CN104516255A - Rapid hologram generating method - Google Patents
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- CN104516255A CN104516255A CN201310462412.2A CN201310462412A CN104516255A CN 104516255 A CN104516255 A CN 104516255A CN 201310462412 A CN201310462412 A CN 201310462412A CN 104516255 A CN104516255 A CN 104516255A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid hologram generating method. The rapid hologram generating method is applied to a scene with content objective images, required to be displayed, changing within a certain range. The rapid hologram generating method includes: firstly, extracting an elementary original image according to a original image, converting the elementary original image into an elementary hologram, and invoking the elementary hologram according to one objective image to generate a process hologram by simple operation when display is required; then, generating an objective hologram by splicing, overlaying or combination of splicing and overlaying; finally, restoring the objective image by laser interference and diffraction. The rapid hologram generating method has the advantages that calculated quantity of real-time generation of the hologram can be decreased greatly, calculating speed is increased, system hardware calculating capability requirements are lowered, and the method is high in implementability and has promising market prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for generating holograms, relate to a kind of method of generating hologram fast more specifically.
Background technology
How its storage format of common digital picture all needs to comprise the most basic GTG, the information such as color.Information relevant with GTG with color in digital picture being showed in digital form is exactly the matrix of three three primary colours information in fact, and for 256 GTGs, in its matrix, the scope of unit is between 0 to 255, and each value represents the GTG of a pixel.
Holographic photography also known as " holograph ", the camera technique of information (amplitude, phase place) in a kind of interference record subject reflection (or transmission) light wave utilizing ripple.Holographic photography is that the optical superposition by a branch of reference light and subject reflect produces interference fringe and forms on sensitive film.
In order to the interference condition of satisfied generation light, usually make light source with the laser that coherence is good, and light and irradiating object only from a branch of separation by laser out, become hologram after sensitive film development.Hologram does not directly show the image of object.Incident in the direction close to reference light with beam of laser or monochromatic light, the picture of the original can be observed in suitable angle, this is because laser beam diffraction and reappear the light wave of the original in the interference fringe of hologram.
Calculation holographic technology calculates amplitude, the phase information of image by the mode of computer simulation, the direct generating hologram without the need to film recording.Holographic projection system based on calculation holographic technology utilizes the interference diffraction principle of light, and the energy of illumination light is guided to viewing area, but not adopts as common projection and block unwanted light and carry out imaging, thus has that brightness is high, capacity usage ratio advantages of higher.
Whole original image is normally carried out generating hologram by fast fourier transform by current method for generating holograms, for improving display effect, also need to introduce some iterative algorithms and repeatedly do Fourier transform, (such as conventional Gerchberg Saxton, GS algorithm), calculated amount due to hologram is and the size exporting hologram, the algorithm used and iterations become direct proportionate relationship, need the hologram math matrix of generation larger, calculated amount is larger, such as generate the large hologram of 1000 × 1000, use GS algorithm, iterations is set to 100, then its calculated amount is about 10
9secondary floating-point budget, its operand is comparatively large, is difficult to satisfied real-time effect.
A kind of computing method of multilayer hologram are disclosed in CN 100527018 C, the method is by presetting holographic function, the use of holographic function is selected according to the judgement of which hologram, obtain multilayer hologram, multilayer hologram is that multiple hologram is presented at (hologram) on multiple physical device respectively, be superimposed the physical device of reality (having multiple holograms and multiple physical device in system), and its hologram itself does not have the calculating such as dot product translation superposition, and the method in our patent is splicing superposition after computing between multiple holograms, a hologram is finally only had to be presented on a physical device, this is two kinds of diverse technology.
summary of the invention
1, object of the present invention.
Compare traditional display technique, holography has super brightness, high definition, and light efficiency high energy consumption is low, image is forever without advantages such as bad points.But it is very large that general method for generating holograms generates the hologram operand with good result, and electronic hardware system common at present cannot meet the requirement of display in real time.The present invention carries out needs that are quick or real time hologram conversion, a kind of hologram rapid generation of proposition to solve in existing method for generating holograms cannot meet because calculated amount is excessive.
2, the technical solution adopted in the present invention.
The information content that the present invention is applied in needs display is pre-set, but the position of display can adjust as required, and the content of display is limited in the scene in certain scope.
Hologram rapid generation comprises:
A) according to original graph, extract primitive original graph, generate elementary hologram by hologram algorithm and store in memory;
B) call the elementary hologram in storer, the demand according to its attribute and target image carries out calculating generation objective holographic figure to elementary hologram.
After generating ideal hologram, to output on display chip again by the postradiation interference of laser, after diffraction, reduce to obtain the content of required imaging.
Further: elementary hologram generates two kinds of forms:
(1), the size of elementary hologram is consistent with the size of original graph;
(2), the size of elementary hologram and the size of original graph are inconsistent.
Principle of the present invention is:
Elementary hologram of the present invention can preserve the data message of major part or whole original image, utilize the algorithm of calculation holographic can carry out fundamental operation generating hologram to elementary hologram, translation as a multiply matrix realize target pictorial element rotates, Scalable hologram realize target pictorial element oppositely reduce amplification etc., this method extensibility is very strong, and partial holograms just can reduce major part or whole original images, by generating to after the computing of elementary hologram and process the new hologram comprising whole output content.
3, the present invention is compared with prior art, and its remarkable advantage is:
1) all elementary hologram corresponding to displaying contents (subject image element) that need all precalculate complete.Displaying contents is needed to change generating hologram without the need to re-using during actual displayed.
2) quick holographic drawing generating method of the present invention is adopted, the content shown as required when actual displayed recalls corresponding one or more elementary hologram from elementary hologram storehouse, the new entire hologram corresponding with complete content (all subject image element) is generated after simple computation, thus avoid the computation process of displaying contents conversion generating hologram, greatly reduce calculated amount, save computing time, reduce the hsrdware requirements to generating hologram, reach not only to reduce and realize cost but also the object of generating hologram fast.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram that the middle elementary hologram of hologram rapid generation of the present invention generates.
Fig. 2 calls the process flow diagram that elementary hologram generates entire hologram in hologram rapid generation of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is automobile head-up display.
Fig. 4 is the quick product process figure of superposition hologram.
Fig. 5 is the quick product process figure of splicing hologram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe embodiments of the present invention in detail.
The content shown is needed also to be limited in certain scope in a lot of scene in actual applications, such as, flight supplementary instrument etc. in automobile new line display (HUD) application, aircraft.
Embodiment 1
Hologram rapid generation comprises:
A) according to original graph, extract primitive original graph, generate elementary hologram by hologram algorithm and store in memory;
B) call the elementary hologram in storer, the demand according to its attribute and target image carries out calculating generation objective holographic figure to elementary hologram.
Described elementary hologram is for generate storage in advance, and when applying without the need to again generating, its generation comprises the steps:
Step 1, content are enumerated
Display information involved by the original graph in practical application is carried out content by the most basic unit information and is enumerated, and the combination for some conventional elementary cell information also can as enumerating picture.Such as, false content as shown be all English alphabet, then with basic 24 English alphabets for elementary cell information is enumerated, while some conventional English words also can as enumerating picture.
Step 2, generation primitive original graph
According to described in step 1, often kind enumerate in perhaps its combination is as primitive unit, generate primitive original graph, the size of described primitive original graph does not limit, because hologram gets major part or full detail that namely a part of information comprise original graph, the size of selected image can be selected flexibly;
Step 3, extraction primitive original graph, change elementary hologram by hologram algorithm and store.Generate corresponding operation matrix according to elementary hologram and store.
Convert above-mentioned primitive original graph to elementary hologram by hologram algorithm, the primitive original graph namely comprising fundamental element converts each independent elementary hologram to by Holographic Algorithm in advance and stores, for subsequent calls, and process.
As the primitive original graph of above-mentioned 100 1000 × 1000 converted to the elementary hologram of 100 100 × 100, because elementary hologram is that computing in advance completes, do not need to re-use Holographic Algorithm again when later stage calls to generate, only need to do simple basic algorithm process to elementary hologram, such as displacement, rotation, amplify, reduce, its calculated amount is much smaller compared to directly using target image to generate objective holographic figure by hologram algorithm, is approximately 10
6secondary floating-point operation.
Embodiment 2
A) according to original graph, extract primitive original graph, generate elementary hologram by hologram algorithm and store in memory;
B) call the elementary hologram in storer, the demand according to its attribute and target image carries out calculating generation objective holographic figure to elementary hologram.
Generate objective holographic figure according to elementary hologram, step is as follows:
Step 1, according to display target image selection required for elementary hologram;
Step 2, to the demand determination fundamental operation mode of selected elementary hologram according to the feature of target image (pictorial element), whether the display image namely reduced needs evolution, amplifies, reduces, the computings such as rotation;
Step 3, generate objective holographic figure according to the result of step 2.
Embodiment 3
Hologram rapid generation comprises:
A) according to original graph, extract primitive original graph, generate elementary hologram by hologram algorithm and store in memory;
B) call the elementary hologram in storer, the demand according to its attribute and target image carries out calculating generation objective holographic figure to elementary hologram.
Generate objective holographic figure according to elementary hologram, step is as follows:
Step 1, according to display target image selection required for elementary hologram;
Step 2, to the demand determination fundamental operation mode of selected elementary hologram according to the feature of target image (pictorial element), whether the pictorial element of the display image namely reduced needs to carry out displacement to corresponding elementary hologram, amplifies, reduces, the computings such as rotation;
Step 3, generate objective holographic figure according to the result of step 2.
The position that computing in described step 2 comprises elementary hologram carries out different element in dot product matrix operation (institute's multiply matrix generates storage in advance, plays the effect of displacement target pictorial element) realize target image is moved.In addition, quantum chemical method can be carried out after elementary hologram generates objective holographic figure.
Embodiment 4
On the basis of embodiment 2, intercepting computing is carried out for elementary hologram.
Embodiment 5
Hologram rapid generation comprises: a) according to original graph, extracts primitive original graph, generates elementary hologram and store in memory by hologram algorithm;
B) call the elementary hologram in storer, the demand according to its attribute and target image carries out calculating generation objective holographic figure to elementary hologram.
Described elementary hologram and related operation matrix are for generate storage in advance, and when applying without the need to again generating, its generation comprises the steps:
Step 1, content are enumerated
Display information involved by the original graph in practical application is carried out content by the most basic unit information and is enumerated, and the combination for some conventional elementary cell information also can as enumerating picture.Such as, shown content is all English alphabet, then with basic 24 English alphabets for elementary cell information is enumerated, simultaneously some conventional English words also can as enumerating picture.
Step 2, generation primitive original graph
According to described in step 1, often kind enumerate in perhaps its combination is as primitive unit, generate primitive original graph, the size of described primitive original graph does not limit, because hologram gets major part or full detail that namely a part of information comprise original graph, the size of selected image can be selected flexibly;
Step 3, extraction primitive original graph, generate elementary hologram by hologram algorithm and store, corresponding operation matrix is generated, such as: a resolution is the shift operation matrix of horizontal ordinate displacement 5 pixels of corresponding 1000 x 1000 of elementary hologram of 1000 x 1000 according to elementary hologram.After this matrix of elementary hologram dot product, its pictorial element reduced all can on the basis of original primitive original graph horizontal ordinate translation 5 pixels.
The size of described elementary hologram is consistent with the size of target image content, when synthesis objective holographic figure, each elementary hologram is carried out superposition.
Embodiment 6
Hologram rapid generation comprises:
A) according to original graph, extract primitive original graph, generate elementary hologram by hologram algorithm and store in memory;
B) call the elementary hologram in storer, the demand according to its attribute and target image carries out calculating generation objective holographic figure to elementary hologram.
Described elementary hologram and related operation matrix are for generate storage in advance, and when applying without the need to again generating, its generation comprises the steps:
Step 1, content are enumerated
Display information involved by the original graph in practical application is carried out content by the most basic unit information and is enumerated, and the combination for some conventional elementary cell information also can as enumerating picture.Such as, shown content is all English alphabet, then with basic 24 English alphabets for elementary cell information is enumerated, simultaneously some conventional English words also can as enumerating picture.
Step 2, generation primitive original graph
According to described in step 1, often kind enumerate in perhaps its combination is as primitive unit, generate primitive original graph, the size of described primitive original graph does not limit, because hologram gets major part or full detail that namely a part of information comprise original graph, the size of selected image can be selected flexibly;
Step 3, extraction primitive original graph, generate elementary hologram by hologram algorithm and store.
Described elementary hologram adopts the size of elementary hologram and the size of target image content to be and inconsistent, when synthesizing objective holographic figure, each elementary hologram is carried out split process.
Embodiment 7
On the basis of above embodiment, after objective holographic figure is generated for elementary hologram, carry out quantum chemical method.
Adopt quick holographic drawing generating method of the present invention, from elementary hologram storehouse, corresponding one or more elementary hologram is recalled by the form of splicing, superposing or two kinds of modes combining according to the demand of target image when actual displayed, generate complete object hologram, thus avoid each computation process generating objective holographic figure and all need to carry out hologram conversion, greatly reduce calculated amount, save computing time, reduce the hsrdware requirements to generating hologram, reach not only to reduce and realize cost but also the object of generating hologram fast.
Embodiment 8
For automobile head-up display HUD:
Elementary hologram generation method comprises following steps:
Step 1, content are enumerated
Analyze the concrete condition of the original graph of automobile head-up display, judge that the position of viewing area is fixed, displaying contents is also adjustment change in fixed range, and some content is changeless situation.As shown in Figure 3, according to the needs of practical application display, content to be shown is needed to be divided into several basic message unit, as the viewing area of automobile head-up display is divided into rotating speed graphical display area a according to display; Multi-function display district c; Main digital display area d; Conventional territories, icon display area etc., these basic message unit positions are fixed, and displaying contents is also adjustment change in fixed range, and even some content is changeless, as icon 4 to 11, just identify corresponding state or function with highlighted with extinguishing.
Step 2, generation primitive original graph
For this application scenarios, in namely each viewing area in several viewing area can being enumerated, perhaps its combination, as primitive unit, generates primitive original graph.
Step 3, extraction primitive original graph, convert elementary hologram to by hologram algorithm and store
The above-mentioned primitive original graph through dividing is generated the elementary hologram comprising fundamental element by hologram algorithm.The size of described elementary hologram is consistent with the size of target image content, when synthesis objective holographic figure, each elementary hologram is carried out overlap-add procedure; The picture of fundamental element converts each independent elementary hologram to by Holographic Algorithm in advance and deposits and supply program subsequent calls in memory, process.
The content that will show as numeric display area main in accompanying drawing 3 only has digital 0-9, so only needs to convert the picture of these 10 fundamental elements of 0-9 to each independent elementary hologram by Holographic Algorithm in advance and deposits and supply program subsequent calls in memory, process.
Embodiment 9
For automobile head-up display HUD, elementary hologram generates objective holographic figure, and step is as follows:
Step 1, according to display target image selection required for elementary hologram, determine the elementary hologram needing to call according to target image.
Step 2, to the demand determination fundamental operation mode of selected elementary hologram according to the feature of target image, judge reduce display image whether need evolution, amplify, reduce, rotate etc.
Step 3, carry out the process hologram after fundamental operation, invoked procedure hologram generates objective holographic figure as required.
Realized the evolution of the display image to elementary hologram reduction by simple matrix operation, amplify, reduce, rotate, generate new elementary hologram for next step hologram combination; Above-mentioned individual or multiple elementary holograms through base conditioning are carried out the objective holographic figure of combination producing by the mode of split or superposition, to output on display chip again by the postradiation interference of laser, after diffraction, reduce to obtain the content of required imaging.
Embodiment 10
Another embodiment of automobile head-up display HUD in embodiment 1, the size of wherein said elementary hologram is consistent with the original image of its correspondence size in whole image, when synthesis objective holographic figure, each elementary hologram is carried out overlap-add procedure.
Embodiment 11
Hologram can generate new hologram by the position adjustment matrix of a dot product identical dimensional, and the picture material of this hologram after reduction is consistent with original hologram content, but can realize the movement of location of content.
As shown in Figure 4, suppose that the content of required display in certain application scenario is one 400 × 100 picture differentiated, content is 4 alphabetical ABCD, position is from left to right 1,2,3,4, wherein position is fixing, but each position needs the letter of display also just at A, B, C, select in D, for this application, the method for concrete generating hologram is as follows:
The first step: generate four primitive original graph, its content is as follows respectively:
These four primitive original graph are often opened and are only had a letter, and position is all be fixed on display position 1.
Second step: forward above-mentioned primitive original graph to elementary hologram by holography conversion algorithm
Extract primitive original graph, generate elementary hologram A, B, C, D by hologram algorithm, its size (or matrix size) is consistent with original picture size; Generate shift operations matrix, each matrix comprises the point of 400 × 100.Transverse axis translation 100 pixels of all elements in the original graph that can make its correspondence after matrix 1 dot product elementary hologram.Transverse axis translation 200 pixels of all elements in the original graph that can make its correspondence after matrix 2 dot product elementary hologram.Transverse axis translation 200 pixels of all elements in the original graph that can make its correspondence after matrix 3 dot product elementary hologram.Wherein matrix 2 can be obtained by matrix 1 multiply matrix 1, and matrix 3 can be obtained by matrix 2 multiply matrixs 1.
3rd step: for the content needing display, call different elementary holograms respectively and carry out corresponding computing, realize evolution, amplify, reduce, the content shown such as is needed to be BDCA, as seen from Figure 3, the content needing display is still four letters, but changing has been sent out in the position of each letter, letter A position is 4, therefore position is 4 after needing to carry out shift right operation to elementary hologram A, so the elementary hologram of A need put multiply matrix 3, the position of B and the position consistency of elementary hologram, be still 1, so do not need to do shift operation, the position of C needs to be transformed into position 3 from the position 1 of elementary hologram, so the elementary hologram of C need put multiply matrix 2, the position of D needs to be transformed into position 2 from the position 1 of elementary hologram, so the elementary hologram of D need put multiply matrix 1, four displaying contents are regenerated at needs position process hologram like this by evolution computing.
4th step: the 3rd step is carried out superposition through computing generative process hologram, generates objective holographic figure, then reduces the target image BDCA of whole ABCD tetra-alphabetical content.
The hologram of all process holograms of relating to and target generates after generating and all carrying out simple calculations process to elementary hologram in above process, major calculations amount is wherein some dot products to hologram matrix, be added, its operand will reduce greatly relative to regenerating a hologram, and speed also improves greatly.
Embodiment 12
As shown in Figure 5, suppose that the content of required display in certain application scenario is one 400 × 100 picture differentiated, content is 4 alphabetical ABCD, position is from left to right 1,2,3,4, wherein position is fixing, but each position needs the letter of display also just at A, B, C, select in D, for this application, the method for concrete generating hologram is as follows:
The first step: generate four primitive original graph, its content is as follows respectively:
These four primitive original images are often opened respectively and are only had a letter.
Second step: above-mentioned primitive original graph is transformed into elementary hologram by holography conversion algorithm, these four elementary holograms are of a size of 100 × 100, i.e. 1/4 size of the size of original hologram, due to the characteristic of of hologram itself, these four elementary holograms remain the most information of original graph substantially, except the information of some high frequencies is lost.Generate shift operations matrix, each matrix comprises 100 x, 100 points.Transverse axis translation 100 pixels of all elements in the original graph that can make its correspondence after matrix 1 dot product elementary hologram.Transverse axis translation 200 pixels of all elements in the original graph that can make its correspondence after matrix 2 dot product elementary hologram.Transverse axis translation 200 pixels of all elements in the original graph that can make its correspondence after matrix 3 dot product elementary hologram.Wherein matrix 2 can be obtained by matrix 1 multiply matrix 1, and matrix 3 can be obtained by matrix 2 multiply matrixs 1.
3rd step: the content needing display for realtime graphic, call different elementary holograms respectively and carry out corresponding computing, realize evolution, amplify, reduce, the content shown such as is needed to be BDCA, as seen from Figure 5, the content needing display is still four letters, but changing has been sent out in the position of each letter, letter A position is 4, therefore position is 4 after needing to carry out shift right operation to elementary hologram A, so the elementary hologram of A need put multiply matrix 3, the position of B and the position consistency of elementary hologram, be still 1, so do not need to do shift operation, the position of C needs to be transformed into position 3 from the position 1 of elementary hologram, so the elementary hologram of C need put multiply matrix 2, the position of D needs to be transformed into position 2 from the position 1 of elementary hologram, so the elementary hologram of D need put multiply matrix 1, regenerate four displaying contents by evolution computing like this and need the process hologram of position.
4th step: take the mode of splicing, process hologram by four 100 × 100 sizes is spliced into the objective holographic figure being of a size of 100 × 400, contain most information of original image content in this objective holographic figure, by reduction can the overwhelming majority restore target image content information.
In real-time video processing procedure, because the content in video is real-time change, there is larger difference in the content comprised between frame and frame, just needs to utilize this transfer algorithm that image is carried out real-time conversion in units of frame.But in the occasion that some non-real-time video are applied, if the content of required display sets before being, just the interior perhaps position of each display is slightly done to change, all real-time Holographic Algorithm conversion is carried out again to all picture materials with regard to not needing so at every turn, only need to convert the image set to hologram in advance, call different elementary holograms when needs display as required and carry out simple calculations again by splicing, superposition or the combination of the two just can generate the objective holographic figure that can realize full content reduction, again by the interference of laser, diffraction restores target image, greatly can reduce the calculated amount of real-time generating hologram by this method, improve computing velocity, the hardware computing power requirement of reduction system.
To sum up, the present invention, compared with present hologram generation technique, greatly can reduce the operand of generating hologram, provide the arithmetic speed of system, reduces the computational resource cost of system.Above-described embodiment does not limit the present invention in any way, and the technical scheme that the mode that every employing is equal to replacement or equivalent transformation obtains all drops in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a hologram rapid generation, is characterized in that comprising:
A) according to original graph, extract primitive original graph, generate elementary hologram by hologram algorithm and store in memory;
B) call the elementary hologram in storer, the demand according to its attribute and target image carries out calculating generation objective holographic figure to elementary hologram.
2. hologram rapid generation according to claim 1, is characterized in that described elementary hologram generates and comprises the steps:
Step 1, content are enumerated
Display information involved by the original graph in practical application is carried out content by basic unit information or elementary cell combination and is enumerated;
Step 2, generation primitive original graph
According to described in step 1, often kind enumerate in perhaps its combination as primitive unit, generate primitive original graph;
Step 3, extraction primitive original graph, convert elementary hologram to by hologram algorithm and store, generate corresponding operation matrix and store according to elementary hologram;
Convert above-mentioned primitive original graph to elementary hologram by hologram algorithm, the primitive original graph namely comprising fundamental element converts each independent elementary hologram to by Holographic Algorithm in advance and stores, for subsequent calls, and process.
3. hologram rapid generation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that generating objective holographic figure according to elementary hologram, step is as follows:
Step 1, according to display target image selection required for elementary hologram;
Step 2, to the feature requirement choice for use fundamental operation of selected elementary hologram according to target image;
Step 3, carry out computing, the result according to step 2 generates objective holographic figure.
4. hologram rapid generation according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the position that the elementary hologram in described step 3 carries out different element in point multiplication operation realize target image is moved.
5. hologram rapid generation according to claim 3, is characterized in that: carry out intercepting computing to elementary hologram.
6. hologram rapid generation according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: elementary hologram is carried out superposition and generate objective holographic figure.
7. hologram rapid generation according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described objective holographic figure is generated by the process hologram split process after elementary hologram or computing.
8., based on an arbitrary described rapid generation for claim 1 or 3, quantum chemical method is carried out for elementary hologram, objective holographic figure.
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| CN110022452A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-07-16 | 深圳市芯动电子科技有限公司 | A kind of video pumping frame method and system suitable for holographic display |
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| CN110022452A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-07-16 | 深圳市芯动电子科技有限公司 | A kind of video pumping frame method and system suitable for holographic display |
| CN110022452B (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2021-04-30 | 深圳市芯动电子科技有限公司 | Video frame extraction method and system suitable for holographic display device |
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