CN104500309A - Automobile PI ignition system and ignition method based on ARM - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an automobile PI ignition system and ignition method based on an ARM, and relates to automobile ignition and calibration of ignition advance angle time. An ARM core controller is adopted to replace a traditional single chip microcomputer to carry out control; and data modifying is carried out on an upper computer, and data transmission and control of an ECU internal storage are completed. Hardware circuit design of an ECU ignition control system is completed and comprises sensor forward channel circuit design, microprocessor ignition control strategy design, ignition executor backward channel circuit design and the like. Functions of main data collection sensors and peripheral circuits of the automobile electric control ignition system are introduced. The engine multipoint sequence ignition control strategy, the optimal ignition advance angle knocking control strategy and control system anti-disturbance design are analyzed, and a system chart and an ignition coil driving circuit of an ignition execution mechanism are designed in a backward channel.

Description

Based on automobile PI ignition system and the ignition method of ARM

Technical field: this method relates to from a kind of automobile PI ignition system based on ARM and ignition method, the design relates to the thermal efficiency of motor car engine, the Economy improving fuel oil and reduction noxious gas emission.The concrete PI IGNITION CONTROL function disclosing the ECU that a kind of use 32 arm processors replace conventional one-piece machine to complete.

Background technique: at present, most domestic Automobile Enterprises is still in the starting stage of electronic technology.Only have minority producer, mainly on some joint automobiles, begin one's study and develop use electric control device.Because ECU technology is each large Automobile Enterprises core business secret, be in black box state always.Although the motor of the medium-to-high grade car that China produces all have employed electronic control technology substantially, but because Domestic Automotive Industry carries out technology transfer strategy in early days, therefore almost there is no electric-control motor independent intellectual property right, all belong to Introduced From Abroad electric-control motor production line or automatical control system.

The control of ECU igniting, generally includes that time of ignition controls, control three aspects of knock control and ignition energy.Microprocessor ignition system is when increasing ignition energy, and PI controls to approach the thermal efficiency that best ignition advance angle effectively can improve motor, improves the Economy of fuel oil, reduces harmful tailpipe emissions simultaneously.Because the gas mixture burning in engine cylinder needs the regular hour, so should not light at top dead center place at the gas mixture of compression stroke, time of ignition should suitably shift to an earlier date, mixture is fully burned when piston runs to top dead center, thus makes motor reach more high-power.Time of ignition generally sends spark with spark plug to start to reach to piston the angle that this period of time inside crankshaft of top dead center position turns over and represents, image be called ignition advance angle.When ignition advance angle is excessive, the whole combustion process of mixture completes in compression stroke, in engine cylinder, air-inflated pressure sharply raises, namely reaching maximum when piston reaches budc, make piston be subject to pressurized gas recoil, piston is pushed and does negative work, causes engine power to decline, rotary speed unstabilization is fixed, even produces pinking.When ignition advance angle is too small, just occur electrical spark when piston reaches top dead center, then the burning of mixture is mainly carried out in piston working stroke, and thus in cylinder, maximum combustion pressure reduces, and the ratio that thermal energy does Effective power reduces relatively, causes power drop.

Summary of the invention:

Goal of the invention: the invention provides a kind of automobile PI ignition system based on ARM and ignition method, its objective is the drawback existing for solution mode in the past.

Technological scheme: the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

Based on an automobile PI ignition system of ARM, it is characterized in that: this system comprises microcontroller, pinking charge signal change-over circuit, detonation signal bandwidth-limited circuit, detonation sensor peripheral circuit, cooling water temperature sensor peripheral circuit, crankshaft position sensor peripheral circuit, cam-position sensor circuit and ignition drive circuit; Detonation sensor peripheral circuit, cooling water temperature sensor peripheral circuit, crankshaft position sensor peripheral circuit, cam-position sensor circuit and ignition drive circuit are all connected to microcontroller; Pinking charge signal change-over circuit is connected to detonation signal bandwidth-limited circuit, and detonation signal bandwidth-limited circuit connects detonation sensor peripheral circuit.

Microcontroller comprises adc circuit, CLOCK circuit, Timer circuit, jtag circuit and dma circuit;

Pinking charge signal change-over circuit comprises pinking microprocessor AD521, 9th resistance R9, tenth resistance R10, upper adjustable resistance RG and lower resistance RS, operational amplifier is provided with in pinking microprocessor, the output terminal of operational amplifier is connected to the 7th pin of pinking microprocessor, the in-phase output end of operational amplifier is connected to the first pin of pinking microprocessor, the tripod of the reverse input end pinking microprocessor of operational amplifier, 9th resistance R9 is connected to crus secunda and the 14 pin of pinking microprocessor, first pin of the tenth resistance R10 pinking microprocessor and tripod, two fixed ends of upper adjustable resistance RG be connected to pinking microprocessor the 4th pin and the 6th pin, the movable end of upper adjustable resistance RG is connected to the 5th pin of pinking microprocessor, lower resistance RS is connected to the tenth pin and the tenth tripod of pinking microprocessor.

Detonation signal bandwidth-limited circuit comprises filtering operation amplifier, the 42 adjustable resistance R42, the 43 adjustable resistance R43, the 44 resistance R44, the 45 resistance R45, the 42 electric capacity C42 and the 41 electric capacity C41; The in-phase output end of filtering operation amplifier is connected to pinking microprocessor the 7th pin of pinking charge signal change-over circuit by the 41 electric capacity C41 and 41 adjustable resistance R41; 42 electric capacity C42 series connection the 43 adjustable resistance R43,43 adjustable resistance R43 series connection the 44 resistance R44,44 resistance R44 is connected to the reverse input end of filtering operation amplifier, 45 resistance R45 mono-aspect is connected to the 42 adjustable resistance R42, is connected to the reverse input end of filtering operation amplifier on the other hand; 42 electric capacity C42 is also connected to the 42 adjustable resistance R42, and the 42 adjustable resistance R42 is connected to the in-phase output end of filtering operation amplifier.

Cooling water temperature sensor peripheral circuit comprises NTC heat sensitive sensor, electric capacity, resistance and two operational amplifiers, first NTC heat sensitive sensor is connected to the reverse input end of first operational amplifier, second NTC heat sensitive sensor is connected to the reverse input end of first operational amplifier by the first cooling electric capacity, first cooling resistance is connected to the first cooling electric capacity on the one hand, be connected to the second cooling resistance on the other hand, second cooling resistance is connected to the in-phase output end of first operational amplifier, 3rd cooling resistance connects the second cooling resistance on the one hand, be connected to the reverse input end of second operational amplifier on the other hand, second cooling electric capacity is connected to the in-phase output end of first operational amplifier on the one hand, the reverse input end of second operational amplifier is connected on the other hand by the 4th cooling resistance, the output terminal of first operational amplifier is connected to the reverse input end of second operational amplifier by the 4th cooling resistance, 3rd cooling electric capacity is connected to the reverse input end of the first cooling electric capacity and second operational amplifier, the reverse input end of first operational amplifier is connected to the positive pole of second operational amplifier by the 5th cooling resistance, 6th cooling resistance is connected to the in-phase output end of second operational amplifier on the one hand, connect the first cooling electric capacity and the 4th cooling electric capacity on the other hand, 4th cooling electric capacity is connected to microcontroller, 5th cooling electric capacity is connected to the input end in the same way of second operational amplifier on the one hand, microcontroller is connected on the other hand by the 6th cooling resistance, 7th cooling resistance is connected to the input end in the same way of second operational amplifier on the one hand, microcontroller is connected on the other hand by the 6th cooling resistance.

Detonation sensor peripheral circuit comprises two pinking operational amplifiers, the second diode D2, the first electric capacity C1, two groups of bi-directional voltage stabilizing pipes and the first reference diode D1; The input end in the same way of the first pinking operational amplifier is connected to the output terminal of second operational amplifier of cooling water temperature sensor; The reverse input end of the first pinking operational amplifier and output terminal are connected to the second diode D2, second diode D2 is connected to the input end in the same way of the second pinking operational amplifier, in parallel with the first electric capacity C1 after the parallel connection of two groups of bi-directional voltage stabilizing pipes, then the input end in the same way of the second pinking operational amplifier is connected to, the reverse input end of the second pinking operational amplifier and output terminal are connected to the 17 pin U17 of microcontroller ADC, and the first reference diode D1 is connected to the 17 pin U17 of microcontroller ADC.

Crankshaft position sensor peripheral circuit comprises two crankshaft position sensors, bent axle operational amplifier, multiple resistance, multiple electric capacity and bidirectional trigger diode; first crankshaft position sensor is connected to the reverse input end of bent axle operational amplifier by the first bent axle resistance, second crankshaft position sensor connects the second bent axle resistance and three-crankshaft resistance, second bent axle resistance and the first crankshaft position sensor are connected to the reverse input end of bent axle operational amplifier jointly, three-crankshaft resistance is connected to the input end in the same way of bent axle operational amplifier, bidirectional trigger diode two ends are connected to input end in the same way and the reverse input end of bent axle operational amplifier respectively, the reverse input end the other end that 4th bent axle resistance one end is connected to bent axle operational amplifier is connected to the 6th pin J6 of microcontroller TIMER circuit by the 5th bent axle resistance, first bent axle electric capacity is connected to the input end in the same way of bent axle operational amplifier, reverse input end and negative pole, second bent axle electric capacity is connected to input end in the same way and the negative pole of bent axle operational amplifier, 6th bent axle resistance is connected to input end in the same way and the negative pole of bent axle operational amplifier, the output terminal of bent axle operational amplifier is connected to the 6th pin J6 of microcontroller TIMER circuit.

Cam-position sensor circuit comprises CMPS Camshaft Position Sensor, resistance and photo coupler, CMPS Camshaft Position Sensor is connected to photo coupler by the first cam resistance, and photo coupler is connected to the 5th pin J5 of microcontroller TIMER circuit together with the second cam resistance.

Microcontroller clock road is also connected with quartz crystal oscillator and electric capacity, and quartz crystal oscillator is connected to the 14 pin G14 and the 15 pin G15 of clock circuit, and two electric capacity are connected to the 14 pin G14 and the 15 pin G15 of clock circuit respectively.

Utilize the above-mentioned ignition method implemented based on the automobile PI ignition system of ARM, it is characterized in that:

This method adopts multiple branches to call each function module, and ECU main program multi-point sequent is lighted a fire, and ignition module knock rating feedback PI controls the functions such as ignition advance angle, and automatical control system is according to the peak voltage V of sensor output signal after amplifying _pas the evaluation index of pinking, the pinking voltage V that ECU detects _pgenerally change with engine speed, in each sampling period, work as V _pbe greater than pinking judgment standard voltage V _ctime, control unit judges petrol engine generation pinking, and ECU, to the stored counts of pinking number of times, works as V _pwhen being less than pinking judgment standard, control unit judges pinking not to occur, ECU calculates the pinking ratio closing on 100 igniting, by knock rating digital quantity input CPU, the data that real data and ECU storage are demarcated are compared, judge the intensity that pinking produces, when knock rating is greater than desirable detonation rate, ECU ignition procedure regulates according to the size PI of error e and reduces ignition advance angle, ignition advance angle control is within 15 DEG C of A, when knock rating is less than desirable detonation rate, ECU regulates increasing ignition angle to approach 15 DEG C of A gradually from 10 DEG C of A according to the size PI of error e,

Basic spark advance angle has engine speed and load to determine through ECU calculating, basic spark advance angle transfer speed becomes non-linear relation with load, introducing proportional integral Absent measures reduction value object is to improve speed control, eliminate static error, improve control accuracy, pi regulator is linear regulator, and it is by actual measurement knock rating N that PI controls _bas input quantity and desirable detonation rate N _bocompare and form control deviation e, and its ratio, integration are formed controlled quentity controlled variable by linear combination and optimize ignition advance angle, advance angle of engine changes, knock rating is changed, just constitute feedback closed loop to control, each work cycle ECU controls motor quickly and accurately according to knock intensity and is facing under quick-fried state, reaches the control of Optimum spark advance angle;

Pinking feedback PI controls ignition advance angle formula as shown in (1):

$\mathrm{\θ}=u_0+\mathrm{Kp}(N_b-N_{\mathrm{bo}})+\frac{1}{\mathrm{Ti}}{\∫}_{-\∞}^t\mathrm{edt}---\left(1\right)$

In formula: θ is Optimum spark advance angle, unit is a DEG C A;

U ₀for basic spark advance angle, determined by the rotating speed of motor and load;

Kp is scaling factor;

N _bfor knock rating is arrived to obtain in actual measurement;

N _bofor desirable detonation rate;

Ti is integration time constant;

E is the error (e=N of actual knock rating and desirable detonation rate _b-N _bo);

The some function modules of main program run time call, complete calling of C language and assembler language, ECU Software for Design defines output port, is convenient to the expansion of function and the renewal of system.Coding in ADS, compiling generates binary bin file, and under NorFlash pattern, programming is in Nand Flash memorizer, the non-loss of Nand Flash memorizer support program power down.

First enter forward path circuit from the signal of sensor input, the signal of input all just will can become the input pulse signal of ECU through input circuit process; The signal that detonation sensor gathers is through the analog amount interface AIN1 of pinking charge signal change-over circuit, detonation signal bandwidth-limited circuit, detonation sensor peripheral circuit input ECU; NTC heat sensitive sensor gathers the analog amount interface AIN0 through cooling-water temperature sensor peripheral circuit input ECU; Crankshaft position sensor peripheral circuit and cam-position sensor circuit input ECU data register GPB0, GPB1 interface; ECU backward channel is designed to multiple spot electronic control ignition and distributes 4 register GPB5, GPB6, GPB7, GPB8 transmission firing data; Fire signal amplifies through overdrive circuit, realizes the igniting of spark coil in each cylinder;

On ARM development board, K2 to K5 pin Default Value is Low level effective, 4 cylinder spark are controlled respectively with K2 to K5 pin, realize the firing order of 1 cylinder → 2, cylinder → 4, cylinder → 3 cylinder, GPB [10:0] is 11 universal I/O ports, the corresponding core board dma memory of spark coil in cylinder one K2 pin, the L5 pin of the corresponding core board ChipSelect of the spark coil in cylinder two storage, the K7 pin of the corresponding core board dma memory of the spark coil in cylinder three; The GPB8 pin of the corresponding core board dma memory of the spark coil in cylinder four;

Define the control bit function of GPBCON register in principal function, it is 01010101 that Binary Code sets gradually from the 11st to the 18th, and configuration K2 to K5 is multi-point sequent igniting output port; Whether port pull-up register GPBUP configured port is forbidden, and ARM9 processor I/O port is all multi-functional port, masks redirect and misoperation that ignore bit prevents function setting; GPBUP arranges corresponding binary digit when being 0, is connected to corresponding port pinout function enables to pull-up; When to arrange corresponding binary digit be 1; Be connected to corresponding port pinout function to pull-up to forbid; Data storage register GPBDAT configured port exports data, and when the corresponding pin of GPB is set to 0, signal exports, pin countless certificate when being set to 1;

1 cylinder fire signal connects K2 pin GPBDAT [10:0] the 6th enable pull-up of binary digit, exports fire signal to pin K2;

3 cylinder fire signals connect K7 pin GPBDAT [10:0] the 8th enable pull-up of binary digit, export fire signal to pin K7;

4 cylinder fire signals connect K5 pin GPBDAT [10:0] the 9th enable pull-up of binary digit, export fire signal to pin K5;

2 cylinder fire signals connect L5 pin GPBDAT [10:0] the 7th enable pull-up of binary digit, export fire signal to pin L5.

Advantage and effect: the invention provides a kind of automobile PI ignition system based on ARM and ignition method, the present invention relates to the calibration in automotive ignition and ignition advance angle moment.Adopt ARM core controller to replace conventional one-piece machine to control, on upper-position unit, Update Table completes data transmission and the control of ECU internal storage.

Select ARM9 processor to replace traditional single-chip microcomputer to complete the design of ECU function, consider opening and the extensibility of system, adapt to the multi-purpose transplanting of automatical control system and the constantly perfect needs of controlling functions.Microcontroller based on ARM comprises power circuit, external crystal-controlled oscillation, reset circuit, JTAG debug i/f circuit.Chip internal has program storage, so need not add accumulator system as single-chip microcomputer.ARM9 processor core has debugging jtag interface, supports J-Link emulator debug.Do not need J-Link emulsification time in download program to NorFlash, but jtag interface is very important to on-line debugging on stream, so also this part is joined in minimum system.These parts above-mentioned and ARM9 processor together constitute the core that ECU controls.

The present invention completes the hardware circuit design of ECU Iganition control system.Hardware circuit design comprises three parts, sensor forward path circuit design, the control strategy design of microprocessor igniting, igniting final controlling element backward channel circuit design etc.Describe the function of the main data sampling sensor of automobile electrically-controlled ignition system and peripheral circuit.Analyze motor multi-point sequent ignition control strategy, the knock control strategy of optimum ignition advance angle and control system Anti-disturbance Design.Backward channel devises system block diagram and the ignition coil driving circuit of igniting actuator.

The present invention relates to automobile ECU ignition system, comprise Software for Design and hardware design two-part, goal of the invention realizes the autonomous Design of ECU ignition system.Adopt ARM core controller to replace conventional one-piece machine to control, build the software and hardware Simulation Experimental Platform of electronic-controlled ignition system.On upper-position unit, Update Table completes the data communication of ECU internal storage, and upper-position unit is monitored the calibration variation of time of ignition;

The present invention applies high-performance, the low power consumption ARM9 chip replacement conventional one-piece machine design ECU partial function of 32 RISC frameworks.Meet the demand that user improves constantly vehicle dynamic quality, emission performance, real-time;

Abundant submodule and powerful Processing capacity is had in ARM9 processor of the present invention, improve efficiency and the reliability of the exploitation of hardware system, complete the design of ECU ignition system schematic diagram on this basis, comprise the hardware design of ECU, forward path circuit design, the design of backward channel drive circuit, the design of IIC communicating circuit and ECU Anti-interference Design etc.; Motor multi-point sequent PI feedback control is lighted a fire, and can play ARM9 processor pipeline controlling functions.Program design adopts multi-path branch structure, and subroutine function realizes modularization, meets the design requirement of ECU.ARM9 processor carries A/D signal conversion port, saves cost of hardware design, improves the stability that ECU controls.The multiplexed I/O port of ARM9 simplifies hardware circuit design, and compiling application code generates bin file, downloads in Nand Flash memorizer.In AXD software, complete on-line debugging with JTAG emulsification, the single-step debug of the Realization of Simulation electronic control ignition program, iic bus communication completes register data transmission.

Accompanying drawing illustrates:

Fig. 1 ECU ignition system circuit figure

Fig. 2 ECU ignition system circuit figure

Fig. 3 register parameters changes

Fig. 4 serial ports feedback DNW successfully downloads bin file

Fig. 5 first cylinder register data

Fig. 6 the 3rd cylinder register data

Fig. 7 four-cylinder register data

Fig. 8 second cylinder register data.

Embodiment:

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but not because specific embodiment limits the present invention.

The invention provides a kind of automobile PI ignition system based on ARM, this system comprises microcontroller, pinking charge signal change-over circuit, detonation signal bandwidth-limited circuit, detonation sensor peripheral circuit, cooling water temperature sensor peripheral circuit, crankshaft position sensor peripheral circuit, cam-position sensor circuit and ignition drive circuit; Detonation sensor peripheral circuit, cooling water temperature sensor peripheral circuit, crankshaft position sensor peripheral circuit, cam-position sensor circuit and ignition drive circuit are all connected to microcontroller; Pinking charge signal change-over circuit is connected to detonation signal bandwidth-limited circuit, and detonation signal bandwidth-limited circuit connects detonation sensor peripheral circuit.

Microcontroller comprises adc circuit, CLOCK circuit, Timer circuit, jtag circuit and dma circuit;

Pinking charge signal change-over circuit comprises pinking microprocessor AD521, 9th resistance R9, tenth resistance R10, upper adjustable resistance RG and lower resistance RS, operational amplifier is provided with in pinking microprocessor, the output terminal of operational amplifier is connected to the 7th pin of pinking microprocessor, the in-phase output end of operational amplifier is connected to the first pin of pinking microprocessor, the tripod of the reverse input end pinking microprocessor of operational amplifier, 9th resistance R9 is connected to crus secunda and the 14 pin of pinking microprocessor, first pin of the tenth resistance R10 pinking microprocessor and tripod, two fixed ends of upper adjustable resistance RG be connected to pinking microprocessor the 4th pin and the 6th pin, the movable end of upper adjustable resistance RG is connected to the 5th pin of pinking microprocessor, lower resistance RS is connected to the tenth pin and the tenth tripod of pinking microprocessor.

Detonation signal bandwidth-limited circuit comprises filtering operation amplifier, the 42 adjustable resistance R42, the 43 adjustable resistance R43, the 44 resistance R44, the 45 resistance R45, the 42 electric capacity C42 and the 41 electric capacity C41; The in-phase output end of filtering operation amplifier is connected to pinking microprocessor the 7th pin of pinking charge signal change-over circuit by the 41 electric capacity C41 and 41 adjustable resistance R41; 42 electric capacity C42 series connection the 43 adjustable resistance R43,43 adjustable resistance R43 series connection the 44 resistance R44,44 resistance R44 is connected to the reverse input end of filtering operation amplifier, 45 resistance R45 mono-aspect is connected to the 42 adjustable resistance R42, is connected to the reverse input end of filtering operation amplifier on the other hand; 42 electric capacity C42 is also connected to the 42 adjustable resistance R42, and the 42 adjustable resistance R42 is connected to the in-phase output end of filtering operation amplifier.

Cooling water temperature sensor peripheral circuit comprises NTC heat sensitive sensor, electric capacity, resistance and two operational amplifiers, first NTC heat sensitive sensor is connected to the reverse input end of first operational amplifier, second NTC heat sensitive sensor is connected to the reverse input end of first operational amplifier by the first cooling electric capacity, first cooling resistance is connected to the first cooling electric capacity on the one hand, be connected to the second cooling resistance on the other hand, second cooling resistance is connected to the in-phase output end of first operational amplifier, 3rd cooling resistance connects the second cooling resistance on the one hand, be connected to the reverse input end of second operational amplifier on the other hand, second cooling electric capacity is connected to the in-phase output end of first operational amplifier on the one hand, the reverse input end of second operational amplifier is connected on the other hand by the 4th cooling resistance, the output terminal of first operational amplifier is connected to the reverse input end of second operational amplifier by the 4th cooling resistance, 3rd cooling electric capacity is connected to the reverse input end of the first cooling electric capacity and second operational amplifier, the reverse input end of first operational amplifier is connected to the positive pole of second operational amplifier by the 5th cooling resistance, 6th cooling resistance is connected to the in-phase output end of second operational amplifier on the one hand, connect the first cooling electric capacity and the 4th cooling electric capacity on the other hand, 4th cooling electric capacity is connected to microcontroller, 5th cooling electric capacity is connected to the input end in the same way of second operational amplifier on the one hand, microcontroller is connected on the other hand by the 6th cooling resistance, 7th cooling resistance is connected to the input end in the same way of second operational amplifier on the one hand, microcontroller is connected on the other hand by the 6th cooling resistance.

Detonation sensor peripheral circuit comprises two pinking operational amplifiers, the second diode D2, the first electric capacity C1, two groups of bi-directional voltage stabilizing pipes and the first reference diode D1; The input end in the same way of the first pinking operational amplifier is connected to the output terminal of second operational amplifier of cooling water temperature sensor; The reverse input end of the first pinking operational amplifier and output terminal are connected to the second diode D2, second diode D2 is connected to the input end in the same way of the second pinking operational amplifier, in parallel with the first electric capacity C1 after the parallel connection of two groups of bi-directional voltage stabilizing pipes, then the input end in the same way of the second pinking operational amplifier is connected to, the reverse input end of the second pinking operational amplifier and output terminal are connected to the 17 pin U17 of microcontroller ADC, and the first reference diode D1 is connected to the 17 pin U17 of microcontroller ADC.

Crankshaft position sensor peripheral circuit comprises two crankshaft position sensors, bent axle operational amplifier, multiple resistance, multiple electric capacity and bidirectional trigger diode; first crankshaft position sensor is connected to the reverse input end of bent axle operational amplifier by the first bent axle resistance, second crankshaft position sensor connects the second bent axle resistance and three-crankshaft resistance, second bent axle resistance and the first crankshaft position sensor are connected to the reverse input end of bent axle operational amplifier jointly, three-crankshaft resistance is connected to the input end in the same way of bent axle operational amplifier, bidirectional trigger diode two ends are connected to input end in the same way and the reverse input end of bent axle operational amplifier respectively, the reverse input end the other end that 4th bent axle resistance one end is connected to bent axle operational amplifier is connected to the 6th pin J6 of microcontroller TIMER circuit by the 5th bent axle resistance, first bent axle electric capacity is connected to the input end in the same way of bent axle operational amplifier, reverse input end and negative pole, second bent axle electric capacity is connected to input end in the same way and the negative pole of bent axle operational amplifier, 6th bent axle resistance is connected to input end in the same way and the negative pole of bent axle operational amplifier, the output terminal of bent axle operational amplifier is connected to the 6th pin J6 of microcontroller TIMER circuit.

Cam-position sensor circuit comprises CMPS Camshaft Position Sensor, resistance and photo coupler, CMPS Camshaft Position Sensor is connected to photo coupler by the first cam resistance, and photo coupler is connected to the 5th pin J5 of microcontroller TIMER circuit together with the second cam resistance.

Microcontroller clock road is also connected with quartz crystal oscillator and electric capacity, and quartz crystal oscillator is connected to the 14 pin G14 and the 15 pin G15 of clock circuit, and two electric capacity are connected to the 14 pin G14 and the 15 pin G15 of clock circuit respectively.

Adopt multiple branches to call each function module, ECU main program multi-point sequent is lighted a fire, and ignition module knock rating feedback PI controls the functions such as ignition advance angle, and automatical control system is according to the peak voltage V of sensor output signal after amplifying _pas the evaluation index of pinking, the pinking voltage V that ECU detects _pgenerally change with engine speed, in each sampling period, work as V _pbe greater than pinking judgment standard voltage V _ctime, control unit judges petrol engine generation pinking, and ECU, to the stored counts of pinking number of times, works as V _pwhen being less than pinking judgment standard, control unit judges pinking not to occur, ECU calculates the pinking ratio closing on 100 igniting, by knock rating digital quantity input CPU, the data that real data and ECU storage are demarcated are compared, judge the intensity that pinking produces, when knock rating is greater than desirable detonation rate, ECU ignition procedure regulates according to the size PI of error e and reduces ignition advance angle, ignition advance angle control is within 15 DEG C of A, when knock rating is less than desirable detonation rate, ECU regulates increasing ignition angle to approach 15 DEG C of A gradually from 10 DEG C of A according to the size PI of error e,

Basic spark advance angle has engine speed and load to determine through ECU calculating, basic spark advance angle transfer speed becomes non-linear relation with load, introducing proportional integral Absent measures reduction value object is to improve speed control, eliminate static error, improve control accuracy, pi regulator is linear regulator, and it is by actual measurement knock rating N that PI controls _bas input quantity and desirable detonation rate N _bocompare and form control deviation e, and its ratio, integration are formed controlled quentity controlled variable by linear combination and optimize ignition advance angle, advance angle of engine changes, knock rating is changed, just constitute feedback closed loop to control, each work cycle ECU controls motor quickly and accurately according to knock intensity and is facing under quick-fried state, reaches the control of Optimum spark advance angle;

Pinking feedback PI controls ignition advance angle formula as shown in (1):

$\mathrm{\θ}=u_0+\mathrm{Kp}(N_b-N_{\mathrm{bo}})+\frac{1}{\mathrm{Ti}}{\∫}_{-\∞}^t\mathrm{edt}---\left(1\right)$

In formula: θ is Optimum spark advance angle, unit is a DEG C A;

U ₀for basic spark advance angle, determined by the rotating speed of motor and load;

Kp is scaling factor;

N _bfor knock rating is arrived to obtain in actual measurement;

N _bofor desirable detonation rate;

Ti is integration time constant;

E is the error (e=N of actual knock rating and desirable detonation rate _b-N _bo);

The some function modules of main program run time call, complete calling of C language and assembler language, ECU Software for Design defines output port, is convenient to the expansion of function and the renewal of system.Coding in ADS, compiling generates binary bin file, and under NorFlash pattern, programming is in Nand Flash memorizer, the non-loss of Nand Flash memorizer support program power down.

Application code compiling generates bin file programming in development board Nand Flash memorizer, realizes the design function of ECU.S3C2440 development board and the online single-step debug of JTAG debugger verify that the communication of data between register and ARM9 develop the feasibility that ECU controls advance angle of engine ignition.Compare the Stability and veracity enhancing ECU with common single-chip microcomputer, shorten the construction cycle of hardware peripheral circuit.

The design of ECU ignition system circuit forward path comprises pinking charge signal change-over circuit, detonation signal bandwidth-limited circuit, detonation sensor peripheral circuit, the distribution of cooling water temperature sensor peripheral circuit, crankshaft position sensor peripheral circuit and cam-position sensor circuit.Backward channel devises ignition drive circuit etc.

First enter forward path circuit from the signal of sensor input, the signal of input all just will can become the input pulse signal of ECU through input circuit process.The signal that detonation sensor gathers is through the analog amount interface AIN1 of pinking charge signal change-over circuit, detonation signal bandwidth-limited circuit, detonation sensor peripheral circuit input ECU.NTC heat sensitive sensor gathers the analog amount interface AIN0 through cooling-water temperature sensor peripheral circuit input ECU.Crankshaft position sensor peripheral circuit and cam-position sensor circuit input ECU data register GPB0, GPB1 interface.ECU backward channel is designed to multiple spot electronic control ignition and distributes 4 register GPB5, GPB6, GPB7, GPB8 transmission firing data.Fire signal amplifies through overdrive circuit, realizes the igniting of spark coil in each cylinder.Concrete ECU ignition system circuit design as shown in Figure 1, 2.

On ARM development board, K2 to K5 pin Default Value is Low level effective, controls 4 cylinder spark respectively with K2 to K5 pin, realizes the firing order of 1 cylinder → 2, cylinder → 4, cylinder → 3 cylinder.GPB [10:0] is 11 universal I/O ports, the corresponding core board dma memory of spark coil in cylinder one K2 pin, the L5 pin of the corresponding core board ChipSelect of the spark coil in cylinder two storage, the K7 pin of the corresponding core board dma memory of the spark coil in cylinder three.The GPB8 pin of the corresponding core board dma memory of the spark coil in cylinder four.

Define the control bit function of GPBCON register in principal function, it is 01010101 that Binary Code sets gradually from the 11st to the 18th, and configuration K2 to K5 is multi-point sequent igniting output port.Whether port pull-up register GPBUP configured port is forbidden, and ARM9 processor I/O port is all multi-functional port, masks redirect and misoperation that ignore bit prevents function setting.GPBUP arranges corresponding binary digit when being 0, is connected to corresponding port pinout function enables to pull-up.When to arrange corresponding binary digit be 1.Be connected to corresponding port pinout function to pull-up to forbid.Data storage register GPBDAT configured port exports data, and when the corresponding pin of GPB is set to 0, signal exports, pin countless certificate (rGPBDAT=0xFFF when being set to 1; // to port initialize).

1 cylinder fire signal connects K2 pin GPBDAT [10:0] the 6th enable pull-up of binary digit, exports fire signal to pin K2.

3 cylinder fire signals connect K7 pin GPBDAT [10:0] the 8th enable pull-up of binary digit, export fire signal to pin K7.

4 cylinder fire signals connect K5 pin GPBDAT [10:0] the 9th enable pull-up of binary digit, export fire signal to pin K5.

2 cylinder fire signals connect L5 pin GPBDAT [10:0] the 7th enable pull-up of binary digit, export fire signal to pin L5.

Code compilation: under ADS1.2 environment, program is developed to ECU and compile, open engineering main.c window point make and compile.Compiling window reveal codes does not have mistake, in DebugRel document folder, automatically generate bin file.

Bin file is downloaded: after serial ports instrument SecureCRT and development board successful connection, selector switch NorFlash restarts development board, and input under SecureCRT interface: a, carriage return enters downloading mode, open DNW software, load the bin file generated and download in development board.Serial ports SecureCRT interface display serial ports is successfully downloaded, as shown in Figure 3.

Initialization of register: configuration register data during execution main program, register parameters change is as Fig. 4.

Multi-point sequent IGNITION CONTROL: ECU internal processes calculates through PI algorithm, fire signal is sent to ignition module GPB2 register, the first address 0x56000014 place data of GPB data register redden, and K2 receives fire signal, control the first cylinder register data and transmit display as Fig. 5.

K7 receives fire signal, controls the 3rd cylinder register data and transmits display as Fig. 6.

K5 receives fire signal, controls four-cylinder register data and transmits display as Fig. 7.

L5 receives fire signal, controls the second cylinder register data and transmits display as Fig. 8.

Claims (10)

1. based on an automobile PI ignition system of ARM, it is characterized in that: this system comprises microcontroller, pinking charge signal change-over circuit, detonation signal bandwidth-limited circuit, detonation sensor peripheral circuit, cooling water temperature sensor peripheral circuit, crankshaft position sensor peripheral circuit, cam-position sensor circuit and ignition drive circuit; Detonation sensor peripheral circuit, cooling water temperature sensor peripheral circuit, crankshaft position sensor peripheral circuit, cam-position sensor circuit and ignition drive circuit are all connected to microcontroller; Pinking charge signal change-over circuit is connected to detonation signal bandwidth-limited circuit, and detonation signal bandwidth-limited circuit connects detonation sensor peripheral circuit.

2. the automobile PI ignition system based on ARM according to claim 1, is characterized in that: microcontroller comprises adc circuit, CLOCK circuit, Timer circuit, jtag circuit and dma circuit;

Pinking charge signal change-over circuit comprises pinking microprocessor (AD521), 9th resistance (R9), tenth resistance (R10), upper adjustable resistance (RG) and lower resistance (RS), operational amplifier is provided with in pinking microprocessor, the output terminal of operational amplifier is connected to the 7th pin of pinking microprocessor, the in-phase output end of operational amplifier is connected to the first pin of pinking microprocessor, the tripod of the reverse input end pinking microprocessor of operational amplifier, 9th resistance (R9) is connected to crus secunda and the 14 pin of pinking microprocessor, first pin of the tenth resistance (R10) pinking microprocessor and tripod, two fixed ends of upper adjustable resistance (RG) be connected to pinking microprocessor the 4th pin and the 6th pin, the movable end of upper adjustable resistance (RG) is connected to the 5th pin of pinking microprocessor, lower resistance (RS) is connected to the tenth pin and the tenth tripod of pinking microprocessor.

3. the automobile PI ignition system based on ARM according to claim 2, is characterized in that: detonation signal bandwidth-limited circuit comprises filtering operation amplifier, the 42 adjustable resistance (R42), the 43 adjustable resistance (R43), the 44 resistance (R44), the 45 resistance (R45), the 42 electric capacity (C42) and the 41 electric capacity (C41); The in-phase output end of filtering operation amplifier is connected to pinking microprocessor the 7th pin of pinking charge signal change-over circuit by the 41 electric capacity (C41) and 41 adjustable resistances (R41); 42 electric capacity (C42) is connected the 43 adjustable resistance (R43), 43 adjustable resistance (R43) is connected the 44 resistance (R44), 44 resistance (R44) is connected to the reverse input end of filtering operation amplifier, 45 resistance (R45) is connected to the 42 adjustable resistance (R42) on the one hand, is connected to the reverse input end of filtering operation amplifier on the other hand; 42 electric capacity (C42) is also connected to the 42 adjustable resistance (R42), and the 42 adjustable resistance (R42) is connected to the in-phase output end of filtering operation amplifier.

4. the automobile PI ignition system based on ARM according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: cooling water temperature sensor peripheral circuit comprises NTC heat sensitive sensor, electric capacity, resistance and two operational amplifiers, first NTC heat sensitive sensor is connected to the reverse input end of first operational amplifier, second NTC heat sensitive sensor is connected to the reverse input end of first operational amplifier by the first cooling electric capacity, first cooling resistance is connected to the first cooling electric capacity on the one hand, be connected to the second cooling resistance on the other hand, second cooling resistance is connected to the in-phase output end of first operational amplifier, 3rd cooling resistance connects the second cooling resistance on the one hand, be connected to the reverse input end of second operational amplifier on the other hand, second cooling electric capacity is connected to the in-phase output end of first operational amplifier on the one hand, the reverse input end of second operational amplifier is connected on the other hand by the 4th cooling resistance, the output terminal of first operational amplifier is connected to the reverse input end of second operational amplifier by the 4th cooling resistance, 3rd cooling electric capacity is connected to the reverse input end of the first cooling electric capacity and second operational amplifier, the reverse input end of first operational amplifier is connected to the positive pole of second operational amplifier by the 5th cooling resistance, 6th cooling resistance is connected to the in-phase output end of second operational amplifier on the one hand, connect the first cooling electric capacity and the 4th cooling electric capacity on the other hand, 4th cooling electric capacity is connected to microcontroller, 5th cooling electric capacity is connected to the input end in the same way of second operational amplifier on the one hand, microcontroller is connected on the other hand by the 6th cooling resistance, 7th cooling resistance is connected to the input end in the same way of second operational amplifier on the one hand, microcontroller is connected on the other hand by the 6th cooling resistance.

5. the automobile PI ignition system based on ARM according to claim 4, is characterized in that: detonation sensor peripheral circuit comprises two pinking operational amplifiers, the second diode (D2), the first electric capacity (C1), two groups of bi-directional voltage stabilizing pipes and the first reference diode (D1); The input end in the same way of the first pinking operational amplifier is connected to the output terminal of second operational amplifier of cooling water temperature sensor; The reverse input end of the first pinking operational amplifier and output terminal are connected to the second diode (D2), second diode (D2) is connected to the input end in the same way of the second pinking operational amplifier, in parallel with the first electric capacity (C1) after the parallel connection of two groups of bi-directional voltage stabilizing pipes, then the input end in the same way of the second pinking operational amplifier is connected to, the reverse input end of the second pinking operational amplifier and output terminal are connected to the 17 pin (U17) of microcontroller ADC, and the first reference diode (D1) is connected to the 17 pin (U17) of microcontroller ADC.

6. the automobile PI ignition system based on ARM according to claim 5, is characterized in that: crankshaft position sensor peripheral circuit comprises two crankshaft position sensors, bent axle operational amplifier, multiple resistance, multiple electric capacity and bidirectional trigger diode; first crankshaft position sensor is connected to the reverse input end of bent axle operational amplifier by the first bent axle resistance, second crankshaft position sensor connects the second bent axle resistance and three-crankshaft resistance, second bent axle resistance and the first crankshaft position sensor are connected to the reverse input end of bent axle operational amplifier jointly, three-crankshaft resistance is connected to the input end in the same way of bent axle operational amplifier, bidirectional trigger diode two ends are connected to input end in the same way and the reverse input end of bent axle operational amplifier respectively, the reverse input end the other end that 4th bent axle resistance one end is connected to bent axle operational amplifier is connected to the 6th pin (J6) of microcontroller TIMER circuit by the 5th bent axle resistance, first bent axle electric capacity is connected to the input end in the same way of bent axle operational amplifier, reverse input end and negative pole, second bent axle electric capacity is connected to input end in the same way and the negative pole of bent axle operational amplifier, 6th bent axle resistance is connected to input end in the same way and the negative pole of bent axle operational amplifier, the output terminal of bent axle operational amplifier is connected to the 6th pin (J6) of microcontroller TIMER circuit.

7. the automobile PI ignition system based on ARM according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: cam-position sensor circuit comprises CMPS Camshaft Position Sensor, resistance and photo coupler, CMPS Camshaft Position Sensor is connected to photo coupler by the first cam resistance, and photo coupler is connected to the 5th pin (J5) of microcontroller TIMER circuit together with the second cam resistance.

8. the automobile PI ignition system based on ARM according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: on microcontroller clock road, be also connected with quartz crystal oscillator and electric capacity, quartz crystal oscillator is connected to the 14 pin (G14) and the 15 pin (G15) of clock circuit, and two electric capacity are connected to the 14 pin (G14) and the 15 pin (G15) of clock circuit respectively.

9. utilize the ignition method implemented based on the automobile PI ignition system of ARM described in claim 2, it is characterized in that:

This method adopts multiple branches to call each function module, and ECU main program multi-point sequent is lighted a fire, and ignition module knock rating feedback PI controls the functions such as ignition advance angle, and automatical control system is according to the peak voltage V of sensor output signal after amplifying _pas the evaluation index of pinking, the pinking voltage V that ECU detects _pgenerally change with engine speed, in each sampling period, work as V _pbe greater than pinking judgment standard voltage V _ctime, control unit judges petrol engine generation pinking, and ECU, to the stored counts of pinking number of times, works as V _pwhen being less than pinking judgment standard, control unit judges pinking not to occur, ECU calculates the pinking ratio closing on 100 igniting, by knock rating digital quantity input CPU, the data that real data and ECU storage are demarcated are compared, judge the intensity that pinking produces, when knock rating is greater than desirable detonation rate, ECU ignition procedure regulates according to the size PI of error e and reduces ignition advance angle, ignition advance angle control is within 15 ° of CA, when knock rating is less than desirable detonation rate, ECU regulates increasing ignition angle to approach 15 ° of CA gradually from 10 ° of CA according to the size PI of error e,

Basic spark advance angle has engine speed and load to determine through ECU calculating, basic spark advance angle transfer speed becomes non-linear relation with load, introducing proportional integral Absent measures reduction value object is to improve speed control, eliminate static error, improve control accuracy, pi regulator is linear regulator, and it is by actual measurement knock rating N that PI controls _bas input quantity and desirable detonation rate N _bocompare and form control deviation e, and its ratio, integration are formed controlled quentity controlled variable by linear combination and optimize ignition advance angle, advance angle of engine changes, knock rating is changed, just constitute feedback closed loop to control, each work cycle ECU controls motor quickly and accurately according to knock intensity and is facing under quick-fried state, reaches the control of Optimum spark advance angle;

Pinking feedback PI controls ignition advance angle formula as shown in (1):

in formula: θ is Optimum spark advance angle, unit is a ° CA;

U ₀for basic spark advance angle, determined by the rotating speed of motor and load;

Kp is scaling factor;

N _bfor knock rating is arrived to obtain in actual measurement;

N _bofor desirable detonation rate;

Ti is integration time constant;

E is the error (e=N of actual knock rating and desirable detonation rate _b-N _bo);

The some function modules of main program run time call, complete calling of C language and assembler language, ECU Software for Design defines output port, is convenient to the expansion of function and the renewal of system.Coding in ADS, compiling generates binary bin file, and under Nor Flash pattern, programming is in Nand flash storage, the non-loss of Nand flash storage support program power down.

10. ignition method according to claim 9, is characterized in that: first enter forward path circuit from the signal of sensor input, the signal of input all just will can become the input pulse signal of ECU through input circuit process; The signal that detonation sensor gathers is through the analog amount interface AIN1 of pinking charge signal change-over circuit, detonation signal bandwidth-limited circuit, detonation sensor peripheral circuit input ECU; NTC heat sensitive sensor gathers the analog amount interface AIN0 through cooling-water temperature sensor peripheral circuit input ECU; Crankshaft position sensor peripheral circuit and cam-position sensor circuit input ECU data register GPB0, GPB1 interface; ECU backward channel is designed to multiple spot electronic control ignition and distributes 4 register GPB5, GPB6, GPB7, GPB8 transmission firing data; Fire signal amplifies through overdrive circuit, realizes the igniting of spark coil in each cylinder;

On ARM development board, K2 to K5 pin Default Value is Low level effective, 4 cylinder spark are controlled respectively with K2 to K5 pin, realize the firing order of 1 cylinder → 2, cylinder → 4, cylinder → 3 cylinder, GPB [10:0] is 11 universal I/O ports, the corresponding core board dma memory of spark coil in cylinder one K2 pin, the L5 pin of the corresponding core board ChipSelect of the spark coil in cylinder two storage, the K7 pin of the corresponding core board dma memory of the spark coil in cylinder three; The GPB8 pin of the corresponding core board dma memory of the spark coil in cylinder four;

Define the control bit function of GPBCON register in principal function, it is 01010101 that Binary Code sets gradually from the 11st to the 18th, and configuration K2 to K5 is multi-point sequent igniting output port; Whether port pull-up register GPBUP configured port is forbidden, and ARM9 processor I/O port is all multi-functional port, masks redirect and misoperation that ignore bit prevents function setting; GPBUP arranges corresponding binary digit when being 0, is connected to corresponding port pinout function enables to pull-up; When to arrange corresponding binary digit be 1; Be connected to corresponding port pinout function to pull-up to forbid; Data storage register GPBDAT configured port exports data, and when the corresponding pin of GPB is set to 0, signal exports, pin countless certificate when being set to 1;

1 cylinder fire signal connects K2 pin GPBDAT [10:0] the 6th enable pull-up of binary digit, exports fire signal to pin K2;

3 cylinder fire signals connect K7 pin GPBDAT [10:0] the 8th enable pull-up of binary digit, export fire signal to pin K7;

4 cylinder fire signals connect K5 pin GPBDAT [10:0] the 9th enable pull-up of binary digit, export fire signal to pin K5;

2 cylinder fire signals connect L5 pin GPBDAT [10:0] the 7th enable pull-up of binary digit, export fire signal to pin L5.