CN104471159B - For body of wall and the Constracture unit of wall lining and the production method of this element - Google Patents

For body of wall and the Constracture unit of wall lining and the production method of this element Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104471159B
CN104471159B CN201380027043.2A CN201380027043A CN104471159B CN 104471159 B CN104471159 B CN 104471159B CN 201380027043 A CN201380027043 A CN 201380027043A CN 104471159 B CN104471159 B CN 104471159B
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calx
natural
alleviated
lining material
layer
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CN104471159A (en
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埃吉迪奥·德卢卡
恩扎·迪诺亚
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/06—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres reinforced
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0866—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements composed of several layers, e.g. sandwich panels or layered panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E04F13/144—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of marble or other natural stone
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y10T428/266—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension of base or substrate

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)

Abstract

For body of wall and the Constracture unit of wall lining, it is attached to described inner lining material (11) with one layer that the forms single main body natural Calx (12) alleviated including at least one of which inner lining material (11) with by being dried.

Description

For body of wall and the Constracture unit of wall lining and the production method of this element
Invention field
The present invention relates to for body of wall and the Constracture unit of wall lining and the manufacture method of this element. DE10160665 represents an example of Constracture unit.
Background of invention
Natural Calx is considered as natural water hydraulic lime mortar.It is by a temperature of about 1000 DEG C In vertical oven, fire marly limestone obtain.Extinguish for a long time before the grinding and ripening is sent out Raw.When laying, lime powder is made to mix with water until obtaining uniform, soft and without block paste is foot No more.
In recent years, natural Calx has been abandoned, and is conducive to such as the more appearance by making component plasticizing obtain Easily lay and more robust new material.
In recent years, natural Calx is reassessed in a timely manner due to many reasons.
First, showing as the term implies, natural Calx has been with regard to known natural product since ancient times, Wherein, in terms of avirulence, we establish certain confidence.
Secondly, natural Calx is ventilative, therefore prevents so that the unsound moisture accumulation of environment.
Calx is relevant with its fire resistance by another more commonly used reason.It practice, it has 1 grade Fire resistance, during i.e. it is sorted in less flammable material.
Additionally, natural Calx has the excessively poor thermal conductivity of about 0.54W/mK.
The most important thing is, by the character after this, Calx is used for producing heat the most frequently Liner, i.e. for the outside liner of house, in order to reduces the conductivity of the body of wall being applied.For this Individual purpose, its usually with such as the graininess cork, natural fiber or artificial of gathering materials with insulative properties Fiber such as polystyrene etc. mixes.Mixing by these, the Calx being composed so commonly referred to " subtracts Light ", because these gather materials is generally of the proportion lower than Calx.
But, it is hard for using the Calx alleviated, because it needs to be dried under the conditions of optimal setting At least 24 hours, and because each thickness sprawling layer cannot be more than 2cm.Period in the winter time Drying time can increase further.
Additionally, when attempting once-paving more than 2cm, inaesthetic down warping region and outthrust are usually perpendicular Formed on stalk body.
Such as, heat insulation extramural cladding can provide laying and the as many natural Calx of 8cm.This meaning Finger must produce at least 4 layers.
It has to be taken into account that natural Calx does not have big mechanical strength, it is therefore necessary to provide and lay At least one net, in order to prevent from forming crackle and edge crack.Additionally, wind and windy shadow Ring the most surface layer of the Calx that normally tends to degrade very fast.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the Constracture unit for body of wall and wall lining, described Constracture unit allows The advantage obtaining natural Calx minimizes its shortcoming simultaneously, and described shortcoming includes that its laying is hard and low Mechanical strength.
It is an object of the invention to the Constracture unit for body of wall and wall lining.
It is another object of the present invention to generally through Constracture unit described above along with alleviating Natural stone grieshoch the scope of freedom in add the interlayer facade element (sandwich that another layer of liner obtains curtain wall element)。
It is another object of the present invention to illustrate the method producing described liner element, described method allows non- Often obtain the described element in form and two aspects of finish (finish) with uniform properties rapidly.
The method that it is another object of the present invention to produce the liner element for body of wall.
The preferred embodiments of the invention form the integral part of this explanation.
The brief description of accompanying drawing
According to the help of the attached drawing by the way of non-limiting example illustration for body of wall The detailed description of the preferred but non-exclusive embodiment of liner element, feature that the present invention is other and excellent Point will become apparent from, wherein:
Fig. 1 represents the viewgraph of cross-section of the thickness of the Constracture unit according to the present invention；
Fig. 2 represents the variant of the Constracture unit of the identical view according to Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 illustrates the other variant of the Constracture unit of the identical view according to Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 illustrates another variant of the Constracture unit of the identical view according to Fig. 1.
In the accompanying drawings, element that identical reference number is identical with Letter identification or assembly.
The detailed description of the preferred embodiment of invention
According to the present invention, Constracture unit 1 includes the liner being intended to rest on ground floor within the vision The natural Calx 12 alleviated of material 11 and at least second layer.See Fig. 1.
According to the first embodiment of the present invention, described ground floor is made up of so-called thin stone material.Thin Stone material is made up of the thinnest sheet of the hard stone material supported by resin bed, the thinnest means from zero point Several millimeters to several millimeters.
By the resin bed that may be supported by the netted thing of fibrous glass is glued to natural stone ridge such as sand This thin stone material layer is obtained on the surface of rock, pelelith, quartzite etc..When resin is dried, due to attached Receiving the net of resin, the thin layer of stone material is torn completely from ridge.Therefore, it is thus achieved that stone material thin Slab does not have perfectly smooth surface, but conversely, because it removes from other layers of ridge, its tool There is natural roughness.
For a period of time, it has been known for using thin stone material, but generally the most always with by having Nidus Vespae The supporting construction that the aluminum deck of the inner side of shape cavity usually hollow defines is relevant.
The Calx being dried can provide necessary support to inner liner.Especially, according to the present invention, by In the adhesive capacity of Calx self, Calx is attached to inner liner and preferably occurs.The most when dry, Calx is attached naturally to inner liner.
According to the present invention, thin stone material by have with require relevant 1cm, 10cm, 20cm, 30 The natural stone grieshoch alleviated of the variable thickness between cm, 40cm or more supports.
Hereinafter, word Calx or natural Calx indicate the natural Calx alleviated.
About the thickness of lkd layer, one or more stops that net (withholding net) 13 is permissible It is introduced in Calx self.See Fig. 2 for this purpose.Stop that net 13 is known per se.It is permissible It is made up of plastics or glass fibre.
According to preferred production technology, thin stone material layer is generally flatly routed on load-bearing surface, and And natural Calx is placed thereon, stop net 13 along with introducing.
Therefore, thin stone material slab has natural stone material surface and the face of resin coating.
Surface roughness about the face of resin coating, it is provided that it is suitable to use before laying Calx Fixative.
For example, it is preferable to fixative can be made up of polyurethanes, be made up of epoxy resin, by Bi-component is made possibly.
When having laid Calx, it can all be left and air-dry or kiln drying.According to the present invention, obtain Slab then can be cut about specific requirement, formed with final size than relevant fragment of brick or Slab.
Due to imputed contrary with possible, thin stone material slab can have certain flexibility, can obtain Constracture unit can present the discrete curvature of visible part, described visible part can be concave surface or Convex surface.
The second variant according to the present invention, described ground floor is made up of Tufa i.e. natural limestone.
Tufa is the most frangible material, but has and ability relevant excellent of storage heat heat insulation with it Optimum matter.
Such material is widely used, but, due to its fragility, it is from the biggest block quarrying Cut into abundant piece (the thickset block) with the thickness no less than 5cm-7cm.
In view of the difficulty of this material of operation, in order to coat body of wall with Tufa, it is therefore necessary to use A considerable amount of material.This means significantly quarry cost, cutting cost and cost of transportation and paving It is set as this.
According to the present invention, the described ground floor of Constracture unit can be made up of Tufa.Lkd layer provides Produce the hardest support, described support prevent Tufa so as not to during lay and operation obtain Constracture unit during crushed.
According to the preferred variants of the present invention, Tufa layer can be reduced to several millimeters.Possible thickness Scope is from 3mm-4mm to 20mm or more.
According to preferred production method, first the slab of the Tufa with thickness S is cut and quilt It is placed on load-bearing surface.
Natural Calx is placed on Tufa layer according to the method as set forth in previously, therefore obtains centre Product, this that consistent with shown in Fig. 1 or 2.
When natural stone grieshoch has been dried, the element that upset (turn over) obtains, promote stone Grieshoch is as support component.Then, another layer 12 ' of the natural Calx alleviated is laid on Tufa On layer.Obtain intermediate products 1b, as shown in Figure 3.
When another layer 12 ' of this natural Calx alleviated has been dried, in the centre of Tufa layer The thickness S at part r, the element of acquisition being perpendicular to element cuts.
Therefore, it is thus achieved that there are two Constracture units 1 of S/2 thickness.
According to the other variant of the present invention, the second layer inner lining material 11 ' of Tufa can be attached to The scope of freedom of lkd layer, has solidified preferably up to lkd layer, in order to form single main body 1c.? On this aspect, see Fig. 4.Actually it should be noted, it is thus achieved that element formed and make the natural Calx that alleviates The 12 a kind of interlayers between two-layer Tufa.This variant is generally particularly suitable for producing curtain wall, partition wall And partage.
According to the present invention, multiple interlayers include the some lkd layers replaced with Tufa layer.
According to the preferred production method of facade element, prophylactically produce multiple interlayer, and subsequently The thickness S that interlayer is perpendicular at the mid portion r of every layer of Tufa interlayer cuts, such as figure Shown in 3.Therefore, it can obtain multiple facade element simultaneously.Preferably, this interlayer is by passing Band is sent to transport, in order to the direct of travel being parallel to conveyer belt flatly cuts.Carried by Calx self Supporting of confession allows to obtain the Tufa liner with the thickness less than 2cm provided by prior art Layer.
When the lower floor of Calx has been partially dried, the preferred production method of multiple interlayers is permissible The superposition on upper strata is provided.
Can be the most arranged during the production stage of the Constracture unit according to the present invention or facade element Any opening passed through for water pipe and electric conduit.
It practice, waterpipe and electric conduit can be embedded in lkd layer, therefore it is greatly simplified continuously Factory (plant) production stage.Such as, these solutions cannot be by special honey comb like Aluminum deck realizes, because the implant material for embedding conduit will not be had as supporting.
On the other hand, by making one layer of inner lining material 11 and honey comb like aluminum support panel and the stone alleviated Ash combination, it is also possible to obtain and be suitable for producing floor and the ceramic tile of ground surface.In this case, will Waterpipe prophylactically inserts and allows in lkd layer to produce underfloor heating system.
Due to the character of Tufa, especially when frangible, the element variant of Tufa coating is special Favourable, because it easily operates to obtain suitable shape in position, and do not use specific purpose tool. Accordingly, because the present invention, therefore the fragility of this excessive material has been inverted to advantage.
Advantageously, because the present invention:
-painting is covered with the Constracture unit of Tufa and is laid to form similar continuous print body of wall,
-can obtain in these bodies of wall and inlay and finish,
-resin, coating or waterproofing agent can be laid on Tufa layer, in order to make it hardening.
These resins and coating are known per se.
According to the present invention, it is thus achieved that the laying of element advantageously can carry out with other Calx, thus Obtain the compositions of " Calx is on Calx " type, and do not use other binding agent maybe can include heat The other mechanical component of bridge.
Limestone has surface roughness so that can also avoid between limestone and Calx is any solid Determine agent.
After laying, no matter this layer of inner lining material 11, be thin stone material more specifically Tufa or pottery Porcelain or potlery tile (terracotta) ceramic tile, be visible.
Advantageously, according to the present invention, when already at solid-state, natural Calx is laid, and therefore limits The setting time caused by the problem of dry multilamellar Calx.Additionally, use the Calx solidified to allow Operating the friable material that would be impossible to operation in the case of not having to support, such as natural stone tufa is thin Stone material or sheet billet.
Additionally, the Calx alleviated has the proportion of the proportion less than Tufa, obtain according to the present invention The traditional Tufa block of Constracture unit than equivalent size is lighter.Additionally, it has than simple Calx China's preferably heat-insulating properties.
Additional advantage provided by the present invention is, in addition to there is excellent physical-mechanical properties, Natural Calx is in terms of the objective cost of material and both in terms of the transport generally transported with gunny On the most more economical.
Expensive honey comb like aluminum deck itself has disadvantageous weight/volume, therefore significantly affects fortune Defeated cost.
When producing the most large-sized Constracture unit, it is possible to use honey comb like aluminum deck is to help In making, Constracture unit described herein is hardening.Such as, whole body of wall or its sizable part.According to One preferred variants of the present invention, one or more stops that net 13 can be by honey comb like aluminum deck Replace.
In this case, these honey comb like aluminum decks can be inserted into this layer of inner lining material 11 and subtract Between light natural Calx 12 or be inserted in the thickness of lkd layer.
According to a further aspect in the invention, the Calx alleviated and the combination of Tufa allow to obtain heat insulation Property and thermal capacity of both the favourable mixing of thermodynamic characteristics.Additionally, due to bi-material is strong Physical-mechanical inhomogeneities, it has been noted that sizable increase of sound insulation.
Other preferred embodiment according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain the building formed by two elements Module, in order to Calx is kept in detention in inside and the most respective inner liner is externally visible.
The most important thing is, this solution is optimal in producing removable single Kuai He street body of wall 's.
But, the element illustrated in different preferred embodiments and feature can with combination with one another not The protection domain of deviation the application.

Claims (12)

1., for body of wall and a Constracture unit for wall lining, described Constracture unit includes at least one of which liner Material (11) and to be attached to described at least one of which inner lining material (11) single to be formed by being dried A kind of light internal layer of main body, it is characterised in that described light internal layer is the natural Calx (12) alleviated.
Element the most according to claim 1, wherein said at least one of which inner lining material (11) is wrapped Include the sheet billet of sandstone.
Element the most according to claim 2, wherein said sheet billet is obtained by tear.
Element the most according to claim 1, wherein said at least one of which inner lining material is to have greatly Tufa in the thickness of 3mm-4mm.
Element the most according to claim 1, wherein said at least one of which inner lining material is ceramic tile.
6., according to the element according to any one of claim 1-5, wherein fixative is inserted into described Between the light internal layer of at least one of which inner lining material (11) and the described natural Calx (12) alleviated.
7. according to the element according to any one of claim 1-5, the wherein said natural Calx alleviated (12) light internal layer has the thickness more than 1cm.
Element the most according to claim 6, the wherein said natural Calx (12) alleviated light Internal layer has the thickness more than 1cm.
9. a facade element, described facade element includes ground floor inner lining material and second layer liner material Material (11 '), the natural Calx (12) that at least a part of which one layer alleviates is inserted into and is dried to form folder Layer.
10. according to a production method for the Constracture unit described in any one in claim 1-8, Described method includes at least following steps:
-prepare lining material,
-described lining material is disposed on a horizontal plane,
-sprawl the natural stone grieshoch alleviated,
-be dried described in the natural stone grieshoch that alleviates.
11. methods according to claim 10, are additionally included in the natural Calx alleviated described in sprawling Before Ceng, at least one of the thickness of the natural stone grieshoch alleviated described in insertion stops the step of net (13) Suddenly the step of fixative and/or is prepared on described lining material.
12., according to the method described in claim 10 or 11, are additionally included in the following step after being dried Rapid:
The described Constracture unit that-upset obtains,
-sprawl another layer (12 ') of the natural Calx alleviated,
-be dried described in another layer (12 ') of natural Calx of alleviating,
-at respective mid portion (r) place of described lining material will obtain described Constracture unit The thickness (S) being perpendicular to described Constracture unit cuts.
CN201380027043.2A 2012-05-24 2013-05-23 For body of wall and the Constracture unit of wall lining and the production method of this element Active CN104471159B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000906A ITMI20120906A1 (en) 2012-05-24 2012-05-24 CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT FOR WALLS AND WALL COVERINGS AND METHOD OF REALIZING THE ELEMENT
ITMI2012A000906 2012-05-24
PCT/IB2013/054264 WO2013175424A1 (en) 2012-05-24 2013-05-23 Construction element for walls and wall lining and production method of the element

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CN104471159A CN104471159A (en) 2015-03-25
CN104471159B true CN104471159B (en) 2016-12-14

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US (1) US20150111029A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2877644B1 (en)
CN (1) CN104471159B (en)
BR (1) BR112014028794B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2596306T3 (en)
IT (1) ITMI20120906A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2617660C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2013175424A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
CN104471159A (en) 2015-03-25
EP2877644A1 (en) 2015-06-03
WO2013175424A1 (en) 2013-11-28
EP2877644B1 (en) 2016-07-06
RU2014152243A (en) 2016-07-20
ES2596306T3 (en) 2017-01-05
BR112014028794A2 (en) 2017-06-27
RU2617660C2 (en) 2017-04-25
ITMI20120906A1 (en) 2013-11-25
US20150111029A1 (en) 2015-04-23
BR112014028794B1 (en) 2021-08-31

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