CN104530473A - Vapor steam-based scattered blow-off waste plastic dechlorination method and system - Google Patents
Vapor steam-based scattered blow-off waste plastic dechlorination method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104530473A CN104530473A CN201410833951.7A CN201410833951A CN104530473A CN 104530473 A CN104530473 A CN 104530473A CN 201410833951 A CN201410833951 A CN 201410833951A CN 104530473 A CN104530473 A CN 104530473A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention relates to a vapor steam-based scattered blow-off waste plastic dechlorination method and system. The principle is that HCl is released when polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics are melted, and the HCl released by the waste plastics is taken out by utilizing vapor; and meanwhile, the inorganic chlorine salt mixed into the waste plastics can be converted into HCl so as to be separated out by the steam, so that the Cl in the waste plastics is separated. The system disclosed by the invention comprises a waste plastic drier, a dechlorination reactor, a vapor source, a scrubber, a necessary purifier, a gas tank and a served pyrolysis reactor. The vapor generated by the drier is directly fed into the dechlorination reactor or is subjected to necessary purification to be fed into the dechlorination reactor, and the vapor serves as one of the vapor sources; and insufficient vapor is supplied by an external vapor source. According to the method and system, the aim of separating Cl from the waste plastics mixed with PVC and inorganic chlorine salt can be achieved, and the gas produced during dechlorination is high in purity, and waste is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and system of the plastic waste dechlorination based on vapour stream dispersion stripping.
Background technology
The application of plastics in our life is more and more extensive, also creates a large amount of waste or used plastics simultaneously and is abandoned in various waste flow, cause serious pollution to environment.Such as, in domestic waste (MSW), Biohazard Waste neutralizes in some trade wastes a large amount of plastic waste, wherein also containing PVC, or even inorganic villaumite, make these wastes not only produce the problem of HCl pollution when burning, but also there is the hidden danger of dioxin generation.
Polyethylene (PE) in general thermoplastics, polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), being maximum in the daily necessities amount of discarding, is also the plastic waste kind that in domestic refuse, medical waste, content is higher.These thermoplastic waste plastics are after starvation is heated to certain temperature, pyrolysis can be there is, generate oil, gas and cinder, these products all can be recycled, if but there is PVC and butter in plastic waste, can HCl be discharged in pyrolytic process, etching apparatus, and reduce the quality of oil, gas and cinder; The danger that dioxin generates still also is there is when supplying part oxygen pyrolysis.
Owing to not only having a large amount of polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PS) and polystyrene (PS) in rubbish, also be mixed with the plastic containing chlorine such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), in addition also often food dreg is stained with above the plastics bag in rubbish, wherein containing NaCl.And not only containing a large amount of PVC in medical waste, more owing to being sterilized water, injection salt solution polluted, and also contains inorganic chlorine.Plastic waste containing PVC and inorganic chlorine burns, and can produce dioxin and HCl.Even adopt clean pyrolytic process, the existence of PVC and inorganic chlorine can make product be polluted, and affects follow-up utilization, has therefore occurred multiple dechlorination technology in existing plastic waste resource utilization recovery technology.Such as bibliographical information technology (the Castro A. of pyrolysis under inertia or vacuum atmosphere, Soares D., Vilarinho C., Castro F., 2012. Kinetics of thermal de-chlorination of PVC under pyrolytic conditions. Waste Management 32,847-851, Miranda R.., Yang J., Roy C., Vasile C., 1999.Vacuum pyrolysis of PVC I. Kinetic study. Polymer Degradation and Stability 64, 127-144.), the technology of hydro-thermal dechlorination is carried out under ammonia existent condition, it needs reactor (the Hashimoto K. of high pressure, Suga S., Wakayama Y., Funazukuri T., 2008. Hydrothermal dechlorination of PVC in the presence of ammonia. Novel Routes of Advanced Materials Processing and Applications 43, 2457-2462.), carry hydro-thermal dechlorination technology (the Lv B. under the existence of Pd catalyzer on activated carbon, Zhao G., Li D., Liang C., 2009. Dechlorination and oxidation for waste poly (vinylidene chloride) by hydrothermal catalytic oxidation on Pd/AC catalyst. Polymer Degradation and Stability94,1047-1052.), it also needs the hydrothermal reactor of high pressure, hydro-thermal reaction dechlorination (Takeshita Y. under subcritical and super critical condition, Kato K., Takahashi K., Sato Y., Nishi S., 2004. Basic study on treatment of waste polyvinyl chloride plastics by hydrothermal decomposition in subcritical and supercritical regions. The Journal of Supercritical Fluids 31 (2), 185-193, Endo K., Emori N., 2001. Dechlorination of poly (vinyl chloride) without anomalous units under high pressure and at high temperature in water. Polymer Degradation and Stability 74,113-117.), these hydro-thermal reactions are all for PVC, need expensive high pressure, corrosion-resistant hydrothermal reactor.Also (the Kaczmarek H. adopting photochemical reaction dechlorination is had, Podg ó rski A., Bajer K., 2005.Photochemical reactions in poly (vinyl chloride)/poly (vinyl alcohol) blends. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A, Chemistry 171, 187-195.), but the decomposition of plastic waste can not be stoped simultaneously, and photochemical reactor requires that all plastics are all irradiated by light, covered, the plastics be not irradiated by light can not react, therefore efficiency is very low.Also report is had to adopt (the Tongamp W. of mechanochemistry method dechlorination, Kano J., Zhang Q., Saito F., 2008. Simultaneous treatment of PVC and oyster-shell wastes by mechanochemical means. Waste Management 28 (3), 484-448; Inoue T., Miyazaki M., Kamitani M., Kano J., Saito F., 2004. Mechanochemical dechlorination of polyvinyl chloride by co-grinding with various metal oxides. Advanced Powder Technology 15,215-225.); The PVC in plastic waste is made to reach the temperature of release HCl by mechanical mill.Recently, we have also attempted a kind of fluidized-bed nitrogen stripping method, achieve good dechlorination effect (G.Yuan, D. Chen, L. Yin, Z. Wang L. Zhao and J.Y. Wang, Waste Management 34 (2014) 1045 – 1050); But, the N of supply heat
2system very complex, and the mixed waste plastic containing paper, rubber, cloth is realized in fluidized-bed even fluidizing also more difficult.Therefore, these dechlorination technologies existing are all faced with the problem that reactor cost is high, enforcement difficulty is large or dechlorination efficiency is not high, and some method such as mechanochemistry method and fluidized-bed stripping method do not slough effect to inorganic chlorine at all.Also be badly in need of exploiting economy, plastic waste dechlorination method effective, easy to implement and system at present.
Based on being difficult to be separated the present situation of sloughing Cl in current mixed waste plastic, The present invention gives a kind of plastic waste dechlorination method based on vapour stream dispersion stripping and corresponding implementation system.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method and system of the plastic waste dechlorination based on vapour stream dispersion stripping.
The method of a kind of plastic waste dechlorination based on vapour stream dispersion stripping that the present invention proposes, utilize polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics when melting, HCl can discharge, and the HCl of release can be disperseed, stripping takes out of when vapour stream fully contacts with plastic waste 1 in dechlorination reaction device 3; The inorganic villaumite be mixed in plastic waste 1 can also be converted into HCl precipitation by steam simultaneously; Thus by the Cl high efficiency separation in plastic waste 1 out.The vapour stream carrying HCl and coal mine gas enters washer 5 and makes that HCl is washed, steam is condensed; Coal mine gas 8 is collected sends into gas pot 6; Concrete steps are as follows:
(1): uncomfortable thing (as stone, iron block) etc. in removing plastic waste 1, and after being reduced size, feeding moisture eliminator 2;
(2): plastic waste 1 is heated by the first heating medium 10 in moisture eliminator 2 inner drying process, the water vapor of generation after cleaner 4 is except dust, then sends into dechlorination reaction device 3, and plastic waste 1 directly enters dechlorination reaction device 3 after super-dry;
The beneficial effect of this step is, because steam is utilized effectively, waste heat is not wasted; And the foul smell produced in drying process, also there are follow-up disposal and the chance of utilization.
(3): after the steam that step (2) produces and the steam 9 by external complement send into dechlorination reaction device 3, directly contact with the plastic waste 1 processed through step (2), and overheated through heating medium, the HCl that in plastic waste 1, PVC decomposition produces is taken away by vapour stream; The inflammable gas that slight pyrolysis generation occurs simultaneously is also taken away by steam; Carry HCl, the water vapor of the even dry foul smell produced of combustible gas that pyrolysis produces is admitted to washer 5; Simultaneously in dechlorination reaction device 3, the Cl in the NaCl carried because of swill etc. in plastic waste 1 reacts with water vapor and generates HCl and NaOH, by the inorganic chlorine separation be mixed in plastic waste 1; Described dechlorination reaction device 3 indirect heating, operating temperature is 300-330 DEG C, adopts stainless material; The total quantity of steam of steam addition produced from steam 9 and the step (2) of external complement and the ratio of plastic waste 1 are 400 ~ 469L/kg
(siccative);
(4): carry HCl, after the combustible gas that pyrolysis the produces water vapor of foul smell that even moisture eliminator brings sends into washer 5, with cold liming or other alkali lye spray.While washing HCl gas, the water vapour of part is also condensed, and does not therefore need the problem worrying washer 5 fluid infusion, only needs to fill into alkali lye or lime white, and the non-condensable gas 8 containing steam produced in washer 5 is mainly coal mine gas, sends into gas pot 6;
(5): after sending into gas pot 6 containing the non-condensable gas 8 of steam, water vapor can condense and collect in the bottom of gas pot 6, regularly discharges, and does not affect the use of coal mine gas;
(6): after the plastic waste feeding pyrolysis reactor 4 of removing Cl under the effect of heating medium, carry out pyrolysis or catalyse pyrolysis operation.Owing to eliminating Cl, pyrolysis reactor 4 and follow-up e-quipment and pipe thereof all do not need the high and low temperature etching problem worrying Cl.
In the present invention, the steam 9 of the external complement described in step (3) is saturation steam or superheated vapour.
In the present invention, the first heating medium 10 used in dechlorination reaction device 3 can be the high-temperature flue gas from pyrolysis reactor 4, and described heating medium can carry out indirect heating by sending into moisture eliminator 2 pairs of plastic waste 1 after dechlorination reaction device 3; The first heating medium 10 in dechlorination reaction device 3 can also be thermal oil; Now the heating medium of pyrolysis reactor 4 adopts high-temperature flue gas or fused salt.
The system of the plastic waste dechlorination based on vapour stream dispersion stripping that the present invention proposes, comprise moisture eliminator 2, dechlorination reaction device 3, pyrolysis reactor 4, washer 5, gas pot 6 and cleaner 7, the opening for feed of moisture eliminator 2 is the import of plastic waste 1, the discharge port of moisture eliminator 2 connects the opening for feed of dechlorination reaction device 3, and the discharge port of dechlorination reaction device 3 connects the opening for feed of pyrolysis reactor 4; The vapour outlet of moisture eliminator 2 connects the inlet mouth of cleaner 7, and the air outlet of cleaner 7 connects the inlet mouth of degassed chlorine reactor 3, and the air outlet of degassing reactor 3 connects the inlet mouth of washer 5, and the air outlet of washer 5 connects this tank 6 mutually; Pyrolysis reactor 4 is provided with the first heating medium 10 import, first heating medium 10 of pyrolysis reactor 4 exports the first heating medium 10 import connecting dechlorination reaction device 3, first heating medium 10 of dechlorination reaction device 3 exports the first heating medium 10 import connecting side bottom moisture eliminator 2, and moisture eliminator 2 top is provided with the first heating medium 10 and exports.
The system of the plastic waste dechlorination based on vapour stream dispersion stripping that the present invention proposes, the vapour outlet of moisture eliminator 2 connects the inlet mouth of dechlorination reaction device 3, and the air outlet of degassing reactor 3 connects the inlet mouth of washer 5, and the air outlet of washer 5 connects gas pot 6; Dechlorination reaction device 3 is provided with independently the first heating medium 10 import, is not connected with pyrolysis reactor 4; First heating medium 10 of dechlorination reaction device 3 exports the first heating medium 10 import connecting moisture eliminator 2, and moisture eliminator 2 top is provided with the first heating medium 10 and exports.
The system of the plastic waste dechlorination based on vapour stream dispersion stripping that the present invention proposes, the vapour outlet of moisture eliminator 2 connects the inlet mouth of dechlorination reaction device 3, and the air outlet of degassing reactor 3 connects the inlet mouth of washer 5, and the air outlet of washer 5 connects gas pot 6; Moisture eliminator 2 and dechlorination reaction device 3 be equipped with independently the first heating medium 10 import and independently the first heating medium 10 export.
In the present invention, described moisture eliminator 2 adopts rotary kiln type moisture eliminator or the vacuum blade jacketed type moisture eliminator of indirect heating, or spiral moisture eliminator, or in pneumatic dryer any one.
In the present invention, described dechlorination reaction device 3 adopts reacting in rotary kiln device, has axle helical reactors, in shaftless screw reactor, blade stirring formula reactor or air-flow portable type reactor any one.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) save energy
Be used due to the water vapor in moisture eliminator is sent into dechlorination reaction device 3, therefore not only reclaimed dry part energy, and avoid the process of the foul smell produced because of drying and the facility investment that needs and energy consumption;
(2) inflammable gas that dechlorination section produces is taken full advantage of
Steam is utilized directly to contact plastic waste, create the effect of similar gasification, because temperature is strict controlled within the scope of 300-330 DEG C, avoid the generation of oil, and the water vapor carrying HCl, foul smell and non-condensable gas is after washing tower, only remaining non-condensable gas, even if also have part water vapor, all right refrigerated separation below, therefore non-condensable gas can be utilized effectively;
(3) chlorine can be sloughed more up hill and dale
Utilize steam directly to contact plastic waste, fully can contact material, material is decomposed, and the HCl produced is disperseed immediately, stripping, segregation, Cl is separated more thoroughly, sloughs.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the system architecture diagram of a kind of plastic waste dechlorination based on vapour stream dispersion stripping of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural diagrams of embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural diagrams of embodiment 5.
Number in the figure: 1 is plastic waste, 2 is moisture eliminator, and 3 is dechlorination reaction device, and 4 is pyrolysis reactor, and 5 is washer, and 6 is gas pot, and 7 is cleaner, and 8 is non-condensable gas, and 9 is steam, and 10 is the first heating medium, and 11 is the second heating medium.
Embodiment
the present invention is further illustrated by reference to the accompanying drawings below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1: containing PE, PP, PS, PVC in plastic waste 1, etc.; From domestic refuse; And by the slight pollution of swill institute.This plastic waste needs to carry out pyrolytic gasification and produces combustible gas.Adopt the plastic waste dechlorination method that the present invention is based on vapour stream dispersion stripping, preliminary broken plastic waste 1 is sent into moisture eliminator 2, and moisture eliminator 2 adopts rotary kiln type, and the steam of generation, after cleaner 7, is sent in dechlorination reaction device 3.Cleaner 7 is tornado dust collector.Steam 9 simultaneously from system waste heat boiler is 1.0MPa, utilizes the exhaust steam produced in this high pressure steam injection moisture eliminator 2, together sends into dechlorination reaction device 3, sees Fig. 2.Plastic waste 1 is heated to 305 DEG C in dechlorination reaction device 3.Dechlorination reaction device 3 is rotary kiln type reactor, and inlet amount is 1.25t/h; The total amount of steam is 506Nm
3/ h; Can by organic C l in plastic waste and inorganic Cl high efficiency separation out, the separation efficiency of total Cl is 89%.The vapour stream carrying HCl and coal mine gas enters washer 5 and makes that HCl is washed, steam is condensed; Washer 5 is sieve-tray tower, and spray liquid is NaOH solution.Coal mine gas 8 is collected sends into gas pot 6, is utilized in systems in which.Leakage fluid dram is established in the bottom of gas pot 6.Material after dechlorination is admitted to pyrolysis reactor 4, is passed into steam gasification and pyrolysis in pyrolysis reactor 4.System is provided with combustion chamber, the high-temperature flue gas produced delivers to the saturation steam that waste heat boiler produces 1.0MPa, flue gas from waste heat boiler out after temperature still more than 550 DEG C, enter the heating medium import of dechlorination reaction device 3, then send into the heating medium import of moisture eliminator 2 from the Crude product input of dechlorination reaction device 3.
Embodiment 2: containing PE, PP, PVC in plastic waste 1, etc.; It is the plastic waste sub-elected in papermaking rubbish.This plastic waste needs to carry out pyrolysis and produces fuel oil, combustible gas and charcoal.Adopt the plastic waste dechlorination method that the present invention is based on vapour stream dispersion stripping, send after preliminary for plastic waste 1 fragmentation into moisture eliminator 2, moisture eliminator 2 adopts rotary kiln type moisture eliminator, adopts the flue gas heating from system waste heat boiler emission.The steam produced in moisture eliminator 2 is admitted in dechlorination reaction device 3, as Fig. 1.Plastic waste 1 is heated to 318 DEG C in dechlorination reaction device 3.Dechlorination reaction device 3 is the shaftless screw formula reactor that can reverse, and inlet amount is 1.1t/h; From the superheated vapour 280 DEG C of paper mill boiler emission, be admitted to dechlorination reaction device 3 after step-down, two-part steam total amount is 495Nm
3/ h; Can by organic C l(in plastic waste from PVC) high efficiency separation out, the separation efficiency of total Cl is 95%.The vapour stream carrying HCl and coal mine gas enters washer 5 and makes that HCl is washed, steam is condensed; Washer 5 is spray column, and spray liquid is milk of lime.Coal mine gas 8 is collected sends into gas pot 6.Leakage fluid dram is established in the bottom of gas pot 6.Material after dechlorination is admitted to pyrolysis reactor 4, and by high-temperature flue gas (i.e. the second heating medium 11) starvation heating pyrolysis in pyrolysis reactor 4, high-temperature flue gas is discharged from pyrolysis reactor 4, enters the heating medium import of dechlorination reaction device 3; Then the heating medium import of moisture eliminator 2 is sent into from the Crude product input of dechlorination reactor 3.
Embodiment 3: containing PE, PP, PVC in plastic waste 1, etc.; From medical waste; And be sterilized water, microbiotic and injection salt solution and pollute.This plastic waste 1 needs to carry out pyrolysis and produces fuel oil, combustible gas and charcoal.Adopt the plastic waste dechlorination method that the present invention is based on vapour stream dispersion stripping, plastic waste 1 is directly sent into moisture eliminator 2, and moisture eliminator 2 adopts vacuum Paddle dryer, in outside chuck, adopts the 0.6MPa steam heating produced from system waste heat boiler.Steam 9 injection that the steam produced in moisture eliminator 2 is directly 0.6MPa by pressure is sent in dechlorination reaction device 3.Plastic waste 1 is heated to 330 DEG C in dechlorination reaction device 3.Dechlorination reaction device 3 is blade stirring formula formula reactor, and inlet amount is 1.0t/h; The total amount of steam is 467Nm
3/ h; Can by organic C l in plastic waste and inorganic Cl high efficiency separation out, the separation efficiency of total Cl is 98.5%.The vapour stream carrying HCl and coal mine gas enters washer 5 and makes that HCl is washed, steam is condensed; Washer 5 is spray column, and spray liquid is milk of lime.Coal mine gas 9 is collected sends into gas pot 6.Leakage fluid dram is established in the bottom of gas pot 6.Material after dechlorination is admitted to pyrolysis reactor 4, by fused salt starvation heating pyrolysis in pyrolysis reactor 4.System is provided with combustion chamber, and the high-temperature flue gas of generation is delivered to waste heat boiler and produced thermal oil, heats fused salt simultaneously.Produce the saturation steam of 0.6MPa by thermal oil by interchanger, flue gas from waste heat boiler out after temperature still more than 400 DEG C, enter moisture eliminator 2 heating medium import; Thermal oil sends into the heating medium import of dechlorination reaction device 3, then sends waste heat boiler back to from the Crude product input of dechlorination reaction device 3.
Embodiment 4: containing PE, PP, PVC in plastic waste 1, etc.; Be separated in certain industrial refuse; Be broken.This plastic waste 1 needs to carry out pyrolysis and produces fuel oil, combustible gas and charcoal.Adopt the plastic waste dechlorination method that the present invention is based on vapour stream dispersion stripping, plastic waste 1 is directly sent into moisture eliminator 2, and moisture eliminator 2 adopts spiral moisture eliminator, in outside chuck, adopts the 1.0MPa steam heating produced from system waste heat boiler.Steam 9 injection that the steam produced in moisture eliminator 2 is directly 1.0MPa by pressure is sent in dechlorination reaction device 3.Plastic waste 1 is heated to 320 DEG C in dechlorination reaction device 3.Dechlorination reaction device 3 has axial spiral type reactor for what can reverse, and inlet amount is 1.0t/h; The total amount of steam is 435Nm
3/ h; Can by organic C l in plastic waste and inorganic Cl high efficiency separation out, the separation efficiency of total Cl is 98.0%.The vapour stream carrying HCl and coal mine gas enters washer 5 and makes that HCl is washed, steam is condensed; Washer 5 is spray column, and spray liquid is milk of lime.Coal mine gas 9 is collected sends into gas pot 6.Leakage fluid dram is established in the bottom of gas pot 6.Material after dechlorination is admitted to pyrolysis reactor 4, and by high-temperature flue gas (i.e. the second heating medium 11) starvation heating pyrolysis in pyrolysis reactor 4, high-temperature flue gas is discharged from pyrolysis reactor 4, enters the heating medium import of dechlorination reaction device 3; Then after-treatment device is sent into from the Crude product input of dechlorination reactor 3; The heating medium import of moisture eliminator 2 is sent into 1.0MPa steam and is heated moisture eliminator 2.
Embodiment 5: containing PE, PP, PVC in plastic waste 1, swill etc.; Be separated in rubbish; Be broken.This plastic waste 1 needs to carry out pyrolysis and produces fuel oil, combustible gas and charcoal.Adopt the plastic waste dechlorination method that the present invention is based on vapour stream dispersion stripping, plastic waste 1 is directly sent into moisture eliminator 2, and moisture eliminator 2 adopts pneumatic dryer, and moisture eliminator 2 is directly connected with the portable dechlorination reaction device of air-flow.By the vapor pressure produced in waste heat boiler be 0.6MPa, the superheated vapour 9 of 240 DEG C directly sends in moisture eliminator 2, sees Fig. 3.Plastic waste 1 is heated to about 300 DEG C in dechlorination reaction device 3.Dechlorination reaction device 3 is air-flow portable type reactor, after connect pyrolysis reactor 4, pyrolysis reactor 4 has the import of 2 grades of vortex dust removings.Treatment capacity is 1.0t/h; The feeding amount of steam is 469Nm
3/ h; Can by organic C l in plastic waste and inorganic Cl high efficiency separation out, the separation efficiency of total Cl is 98.0%.The vapour stream carrying HCl and coal mine gas enters washer 5 and makes that HCl is washed, steam is condensed; Washer 5 is spray column, and spray liquid is milk of lime.Coal mine gas 9 is collected sends into gas pot 6.Leakage fluid dram is established in the bottom of gas pot 6.By high-temperature flue gas (i.e. the second heating medium 11) starvation heating pyrolysis in pyrolysis reactor 4, high-temperature flue gas is discharged from pyrolysis reactor 4, enters the heating medium import of dechlorination reaction device 3; Then the Crude product input of self-desiccation device 2 sends into after-treatment device.
Claims (8)
1. the method based on the plastic waste dechlorination of vapour stream dispersion stripping, it is characterized in that utilizing igelite when melting, HCl can discharge, and the HCl of release can be disperseed, stripping takes out of when vapour stream fully contacts with plastic waste (1) in the dechlorination reaction device (3); The inorganic villaumite be mixed in plastic waste can also be converted into HCl precipitation by steam simultaneously; Thus by Cl high efficiency separation in plastic waste out; The vapour stream carrying HCl and coal mine gas enters washer (5) and makes that HCl is washed, steam is condensed; Coal mine gas is collected sends into gas pot (6); Concrete steps are as follows:
(1): uncomfortable thing in removing plastic waste (1), and after being reduced size, moisture eliminator (2) is sent into;
(2): plastic waste (1) is heated by heating medium (10) in moisture eliminator (2) inner drying process, the water vapor produced is after cleaner (4) is except dust, send into dechlorination reaction device (3) again, plastic waste (1) directly enters dechlorination reaction device (3) after super-dry;
(3): after the steam that step (2) produces and the steam (9) by external complement send into dechlorination reaction device (3), directly contact with the plastic waste (1) processed through step (2), and overheated through heating medium, the HCl that in plastic waste (1), PVC decomposition produces is taken away by vapour stream; The inflammable gas that slight pyrolysis generation occurs simultaneously is also taken away by steam; Carry HCl, pyrolysis produce the combustible gas even water vapor of foul smell be admitted to washer (5); Simultaneously in dechlorination reaction device (3), Cl in the NaCl carried because of swill etc. in plastic waste (1) and water vapor react and generate HCl and NaOH, the inorganic chlorine be mixed in plastic waste (1) is separated: described dechlorination reaction device (3) indirect heating, operating temperature is 300-330 DEG C, adopts stainless material; The total quantity of steam of steam addition produced from steam (9) and the step (2) of external complement and the ratio of plastic waste (1) are 400 ~ 469L/kg
(siccative);
(4): carry HCl, after the combustible gas that pyrolysis produces the even water vapor of foul smell send into washer (5), with cold liming or other alkali lye spray, while washing HCl gas, the water vapor of part is also condensed, only need to fill into alkali lye or lime white, the non-condensable gas 8 containing steam of discharging in washer (5) sends into gas pot (6);
(5): after the non-condensable gas (8) feeding gas pot (6) of steam, water vapor can condense and collect in the bottom of gas pot (6), regularly discharges;
(6) pyrolysis or catalyse pyrolysis operation: after plastic waste feeding pyrolysis reactor (4) of removing Cl under the effect of heating medium, is carried out.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the steam of the external complement described in step (3) is saturation steam or superheated vapour.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the heating medium (10) used in dechlorination reaction device (3) can be the high-temperature flue gas from pyrolysis reactor (4), described heating medium can carry out indirect heating to plastic waste (1) sending into moisture eliminator (2) by dechlorination reaction device (3) later; Or the heating medium (10) in dechlorination reaction device (3) is thermal oil; Now the heating medium of pyrolysis reactor (4) adopts high-temperature flue gas or fused salt.
4. a system of disperseing the method for the plastic waste dechlorination of stripping to use as claimed in claim 1 based on vapour stream, it is characterized in that comprising moisture eliminator (2), dechlorination reaction device (3), pyrolysis reactor (4), washer (5), gas pot (6) and cleaner (7), the opening for feed of moisture eliminator (2) is the import of plastic waste 1, the discharge port of moisture eliminator (2) connects the opening for feed of dechlorination reaction device (3), and the discharge port of dechlorination reaction device (3) connects the opening for feed of pyrolysis reactor (4); The vapour outlet of moisture eliminator (2) connects the inlet mouth of cleaner (7), the air outlet of cleaner (7) connects the inlet mouth of dechlorination reaction device (3), the air outlet of degassing reactor (3) connects the inlet mouth of washer (5), and the air outlet of washer (5) connects gas pot (6); Pyrolysis reactor (4) is provided with heating medium (10) import, heating medium (10) outlet of pyrolysis reactor (4) connects heating medium (10) import of dechlorination reaction device (3), heating medium (10) outlet of dechlorination reaction device (3) connects heating medium (10) import of moisture eliminator (2), and moisture eliminator (2) top is provided with heating medium (10) outlet.
5. a system of disperseing the method for the plastic waste dechlorination of stripping to use as claimed in claim 1 based on vapour stream, it is characterized in that the vapour outlet of moisture eliminator (2) connects the inlet mouth of dechlorination reaction device (3), the air outlet of degassing reactor (3) connects the inlet mouth of washer (5), and the air outlet of washer (5) connects gas pot (6); Dechlorination reaction device (3) is provided with independently heating medium (10) import, is not connected with pyrolysis reactor (4); Heating medium (10) outlet of dechlorination reaction device (3) connects heating medium (10) import of moisture eliminator (2), and moisture eliminator (2) top is provided with heating medium (10) outlet.
6. a system of disperseing the method for the plastic waste dechlorination of stripping to use as claimed in claim 1 based on vapour stream, it is characterized in that the vapour outlet of moisture eliminator (2) connects the inlet mouth of dechlorination reaction device (3), the air outlet of degassing reactor (3) connects the inlet mouth of washer (5), and the air outlet of washer (5) connects gas pot (6); Moisture eliminator (2) and dechlorination reaction device (3) are equipped with independently heating medium (10) import and independently heating medium (10) outlet.
7. the system according to claim 5-7, is characterized in that described moisture eliminator (2) adopts rotary kiln type moisture eliminator or the vacuum blade jacketed type moisture eliminator of indirect heating; Or spiral moisture eliminator; Or pneumatic dryer.
8. the system according to claim 5-7, is characterized in that described dechlorination reaction device (3) adopts reacting in rotary kiln device, has any one in axle helical reactors, shaftless screw reactor, blade stirring formula reactor or air-flow portable type reactor.
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| CN201410833951.7A CN104530473B (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2014-12-30 | Vapor steam-based scattered blow-off waste plastic dechlorination method and system |
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| CN201410833951.7A CN104530473B (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2014-12-30 | Vapor steam-based scattered blow-off waste plastic dechlorination method and system |
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| CN104530473B CN104530473B (en) | 2017-02-22 |
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| CN111100684A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-05-05 | 青岛惠城环保科技股份有限公司 | Process method for dechlorinating waste plastic in cracking process |
| CN116064066A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2023-05-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method and system for liquefying, viscosity-reducing and dechlorinating chlorine-containing waste plastics |
| CN116064071A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2023-05-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method and system for treating chlorine-containing waste plastics by using delayed coking device |
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| CN116064071A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2023-05-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method and system for treating chlorine-containing waste plastics by using delayed coking device |
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