CN104500725B - Bidirectional inserting and engaging type gear shifting device - Google Patents

Bidirectional inserting and engaging type gear shifting device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104500725B
CN104500725B CN201410811413.8A CN201410811413A CN104500725B CN 104500725 B CN104500725 B CN 104500725B CN 201410811413 A CN201410811413 A CN 201410811413A CN 104500725 B CN104500725 B CN 104500725B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
junction surface
fairlead
rotary shaft
slot
clutch collar
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Active
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CN201410811413.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN104500725A (en
Inventor
方煜宏
张农
王立夫
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Changzhou wisdom Auto Parts Technology Co., Ltd.
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Changzhou Wisdom Auto Parts Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201410811413.8A priority Critical patent/CN104500725B/en
Publication of CN104500725A publication Critical patent/CN104500725A/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H61/00Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/04Smoothing ratio shift
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H59/00Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H59/02Selector apparatus
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H63/00Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30Constructional features of the final output mechanisms

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of vehicle engineering, and in particular relates to a bidirectional inserting and engaging type gear shifting device which is arranged on a rotating shaft with a gear. The device comprises a jointing part, a guide sleeve, a jointing sleeve, and a flexible buffering connecting unit for transmitting circumferential power between the jointing part and the guide sleeve; the jointing part is equipped with an inserting slot; the jointing sleeve is equipped with inserting teeth; the guide sleeve comprises a guide block, a guide hole and two guide inclination surfaces; the two guide inclination surfaces are arranged on the guide block and formed by inclining from the middle part to two sides; the guide hole is formed corresponding to the inserting slot; when the flexible buffering connecting unit is in a natural extending state, the inserting slot and the corresponding inserting teeth are separated through the guide block. According to the bidirectional inserting and engaging type gear shifting device, a hydraulic control system is saved, so that the weight is light, the reaction is fast, the impact interference in gear shifting is reduced, and moreover, the number of engaging teeth can be decreased, and the structure is simplified; in addition, the mechanical semi-automatic gear shifting engaging can be achieved under a positive or negative relative speed state.

Description

A kind of two-way insertion biting connecions gearshift
Technical field
The application is related to Vehicle Engineering, more particularly, to a kind of two-way insertion biting connecions gearshift.
Background technology
Change speed gear box expands torque and the rotation speed change scope of power source by changing gear ratio, at different operating conditions So that power source is worked under high-power operating mode, and in the case that power source direction of rotation is constant, so that equipment is reversed and run, and And select to interrupt the transmission of power by neutral gear in the case of power source is unbroken.
In correlation technique, gearshift widely uses lock unit to realize shifting gears.The synchronization of lock unit is based on tooth The frictional force in conical friction face between circle and synchronous ring.In order to reach sufficiently large frictional force, gearshift is typically provided with hydraulic pressure Control system.Which adds gearshift and control complexity, so that axle and gear is reached synchronous time-consuming Longer have segment discontinuous so that changing when medium velocity, and the speed difference energy in shift process is dissipated with form of thermal energy.Right Damping of shocks when gearshift, people often consider to take mitigation strategy after an impact, therefore this impact energy just becomes The interfering energy of whole system.
Content of the invention
This application provides a kind of two-way insertion biting connecions gearshift, speed segment during conventional gearshift can be overcome not Continuously, simplify complicated hydraulic control system and rationally utilize speed difference energy.
Two-way insertion biting connecions gearshift provided herein, this device is used for being arranged on the cogged rotary shaft of tool On, described gear is set in described rotary shaft and can rotate relative to described rotary shaft, including:It is set in described rotary shaft And wherein junction surface that one end is fixedly connected with described gear, be set in described rotary shaft and be located at the another of described junction surface The fairlead at end, it is located at described fairlead away from the one end at described junction surface and being capable of axially opposing mobile week with described rotary shaft It is connected list to the clutch collar of synchronous axial system, for transmitting the flexible buffer of circumferential power between described junction surface and described fairlead Unit,
Described junction surface towards described clutch collar one end circumferentially arranged with slot, described clutch collar is towards described junction surface One end circumferentially correspond to described slot and be provided with gear shaping,
Described fairlead includes:Between multiple guide pads of circumferentially arranging, two neighboring described guide pad for described Pilot hole that gear shaping passes through, by described guide pad, the middle part of the side towards described clutch collar is circumferentially located towards described junction surface Direction tilts two formed guiding surfaces, and described pilot hole is correspondingly arranged with described slot,
When described flexible buffer connection unit is in nature elongation state, logical between described slot and corresponding described gear shaping Cross described guide pad to intercept.
Preferably, the end of described gear shaping is provided with and circumferentially tilts to be formed towards described clutch collar place direction by middle part Two gear shaping inclined-planes.
Preferably, it is internal and bottom angled that two side walls that described slot is circumferentially arranged are all provided with oriented described slot Slot inclined-plane.
Preferably, described flexible buffer connection unit is circumferentially disposed along described rotary shaft, and its two ends respectively with described Fairlead and described junction surface connect.
Preferably, described flexible buffer connection unit is spring or hydraulic pressure.
Preferably, described junction surface is formed circumferentially towards between one end of described clutch collar and described fairlead Confined space, described junction surface and described fairlead are provided with forced section respectively in described confined space, described flexible buffer The two ends of connection unit are connected with one of described forced section respectively.
Preferably, described confined space by described junction surface towards described clutch collar one end circumferentially arranged with closed at both ends Bar shaped chamber and described fairlead cover partly jointly the surrounding of described bar shaped chamber.
Preferably, along the radial direction at described junction surface, described confined space is arranged on the inner side of described slot.
Preferably, described junction surface and described fairlead are two, and are symmetrically arranged at described clutch collar Two ends, each described junction surface is all connected with a described gear, and the diameter of two described gears is different.
Preferably, described junction surface is connected with described rotary shaft by splined hub.
The technical scheme that the application provides can include following beneficial effect:
Two-way insertion biting connecions gearshift provided herein does not need hydraulic control system, and weight is little, reaction speed Degree is fast, and shift shock interference is little to simplify structure moreover it is possible to reduce the occlusion number of teeth, and just or in the state of anti-relative velocity Realize machinery semi-automatic gearshift occlusion.
It should be appreciated that above general description and detailed description hereinafter are only exemplary, can not be limited this Application.
Brief description
The broken section structural representation of the two-way insertion biting connecions gearshift that Fig. 1 is provided by the embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 2 is the fit structure schematic diagram of connecting portion, fairlead and adapter sleeve;
The shift process schematic diagram of the two-way insertion biting connecions gearshift that Fig. 3 is provided by the embodiment of the present application.
Brief description:10- rotary shaft;11- gear wheel;12- little gear;The junction surface that 13- is fixedly connected with gear wheel; 130- slot;132- slot inclined-plane;134- bar shaped chamber;The junction surface that 14- is fixedly connected with little gear;15- clutch collar;150- inserts Tooth;152- gear shaping inclined-plane;16- fairlead;160- guide pad;162- pilot hole;164- guiding surface;17- flexible buffer connects Unit;18- splined hub;19- bearing.
Accompanying drawing herein is merged in description and constitutes the part of this specification, shows the enforcement meeting the application Example, and be used for explaining the principle of the application together with description.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment and combine accompanying drawing the application is described in further detail.Described in literary composition "front", "rear", "left", "right", " on ", D score all with the accompanying drawing of this two-way insertion biting connecions gearshift as reference, wherein " front " refers to perpendicular to paper upwards, and " afterwards " refers to downward perpendicular to paper.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, in rotary shaft 10, set is simultaneously provided with gear wheel 11 and little gear 12, the enforcement of the application The two-way insertion biting connecions gearshift that example provides, English name is Bilateral-Harpoon-shift, including:With canine tooth Junction surface 14 that the junction surfaces 13 that are fixedly connected of wheel 11 are fixedly connected with little gear 12,15, two fairleads 16 of clutch collar and Two flexible buffer connection units 17 collectively form.
Wherein, rotary shaft 10 can be as the driving shaft of power source or driven as power output object Axle.When rotary shaft 10 is driving shaft, gear wheel 11 and little gear 12 are driven gear, when rotary shaft 10 is driven shaft When, gear wheel 11 and little gear 12 are driving gear.
Clutch collar 15 is set in rotary shaft 10, and requires to produce relative displacement in axial direction and rotary shaft 10 between, But relative displacement can not be produced in circumference.Pass through in the present embodiment to adopt splined hub 18 connect rotary shaft 10 and clutch collar 15 with Realize above-mentioned functions.Gear wheel 11, little gear 12 and the junction surface 13,14 being fixedly connected with the two are all set in rotary shaft 10 On, and respectively positioned at the two ends of clutch collar 15, junction surface 13 and 14 is all towards clutch collar 15.
Junction surface 13 and 14 can be connected with gear wheel 11, little gear 12 by modes such as welding it is also possible to directly with greatly Gear 11, little gear 12 setting are structure as a whole.Junction surface 13 and 14 is used for being coordinated with clutch collar 15, makes corresponding canine tooth Wheel 11 or little gear 12 together with clutch collar 15, rotary shaft 10 with identical angular velocity synchronous axial system, therefore, junction surface 13 and 14 On be provided with structure for coordinating with clutch collar 15.
Taking junction surface 13 as a example, as shown in Fig. 2 junction surface 13 circumferentially arranged has one towards one end periphery of clutch collar 15 Circle slot 130.And, in order to reduce impulsive force further, also it is provided with two side walls that slot 130 is circumferentially arranged Slot inclined-plane 132 to slot 130 inside and bottom angled.For junction surface 14, it is also equipped with above-mentioned fit structure, here Repeat no more.
In order to complete coordinate, clutch collar 15 towards junction surface 13 one end circumferentially correspond to slot 130 can be distributed setting One circle gear shaping 150.And, also for reducing impulsive force further, it also is provided with by middle part circumferentially in the end of gear shaping 150 Tilt two formed gear shaping inclined-planes 152 towards clutch collar 15 place direction.
Gear wheel 11 and little gear 12 are respectively used to realize different gear ratio, and it needs moment and other gear cooperations Rotate, the angular velocity that therefore the two does not maintain like and rotary shaft 10 between at any time.And in order to reduce friction each other Power, the gear wheel 11 in the present embodiment and little gear 12 are all connected by bearing 19 between rotary shaft 10.Due to junction surface 13rd, 14 be fixedly connected with gear wheel 11 and little gear 12, therefore further also can by bearing 19 extend to junction surface 13,14 with Between rotary shaft 10.
With continued reference to Fig. 1, two fairleads 16 are located at the two ends of clutch collar 15 respectively, and are located at clutch collar 15 and corresponding Between the junction surface 13 or 14 of side.Junction surface 13 and 14 is all by flexible buffer connection unit 17 and neighbouring fairlead 16 Connect.
Flexible buffer connection unit 17 is typically circumferentially arranged on the inner lateral areas of junction surface 13,14 and fairlead 16 Domain, and the two ends of flexible buffer connection unit 17 are connected with junction surface 13,14 or fairlead 16 respectively.So, when fairlead 16 When causing rotational angular velocity inconsistent because respective stressing conditions are different and adjacent junction surface 13,14 between, flexible buffer Connection unit 17 will occur elastic deformation, and energy produced by speed difference is converted into elasticity can be stored, and absorb and sting The impact energy brought due to larger speed difference during conjunction, makes the junction surface positioned at flexible buffer connection unit 17 two ends simultaneously 13rd, 14 or clutch collar 15 apply a more soft preaceleration torsion so as to speed consecutive variations, reduce last junction surface 13rd, 14 impact when being engaged with clutch collar 15.Further, since can be changed by the elastic deformation of flexible buffer connection unit 17 Become speed, the spacing between therefore two neighboring gear shaping 150 can be bigger than the gear shaping spacing on the lock unit in correlation technique, To give full play to the elastic deformation variable speed capability of flexible buffer connection unit 17, meanwhile, the quantity of gear shaping 150 also can accordingly subtract Few, simplify structure.
General flexible buffer connection unit 17 can be from spring, hydraulic pressure and other flexible body being suitable for, the present embodiment Using hydraulic pressure.Taking junction surface 13 as a example, for the ease of the setting of flexible buffer connection unit 17, can be in junction surface 13 and guiding Form a confined space circumferentially between set 16, flexible buffer connection unit 17 is placed within this confined space. Meanwhile, junction surface 13 and fairlead 16 connect a forced section being arranged within confined space respectively (for example to protrude Step or catch), the two ends of flexible buffer connection unit 17 are connected with a forced section respectively.So, confined space just may be used Serve as the gathering sill of flexible buffer connection unit 17, the movement to flexible buffer connection unit 17 and deformation direction limit.
As shown in figure 1, it is specific, for the confined space being formed between junction surface 13 and fairlead 16, due to junction surface Need on 13 to arrange slot 130, therefore its axial dimension is larger, using this feature, the present embodiment is by the main body of confined space Part is arranged in junction surface 13.Concrete mode is:The bar shaped chamber 134 of closed at both ends is arranged on junction surface 13, will lead afterwards End to set 16 tightly covers on the opening in bar shaped chamber 134, is collectively forming this confined space.This mode takes full advantage of The inner space at junction surface 13, simplifies the structure of fairlead 16.
It is described in detail below taking near the fairlead 16 at junction surface 13 as a example.Referring to Fig. 2, fairlead 16 was included along week The pilot hole 162 that confession gear shaping 150 between multiple guide pads 160 and two neighboring guide pad 160 of arrangement passes through, guiding Hole 162 is correspondingly arranged with slot 130.Additionally, fairlead 16 also includes the middle part of the side by guide pad 160 towards clutch collar 15 Circumferentially tilt two formed guiding surfaces 164 towards junction surface 13 place direction.
Poor in order to reduce impulsive force and abundant conversion rate, it is in nature elongation state in flexible buffer connection unit 17 When, need between slot 130 and corresponding gear shaping 150 to intercept by guide pad 160.
It is driving shaft or driven shaft according to rotary shaft 10, the gearshift in the present embodiment possesses two kinds of working methods, As shown in figure 3, being described separately for different situations separately below.
When rotary shaft 10 is driving shaft, power needs to be passed by different gears by rotary shaft 10.Now, greatly Gear 11 and little gear 12 all moment keep engagement with other gears, and in the case of not carrying out power output simultaneously Do not rotate with rotary shaft 10.Taking shift to gear wheel 11 as a example, first clutch collar 15 is moved to gear wheel 11 place direction Dynamic, because clutch collar 15 is asynchronous with the rotation of gear wheel 11, therefore leading on the gear shaping 150 on clutch collar 15 and fairlead 16 Can produce circumferentially displaced between hole 162.
Gear shaping 150 is typically on a gear shaping inclined-plane 152 and guide pad 160 on gear shaping 150 in motor process first Guiding surface 164 joint, afterwards gear shaping 150 slide along guiding surface 164, be aligned and insert in pilot hole 162, when So also it is not excluded for gear shaping 150 to be directly aligned and insert in pilot hole 162.Now this fairlead 16 will be with clutch collar 15 with identical Angular velocity rotate and cause the angular velocity between this fairlead 16 and junction surface 13 inconsistent, cause flexibility therebetween to be delayed Rush connection unit 17 and produce the impact energy brought due to larger speed difference during deformation absorbs occlusion, and apply for junction surface 13 One more soft preaceleration torsion is so as to angular velocity consecutive variations.After gear shaping 150 is aligned with a slot inclined-plane 132, Gear shaping 150 just continues to slide in along slot inclined-plane 132 to slot 130, until gear shaping 150 is finally inserted among slot 130, makes to connect Conjunction portion 13 and gear wheel 11, to rotate with rotary shaft 10 identical angular velocity, so far complete shift process.
When rotary shaft 10 is driven shaft, power needs to be transferred in rotary shaft 10 by different gears.Now, gear wheel 11 and little gear 12 all moment keep engagements with other gears, and as the power being ready at all times as rotary shaft 10 Source, in the case of not carrying out power resources, the angular velocity of gear wheel 11 and little gear 12 is all different from rotary shaft 10.Also with As a example shifting to gear wheel 11, first clutch collar 15 is moved to gear wheel 11 place direction, due to clutch collar 15 and gear wheel 11 rotation is asynchronous, therefore also can produce circumference between the pilot hole 162 on the gear shaping 150 and fairlead 16 on clutch collar 15 Displacement.
Gear shaping 150 is aligned after guiding directly or by guiding surface 164 in motor process and inserts in pilot hole 162, Now this clutch collar 15 will and fairlead 16 rotated with identical angular velocity and cause between this fairlead 16 and junction surface 13 Angular velocity inconsistent, cause flexible buffer connection unit 17 therebetween to produce deformation and absorb during occlusion due to larger The impact energy that speed difference brings, and apply a more soft preaceleration torsion so as to angular velocity continuously becomes for clutch collar 15 Change.After gear shaping 150 is aligned with a slot inclined-plane 132, gear shaping 150 just continues sliding in along slot inclined-plane 132 to slot 130 Dynamic, until gear shaping 150 is finally inserted among slot 130, make clutch collar 16 and rotary shaft 10 with gear wheel 11 identical angle Speed rotates, and so far completes shift process.
By said process as can be seen that in shift process, clutch collar 15 once only moves to a direction, and be located at Gear in this direction is coordinated, therefore in order to simplify the structure of gearshift and weight and reduce production cost, this reality Apply example and be respectively arranged with gear wheel 11 and little gear 12 in the both sides of clutch collar 15, so can be controlled by a clutch collar 15 Two gears of system.
And, because the middle part of the side towards clutch collar 15 for the guide pad 160 is circumferentially towards described junction surface place direction Two guiding surfaces 164 have been formed slopely it, therefore no matter the relative velocity between axle and gear is positive or negative sense all can be real The semi-automatic occlusion of shifting gears of existing machinery.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of the application, be not limited to the application, for the skill of this area For art personnel, the application can have various modifications and variations.All within spirit herein and principle, made any repair Change, equivalent, improvement etc., should be included within the protection domain of the application.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of two-way insertion biting connecions gearshift, this device is used for being arranged on the cogged rotary shaft of tool, described gear It is set in described rotary shaft and can rotate it is characterised in that including relative to described rotary shaft:It is set in described rotary shaft And wherein junction surface that one end is fixedly connected with described gear, be set in described rotary shaft and be located at the another of described junction surface The fairlead at end, it is located at described fairlead away from the one end at described junction surface and being capable of axially opposing mobile week with described rotary shaft It is connected list to the clutch collar of synchronous axial system, for transmitting the flexible buffer of circumferential power between described junction surface and described fairlead Unit,
Described junction surface towards described clutch collar one end circumferentially arranged with slot, described clutch collar is towards the one of described junction surface End circumferentially corresponds to described slot and is provided with gear shaping,
Described fairlead includes:Between multiple guide pads of circumferentially arranging, two neighboring described guide pad for described gear shaping The pilot hole that passes through, by described guide pad the side towards described clutch collar middle part circumferentially towards described junction surface place direction Tilt two formed guiding surfaces, described pilot hole is correspondingly arranged with described slot,
When described flexible buffer connection unit is in nature elongation state, between described slot and corresponding described gear shaping, pass through institute State guide pad to intercept.
2. two-way insertion biting connecions gearshift according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that the end of described gear shaping is provided with Two formed gear shaping inclined-planes are circumferentially tilted towards described clutch collar place direction by middle part.
3. two-way insertion biting connecions gearshift according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described slot is circumferentially arranged Two side walls be all provided with that oriented described slot is internal and the slot inclined-plane of bottom angled.
4. two-way insertion biting connecions gearshift according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described flexible buffer connects list Unit is circumferentially disposed along described rotary shaft, and its two ends is connected with described fairlead and described junction surface respectively.
5. two-way insertion biting connecions gearshift according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that described flexible buffer connects list Unit is spring or hydraulic pressure.
6. two-way insertion biting connecions gearshift according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that described junction surface is towards described Form confined space circumferentially, described junction surface is divided with described fairlead between one end of clutch collar and described fairlead In described confined space, it is not provided with forced section, the two ends of described flexible buffer connection unit are subject to described in one of them respectively Power portion connects.
7. two-way insertion biting connecions gearshift according to claim 6 is it is characterised in that described confined space is by described Junction surface covers described bar towards one end of described clutch collar circumferentially arranged with the bar shaped chamber of closed at both ends and described fairlead Partly jointly the surrounding of shape chamber.
8. two-way insertion biting connecions gearshift according to claim 7 is it is characterised in that footpath along described junction surface To described confined space is arranged on the inner side of described slot.
9. the two-way insertion biting connecions gearshift according to any one of claim 1 to 8 is it is characterised in that described joint Portion and described fairlead are two, and are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of described clutch collar, and each described junction surface all connects Connect a described gear, and the diameter of two described gears is different.
10. the two-way insertion biting connecions gearshift according to any one of claim 1 to 8 is it is characterised in that described joint Portion is connected with described rotary shaft by splined hub.
CN201410811413.8A 2014-12-23 2014-12-23 Bidirectional inserting and engaging type gear shifting device Active CN104500725B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201410811413.8A CN104500725B (en) 2014-12-23 2014-12-23 Bidirectional inserting and engaging type gear shifting device

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201410811413.8A CN104500725B (en) 2014-12-23 2014-12-23 Bidirectional inserting and engaging type gear shifting device

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CN104500725A CN104500725A (en) 2015-04-08
CN104500725B true CN104500725B (en) 2017-02-22

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GB9324756D0 (en) * 1993-12-02 1994-01-19 Eaton Corp Synchronizer with self-energizing
KR100354141B1 (en) * 1999-12-15 2002-09-28 현대자동차주식회사 Synchronizer for Manual Transmission
KR100354029B1 (en) * 2000-08-21 2002-09-27 현대자동차주식회사 Automotive manual transmission synchronizer
DE102004034268B3 (en) * 2004-07-15 2005-12-29 Wacker Construction Equipment Ag Rotary hammer with safety coupling
US8162118B2 (en) * 2009-05-15 2012-04-24 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Lash control in a transmission coupler
JP5553849B2 (en) * 2012-03-02 2014-07-16 本田技研工業株式会社 Gearbox synchronizer
CN103233986B (en) * 2013-04-26 2015-07-08 浙江万里扬变速器股份有限公司 Synchronizer structure capable of preventing secondary impact during gear shift
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