retaining EGR Technology in waste gas machine, retain exhaust process as shown in Figure 3.
For certain diesel engine, by the redesign to target type row, intake cam, injection timing redesigns, and realize set working procedure of the present invention, the present invention and former machine intake and exhaust phase place schematic diagram are as shown in Figure 4.
Embodiment is as follows:
primary election miller cycle LIVC air inlet phase: according to the requirement of target diesel engine to the minimum air inflow that often circulates, close within the scope of the CA of 70 ° ~ 100 °, angle evening at intake valve, with 6 ° of CA for interval, select six groups meet target model machine often circulate minimum air inflow require miller cycle LIVC phase place, be respectively LIVC70, LIVC76, LIVC82, LIVC88, LIVC94 and LIVC100;
primary election is retained waste gas EEVC and is vented phase place: retain waste gas EGR design principle according to inside, within the scope of ° CA of air inlet top dead center-10 ° ~ 10, with 4 ° of CA for interval, six groups of EEVC retaining waste gas are set and are vented phase place, be respectively EEVC-10, EEVC-6, EEVC-2, EEVC2, EEVC6 and LIVC10;
determine alternative intake and exhaust phase combination scheme: respectively the retention waste gas EEVC of primary election is vented phase place, combine with each LIVC phasing scheme of primary election, study various IEGR exhaust phase place and IEGR is led and the affecting laws of power; As shown in Figure 5, under identical miller cycle LIVC phase place, along with the closing angle in advance of exhaust valve increases, IEGR leads and also improves constantly; And LIVC phase place is larger, IEGR rate score is higher.As shown in Figure 6, under identical miller cycle LIVC phase place, along with the closing angle in advance of exhaust valve increases, power constantly declines; And LIVC phase place is larger, and magnitude of power is lower.
Lead the double condition of (9.5%) and lowest power (190kW) according to minimum IEGR, select out the three groups of alternative intake and exhaust phasing schemes satisfied condition, be respectively LIVC70+EEVC-2, LIVC76+EEVC-2 and LIVC82+EEVC2.
selection is applicable to the injection advance angle of target engine fuel economy and emission performance: change injection advance angle and pressurized gas temperature and pressure in cylinder can be made to change, cause ignition time delay to change.For in the alternative distribution scheme of difference that obtains, within the scope of the injection timing of budc 3 ° ~ 10 ° of CA, study the affecting laws of different ignition advance angle to effective specific fuel consumption and NOx.As seen from Figure 7, the injection timing under each alternative all presents quadratic curve shape to the influence curve of effective specific fuel consumption; Along with shifting to an earlier date of ignition timing, the discharge of NOx improves constantly.
For the simulation result of each alternative distribution scheme, to ensure every cylinder often circulation NOx emission numerical value lower than 520ppm for condition, effective specific fuel consumption is minimum is optimum principle, selected best injection advance angle.So far the whole parameters of alternative is obtained, as shown in table 1.
Table 1: alternative parameters
Scheme LIVC EEVC Thermodynamic cycle mode Injection advance angle/° CA ATDC
0# 34.5 35.5 Diesel -7
1# 70 -2 Miller -6
2# 76 -2 Miller -5
3# 82 2 Miller -5
select typical intake and exhaust phase place and injection timing assembled scheme: amount to four prescription cases for above-mentioned three groups of intake and exhaust phase places with injection timing assembled scheme and former machine, carry out motor complete machine simulation analysis of computer.
As seen from Figure 8, because IEGR high-temp waste gas heats up the combined influence effect of lower the temperature with waste gas high specific heat capacity, in 1# scheme cylinder, maximum temperature is a little more than former machine, but waste gas but under combustion effect, its NOx emission is lower than former machine; Along with the continuous postponement of miller cycle LIVC phase place, in cylinder, cooling-down effect constantly strengthens, and in 2#, 3# cylinder, maximum temperature, NOx emission are all starkly lower than former machine.From Fig. 9 to overall performance impact analysis, 2#, 3# scheme all can ensure that power character and fuel economy loss are all less than 10%.Based on NOx discharge principle of selecting the best qualified, select 2# scheme, namely this class value: LIVC76+EEVC-2 and BTDC5 ° CA, as typical intake and exhaust phase place and injection timing assembled scheme.
application engine performance test amendment design parameter: for the typical intake and exhaust phase place of selecting out and injection timing LIVC76+EEVC-2 and BTDC5 ° of CA assembled scheme, carry out motor overall performance test, test result shows whether its power character, fuel economy and NOx emission numerical value reach re-set target.The program is intake and exhaust cam valve-closing optimum phase, and then designs cam profile and revise.

Claims (6)

1. in a diesel engine miller cycle, in machine, retain the discharge-reducing method of waste gas, it is characterized in that: described method is by intake cam Signal Phase Design, diesel engine inlet valve is closed in piston stroking upward way, the portion gas entered in cylinder is pushed suction tude, realizes diesel engine inlet valve slow enclosed miller cycle working procedure; By to exhaust cam Signal Phase Design, close exhaust valve in advance, make part fire waste gas and reside in cylinder, again mix with incoming mixture and participate in next circulating combustion.
2. retain the discharge-reducing method of waste gas in diesel engine miller cycle as claimed in claim 1 in machine, it is characterized in that, the method comprises:
(1) primary election miller cycle intake valve closes (LIVC) phase place evening: according to the requirement of target diesel engine to the minimum air inflow that often circulates, close within the scope of the CA of 70 ° ~ 100 °, (LIVC) angle evening at intake valve, select M group to meet target model machine often to circulate the miller cycle LIVC phase place that minimum air inflow requires, wherein M >=2;
(2) exhausting waste gas door early pass (EEVC) phase place is retained in primary election: retain EGR (EGR) design principle according to inside, and within the scope of ° CA of air inlet top dead center-10 ° ~ 10, the EEVC arranging N group retention waste gas is vented phase place, wherein N >=2;
(3) alternative intake and exhaust phase combination scheme is determined: respectively by the retention waste gas EEVC phase place of primary election, combine with each LIVC phasing scheme of primary election, study various internal exhaust gas recirculation (IEGR) to be vented phase place and to lead IEGR and the affecting laws of power, and lead and lowest power requirement according to minimum target IEGR, obtain the alternative intake and exhaust phase combination scheme satisfied condition;
(4) selection is applicable to the injection advance angle of target engine fuel economy and emission performance: for the alternative distribution scheme of the difference obtained in step (3), within the scope of the injection timing of budc 3 ° ~ 10 ° of CA, select effective specific fuel consumption and NOx emission performance all can meet the best injection advance angle scheme of target call, so far obtain the whole parameters of alternative;
(5) typical intake and exhaust phase place and injection timing assembled scheme is selected: for above-mentioned each group of intake and exhaust phase place and injection timing assembled scheme, carry out motor complete machine simulation analysis of computer, with meet power character and fuel economy loss lower than 10% for condition, select out the minimum typical intake and exhaust phase place of NOx discharge numerical value and injection timing assembled scheme;
(6) application engine performance test amendment design parameter: for step (5) the typical intake and exhaust phase place of selecting out and injection timing assembled scheme, carry out motor overall performance test, judge whether test result medium power, fuel economy and NOx emission numerical value reach re-set target;
(7) scheme meeting target is intake and exhaust cam valve-closing optimum phase, and then designs cam profile and revise;
(8) if the test result in step (6) is less than foot-eye, trace levelling is carried out to injection advance angle numerical value in step (4), then repeats subsequent step.
3. retain the discharge-reducing method of waste gas in diesel engine miller cycle as claimed in claim 2 in machine, it is characterized in that: wherein in step (1) with identical LIVC angular spacing, select and meet target model machine and often to circulate the miller cycle LIVC phase place that minimum air inflow requires.
4. retain the discharge-reducing method of waste gas in diesel engine miller cycle as claimed in claim 2 in machine, it is characterized in that: wherein in step (2) with 4 ° ~ 5 ° CA for interval, the EEVC retaining waste gas is set and is vented phase place.
5. retain the discharge-reducing method of waste gas in diesel engine miller cycle as claimed in claim 2 in machine, it is characterized in that: it is 9.5% that the described minimum target IEGR wherein in step (3) leads.
6. retain the discharge-reducing method of waste gas in diesel engine miller cycle as claimed in claim 2 in machine, it is characterized in that: the described lowest power wherein in step (3) is 90% former acc power.
CN201410633999.3A 2014-11-12 2014-11-12 A kind of diesel engine Miller cycle is retained in machine the discharge-reducing method of waste gas Expired - Fee Related CN104533559B (en)

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