CN104485194B - A kind of variable magnetic force line distribution proportion electric magnet - Google Patents
A kind of variable magnetic force line distribution proportion electric magnet Download PDFInfo
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- CN104485194B CN104485194B CN201410768552.7A CN201410768552A CN104485194B CN 104485194 B CN104485194 B CN 104485194B CN 201410768552 A CN201410768552 A CN 201410768552A CN 104485194 B CN104485194 B CN 104485194B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of variable magnetic force line distribution proportion electric magnet, including guide pin bushing (2), yoke (3), control coil (4), magnetism-isolating loop (5), basin shape pole shoe (6), valve interface block (7), push rod (8) and dynamic iron core (10), the work surface of described valve interface block (7) and dynamic iron core (10) is respectively the curved-line surface of revolution of indent and the curved-line surface of revolution of evagination, the gyroaxis of two curved-line surface of revolution is all along dynamic iron core axis, its bus is conic section and shape is similar, when dynamic iron core (10) is in the maximum position of stroke, it is a narrow anchor ring with the contact surface of valve interface block (7).The present invention is not on the premise of changing the basic structure of existing proportion electro-magnet, profile and interface size, the linear performance of proportion electro-magnet can be significantly improved, additionally, due to dynamic iron core when the maximum position of stroke the least with the contact area of valve interface block work surface, therefore can cancel the magnetism isolating spacer used by existing proportion electro-magnet and make structure simplify.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of proportion electro-magnet, particularly relate to a kind of variable magnetic force line distribution proportion electromagnetism
Ferrum.
Background technology
As one of critical component in electrohydraulic proportional controller part, the function of proportion electro-magnet be by than
Example controls current signal converting to force or the displacement of amplifier input.Therefore, electro-hydraulic proportional control technology
The displacement force characteristic of comparative example electric magnet proposes strict requirements, i.e. proportion electro-magnet must possess
The displacement force characteristic curve of level, in its effective impulse stroke, when coil current one timing, its
Power output keeps constant, and unrelated with the displacement of dynamic iron core (armature).
The structure of existing proportion electro-magnet as it is shown in figure 1, by plastic end cover 1, guide pin bushing 2, yoke 3,
Control coil 4, magnetism-isolating loop 5, basin shape pole shoe 6, valve interface block 7, push rod 8, magnetism isolating spacer 9, dynamic ferrum
Core 10 and end cap interface block 11 form, wherein except plastic end cover 1, magnetism-isolating loop 5, coil 4, push rod
8, outside magnetism isolating spacer 9, remaining parts is made by permeability magnetic material.The operation principle of this proportion electro-magnet figure
(for clarity, figure deletes the hatching of part) as shown in Figure 2: produced by coil 4
The magnetic line of force be divided into two branch road Φ 1 and Φ 2 through dynamic working gas gap between iron core 10 and valve interface block 7,
Wherein the dynamic iron core 10 of Φ 1 branch road warp is axially through the working gas gap bottom basin shape pole shoe, then through valve interface
Block 7, yoke 3, guide pin bushing 2, return to dynamic iron core 10 and form Guan Bi ring；Φ 2 branch road is through dynamic iron core 10
The oblique tapered peripheral by basin shape pole shoe, arrive guide pin bushing front end, then through valve interface block 7, yoke 3,
Guide pin bushing 2, returns to dynamic iron core 10 and forms Guan Bi ring.Branch road Φ 1 and Φ 2 produces electromagnetism to dynamic iron core 10
The axial thrust load of power is respectively F1 and F2, and it makes a concerted effort to be the driving force F that dynamic iron core is subject to, such as Fig. 3
Shown in.
From the figure 3, it may be seen that existing proportion electro-magnet relies primarily on the basin shape pole shoe of special shape by the magnetic line of force
It is divided into two branch roads, adjusts two magnetic line of force branch roads by the relative dimensions of basin shape pole shoe and produced axially
The relative size of electromagnetism component, thus on the displacement force curve of dynamic iron core, produce one section of approximation water
The flat range of linearity (i.e. the impulse stroke of proportion electro-magnet).Owing to pole shoe shape is relatively fixed, design
Time be difficult to accurately adjust the relative size of two branch road electromagnetic forces, cause existing proportion electro-magnet displacement force
The problems such as characteristics linearity degree is poor, and impulse stroke is relatively short.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of displacement force characteristics linearity degree good, impulse stroke is longer
Variable magnetic force line distribution proportion electric magnet.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the solution that the present invention uses is: a kind of variable magnetic force line distribution proportion
Electric magnet, including guide pin bushing, yoke, control coil, magnetism-isolating loop, valve interface block, push rod and dynamic iron core,
Dynamic iron core, valve interface block and control coil are installed in yoke, wherein move iron core and valve interface block along axle
Being distributed forwards, backwards, control coil is positioned at dynamic iron core and the outside of valve interface block, guide pin bushing and magnetism-isolating loop are located at
Dynamic iron core, between valve interface block and control coil, push rod is connected on dynamic iron core and passes valve interface block,
Guide pin bushing includes leading portion guide pin bushing and back segment guide pin bushing, and magnetism-isolating loop is between front and rear sections guide pin bushing, and described valve connects
The operative end surface of buccal mass and dynamic iron core is respectively the curved-line surface of revolution of indent and the curved-line surface of revolution of evagination,
The gyroaxis of two curved-line surface of revolution is all along dynamic iron core axis, and its bus is conic section and shape is similar,
When dynamic iron core is in the maximum position of stroke, it is a narrow anchor ring with the contact surface of valve interface block.
The bus of above-mentioned two curved-line surface of revolution is hyperbola, parabola or elliptic arc.
The bus of above-mentioned two curved-line surface of revolution is made up of multistage conic section smooth connection.
Technical solution of the present invention can be not only used for unidirectional proportion electro-magnet it can also be used to two-way proportional solenoid.
Due to the fact that the working gas gap (revolution of the special shape formed between dynamic iron core and valve interface block
Body basin shape pole shoe), therefore when dynamic iron core is in the diverse location of its displacement stroke, former according to minimum reluctance
Then, different distributions can be formed when the magnetic line of force that control coil sends is by working gas gap.When dynamic iron core
When displacement is less, working gas gap magnetic resistance is relatively big, but because of magnetic line of force directions most in working gas gap with
Axis direction angle is the least, therefore electromagnetic force axial thrust load is bigger；When dynamic iron core displacement is bigger, work
Air-gap reluctance is less, but due to magnetic line of force directions most in working gas gap with axis direction angle very
Greatly, therefore electromagnetic force axial thrust load is less, and therefore, dynamic iron core is suffered axial in major part displacement stroke
Electromagnetic force can keep relative stability, and i.e. realizes the displacement force characteristic curve of level, electric magnet displacement
The force characteristic linearity is preferable, and dynamic iron core impulse stroke is the longest.
The present invention is not changing the basic structure of existing proportion electro-magnet, profile and the premise of interface size
Under, determine dynamic iron core and the shape and size parameter of valve interface block operative end surface bus by accurately calculating,
The magnetic line of force distribution of its working gas gap internal magnetic field when can accurately control the work of dynamic iron core, it is thus possible to significantly
Improve the linear performance (displacement force characteristics linearity degree and impulse stroke width) of proportion electro-magnet, separately
Outward, due to dynamic iron core when the maximum position of stroke the least with the contact area of valve interface block work surface,
Magnetic saturation occurs at this, therefore axial electromagnetic force is little, therefore can cancel used by existing proportion electro-magnet
Magnetism isolating spacer and make structure simplify.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of conventional proportional electric magnet.
Fig. 2 is the fundamental diagram of conventional proportional electric magnet shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the displacement force characteristic curve schematic diagram of conventional proportional electric magnet shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is that the structural representation of the unidirectional proportion electro-magnet of the present invention is (when dynamic iron core is in relatively thin tail sheep
Time).
Fig. 5 is the structural representation when dynamic iron core is in larger displacement of the unidirectional proportion electro-magnet shown in Fig. 4
Figure.
Fig. 6 is that the present invention moves iron core Force Calculation schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is the displacement force characteristic curve schematic diagram of proportion electro-magnet of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of two-way proportional solenoid of the present invention.
In Fig. 13: 1 plastic end cover 2 guide pin bushing 3 yoke 4 control coil
5 magnetism-isolating loop 6 basin shape pole shoe 7 valve interface block 8 push rod 9 magnetism isolating spacers
10 move iron core 11 end cap interface block
In Fig. 47: 1 plastic end cover 2 guide pin bushing 3 yoke 4 control coil
5 magnetism-isolating loop 6 basin shape pole shoe 7 valve interface block 8 push rod 9 working gas gaps
10 move iron core 11 end cap interface block
In Fig. 8: 1 yoke 2 control coil 3 moves iron core 4 magnetism-isolating loop
5 guide pin bushing 6 push rod 7 valve interface block 8 magnetism-isolating loops
Detailed description of the invention
With embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The unidirectional proportion electro-magnet of embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, the unidirectional proportion electro-magnet of the present invention includes by leading that permeability magnetic material is made
Set 2, yoke 3, valve interface block 7, dynamic iron core 10, end cap interface block 11 and by non-magnet material system
Plastic end cover 1, control coil 4, magnetism-isolating loop 5 and the push rod 8 become, wherein moves iron core 10, valve interface
Block 7 and control coil 4 are installed in yoke 3, and control coil 4 is positioned at dynamic iron core 10 and valve interface block
The outside of 7, guide pin bushing 2 and magnetism-isolating loop 5 be located at dynamic iron core 10 and valve interface block 7 and control coil 4 it
Between, push rod 8 is connected on dynamic iron core 10 and through valve interface block 7, guide pin bushing 2 include leading portion guide pin bushing with
Back segment guide pin bushing, magnetism-isolating loop 5 is between front and rear sections guide pin bushing.The operative end surface of described valve interface block 7
For the Hyperbola rotary surface of indent, the Hyperbola rotary surface that operative end surface is evagination of dynamic iron core 10, two
The gyroaxis of Hyperbola rotary surface is all along the axis of dynamic iron core 10, and its shape of generatrix, size are similar, bent
Rate is slightly different, and working gas gap 9 the most between defines the revolving body basin of a special shape
Shape pole shoe 6, the fine difference in curvature makes dynamic iron core 10 reach two operative end surface during maximum displacement
Contact surface is a narrow anchor ring.
For calculating axial electromagnetic force F suffered by dynamic iron core 10x, can take up an official post at dynamic iron core 10 and take a bit, mistake
This point take an axial width level off to 0 micro-loop face (as shown in Figure 6), this its area of micro-loop face is dS,
Produced electromagnetic force size is dFx, its direction and electric magnet axis angle are θ (as shown in Figure 6),
Then according to Theory of Electromagnetic Field, have:
In above formula:
dFx: the axial thrust load of electromagnetic force suffered by dynamic iron core 10 micro-loop face；
D φ: the magnetic flux (wb) on dynamic iron core 10 micro-loop face；
μ0: permeability of vacuum (constant)
DS: dynamic iron core 10 micro-loop face area
θ: electromagnetic force and electric magnet axis angle suffered by dynamic iron core 10 micro-loop face；
E: magnetomotive force；
DG: the micro-magnetic conductance corresponding to the sent magnetic line of force in dynamic iron core 10 micro-loop face
To dFxAlong dynamic iron core 10 work surface bus integration, i.e. can obtain dynamic iron core 10 and appoint at stroke
Axial electromagnetic force suffered during meaning position, it may be assumed that
Fx=∫ dFx
If dynamic iron core 10 work surface bus equation is: a1x2+b1y2+c1=0；
Valve interface block 7 work surface bus equation is: a2x2+b2y2+c2=0；
Then above formula can be written as:
From above formula, micro-magnetic conductance dG, electromagnetic force and electric magnet axis angle θ are conic section ginseng
Number (a1,b1,c1,a2,b2,c2) function, and along with the increase (to the right) of dynamic iron core 10 work shift,
Micro-magnetic conductance dG is gradually increased, angle theta is also gradually increased, and cos (θ) value reduces.Therefore, if according to
Electric magnet performance requirement designs suitable conic section parameter (a1,b1,c1,a2,b2,c2), can ensure micro-
The amplitude that magnetic conductance dG increases is close with the amplitude that cos (θ) value reduces, and makes iron core 10 in whole motion
Displacement force characteristic curve on stroke is as it is shown in fig. 7, have the good linearity and wider linear
Region.
Calculated by careful design and determine dynamic iron core 10 and the shape of valve interface block 7 work surface bus
And dimensional parameters, dynamic iron core 10 magnetic of working gas gap 9 internal magnetic field in stroke can be accurately controlled
The line of force is distributed.When working gas gap 9 axial dimension is bigger when less (move iron core 10 displacement),
The magnetic line of force is less with axis angle, and suffered by dynamic iron core 10, the axial thrust load of electromagnetic force is bigger；Work as work
When acting air gap 9 axial dimension is less when bigger (move iron core 10 displacement), the magnetic line of force and axis
Angle is relatively big, and suffered by dynamic iron core 10, the axial thrust load of electromagnetic force is less；Therefore, dynamic iron core 10
Displacement force characteristic curve in whole movement travel as it is shown in fig. 7, with existing ratio electromagnetism
Shifting force characteristic curve (such as Fig. 3) of ferrum is compared, the displacement force of proportion electro-magnet of the present invention
The characteristic linearity is more preferable, and impulse stroke width the most substantially increases, it is thus possible to be effectively improved
The service behaviour of proportion electro-magnet, simultaneously as dynamic iron core 10 and the work surface of valve interface block 7
Shape of generatrix approximates, and when dynamic iron core 10 reaches maximum displacement, the contact surface of two work surfaces is one
Narrow anchor ring, owing to contact area is the least, therefore will appear from magnetic saturation on anchor ring, dynamic iron core 10 institute
Less by electromagnetic force, thus without using existing magnetism isolating spacer.
The present invention moves the operative end surface of iron core 10 and valve interface block 7 and bus also can be used to be parabola or ellipse
The surface of revolution of circular arc, it is possible to use the curved-line surface of revolution that bus is made up of multistage conic section smooth connection.
Embodiment 2 two-way proportional solenoid
Yoke 1 that as shown in Figure 8, two-way proportional solenoid of the present invention includes being made up of permeability magnetic material,
Guide pin bushing 5, dynamic iron core 3, valve interface block 7 and the control coil 2 being made up of non-magnet material, magnetism-isolating loop
4,8 and push rod 6, described yoke 1, control coil 2, valve interface block 7 and push rod 6 are two,
Symmetrical distribution, is connected by magnetism-isolating loop 8 between two yokes 3, control coil 2 and valve interface block 7
Be installed in the yoke 1 of homonymy, dynamic iron core 3 between left and right valve interface block 7, push rod 6 points
It is not fixed on the two ends of dynamic iron core 3.Guide pin bushing 5 and magnetism-isolating loop 8 are located at dynamic iron core 3 and valve interface block 7
And between control coil 2, guide pin bushing 5 is made up of leading portion guide pin bushing, stage casing guide pin bushing and back segment guide pin bushing, front
It is provided with magnetism-isolating loop 4 between section guide pin bushing and stage casing guide pin bushing and between stage casing guide pin bushing and back segment guide pin bushing.
In the present embodiment, the elliptic arc surface of revolution that operative end surface is indent of left and right valve interface block 7,
The elliptic arc surface of revolution that two operative end surface are evagination of dynamic iron core 3, returning of all elliptic arc surfaces of revolution
Rotating shaft is all along the axis of dynamic iron core 3, and its shape of generatrix, size are similar, and only curvature is slightly different, bent
It is a narrow ring that fine difference in rate makes dynamic iron core 10 reach the contact surface of two work surfaces during maximum displacement
Face.
The foregoing is only the specific embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that skill common to this area
Art personnel are on the premise of without departing from use principle of the present invention, it is also possible to do some modification and improvement, also
Should be regarded as invention protection domain.
Claims (3)
1. a variable magnetic force line distribution proportion electric magnet, including guide pin bushing (2), yoke (3), control line
Circle (4), magnetism-isolating loop (5), valve interface block (7), push rod (8) and dynamic iron core (10), dynamic iron core
(10), valve interface block (7) and control coil (4) be installed in yoke (3), wherein move iron core
(10) being distributed before and after vertically with valve interface block (7), control coil (4) is positioned at dynamic iron core (10)
It is located at dynamic iron core (10), valve interface block with the outside of valve interface block (7), guide pin bushing and magnetism-isolating loop (5)
(7) and between control coil (4), it is upper and wear that push rod (8) is connected to dynamic iron core (10)
Crossing valve interface block (7), guide pin bushing (2) includes that leading portion guide pin bushing and back segment guide pin bushing, magnetism-isolating loop (5) are positioned at
Between front and rear sections guide pin bushing (2), it is characterised in that: described valve interface block (7) and dynamic iron core (10)
Operative end surface be respectively the curved-line surface of revolution of indent and the curved-line surface of revolution of evagination, two curved-line surface of revolution
Gyroaxis all along dynamic iron core axis, its bus is conic section and shape is similar, when dynamic iron core (10)
When being in the maximum position of stroke, it is a narrow anchor ring with the contact surface of valve interface block (7).
A kind of variable magnetic force line distribution proportion electric magnet the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The bus of two curved-line surface of revolution is hyperbola, parabola or elliptic arc.
A kind of variable magnetic force line distribution proportion electric magnet the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The bus of two curved-line surface of revolution is made up of multistage conic section smooth connection.
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| CN201410768552.7A CN104485194B (en) | 2014-12-14 | 2014-12-14 | A kind of variable magnetic force line distribution proportion electric magnet |
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| CN104485194B true CN104485194B (en) | 2016-08-17 |
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| CN114877103B (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-10-21 | 星宇电子(宁波)有限公司 | High-voltage electric proportional valve |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4605918A (en) * | 1984-03-20 | 1986-08-12 | La Telemecanique Electrique | High speed current maximum tripping device |
| CN2127802Y (en) * | 1992-07-10 | 1993-03-03 | 陶雷云 | Two-way electro-magnet |
| CN2309472Y (en) * | 1997-11-05 | 1999-03-03 | 贺传璞 | Automatic closing electric control valve |
| JPH11345710A (en) * | 1998-06-02 | 1999-12-14 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Solenoid plunger |
| JP2000323323A (en) * | 1999-05-10 | 2000-11-24 | Toko Electric Corp | Plunger type magnet device |
| CN204315326U (en) * | 2014-12-14 | 2015-05-06 | 成都大学 | A kind of variable magnetic force line distribution proportion electromagnet |
-
2014
- 2014-12-14 CN CN201410768552.7A patent/CN104485194B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4605918A (en) * | 1984-03-20 | 1986-08-12 | La Telemecanique Electrique | High speed current maximum tripping device |
| CN2127802Y (en) * | 1992-07-10 | 1993-03-03 | 陶雷云 | Two-way electro-magnet |
| CN2309472Y (en) * | 1997-11-05 | 1999-03-03 | 贺传璞 | Automatic closing electric control valve |
| JPH11345710A (en) * | 1998-06-02 | 1999-12-14 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Solenoid plunger |
| JP2000323323A (en) * | 1999-05-10 | 2000-11-24 | Toko Electric Corp | Plunger type magnet device |
| CN204315326U (en) * | 2014-12-14 | 2015-05-06 | 成都大学 | A kind of variable magnetic force line distribution proportion electromagnet |
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