CN104513704B - A kind of extracting method of no fishy smell DHA grease - Google Patents
A kind of extracting method of no fishy smell DHA grease Download PDFInfo
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- CN104513704B CN104513704B CN201410752678.5A CN201410752678A CN104513704B CN 104513704 B CN104513704 B CN 104513704B CN 201410752678 A CN201410752678 A CN 201410752678A CN 104513704 B CN104513704 B CN 104513704B
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- zymotic fluid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/025—Pretreatment by enzymes or microorganisms, living or dead
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of extracting method of no fishy smell DHA grease, comprise the following steps：（One）, fermentation：Schizochytrium limacinum fermentation containing DHA is obtained into zymotic fluid；（Two）, zymotic fluid water removal：Zymotic fluid is subjected to natural subsidence, part water in zymotic fluid is removed, takes sedimentation concentration liquid；（Three）, washing：Using ceramic membrane circulating filtration concentrate and wash；（Four）, using high pressure homogenizer cell membrane is crushed；（Five）, dewater treatment is carried out to concentrate of the cell membrane after broken；（Six）, the concentrate after dewater treatment is dissolved in n-hexane solvent or 95% alcohol solvent extracted, precipitation obtains DHA grease.The taste smell of the invention for greatly improving DHA grease, reduces broken time, also improves extraction efficiency and extracts the production capacity of workshop section, and does not have the generation of emulsion substantially, has greatly saved production cost, has improved production efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Study on extraction field of microbial grease, and in particular to a kind of no fishy smell DHA grease carries
Take method.
Background technology
DHA is commonly called as " docosapentaenoic acid ", and Chinese is referred to as docosahexaenoic acid, and chemical name is 22 carbon -4,7, and 10,
13,16,19- acids（All-cis formula）, it is abbreviated as C22:6 (ω -3), belong to ω -3（n-3）Serial long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid,
It is a kind of to the very important polyunsaturated fatty acid of human body.
First, DHA is one of main constituents of human brain, is mainly existed in phospholipid form, accounts for brain cell
30% or so of aliphatic acid.In fetal period, DHA must obtain from parent, and women is in period of gestation, if DHA intakes are not
Foot, can cause the brain cell growth and development of fetus abnormal, and serious meeting produces retarded.In infant period, brain is in
Growth and development stage, research show that the baby enriched in diet containing DHA, thinking is quicker than in general baby, language energy
Power and learning ability are also stronger than in general baby, suffer from the nervous system disease（Such as neurosis）Probability it is also much lower.Green grass or young crops is few
Year student, because learning tasks are heavy, the DHA that take in can strengthen memory, improve notice etc. more.For adult, DHA
And the essential material of physiological function, particularly brain worker and the elderly are maintained, if DHA insufficiency of intakes,
Cerebral function can reduce, it may appear that absent minded, feel depressed and the situation such as efficiency is low, more serious may result in
Senile dementia.
Secondly, DHA has anticoagulation, suppresses platelet aggregation and thrombotic effect, so as to prevent myocardium stalk
The generation of the angiocardiopathies such as plug.
3rd, the DHA rich content in the retina of people, it is the important composition composition of retinal tissue.It is demonstrated experimentally that
A certain amount of DHA is added in food, contributes to the development of baby's eyes, baby's visual development and function maturation also earlier,
And they are more quick-eyed than common children；Long-term lacking DHA, eyesight can reduce, and this can promote to regard god mainly due to DHA
Extend through film, maintain vision normal function.
Finally, DHA plays the role of to suppress cancer, can substantially suppress the generation, growth and transfer of tumour.Research shows, section
Scholar makes DHA be transferred to from nervous system in medulloblastoma, after DHA is metabolized in the cell, then to the by-product in cell
Thing is analyzed.Subsequent scientist have studied the influence of DHA and its derivative to growth of cancer cells.Result of study shows that DHA is killed
All cancer cells in the dust, and toxicity can more effectively kill cancer cell in itself than DHA as caused by DHA derivatives.This table
Bright, DHA can turn into a kind of new treatment neuroblastoma or the novel drugs of other cancers.
It is most using Production by Enzymes in current DHA grease production technology both domestic and external, i.e., make using biological means
After somatic cells wall in zymotic fluid crushes, intracellular oil extraction is come out with organic solvent.Obtained by this way
Oil yield is higher, and still, also of a relatively high for equipment requirement, zymotic fluid concentrates through disk plate centrifuge, can lose a part
Frustule, and substantial amounts of water can be added into concentrate in enzymolysis process, then need using the very big extractor of respective volume
With substantial amounts of organic solvent；Meanwhile in enzyme process extraction, due to containing substantial amounts of water, some colloidal substances and albumen in zymotic fluid
When matter etc. stirs in the presence of an organic, it is easy to cause the emulsification of whole system, once emulsification occurs, to make grease-contained
Organic layer is separated with water layer, just must be added to substantial amounts of ethanol demulsification, or adds substantial amounts of salt demulsification, and demulsification is usually spent
Take the plenty of time, so not only increase controls difficulty, also greatly increases production cost, reduces production efficiency, it is difficult to realize continuous
Metaplasia is produced；In addition, common enzymolysis time is 8h, enzymolysis time is long to bring acid smell to DHA grease, and this taste is enzyme
Itself is subsidiary, while can also DHA grease is darkened, and difficulty is brought to follow-up oil and fat refining, especially in summer.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve, existing DHA grease extracting method loss late is big, time-consuming, power consumption greatly, and is extracted
Grease fishy smell weight the problems such as, and provide a kind of new DHA grease extraction process.
To achieve these goals, the extracting method of no fishy smell DHA grease provided by the invention, comprises the following steps：
（One）, fermentation：Schizochytrium limacinum containing DHA is fermented, obtains zymotic fluid；
（Two）, zymotic fluid water removal：By step（One）Obtained zymotic fluid stands 1-2h and carries out natural subsidence, removes fermentation
35-45% water in liquid, takes sedimentation concentration liquid；
（Three）, washing：Using ceramic membrane circulating filtration concentrate, concentrate is washed with water；
（Four）, cell membrane crushes：Cell membrane is crushed using high pressure homogenizer；
（Five）, dehydration：Using the method for ethanol dehydration or spray drying dehydration, concentrate of the cell membrane after broken is carried out
Dewater treatment；
（Six）, oil extraction：Concentrate after dewater treatment is dissolved in n-hexane solvent or 95% alcohol solvent
Row extraction, precipitation obtain DHA grease.
Preferably, the step（Three）In, a diameter of 0.1-1um of ceramic membrane；Washing water temperature used is 25-30 DEG C,
Washing time is 30min, wash that water consumption used is concentrate 2-3 times.Influence of the water temperature to the step, main performance
On fermentation broth viscosity and filtering velocity, water temperature is controlled at 25-30 DEG C, and fermentation broth viscosity is relatively low, and filtering velocity is fast.
Preferably, the ceramic membrane includes first order filter membrane and second level filter membrane, the first order filter membrane it is straight
Footpath is 0.5-1um；A diameter of 0.1-0.5um of the second level filter membrane；First order membrane filtration removes impurity in zymotic fluid
Afterwards, into second level membrane filtration.Found by experimental study when zymotic fluid is after the washing of first ceramic membrane circulating filtration, some
Big molecular impurity and waste water remove substantially, now through second ceramic membrane when, filtering velocity can accelerate, and make cell content material more effective
Transmission, and the frustule cell membrane of microscopy 90% because osmotic pressure reason rupture.
Preferably, the step（Four）In, the pressure of high pressure homogenizer is 10-40MPa, and homogenization cycles are 1-3 times.Can
To adjust homogenization pressure and homogenization cycles according to the concrete condition of cell wall rupture.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
（1）The present invention first passes through zymotic fluid natural subsidence, then washes concentrate using ceramic membrane circulating filtration, and technique is set
Meter is reasonable, and reaction condition is easy to get, and loss cell rate is substantially zeroed, while also reduces extraction tank volume, it is easy to accomplish industrialization.
（2）The gas flavour of the invention for greatly improving DHA grease, some in cell are removed using the washing of ceramic membrane circulating filtration
Water miscible fishy smell material, micromolecular polysaccharide and impurity, solves the problems such as deep DHA grease color, fishy smell weight.
（3）Present invention selection is high-pressure homogeneous to be replaced digesting broken wall, obtained DHA grease lighter color, and no enzymolysis process is brought into
Acid smell, and it is time-consuming it is short, power consumption is low, has greatly saved production cost, improve production efficiency.
The inventive method utilizes the washing of ceramic membrane circulating filtration, high pressure homogenizer broken wall, the very big taste gas for improving DHA grease
Taste, reduce broken time.In addition, ceramic membrane circulating filtration eliminates substantial amounts of waste water, reduce fermentating liquid volume, subtract significantly
The usage amount of rare solvent, while reduce extraction tank volume, also improve extraction efficiency and extract the production capacity of workshop section, and base
This does not have the generation of emulsion, has greatly saved production cost, improves production efficiency.
Embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described embodiment
Only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the common skill in this area
The every other embodiment that art personnel are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belong to the model that the present invention protects
Enclose.
The instrument and equipment that each embodiment uses is conventional equipment purchased in market, and reagent used in each embodiment is purchased in market normal
Advise reagent.
Embodiment 1：
Extracting method without fishy smell DHA grease, comprises the following steps：
（One）, fermentation：Schizochytrium limacinum containing DHA is fermented, obtains zymotic fluid；
（Two）, zymotic fluid water removal：By step（One）Obtained zymotic fluid stands 2h and carries out natural subsidence, removes in zymotic fluid
43% water, take sedimentation concentration liquid；
（Three）, washing：Using ceramic membrane circulating filtration concentrate, ceramic membrane includes first order filter membrane and the second level is filtered
Film, a diameter of 1um of first order filter membrane；A diameter of 0.5um of the second level filter membrane；First order membrane filtration removes fermentation
In liquid after impurity, into second level membrane filtration, concentrate is washed with water, it is 30 DEG C to wash water temperature used, and washing time is
30min, wash that water consumption used is concentrate 3 times.
（Four）, cell membrane crushes：Cell membrane is crushed using high pressure homogenizer, the pressure of high pressure homogenizer is
10MPa, homogenization cycles are 3 times；
（Five）, dehydration：Using the method for ethanol dehydration or spray drying dehydration, concentrate of the cell membrane after broken is carried out
Dewater treatment；
（Six）, oil extraction：Concentrate after dewater treatment is dissolved in 95% alcohol solvent extracted, precipitation obtains
Without fishy smell DHA grease.
Embodiment 2：
Extracting method without fishy smell DHA grease, comprises the following steps：
（One）, fermentation：Schizochytrium limacinum containing DHA is fermented, obtains zymotic fluid；
（Two）, zymotic fluid water removal：By step（One）Obtained zymotic fluid stands 1.5h and carries out natural subsidence, removes zymotic fluid
In 40% water, take sedimentation concentration liquid；
（Three）, washing：Using ceramic membrane circulating filtration concentrate, ceramic membrane includes first order filter membrane and the second level is filtered
Film, a diameter of 0.8um of first order filter membrane；A diameter of 0.2um of the second level filter membrane；First order membrane filtration removes hair
In zymotic fluid after impurity, into second level membrane filtration, concentrate is washed with water, it is 25 DEG C to wash water temperature used, and washing time is
30min, wash that water consumption used is concentrate 2 times.
（Four）, cell membrane crushes：Cell membrane is crushed using high pressure homogenizer, the pressure of high pressure homogenizer is
40MPa, homogenization cycles are 1 time；
（Five）, dehydration：Using the method for ethanol dehydration or spray drying dehydration, concentrate of the cell membrane after broken is carried out
Dewater treatment；
（Six）, oil extraction：Concentrate after dewater treatment is dissolved in n-hexane solvent extracted, precipitation without raw meat
Taste DHA grease.
Embodiment 3：
Extracting method without fishy smell DHA grease, comprises the following steps：
（One）, fermentation：Schizochytrium limacinum containing DHA is fermented, obtains zymotic fluid；
（Two）, zymotic fluid water removal：By step（One）Obtained zymotic fluid stands 1h and carries out natural subsidence, removes in zymotic fluid
35% water, take sedimentation concentration liquid；
（Three）, washing：Using ceramic membrane circulating filtration concentrate, ceramic membrane includes first order filter membrane and the second level is filtered
Film, a diameter of 0.5um of first order filter membrane；A diameter of 0.1um of the second level filter membrane；First order membrane filtration removes hair
In zymotic fluid after impurity, into second level membrane filtration, concentrate is washed with water, it is 28 DEG C to wash water temperature used, and washing time is
30min, wash that water consumption used is concentrate 2 times.
（Four）, cell membrane crushes：Cell membrane is crushed using high pressure homogenizer, the pressure of high pressure homogenizer is
20MPa, homogenization cycles are 3 times；
（Five）, dehydration：Using the method for ethanol dehydration or spray drying dehydration, concentrate of the cell membrane after broken is carried out
Dewater treatment；
（Six）, oil extraction：Concentrate after dewater treatment is dissolved in n-hexane solvent extracted, precipitation without raw meat
Taste DHA grease.
Embodiment 4：
Extracting method without fishy smell DHA grease, comprises the following steps：
（One）, fermentation：Schizochytrium limacinum containing DHA is fermented, obtains zymotic fluid；
（Two）, zymotic fluid water removal：By step（One）Obtained 120kg zymotic fluids natural subsidence 1h, 40% water is removed, is obtained
Sedimentation concentration liquid 70kg；
（Three）, ceramic membrane circulating filtration washing：First order filter membrane and a diameter of 0. 6 um using a diameter of 0.1um
Second level filter membrane circulating filtration washing concentrate, water temperature is 25 DEG C, and total amount of water is 140kg, the color and luster of filtrate, salty raw meat
Taste, electrical conductivity are gradually successively decreased with filtering washing time, washing time 30min, and now filtrate electrical conductivity approaches with pure water, stops
Only filter, finally obtain concentrated cleaning solution about 30Kg；
（Four）, high-pressure homogeneous cell membrane crushes：Cell membrane is crushed using high pressure homogenizer, the pressure of high pressure homogenizer
Power is 20MPa, and homogenization cycles are 3 times；
（Five）, dehydration：Concentrated cleaning solution spray drying after homogeneous is removed into remaining moisture, spray tower EAT is
150-170 DEG C, leaving air temp is 60-90 DEG C；
（Six）, oil extraction：Concentrate after dewater treatment is dissolved in n-hexane solvent extracted, precipitation without raw meat
Taste DHA grease.
Embodiment 1-4DHA oil extraction situations are shown in Table 1.
Table 1DHA oil extraction situations
DHA grease recovery rate height produced by the present invention, lighter color are shown, without fishy smell by table 1.
Embodiment described above is several preferable schemes of the present invention, not the present invention is made any formal
Limitation, also have on the premise of without departing from the technical scheme described in claim it is other change, although this specification according to
Embodiment is described, but not each embodiment only includes an independent technical scheme, this narration of specification
Mode is only that the skilled in the art should refer to the specification as a whole, the technology in each embodiment for clarity
Scheme may also be suitably combined to form that other embodiments which can be understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of extracting method of no fishy smell DHA grease, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1), ferment：Schizochytrium limacinum containing DHA is fermented, obtains zymotic fluid；
(2), zymotic fluid removes water：Zymotic fluid made from step (1) is stood into 1-2h and carries out natural subsidence, is removed in zymotic fluid
35-45% water, take sedimentation concentration liquid；
(3), wash：It will be concentrated using a diameter of 0.1-1 μm of ceramic membrane circulating filtration concentrate, then with 25-30 DEG C of water
Liquid washs 30min, and the water of water used is 2-3 times of concentrate；The ceramic membrane includes first order filter membrane and second level mistake
Filter membrane, a diameter of 0.5-1 μm of the first order filter membrane；A diameter of 0.1-0.5 μm of the second level filter membrane；First
Level membrane filtration is removed in zymotic fluid after impurity, into second level membrane filtration；
(4), cell membrane crushes：Cell membrane is crushed using high pressure homogenizer；
(5), it is dehydrated：Using the method for ethanol dehydration or spray drying dehydration, concentrate of the cell membrane after broken is dehydrated
Processing；
(6), oil extraction：Concentrate after dewater treatment is dissolved in n-hexane solvent or 95% alcohol solvent and carried out
Extraction, precipitation obtain DHA grease.
2. the extracting method of no fishy smell DHA grease according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is high in the step (4)
The pressure of pressure homogenizer is 10-40MPa, and homogenization cycles are 1-3 times.
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| CN201410752678.5A CN104513704B (en) | 2014-12-11 | 2014-12-11 | A kind of extracting method of no fishy smell DHA grease |
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| CN201410752678.5A CN104513704B (en) | 2014-12-11 | 2014-12-11 | A kind of extracting method of no fishy smell DHA grease |
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| CN106398857B (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2020-02-14 | 广东省生物工程研究所（广州甘蔗糖业研究所） | Method for extracting schizochytrium limacinum grease and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP1178118A1 (en) * | 2000-08-02 | 2002-02-06 | Dsm N.V. | Isolation of microbial oils |
| CN101323865B (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2012-07-18 | 山东省科学院能源研究所 | Separation and extraction method of microbial oil |
| CN101519676B (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2011-09-14 | 湖北福星生物科技有限公司 | Method for producing docosahexenoic acid by fermenting schizochytrium |
| US8986977B2 (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2015-03-24 | Alliance For Sustainable Energy, Llc | Disruption of cell walls for enhanced lipid recovery |
| CN102965182B (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2014-03-12 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Method for extracting grease from schizochytrium |
| CN103468399B (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2015-03-11 | 北京化工大学 | Method for extracting microbial oil |
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