CN104479732A - 一种原油破乳剂 - Google Patents
一种原油破乳剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104479732A CN104479732A CN201410649369.5A CN201410649369A CN104479732A CN 104479732 A CN104479732 A CN 104479732A CN 201410649369 A CN201410649369 A CN 201410649369A CN 104479732 A CN104479732 A CN 104479732A
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- crude oil
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- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl butylhexanol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- -1 polyoxy silane-polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004141 Sodium laurylsulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)O ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920002503 polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 abstract 5
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 abstract 5
- RCEAADKTGXTDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N OS(O)(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC[Na] Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC[Na] RCEAADKTGXTDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- ZQTYRTSKQFQYPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH2]O[SiH3] ZQTYRTSKQFQYPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LBPACUJFGRCWDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L Cl[Mg]Cl.[Na] Chemical compound Cl[Mg]Cl.[Na] LBPACUJFGRCWDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000004523 agglutinating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002569 water oil cream Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G33/00—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G33/04—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils with chemical means
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种原油破乳剂，其特征在于，包括以下组分，其重量百分比为聚氧乙烯醚类干剂30～40％，润湿剂5～15％，十二烷基硫酸钠5～10％，氯化铵4～10％，聚醚改性三硅氧烷6～12％、甲醇20～30％。其中聚氧乙烯醚类干剂为聚氧硅烷-聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯十二醇醚和丙二醇聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯醚。本发明提供的聚氧乙烯醚类原油破乳剂具备了良好的表面性能和渗透能力以及优良的润湿性，可迅速分散原油中，取代、中和原来在油水界面的乳化剂，形成不牢固的吸附膜并改变颗粒物的润湿性，使被表面活性剂连接起来的水分子能快速的聚结，对原油乳状液具有良好的破乳性能，而且节省时间、人力和物力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种原油破乳剂，属于油田化学助剂技术领域。
背景技术
随着世界石油工业的发展，石油开采量日益增加，使得原油乳状液液量日益增大，特别是采用注水强化采油后，原油含水量明显增高，大部分原油是以油水乳状液形式开采出来的。原油采出液中含有大量的水和无机盐，给油气集输和原油炼制带来极大的困难，因此必须进行脱水、脱盐。为解决油气集输过程中出现的问题，必须使用大量的化学剂，在油气集输过程中所用的化学品称为油气集输化学品，它是重要的油田化学品之一，其主要有破乳剂、缓蚀剂、减阻剂、乳化剂等等。能够使乳化原油破乳脱水的化学剂叫原油破乳剂，油包水型乳化原油破乳剂有低分子破乳剂和高分子破乳剂，低分子破乳剂主要有脂肪酸盐、烷基硫酸酯盐、烷基苯磺酸盐、OP型表面活性剂等等，高分子破乳剂主要有聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯烷基醇醚，聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯酚胺树脂等。水包油型乳化原油破乳剂主要有盐酸、氯化钠、氯化镁、氯化钙、甲醇等。现有市面上的破乳剂存在对原油适应性差、破乳效率低、易导致腐蚀等问题。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本发明提供一种具有超强的表面活性、润湿性、絮凝和聚结能力，可迅速分散原油中，取代、中和原来在油水界面的乳化剂。本发明可以实现的技术方案如下所述：
一种原油破乳剂，其特征在于，包括以下组分，其重量百分比为聚氧乙烯醚类干剂30～40％，润湿剂5～15％，十二烷基硫酸钠5～10％，氯化铵4～10％，聚醚改性三硅氧烷6～12％，甲醇20～30％。
所述一种原油破乳剂，其特征在于，包括以下组分，其重量百分比为聚氧乙烯醚类干剂30～35％，润湿剂8～10％，十二烷基硫酸钠5～8％，氯化铵8～10％，聚醚改性三硅氧烷10～12％，甲醇20～30％。
所述一种原油破乳剂，其特征在于，包括以下组分，其重量百分比为聚氧乙烯醚类干剂35％，润湿剂10％，十二烷基硫酸钠8％，氯化铵10％，聚醚改性三硅氧烷12％，甲醇25％。
所述聚氧乙烯醚类干剂为聚氧硅烷-聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯十二醇醚和丙二醇聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯醚。所述聚氧硅烷-聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯十二醇醚和丙二醇聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯醚重量百分比为45～80％：20～55％。
本发明与现有技术相比具有的有益效果为：本发明提供的聚氧乙烯醚类原油破乳剂具备了良好的表面性能和渗透能力以及优良的润湿性，可迅速分散原油中，取代、中和原来在油水界面的乳化剂，形成不牢固的吸附膜并改变颗粒物的润湿性，使被表面活性剂连接起来的水分子能快速的聚结，对原油乳状液具有良好的破乳性能，而且节省时间、人力和物力，可广泛应用于原油开采、石油炼制等领域。
具体实施方式
以下应用实施例对其做进一步的说明。
实施例1：
一种原油破乳剂，其特征在于，包括以下组分，其重量百分比为聚氧乙烯醚类干剂40％，润湿剂15％，十二烷基硫酸钠5％，氯化铵8％，聚醚改性三硅氧烷12％、甲醇20％。所述聚氧乙烯醚类干剂为聚氧硅烷-聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯十二醇醚和丙二醇聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯醚，其重量百分比为45％：55％。
实施例2：
一种原油破乳剂，其特征在于，包括以下组分，其重量百分比为聚氧乙烯醚类干剂35％，润湿剂15％，十二烷基硫酸钠10％，氯化铵7％，聚醚改性三硅氧烷8％、甲醇25％。所述聚氧乙烯醚类干剂为聚氧硅烷-聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯十二醇醚和丙二醇聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯醚，其重量百分比为55％：45％。
实施例3：
一种原油破乳剂，其特征在于，包括以下组分，其重量百分比为聚氧乙烯醚类干剂35％，润湿剂15％，十二烷基硫酸钠10％，氯化铵7％，聚醚改性三硅氧烷8％、甲醇25％。所述聚氧乙烯醚类干剂为聚氧硅烷-聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯十二醇醚和丙二醇聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯醚，其重量百分比为60％：40％。
实施例4：
一种原油破乳剂，其特征在于，包括以下组分，其重量百分比为聚氧乙烯醚类干剂30％，润湿剂10％，十二烷基硫酸钠9％，氯化铵9％，聚醚改性三硅氧烷12％、甲醇30％。所述聚氧乙烯醚类干剂为聚氧硅烷-聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯十二醇醚和丙二醇聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯醚。所述聚氧硅烷-聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯十二醇醚和丙二醇聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯醚重量百分比为70％：30％。
本发明在使用时，可直接向原油中加入本发明产品40～200mg/L，混合均匀，在50～90℃下，即可发挥其作用。
本发明保护的范围不限于实施例所描述的配比，在本发明权利要求保护范围内的任意组合或等效替换都是本发明的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种原油破乳剂，其特征在于，包括以下组分，其重量百分比为聚氧乙烯醚类干剂30～40％，润湿剂5～15％，十二烷基硫酸钠5～10％，氯化铵4～10％，聚醚改性三硅氧烷6～12％，甲醇20～30％。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种原油破乳剂，其特征在于，包括以下组分，其重量百分比为聚氧乙烯醚类干剂30～35％，润湿剂8～10％，十二烷基硫酸钠5～8％，氯化铵8～10％，聚醚改性三硅氧烷10～12％，甲醇20～30％。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种原油破乳剂，其特征在于，包括以下组分，其重量百分比为聚氧乙烯醚类干剂35％，润湿剂10％，十二烷基硫酸钠8％，氯化铵10％，聚醚改性三硅氧烷12％，甲醇25％。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述一种原油破乳剂，其特征在于，所述聚氧乙烯醚类干剂为聚氧硅烷-聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯十二醇醚和丙二醇聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯醚。
5.根据权利要求1、2或3所述一种原油破乳剂，其特征在于，所述聚氧硅烷-聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯十二醇醚和丙二醇聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯醚重量百分比为45％～80％：20％～55％。
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105820833A (zh) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-03 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | 一种组合型原油破乳剂及其制备方法 |
| CN106244192A (zh) * | 2015-06-13 | 2016-12-21 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种污油乳液的破乳处理工艺 |
| CN106701154A (zh) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-24 | 钦州学院 | 一种原油破乳剂及其制备方法 |
| CN107267197A (zh) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-10-20 | 马鞍山中粮生物化学有限公司 | 一种石油用高效破乳剂及其制备方法 |
| CN109575984A (zh) * | 2017-09-28 | 2019-04-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种常低温用原油破乳剂 |
| CN116240057A (zh) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-06-09 | 成都钠镁化学有限公司 | 一种天然气压缩机润滑油乳液破乳剂及其制备方法 |
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| CN101328429A (zh) * | 2008-07-24 | 2008-12-24 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种高含硫重质稠油脱水用破乳剂 |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106244192A (zh) * | 2015-06-13 | 2016-12-21 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种污油乳液的破乳处理工艺 |
| CN106244192B (zh) * | 2015-06-13 | 2018-03-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种污油乳液的破乳处理工艺 |
| CN105820833A (zh) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-03 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | 一种组合型原油破乳剂及其制备方法 |
| CN105820833B (zh) * | 2016-03-30 | 2017-08-25 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | 一种组合型原油破乳剂及其制备方法 |
| CN106701154A (zh) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-24 | 钦州学院 | 一种原油破乳剂及其制备方法 |
| CN107267197A (zh) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-10-20 | 马鞍山中粮生物化学有限公司 | 一种石油用高效破乳剂及其制备方法 |
| CN109575984A (zh) * | 2017-09-28 | 2019-04-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种常低温用原油破乳剂 |
| CN116240057A (zh) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-06-09 | 成都钠镁化学有限公司 | 一种天然气压缩机润滑油乳液破乳剂及其制备方法 |
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