CN104521398A - Method for deep placement of corn mechanical deep loosening fertilizer - Google Patents
Method for deep placement of corn mechanical deep loosening fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104521398A CN104521398A CN201410818921.9A CN201410818921A CN104521398A CN 104521398 A CN104521398 A CN 104521398A CN 201410818921 A CN201410818921 A CN 201410818921A CN 104521398 A CN104521398 A CN 104521398A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural production and provides a method for deep placement of a corn mechanical deep loosening fertilizer, which is used for solving the problems of high use amounts of a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphorus fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, low fertilizer effect, poor absorption of crops, low fertilizer utilization ratio caused by broadcasting which is usually adopted in a conventional fertilization method. A deep loosening and deep placement machine, a corn precise fertilization seeding machine or a precise semi-mechanical dressing seeding machine is used for fertilizing a fertilizer into 15-20cm deep soil, concentrated dressing is performed during the elongation stage of corns, and the dressing depth is 12-15cm below the oil surface. Uniform fertilization is performed in a plain land and an irrigated land before or during seeding in the middle ten days or the last ten days of April. The dressing of a base fertilizer, namely a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, is 40-60kg per mu, and the dressing of urea is 20kg per mu. By adopting the method provided by the invention, the utilization rate of fertilizers during corn production is improved, the development of a root system and the nutrient absorption of the root system are promoted, the loss of the fertilizers is reduced, the ecological environment is protected, the synergic action of saving the cost is significant, the production of each mu of a land is averagely increased by 90kg and the income per each mu of the land is averagely increased by 90 yuan compared with those of a land with conventional tillage and fertilization. 20kg of fertilizers which need consume about 60 yuan are saved. About 150 yuan of increment per mu is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of agricultural production technologies, be specifically related to a kind of method of corn machinery subsoiling fertilizer deep placement.
Background technology
Corn has become the important cereal crops in the world and economic crops.The annual corn aggregate consumption in the whole world started just to remain on more than 600,000,000 tons since 1999, and improving constantly along with global economic development and human demand, present ever-increasing trend.Corn is the first cereal crops of China, and along with the raising of people's living standard, the development of livestock breeding, the application of corn deep processing industry and corn alcohol fuel technology and popularization, the demand of China to corn presents explosion type to be increased.The height of corn yield, the quality of economic benefit directly affect the development of China's grain security and agricultural.
And the fertilizer practice of corn affects the output of corn equally, traditional corn fertilizing method adopts " end three chases after ", and fertilizer is master, chemical fertilizer is that auxiliary fertilizer practice serves important function to corn yield increasing.But the method fertilising needs a large amount of labour, especially complicated landform, be difficult to the Mountain Area of Southwest Maize Region realizing mechanization.When rural laborer's deficiency, replace by using chemical fertilizer, what have even imposes on table soil by chemical fertilizer.Adopting these methods to apply fertilizer not only causes chemical fertilizer utilization ratio low, and corn yield is low, and the economic benefit of agricultural production is low, and brings serious problem of environmental pollution.
Since the output-based contract responsibility system is carried out in reform and opening-up, soil, Spring maize seeding district, North China, northeast peasant ploughs and reduces year by year in the autumn, and result causes current soil tillage pan from 30 cm in past, is reduced to 15 present cm.And the employing of fertilizing method custom is spread fertilizer over the fields i.e. 0.07 hectare 40-70 kilogram chemical fertilizer and is spread on earth's surface prior to seeding, then rotary tillage sowing.Because most of nitrogenous fertilizer all has the character of volatilization loss, particularly ammonium fertilizer and carbonic hydroammonium etc. surface spreads fertilizer over the fields the volatilization loss very easily causing nitrogen, therefore nitrogenous fertilizer use the method should taking deep placement earthing, do not make fertilizer be exposed to earth's surface.Phosphate fertilizer mobility in soil is poor, easily by soil fixing, thus reduces validity, therefore should concentrate deep placement.Potash fertilizer deep placement also can reduce soil fixing to root system of plant, promotes Crop.
Although the research in corn fertilizing existing a large amount of at present, but most research is only emphasized to start fertile (i.e. seed manure) application technique, ignores top dressing technique; Or emphasize top dressing technique, ignore and start fertilizer technology, and the fertile and technology also rare report combining and carry out Regulation in all life process that topdresses will be started, and the low problem of China's plant recovery of nutrient is more and more serious.China's unscientific present situation of applying fertilizer is badly in need of changing, and reach the target of high-yield and high-efficiency, must according to corn growth rule, and grabbing crucially needs fertile period, adopts the fertilizing method of science.
Summary of the invention
The present invention spreads fertilizer over the fields the problems such as the fertilizer amounts such as brought nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are large, fertilizer efficiency is low, crops absorption difference, and utilization rate of fertilizer is low to solve the employing of traditional fertilization method custom, provides a kind of method of corn machinery subsoiling fertilizer deep placement.
The present invention is realized by following technical scheme: a kind of method of corn machinery subsoiling fertilizer deep placement, adopt subsoiling deep fertilizer spraying machine, precision corn amount combined seed and fertilizer drill or essence amount half mechanical fertilizer-applicating sower, being concentrated by fertilizer imposes in earth's surface 15-20 centimetre of dark soil, and concentrate in the corn shooting stage and topdress, the degree of depth of topdressing is the lower 12-15 centimetre of soil table.
Fertilising time be: level land ground, irrigated land mid or late April sowing before or sow time uniform of application.Described base fertilizer imposes on 8-12 centimeters under seed, topdresses and leaves root 10 centimetres, and deep placement in soil table lower 15 centimetres.Described base fertilizer to topdress 40-60 kilogram for imposing nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer every mu, described in topdress as imposing 20 kilograms, every mu, urea.The ratio of described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer active ingredient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is: 25-28:8-10:10-13.
The ratio of preferred nitrogen phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer active ingredient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is: 25:10:12 or 28:10:13 or 26:8:10.
The present invention is according to for many years to observation and the research of Maize Roots rule, find that maximizing performance effect of fertilizer on increasing yield changes fertilizing method exactly, adopt machinery subsoiling method of fertilizing deeply, machinery subsoiling fertilizer deep placement is mainly broken plough bottom and subsoiling 30 centimetres and is concentrated by fertilizer and imposes near plough horizon crop root, impose in earth's surface 15-20 centimetre of dark soil, and concentrate in the corn shooting stage and topdress, the degree of depth of topdressing is the lower 12-15 centimetre of soil table.
The present invention improves utilization rate of fertilizer in Maize Production targetedly, promotes that root system development and root system are to the absorption of nutrient, reduce the loss owing to executing the chemical fertilizer caused on earth's surface, improves the availability of chemical fertilizer.Protect ecotope.
The method of the invention is carried out to the popularization of 4 years, cost-saving synergy is remarkable, and on average every mu of ground is than contrast field and conventional cultivation and fertilization every mu increase yield 90 kilograms, increases income 90 yuan.Save chemical fertilizer 20 kilograms, be about worth 60 yuan.Every mu of volume increase value about 150 yuan.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: a kind of method of corn machinery subsoiling fertilizer deep placement, adopt subsoiling deep fertilizer spraying machine, precision corn amount combined seed and fertilizer drill or essence amount half mechanical fertilizer-applicating sower, by fertilizer concentrate impose in the dark soil in 15 centimetres, earth's surface, and the corn shooting stage concentrate topdress, the degree of depth of topdressing for soil table lower 12 centimetres.
Fertilising time be: level land ground, irrigated land mid or late April sowing before or sow time uniform of application.Described base fertilizer imposes on 8 centimeters under seed, topdresses and leaves root 10 centimetres, and deep placement in soil table lower 15 centimetres.Described base fertilizer topdresses 40 kilograms for imposing nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer every mu, described in topdress as imposing 20 kilograms, every mu, urea.The ratio of described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer active ingredient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is: 25:10:12.
Embodiment 2: a kind of method of corn machinery subsoiling fertilizer deep placement, by fertilizer concentrate impose in the dark soil in 20 centimetres, earth's surface, and the corn shooting stage concentrate topdress, the degree of depth of topdressing for soil table lower 15 centimetres.Base fertilizer imposes on 10 centimeters under seed, and base fertilizer topdresses 60 kilograms for imposing nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer every mu; The ratio of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer active ingredient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is: 28:10:13.All the other methods are with method described in embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3: a kind of method of corn machinery subsoiling fertilizer deep placement, by fertilizer concentrate impose in the dark soil in 18 centimetres, earth's surface, and the corn shooting stage concentrate topdress, the degree of depth of topdressing for soil table lower 14 centimetres.Base fertilizer imposes on 12 centimeters under seed, and base fertilizer topdresses 50 kilograms for imposing nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer every mu; The ratio of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer active ingredient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is: 26:8:10.All the other methods are with method described in embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4: a kind of method of corn machinery subsoiling fertilizer deep placement, the ratio of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer active ingredient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is: 27:9:11, and all the other methods are with method described in embodiment 1.
According to for many years to observation and the research of Maize Roots rule, find that maximizing performance effect of fertilizer on increasing yield changes fertilizing method exactly, adopt machinery subsoiling method of fertilizing deeply, machinery subsoiling fertilizer deep placement is mainly broken plough bottom and subsoiling 30 centimetres and is concentrated by fertilizer and imposes near plough horizon crop root.
Improve utilization rate of fertilizer in Maize Production targetedly, promote that root system development and root system are to the absorption of nutrient, reduce the loss owing to executing the chemical fertilizer caused on earth's surface, improve the availability of chemical fertilizer.Protect ecotope.
Described method is carried out to the popularization of 4 years, cost-saving synergy is remarkable, and on average every mu of ground is than contrast field and conventional cultivation and fertilization every mu increase yield 90 kilograms, increases income 90 yuan.Save chemical fertilizer 20 kilograms, be about worth 60 yuan.Every mu of volume increase value about 150 yuan.
Claims (8)
1. the method for a corn machinery subsoiling fertilizer deep placement, it is characterized in that: adopt subsoiling deep fertilizer spraying machine, precision corn amount combined seed and fertilizer drill or essence amount half mechanical fertilizer-applicating sower, being concentrated by fertilizer imposes in earth's surface 15-20 centimetre of dark soil, and concentrate in the corn shooting stage and topdress, the degree of depth of topdressing is the lower 12-15 centimetre of soil table.
2. the method for a kind of corn machinery subsoiling fertilizer deep placement according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the time of described fertilising is: level land ground, irrigated land mid or late April sowing before or sow time uniform of application.
3. the method for a kind of corn machinery subsoiling fertilizer deep placement according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described base fertilizer imposes on 8-12 centimeters under seed, topdresses and leaves root 10 centimetres, and deep placement in soil table lower 15 centimetres.
4. the method for a kind of corn machinery subsoiling fertilizer deep placement according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described base fertilizer to topdress 40-60 kilogram for imposing nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer every mu, described in topdress as imposing 20 kilograms, every mu, urea.
5. the method for a kind of corn machinery subsoiling fertilizer deep placement according to claim 4, is characterized in that: in described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the ratio of active ingredient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is: 25-28:8-10:10-13.
6. the method for a kind of corn machinery subsoiling fertilizer deep placement according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the ratio of described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer active ingredient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is: 25:10:12.
7. the method for a kind of corn machinery subsoiling fertilizer deep placement according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the ratio of described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer active ingredient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is: 28:10:13.
8. the method for a kind of corn machinery subsoiling fertilizer deep placement according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the ratio of described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer active ingredient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is: 26:8:10.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410818921.9A CN104521398A (en) | 2014-12-25 | 2014-12-25 | Method for deep placement of corn mechanical deep loosening fertilizer |
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| CN201410818921.9A CN104521398A (en) | 2014-12-25 | 2014-12-25 | Method for deep placement of corn mechanical deep loosening fertilizer |
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| CN104521398A true CN104521398A (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102626022A (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2012-08-08 | 蔚延林 | High-yield cultivating method of corns |
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- 2014-12-25 CN CN201410818921.9A patent/CN104521398A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102626022A (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2012-08-08 | 蔚延林 | High-yield cultivating method of corns |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 孙树荣 等: "忻州旱地玉米"3414"试验肥料效应分析", 《山西师范大学学报（自然科学版）》 * |
| 杨计贵: "忻府区玉米创高产存在问题及解决途径", 《中国农业信息》 * |
| 赵一波: "玉米机械化增产技术", 《农村牧区机械化》 * |
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Application publication date: 20150422 |