CN104486690A - Mobile video transmission optimization method based on TCP (transmission control protocol) - Google Patents
Mobile video transmission optimization method based on TCP (transmission control protocol) Download PDFInfo
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- CN104486690A CN104486690A CN201410827904.1A CN201410827904A CN104486690A CN 104486690 A CN104486690 A CN 104486690A CN 201410827904 A CN201410827904 A CN 201410827904A CN 104486690 A CN104486690 A CN 104486690A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
- H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
- H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
- H04N21/2385—Channel allocation; Bandwidth allocation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/643—Communication protocols
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
Abstract
The invention relates to a mobile video transmission optimization method based on the TCP (transmission control protocol) and belongs to the technical field of wireless communication. The method comprises steps as follows: 1, wireless link packet loss reasons are judged, and different TCP congestion control measures are taken according to different packet loss reasons; 2, video files are transcoded and fragmented, different classes for video fragments with different code rates are defined, and different classes of video fragments are scheduled according to user channel states; 3, during processing of video message retransmission caused by network link error codes, the lower classes of fragments are directly retransmitted, and for the higher classes of video fragments, if the total number of retransmission times exceeds a certain number, a base station requests user channel information again and requests the lower classes of video fragments according to the user channel information again. Better mobile video services can be provided for users due to change of three frameworks. Compared with existing mobile video services, the method has higher adaptability to the variability of wireless channels.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of video transmission method, particularly a kind of mobile video transmission optimization method based on Transmission Control Protocol, belongs to wireless communication technology field.
Background technology
Along with continuous change, the development of wireless network and mobile device, the scope of the mobile service that mobile operator provides constantly expands, and service quality is become better and better.People enjoy that various mobile service brings simultaneously easily, more and more higher to the quality of service requirement of mobile service.In various mobile service, people have very high consumption demand to mobile video business.In recent years, mobile video business relies on its own advantages to achieve very large development, and remains a kind of very high speed and constantly increase; In future, mobile video business will become the main flow of mobile network's business.
Wireless network environment and cable network environment make a big difference, and stability and the channel conditions of wireless network are more far short of what is expected than cable network.Wireless network environment has the features such as the error rate is high, transmission bandwidth is low, the change of mobility, channel circumstance is fast.This makes the transmission environment factor considered in mobile video business transmitting procedure be different from cable video business.Originally for many unconformable problems have appearred in the Transmission Control Protocol of wired networks design in wireless network environment, conventional TCP protocols mainly contains the following aspects defect in wireless environment application:
Traditional Transmission Control Protocol, in wireless network environment application, by checking that the TCP acknowledgment (ACK) of mobile terminal loopback detects error of transmission, and cannot detect the reason causing error of transmission.TCP, to all link transmission mistakes, all supposes that the generation of packet loss is caused by network congestion.This hypothesis is set up in cable network environment, but concerning inapplicable wireless network environment.Lack the measure of effective link transmission error handle, once link detecting goes out packet loss, TCP just starts single congestion control treatment measures, after re-transmission packet loss, reduces data transmission rate end to end, guarantees that link congestion is removed.In wireless network environment, if the base station that the reason of packet loss of link is higher link error code or mobile subscriber switches, but not the link congestion of mobile network, so the congestion control measures of conventional TCP is just no longer applicable, and this traditional congestion control measures will cause the decline of throughput and the increase of transmission delay.
In the wireless network, band resource is limited, and the band bandwidth that each mobile terminal is assigned to is fewer than cable network a lot, and this makes the data transmission rate of TCP source to be restricted, and the congestion control window of TCP is less.Under these conditions, once have data-bag lost in link, transmitting terminal can not trigger Fast retransmission process by because not receiving abundant user's loopback confirmation, and can only be recovered by timeout mechanism, the service efficiency that this timeout mechanism reduces frequency band adds transmission delay simultaneously.
In wired and wireless two kinds of networks, the reason that TCP produces packet loss is not identical: wire message way quality is good, and transmission error rates is lower, and packet loss reason is mainly due to link congestion; The error rate of wireless channel is higher, and link error code is the main cause of TCP packet loss.In video frequency transmission optimizing, the reason of TCP packet loss distinguished, adopt different congested treatment measures to be necessary very much, it largely can improve the throughput of link, ensures the quality of mobile video business, improves the QoE of user.
ITU-T H.264 version adopts gradable compression coding mechanism to video file, adopts different compression methods, produce the video stream file of different code check to same video source file.These different bit-rate video files can meet different user's requests.Gradable compression coding mechanism is that the development of mobile video business provides a good direction, and namely the user of different channels condition asks the video file of different code check, and this has good adaptive capacity to changeable wireless network environment.
In sum, in wireless network, the loss of packet and propagation delay time are mainly because the characteristic of self of wireless link caused, as the unsteadiness of channel, the direct interference etc. of outside noise.Make traditional Transmission Control Protocol for wired networks design in wireless network environment, lack adaptive capacity, good control effects can not be obtained in wireless data transmission.
When traditional be the Transmission Control Protocol of wired networks design inapplicable under wireless network environment time, be necessary to make improvements, carry out different congestion control process to different congestion causes, this is significant to the development of the video traffic of wireless network.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to optimize the efficiency of transmission of mobile video business datum in wireless network environment, a kind of mobile video transmission optimization method based on Transmission Control Protocol is proposed, improve the operating efficiency of existing Transmission Control Protocol in wireless network application, improve network throughput, reduce transmission delay; Between the image quality of video, picture continuity and real-time three, find a kind of balance, improve the QoE of user's mobile video business.
Thought of the present invention judges wireless link packet loss reason, adopts different TCP congestion control measures according to different packet loss reason, improves Transmission Control Protocol efficiency of transmission in the wireless network; Transcoding and burst are carried out to video file, to different bit-rate video burst definition different brackets, according to subscriber channel node state scheduling different brackets video slicing; Meanwhile, when the video message re-transmission that process causes because of network link error code, special retransmission process is carried out.The change of these three kinds of frameworks can provide better mobile video QoS of survice for user.
The object of the invention is to solve by the following technical programs:
Based on a mobile video transmission optimization method for Transmission Control Protocol, comprise the following steps:
Step one: network server end carries out transcoding, burst carry out classification process to burst to video source file, obtains video slicing description document;
Video slicing description document comprises video slicing sequence number, video slicing cycle, video slicing size, video slicing code rate and video slicing grade etc.; This processing procedure is specifically completed by following steps:
A. the webserver carries out transcoding to video source file, obtains different bit-rate video file;
B. the webserver carries out burst to obtaining video file in step a, generating video burst description document; Video slicing description document comprises the contents such as video slicing sequence number, slicing cycle, burst size, burst code rate;
C. the webserver is measured video slicing, and mark the rating information K of video slicing, i.e. video slicing grade, K is more than or equal to 1, is less than or equal to 5;
D. video slicing grade K is added in video slicing description document, obtain complete video burst descriptor;
Step 2: user asks video traffic, sends subscriber channel information to base station;
A. user is to server request video traffic;
B. user calculates channel status, obtains channel SINR value, sends subscriber channel information to base station; Subscriber channel information comprises the content such as subscriber channel bandwidth, channel SINR;
Step 3: base station receives user channel information and webserver video slicing description document, determines the video slicing type of user video traffic scheduling, i.e. video slicing grade, and after burst corresponding to network server end request, issues user according to the type;
A. base station receives the video slicing description document that the webserver sends, and parses the grade K of each video slicing, forms video slicing grade form;
B. the video slicing type that will dispatch is determined in base station according to subscriber channel information and video slicing information;
Step 4: base station judges the producing cause of packet loss of link, generates Transmission Control Protocol congestion control measures information, and determines the retransmission mechanism losing video message;
A. base station judges the producing cause of packet loss of link;
1. base station calculates the minimum RTT value minrtt when recording in average round-trip time RTT (Round Trip Time) the value avertt and transmitting procedure of top n message end-to-end path;
2. calculation expectation throughput (expected) and goodput (actual):
Wherein: cwnd is congestion window size
3. according to the ratio r atio of actural and expected throughput, ratio is compared with threshold value M, judges packet loss of link reason:
As ratio >=M, packet loss of link reason is link error code;
As 0 < ratio < M, packet loss of link reason is link congestion;
As ratio=0, packet loss of link reason is that link disconnects.
B. base station is according to packet loss of link reason determination Transmission Control Protocol congestion control treatment measures information;
1.TCP protocol congestion control measure comprise the transmission process of link error code, link congestion transmission process, link disconnection transmission process;
2. when packet loss reason is link error code, keep current send window, ensure the high link utilization of network, i.e. link error code transmission process; When packet loss reason is link congestion, reduce Slow start threshold, reduce congestion window, i.e. link congestion transmission process; When packet loss reason is link disconnection, suspends and send data, after link-recovery, send data after reducing congestion window, namely link disconnects transmission process;
C. base station determines the retransmission mechanism of video message according to the grade K of video slicing and packet loss producing cause;
1. packet loss of link reason is link congestion and link when disconnecting, and all grade video slicings all retransmit;
2., when packet loss of link reason is link error code, junior burst directly retransmits;
3., when packet loss of link reason is link error code, for the video slicing that higher grade, add up the number of retransmissions T that it is total, if T is more than or equal to threshold value R
th, base station asks subscriber channel information again, and again asks inferior grade video slicing according to subscriber channel information;
Step 5: the request scheduling process of each video slicing, all by step 2, three, four processes form, video traffic terminates rear stopping.
Beneficial effect
The polytropy of the inventive method to wireless channel has better adaptive capacity.Compared with existing mobile video business, adopt after the inventive method, the picture fluency of user video business and real-time can be improved significantly, this improvement shows all the more obvious in relatively poor subscriber channel state; Meanwhile, the image quality of user video business can meet relative users demand.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the configuration diagram of Video Transform Controlling Protocol MCP in transport layer;
Fig. 2 is the header file format schematic diagram of Video Transform Controlling Protocol MCP;
Fig. 3 is the retransmission mechanism schematic diagram of the video message determined according to video slicing grade.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail, also describe technical problem and the beneficial effect of technical solution of the present invention solution simultaneously, it is pointed out that described embodiment is only intended to be convenient to the understanding of the present invention, and any restriction effect is not play to it.
The video of 1 minute is asked to be described the inventive method for mobile subscriber below.
Step one, the webserver process video source file
A. the webserver carries out transcoding to video source file, obtains 545Kbps, 876Kbps, 1800Kbps, 3500Kbps, 8500Kbps five kinds of bit-rate video streams;
B. carry out burst to five kinds of bit-rate video files, video per minute leaf length is 5s, is divided into into 12, obtains video slicing description document;
C. carry out classification process to video slicing, the definition of video slicing grade is relevant to the code rate of video slicing, and concrete classification is as following table:
Table 1 code check and burst grade corresponding relation
| Code check (kbps) | Burst grade (1 ~ 5) |
| 545 | 1 |
| 876 | 2 |
| 1800 | 3 |
| 3500 | 4 |
| 8500 | 5 |
D. video slicing rating information is added in the video slicing description document of b;
Step 2, user ask video traffic, send subscriber channel information to base station
User detects descending public reference signal, and recording channel SINR is 5dB; Channel width 15kH and channel SINR 5dB information are sent to base station.
Step 3, base station determine that user video business needs schedule video burst type
Base station calculates subscriber channel throughput 2000kbps according to subscriber channel bandwidth 15kH and channel SINR 5dB in conjunction with other information, and the grade of inquiry video slicing grade form determination schedule video burst sequence number 5 is 3.
Step 4, base station generate Transmission Control Protocol congestion control measures information, determine the selection of congestion control measures and retransmit loss video message
A. there is packet loss in video slicing sequence number 5 video message in link transmission, and it is 1700kbps that base station records current goodput, expects that throughput is 2100kbps; Ratio=1700/2100>M=0.8, determines that packet loss of link producing cause is error code;
The one of congestion control measures information is proposed, Video Transform Controlling Protocol (media control protocol, MCP) in the present invention, it is in the upper end of transport layer Transmission Control Protocol, work together with TCP, form the video file transfer framework of a kind of MCP/TCP/IP, as shown in Figure 1.
The packet header concrete structure of MCP is as shown in Figure 2:
The packet header length of MCP is 16bits, and wherein 4bits is used as reserved;
1) length of VER:VER is 2bit, and its implication is the label of MCP version;
2) length of X:X is 1bit, represents to draw together exhibition header file in addition when it is 1 except standard packet headers;
3) length of M:M is 1bit, indicates the ending of application data when it is 1;
4) length of D:D is 2bits, and it represents the type of transmission data, only considers text and media two type in MCP first version;
5) length of NET:NET is 3bits, is used for distinguishing transmission channel kinds (wired or wireless), optimizes Congestion Avoidance and measures;
6) length of OPT:OPT is 3bits, and it is used for representing the congested different controlling mechanisms of TCP.
7) length of EXT:EXT is 4bits, and it is the headspace of MCP.
Base station generates congestion control measures information:
| MCP | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
B. the OPT of base station parsing MCP obtains congestion control measures is the transmission process of link error code, keeps current send window, ensures the high link utilization of network;
C. the re-transmission total degree of video slicing sequence number 5 is 13 be greater than threshold value R
th=10, again ask user SINR value to be 3dB, select video slicing grade be 2 burst carry out the re-transmission of video slicing sequence number 5, and inform that user abandons former video slicing file;
Step 5, remaining video burst complete transmission by step 2, three, four.
In this example, select appropriate video burst type to dispatch according to subscriber channel situation, and carry out the selection of suitable congested treatment measures, fluency and the real-time of video traffic can be ensured.Cause efficiency of transmission by time low when subscriber channel state changes, according to retransmission mechanism adjustment scheduling scheme, the feature of wireless channel instability can be adapted to better.
Above-described specific descriptions; the object of inventing, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; the protection range be not intended to limit the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1., based on a mobile video transmission optimization method for Transmission Control Protocol, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
Step one, network server end carry out transcoding, burst to video source file, and carry out classification process to burst, obtain video slicing description document, comprise the rating information of burst in this video slicing description document;
Step 2, user ask video traffic, send subscriber channel information to base station;
Step 3, base station receives user channel information and webserver video slicing description document, determine the video slicing type of user video traffic scheduling, and after burst corresponding to network server end request, issue user according to the type;
Step 4, base station judge the producing cause of packet loss of link, generate Transmission Control Protocol congestion control measures information, determine the re-transmission measure of losing video message; The producing cause of described packet loss of link comprises link error code, link congestion and link and disconnects three kinds; Described Transmission Control Protocol congestion control measures comprises the transmission process of link error code, link congestion transmission process, link disconnection transmission process three kinds;
The request scheduling process of step 5, each video slicing, all by step 2, three, four processes form, video traffic terminates rear stopping.
2. a kind of mobile video transmission optimization method based on Transmission Control Protocol according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described classification is carried out to burst can by the definition of video slicing grade be carried out corresponding with the code rate of video slicing.
3. a kind of mobile video transmission optimization method based on Transmission Control Protocol according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the code rate corresponding relation of described video slicing grade and video slicing is as follows:
4. a kind of mobile video transmission optimization method based on Transmission Control Protocol according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described Transmission Control Protocol congestion control measures information is the MCP packet header of 16, is made up of following information:
1) length of VER:VER is 2bit, and its implication is the label of MCP version;
2) length of X:X is 1bit, represents to draw together exhibition header file in addition when it is 1 except standard packet headers;
3) length of M:M is 1bit, indicates the ending of application data when it is 1;
4) length of D:D is 2bits, and it represents the type of transmission data, only considers text and media two type in MCP first version;
5) length of NET:NET is 3bits, is used for distinguishing transmission channel kinds (wired or wireless), optimizes Congestion Avoidance and measures;
6) length of OPT:OPT is 3bits, and it is used for representing different TCP congestion control measures.
7) length of EXT:EXT is 4bits, and it is the headspace of MCP.
5. a kind of mobile video transmission optimization method based on Transmission Control Protocol according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described base station judges that the producing cause of packet loss of link can be realized by following steps further:
1. base station calculates the minimum RTT value minrtt when recording in the average round-trip time RTT value avertt and transmitting procedure of top n message end-to-end path;
2. calculation expectation throughput expected and goodput actual:
Wherein: cwnd is congestion window size;
3. according to the ratio r atio of actural and expected throughput, ratio is compared with threshold value M, judges packet loss of link reason:
As ratio >=M, packet loss of link reason is link error code;
As 0 < ratio < M, packet loss of link reason is link congestion;
As ratio=0, packet loss of link reason is that link disconnects.
6. a kind of mobile video transmission optimization method based on Transmission Control Protocol according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described M=0.8.
7. a kind of mobile video transmission optimization method based on Transmission Control Protocol according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described generation Transmission Control Protocol congestion control measures information comprises the corresponding relation set up between packet loss of link reason and Transmission Control Protocol congestion control measures, and particular content is as follows:
When packet loss reason is link error code, keep current send window, ensure the high link utilization of network, i.e. link error code transmission process; When packet loss reason is link congestion, reduce Slow start threshold, reduce congestion window, i.e. link congestion transmission process; When packet loss reason is link disconnection, suspends and send data, after link-recovery, send data after reducing congestion window, namely link disconnects transmission process.
8. according to the adaptive optimization method that the arbitrary described a kind of eSRVCC handoff parameter of claim 1-7 is arranged, it is characterized in that: described to determine to lose the retransmission mechanism of video message be determine according to the grade K of video slicing and packet loss producing cause, and particular content is as follows:
1. packet loss of link reason is link congestion and link when disconnecting, and all grade video slicings all retransmit;
2., when packet loss of link reason is link error code, junior burst directly retransmits;
3., when packet loss of link reason is link error code, for the video slicing that higher grade, add up the number of retransmissions T that it is total, if T is more than or equal to threshold value R
th, base station asks subscriber channel information again, and again asks inferior grade video slicing according to subscriber channel information.
9. the adaptive optimization method of a kind of eSRVCC handoff parameter setting according to claim 8, is characterized in that: R
th=10.
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| CN105634875A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2016-06-01 | 中国科学院计算技术研究所 | Method and system for identifying packet loss type in data transmission of reliable transmission protocol |
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| WO2018176494A1 (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2018-10-04 | SZ DJI Technology Co., Ltd. | Method and system for video transmission |
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| CN113541832A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-10-22 | 青岛海信移动通信技术股份有限公司 | Terminal, network transmission quality detection method and storage medium |
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| CN113541832A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-10-22 | 青岛海信移动通信技术股份有限公司 | Terminal, network transmission quality detection method and storage medium |
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