CN104521712B - Introduction and screening method for ornamental grass in coastal salt and alkali area - Google Patents
Introduction and screening method for ornamental grass in coastal salt and alkali area Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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Abstract
The invention relates to an introduction and screening method for ornamental grass in a coastal salt and alkali area. The method comprises the following steps that salt tolerance, shade tolerance, drought tolerance and flooding tolerance are used as evaluation indexes, and the ornamental grass is evaluated through grey correlation analysis. The method is comprehensive in evaluation index, the actuality of the coastal salt and alkali area is met, the evaluation period is short, the screening period is shortened, and introduction and promotion of the varieties of the ornamental grass in the coastal salt and alkali area are facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Introduction And Selection method, more particularly to a kind of coastal saline-alkali area Ornamental Grasses Introduction And Selection side
Method.
Background technology
In recent years, as a kind of new plant landscaping material, perennial Ornamental Grasses are with its green phase more long, relatively low water
Resource consumption and good near-nature forest effect and be increasingly subject to pay attention to.Ornamental Grasses species is various, is a sizable group,
Its ornamental value is high, and plant type is varied, and leaf color is colorful, and inflorescence uniqueness is grand, meanwhile, the big multipair environmental requirement of Ornamental Grasses
It is extensive, low cost is managed and protected, resistance, reproductive capacity is strong, and strong adaptability meets the requirement of current construction saving landscape, at present
It is used widely in the gardens of the American-European countries such as the U.S., New Zealand, Australia, and forms more ripe Ornamental Grasses
Industry.At home, landscape of the Ornamental Grasses in gardens and the effect in ecology is gradually known together, and Ornamental Grasses are in gardens
Using also more and more extensive.As demand constantly rises, Ornamental Grasses are doomed have very big development space at home, it is believed that
Ornamental Grasses can turn into the new lover of domestic ornamental plant in the near future.
All there is floristics always in the urban green space in coastal saline-alkali area single, phytobiocoenose is dull, and color is not
Abundant, the green phase is short, the problems such as viewing period concentrates.Collect and introduce new excellent Ornamental Grasses, Fast Evaluation screening adapts to coastal saline-alkali area
The green phase is long, resistance, low power consuming excellent species, the popularization and application paces of Ornamental Grasses can be accelerated, to China's city trees and shrubs
Development it is significant.
General Introduction And Selection needs 2-3, and method provided by the present invention effectively shortens screening time, accelerates Ornamental Grasses
Popularization.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of quick comprehensive Ornamental Grasses in suitable coastal saline-alkali area and draws
Screening technique is planted, the seed selection of coastal saline-alkali area Ornamental Grasses is solved the problems, such as.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of quick comprehensive Ornamental Grasses Introduction And Selection method in suitable coastal saline-alkali area, comprises the following steps：With resistance to
Salt, shade tolerance, drought tolerance, resistance to overhead flooding injury are evaluation index, using grey correlation analysis, Ornamental Grasses are evaluated；
Salt tolerance is tested, and Ornamental Grasses band root is taken out, and cleans root soil, is placed in and is placed with half-value dose Hoagland nutrient solutions
Container in water planting completely, after three days, by nutrient solution change into concentration be respectively 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0%,
1.2% complex salt solution, the concentration be mass concentration, 14d (my god) after record lethal salt concentration；Lethal salt concentration is
0.2%th, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0%, 1.2%, corresponding salt tolerance is respectively low, relatively low, in, it is higher, high, very
Height, opinion rating is 0,1,2,3,4,5；
Drought tolerance is tested, and setting soil moisture content is 25-30%, surveying record leaf water content after 60d, leaf water content
Rate of descent is 100%, 80≤leaf water content rate of descent ＜ 100%, 60≤leaf water content rate of descent ＜ 80%, 40≤blade
Water content rate of descent ＜ 60%, 20≤leaf water content rate of descent ＜ 40%, 0≤leaf water content rate of descent ＜ 20%, institute are right
Answer drought tolerance it is respectively low, relatively low, in, it is higher, high, very high, opinion rating be 0,1,2,3,4,5；
Resistance to overhead flooding injury test, water logging 15d (my god) when determine the withered and yellow rate of blade, withered and yellow rate be 100%, 80≤withered and yellow rate ＜
100%th, 60≤withered and yellow rate ＜ 80%, 40≤withered and yellow rate ＜ 60%, 20≤withered and yellow rate ＜ 40%, 0≤withered and yellow rate ＜ 20%, institute is right
Answer resistance to overhead flooding injury it is respectively low, relatively low, in, it is higher, high, very high, opinion rating be 0,1,2,3,4,5；
Shade tolerance is tested, and will view and admire grass planting in the shade of the rate of sheltering from heat or light 50%, and survival rate, survival rate are recorded after 45d
For 0,0 ＜ survival rate≤20%, 20 ＜ survival rate≤40%, 40 ＜ survival rate≤60%, 60 ＜ survival rate≤80%, 80 ＜ into
Motility rate≤100%, corresponding shade tolerance is respectively low, relatively low, in, it is higher, high, very high, opinion rating is 0,1,2,3,4,5；
By above Resistant index, Ornamental Grasses are carried out with evaluation of resistance (table 1) using Grey Incidence Analysis；
The forward kind of inteerelated order in evaluation of resistance, what is as filtered out adapts to the kind in coastal saline-alkali area.
Further, complex salt solution is NaCl, Na in described salt tolerance experiment2SO4And NaHCO3By 1:1:3 mol ratios are used
Distilled water allotment is obtained.
Further, in described resistance to overhead flooding injury experiment, " water logging " is referred to：Flowerpot is placed in tank, the holding water surface is higher than
Plant roots and stems junction 0.5-1cm, or：Directly by planting in watertight container, water to the water surface higher than plant
Thing rhizome junction 0.5-1cm, supplements the moisture of evaporation at any time.
The Evaluation standard of resistance of table 1
| Opinion rating | Salt tolerance | Drought tolerance | Resistance to overhead flooding injury | Shade tolerance |
| 5 | It is very high | It is very high | It is very high | It is very high |
| 4 | It is high | It is high | It is high | It is high |
| 3 | It is higher | It is higher | It is higher | It is higher |
| 2 | In | In | In | In |
| 1 | It is relatively low | It is relatively low | It is relatively low | It is relatively low |
| 0 | It is low | It is low | It is low | It is low |
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The inventive method evaluation index comprehensively, meets coastal saline-alkali area reality, and evaluation cycle is short, shortens screening week
Phase, the popularization of coastal saline-alkali area Ornamental Grasses kind is conducive to introduce.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, but does not limit protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of quick comprehensive Ornamental Grasses Introduction And Selection method in suitable coastal saline-alkali area, comprises the following steps：With resistance to
Salt, shade tolerance, drought tolerance, resistance to overhead flooding injury are evaluation index, using grey correlation analysis, Ornamental Grasses are evaluated；
Salt tolerance is tested, and Ornamental Grasses band root is taken out, and cleans root soil, is placed in and is placed with half-value dose Hoagland nutrient solutions
Container in water planting completely, after three days, by nutrient solution change into concentration be respectively 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0%,
1.2% complex salt solution, complex salt solution is NaCl, Na2SO4And NaHCO3By 1:1:3 mol ratios are allocated with distilled water and are obtained, institute
Concentration is stated for mass concentration, lethal salt concentration is recorded after 14d；Lethal salt concentration be 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%,
1.0%th, 1.2%, corresponding salt tolerance is respectively low, relatively low, in, it is higher, high, very high, opinion rating is 0,1,2,3,4,5.
Drought tolerance is tested, and setting soil moisture content is 25-30%, surveying record leaf water content after 60d.Leaf water content
Rate of descent is 100%, 80≤leaf water content rate of descent ＜ 100%, 60≤leaf water content rate of descent ＜ 80%, 40≤blade
Water content rate of descent ＜ 60%, 20≤leaf water content rate of descent ＜ 40%, 0≤leaf water content rate of descent ＜ 20%, institute are right
Answer drought tolerance it is respectively low, relatively low, in, it is higher, high, very high, opinion rating be 0,1,2,3,4,5.
Resistance to overhead flooding injury is tested, and (flowerpot is placed in tank, it is higher than plant roots and stems junction 0.5-1cm to keep the water surface) in water logging
Blade withered and yellow rate is determined during 15d, withered and yellow rate is 100%, 80≤withered and yellow rate ＜ 100%, 60≤withered and yellow rate ＜ 80%, 40≤withered and yellow
Rate ＜ 60%, 20≤withered and yellow rate ＜ 40%, 0≤withered and yellow rate ＜ 20%, corresponding resistance to overhead flooding injury is respectively low, relatively low, in, it is higher,
High, very high, opinion rating is 0,1,2,3,4,5.
Shade tolerance is tested, and will view and admire grass planting in the shade of the rate of sheltering from heat or light 50%, and survival rate is recorded after 45d.Survival rate
For 0,0 ＜ survival rate≤20%, 20 ＜ survival rate≤40%, 40 ＜ survival rate≤60%, 60 ＜ survival rate≤80%, 80 ＜ into
Motility rate≤100%, corresponding shade tolerance is respectively low, relatively low, in, it is higher, high, very high, opinion rating is 0,1,2,3,4,5.
By above Resistant index, evaluation of resistance is carried out to Ornamental Grasses using Grey Incidence Analysis；
The forward kind of inteerelated order in evaluation of resistance, what is as filtered out adapts to the kind in coastal saline-alkali area.
Application Example 1
So that TEDA in Tianjin saline land greening research center Co., Ltd introduces screening Ornamental Grasses as an example.
1) views and admires the collection introduction of grass resource
20 kinds of Ornamental Grasses (table 2) are introduced from Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Shanghai and other places.
Table 2 introduces Ornamental Grasses title
| Sequence number | Title | Sequence number | Title |
| 1 | Zebra grass | 11 | Switchgrass |
| 2 | Big oil awns | 12 | Cattail and reed |
| 3 | Reed | 13 | Bromegrass |
| 4 | East Chinese pennisetum | 14 | Arrow plumage awns |
| 5 | Hairgrass | 15 | Esparto grass |
| 6 | Calamagrostis epigejos | 16 | Spire awns |
| 7 | Floral leaf awns | 17 | Bunny Chinese pennisetum |
| 8 | India lovegrass | 18 | Bluestem grass |
| 9 | Chinese pennisetum | 19 | Arundinella hirta (Thunb.) Tanaka |
| 10 | Ling Fengcao | 20 | Herba Pratiae Nummulariae |
2) salt tolerances experiment
It is research object with 20 kinds of Ornamental Grasses, according to the ion characteristic of Binhai New Area in Tianjin soil, by NaCl, Na2SO4With
NaHCO3By 1:1:The ratio distilled water of 3 (mol) prepare mass concentration be 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0%,
1.2% complex salt solution, records lethal salt concentration after 14d；Experimental result is shown in Table 3.
Table 3：20 kinds of Evaluation of Salt Tolerance of Ornamental Grasses
3) drought tolerances experiment
Experiment material is:20 kinds of Ornamental Grasses, choose the consistent plant of growth, set soil moisture content 25-30%, are done
Drought stress, 4 repetitions, in measurement leaf water content (table 4) after 60d.
The Under Drought Stress in Plant leaf water content of table 4
4) resistances to overhead flooding injury experiment
Experiment material is 20 kinds of Ornamental Grasses, chooses the consistent plant of growth, carries out waterlogging stress, during waterflooding 15d, calculates leaf
The withered and yellow rate of piece (table 5).
The withered and yellow rate of blade of Ornamental Grasses under the conditions of the water logging of table 5
| Numbering | Title | The withered and yellow rate % of blade |
| 1 | Zebra grass | 37.50 |
| 2 | Big oil awns | 66.67 |
| 3 | Reed | 13.20 |
| 4 | East Chinese pennisetum | 84.67 |
| 5 | Hairgrass | 100 |
| 6 | Calamagrostis epigejos | 53.33 |
| 7 | Floral leaf awns | 62.50 |
| 8 | India lovegrass | 33.33 |
| 9 | Chinese pennisetum | 9.09 |
| 10 | Ling Fengcao | 100 |
| 11 | Switchgrass | 0.00 |
| 12 | Cattail and reed | 27.20 |
| 13 | Bromegrass | 100 |
| 14 | Arrow plumage awns | 40.00 |
| 15 | Esparto grass | 100 |
| 16 | Spire awns | 28.18 |
| 17 | Bunny Chinese pennisetum | 7.69 |
| 18 | Bluestem grass | 95 |
| 19 | Arundinella hirta (Thunb.) Tanaka | 41.67 |
| 20 | Herba Pratiae Nummulariae | 6.67 |
5) shade tolerancees experiment
Identical tiller is chosen, the consistent plant of growing way is planted in the shade of the rate of sheltering from heat or light 50%, measurement is survived after 45d
Rate (table 6).
The survival rate of Ornamental Grasses under the shading treatment of table 6
6) evaluation of resistance
By above Resistant index, Ornamental Grasses are carried out with evaluation of resistance (table 1,7) using Grey Incidence Analysis.
Salt tolerance is tested, and lethal salt concentration is 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0%, 1.2%, corresponding resistance to
Salt is respectively low, relatively low, in, it is higher, high, very high, opinion rating is 0,1,2,3,4,5.
Drought tolerance is tested, and leaf water content rate of descent is 100%, 80≤leaf water content rate of descent ＜ 100%, 60≤leaf
Piece water content rate of descent ＜ 80%, 40≤leaf water content rate of descent ＜ 60%, 20≤leaf water content rate of descent ＜ 40%, 0
≤ leaf water content rate of descent ＜ 20%, corresponding drought tolerance is respectively low, relatively low, in, it is higher, high, very high, opinion rating is
0、1、2、3、4、5。
Resistance to overhead flooding injury is tested, and withered and yellow rate is 100%, 80≤withered and yellow rate ＜ 100%, 60≤withered and yellow rate ＜ 80%, 40≤withered and yellow
Rate ＜ 60%, 20≤withered and yellow rate ＜ 40%, 0≤withered and yellow rate ＜ 20%, corresponding resistance to overhead flooding injury is respectively low, relatively low, in, it is higher,
High, very high, opinion rating is 0,1,2,3,4,5.
Shade tolerance test, survival rate be 0,0 ＜ survival rate≤20%, 20 ＜ survival rate≤40%, 40 ＜ survival rates≤
60%th, 60 ＜ survival rate≤80%, 80 ＜ survival rate≤100%, corresponding shade tolerance is respectively low, relatively low, in, it is higher, high,
Very high, opinion rating is 0,1,2,3,4,5.
10 kinds of species of strong stress resistance are further filtered out from 20 kinds of Ornamental Grasses kinds, i.e., 10 kind before inteerelated order,
It is Chinese pennisetum, spire awns, big oil awns, Calamagrostis epigejos, floral leaf awns, Herba Pratiae Nummulariae, switchgrass, esparto grass, bunny Chinese pennisetum, sparrow
Wheat.This 10 kinds are the final sight height that can be promoted in coastal saline-alkali area for filtering out and the good kind of adaptability.
The Ornamental Grasses evaluation of resistance of table 7 and its degree of association with preferable kind
| Numbering | Title | Salt tolerance | Drought tolerance | Resistance to overhead flooding injury | Shade tolerance | The degree of association | Inteerelated order |
| 1 | Zebra grass | 1 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 0.50977 | 16 |
| 2 | Big oil awns | 4 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 0.79221 | 3 |
| 3 | Reed | 2 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 0.57343 | 11 |
| 4 | East Chinese pennisetum | 1 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 0.50977 | 15 |
| 5 | Hairgrass | 5 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0.54312 | 12 |
| 6 | Calamagrostis epigejos | 1 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 0.73504 | 4 |
| 7 | Floral leaf awns | 1 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 0.70979 | 5 |
| 8 | India lovegrass | 0 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 0.49695 | 17 |
| 9 | Chinese pennisetum | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 0.88889 | 1 |
| 10 | Ling Fengcao | 2 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0.47475 | 20 |
| 11 | Switchgrass | 3 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 0.70635 | 7 |
| 12 | Cattail and reed | 0 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 0.51443 | 13 |
| 13 | Bromegrass | 5 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 0.58586 | 10 |
| 14 | Arrow plumage awns | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 0.48757 | 19 |
| 15 | Esparto grass | 1 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0.67949 | 8 |
| 16 | Spire awns | 3 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 0.81746 | 2 |
| 17 | Bunny Chinese pennisetum | 1 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 0.62393 | 9 |
| 18 | Bluestem grass | 2 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 0.48757 | 18 |
| 19 | Arundinella hirta (Thunb.) Tanaka | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 0.51282 | 14 |
| 20 | Herba Pratiae Nummulariae | 3 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 0.70635 | 6 |
Evaluation of resistance period be in December, 2013 to 2 months 2014, it is limited in TEDA in Tianjin saline land greening research center
Carried out in the greenhouse of the plants resource database of company.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of quick comprehensive Ornamental Grasses Introduction And Selection method in suitable coastal saline-alkali area, it is characterised in that：Including as follows
Step：With salt tolerance, shade tolerance, drought tolerance, resistance to overhead flooding injury as Resistant index, using grey correlation analysis, Ornamental Grasses are commented
Valency；
Salt tolerance is tested, and Ornamental Grasses band root is taken out, and cleans root soil, is placed in the appearance for being placed with half-value dose Hoagland nutrient solutions
Complete water planting in device, after three days, changes nutrient solution into concentration and is respectively 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0%, 1.2% and answer
Salting liquid, the concentration is mass concentration, 14d（My god）After record lethal salt concentration；Lethal salt concentration be 0.2%, 0.4%,
0.6%th, 0.8%, 1.0%, 1.2%, corresponding salt tolerance is respectively low, relatively low, in, it is higher, high, very high, opinion rating is 0,1,
2、3、4、5；
Drought tolerance is tested, and setting soil moisture content is 25-30%, and surveying record leaf water content after 60d, leaf water content declines
Rate is 100%, 80≤leaf water content rate of descent ＜ 100%, 60≤leaf water content rate of descent ＜ 80%, 40≤leaf water content
Rate of descent ＜ 60%, 20≤leaf water content rate of descent ＜ 40%, 0≤leaf water content rate of descent ＜ 20%, corresponding drought tolerance point
Not Wei it is low, relatively low, in, it is higher, high, very high, opinion rating be 0,1,2,3,4,5；
Resistance to overhead flooding injury is tested, in water logging 15d（My god）When determine the withered and yellow rate of blade, withered and yellow rate be 100%, 80≤withered and yellow rate ＜ 100%, 60
≤ withered and yellow rate ＜ 80%, 40≤withered and yellow rate ＜ 60%, 20≤withered and yellow rate ＜ 40%, 0≤withered and yellow rate ＜ 20%, corresponding resistance to overhead flooding injury difference
For it is low, relatively low, in, it is higher, high, very high, opinion rating be 0,1,2,3,4,5；
Shade tolerance is tested, and will view and admire grass planting in the shade of the rate of sheltering from heat or light 50%, and survival rate is recorded after 45d, and survival rate is 0,0
＜ survival rate≤20%, 20 ＜ survival rate≤40%, 40 ＜ survival rate≤60%, 60 ＜ survival rate≤80%, 80 ＜ survival rates≤
100%, corresponding shade tolerance is respectively low, relatively low, in, it is higher, high, very high, opinion rating is 0,1,2,3,4,5；
By above Resistant index, evaluation of resistance is carried out to Ornamental Grasses using Grey Incidence Analysis；
The forward kind of inteerelated order in evaluation of resistance, what is as filtered out adapts to the kind in coastal saline-alkali area.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In described salt tolerance experiment complex salt solution be NaCl,
Na2SO4And NaHCO3By 1: 1 :3 mol ratios are allocated with distilled water and are obtained.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：In described resistance to overhead flooding injury experiment, " water logging " is referred to：
Flowerpot is placed in tank, it is higher than plant roots and stems junction 0.5-1cm to keep the water surface, or：Directly by planting in not
In the container of leak, water to the water surface higher than plant roots and stems junction 0.5-1cm, the moisture of evaporation is supplemented at any time.
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| CN110089377B (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2021-07-20 | 南京农业大学 | Jerusalem artichoke introduction and saline-alkali resistant cultivation method |
| CN111066591B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2022-02-08 | 北京市农林科学院 | Method for planting energy grass or ornamental grass in coastal saline-alkali soil |
| CN113039988A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-06-29 | 天津泰达盐碱地绿化研究中心有限公司 | Comprehensive evaluation method for adaptability of hydrangea in coastal saline-alkali area |
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