CN104466213B - Water-cooled PEMFC air excess coefficient control system and method - Google Patents
Water-cooled PEMFC air excess coefficient control system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104466213B CN104466213B CN201410854355.7A CN201410854355A CN104466213B CN 104466213 B CN104466213 B CN 104466213B CN 201410854355 A CN201410854355 A CN 201410854355A CN 104466213 B CN104466213 B CN 104466213B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013481 data capture Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 206010013975 Dyspnoeas Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000686 essence Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04104—Regulation of differential pressures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a water-cooled PEMFC air excess coefficient control system and method. In water-cooled fuel batteries, control over voltage balance between the electric pile single batteries is achieved by controlling the air excess coefficient on the negative pole side of an electric pile in real time based on the actual situation of a load in the electric pile, and the service life of the electric pile is prolonged. The water-cooled PEMFC air excess coefficient control system comprises the PEMFC electric pile, the electronic load, a current sensor, a data collecting card, an upper computer, a controller and a mass flow meter. The air excess coefficient on the negative pole side is adjusted in real time, the voltage balance between the PEMFC single batteries can be well guaranteed, the response speed of the electric pile is increased, on the premise that the air excess coefficient of the negative pole of the water-cooled PEMFC system is kept in the adjustable range, the air excess coefficient control method is simple and high in reliability and universality, and it is ensured that a good voltage balance state is kept between the single batteries during electric pile running.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of fuel cell technology, more particularly, to a kind of water-cooled pemfc excess air factor control system
And method.
Background technology
With the continuous deterioration increasingly sharpening with world environments of global warming issue, the utilization attention of new forms of energy.
Fuel cell due to its efficiently, cleaning, noiseless, power bracket wide the advantages of, be considered a kind of new energy of great development prospect
Source technology.Wherein Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (proton exchange membrane fuel cell, pemfc) has fortune
Trip temperature is low, power density is high, response quickly, pollution-free the features such as, be widely used in portable power source, domestic power supply, mixed
Close in the association areas such as power car, distributed power station.
Pemfc system needs the conditions such as the ruuning situation according to the change loading and pile itself in actual motion, right
The relevant parameters such as the flow of reacting gas, pressure carry out real-time regulation, have the strong nonlinearity of multi input, multi output, close coupling
Property is it will be apparent that the features such as hysteresis quality and randomness.
When being changed by driving load, pile electric current can change accordingly, if now at cathode air quantity delivered
In the state of too low or too high, then air, after flowing through pile cathode inlet, is assigned to during each monolithic battery
Flow velocity, pressure then can produce more obvious difference, under corresponding operating current, the consumption to oxidant for each monolithic battery
Amount then can be different, thus causing the difference of performance between each monolithic battery, are then each monolithic battery from the point of view of external presentation
The difference of output voltage.And supply subsystem, the response of cathode side air supply subsystem compared to pile anode-side hydrogen
Speed is slower, and being in load rate of change faster under transient state state, the supply of air deficiency easily or transfinites
Problem, so also certainly will cause the electric voltage equalization between monolithic battery poor, and be difficult to solve, largely effect on making of pile
Use the life-span.
Carry out the research about above-mentioned phenomenon at present both at home and abroad, and be directed to " air hunger " and system net power output
Propose the concept of system peroxide ratio (oxygen excess ratio, oer), but specific achievement in research is still relatively fewer.
In existing control method, the control method such as optimum control, ANN Control, PREDICTIVE CONTROL has been applied to base
In the controller of air hunger phenomenon dynamic model design, but all simply consider how to avoid air hunger phenomenon, oxygen is surpassed
Limit supplies the impact to system power dissipation, and the electric voltage equalization problem between monolithic battery is not considered.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a kind of water-cooled pemfc excess air factor control system and method, purport
Asking of electric voltage equalization between monolithic battery cannot be realized solve that existing fuel battery air excess coefficient control method exists
Topic.
The embodiment of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of water-cooled pemfc excess air factor control method, this water-cooled
Pemfc excess air factor control method comprises the following steps:
Step one, during the work of water-cooling type fuel cell system, adjusts a certain current value i that electronic load allows to pile1,
Regulation excess air factor is λ1, record each monolithic battery magnitude of voltage, calculate monolithic battery electric voltage equalization cv；
Step 2, common m time of re-adjustments parameter air excess coefficient lambda, record the c obtaining each timevm, cvRelation with λ
Carry out curve fitting, obtain relation curve cv=f (λ)；
Step 3, in pile output current allowed band, regulation pile output current n time, repeats aforesaid operations process,
Obtain output current inUnder the conditions of cvRelation curve c with λv=fn(λ)；
Step 4, the corresponding c of different current values obtainingvWith the c in the relation curve of λvMinimum point cvminWith right
The λ value answered carries out curve fitting, and obtains cvPile output current value i under minimal condition is bent with the relation of air excess coefficient lambda
Line λ=g (i)；
Step 5, using the curve obtaining λ=g (i) as water-cooled pemfc cathode side excess air factor control strategy according to
According to, real-time regulation excess air factor, realize the direct control to water-cooled pemfc monolithic battery electric voltage equalization.
Further, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells pemfc electric voltage equalization is defined as: under a certain output condition, proton
Departure degree between exchange film fuel battery each monolithic battery voltage and average voltage, i.e. cv,
Wherein vi is monolithic battery voltage, and i is battery sequence number number,For monolithic battery average voltage.
Further, the setting value of pemfc pile cathode side air excess coefficient lambda will meet the permission model in pile parameter
Enclose.
Further, the maximum output current value that the setting of pemfc pile output current no more than pile allows.
Further, the water-cooled pemfc excess air factor of this water-cooled pemfc excess air factor control method controls system
System, comprising: pemfc pile, electronic load, current sensor, data collecting card, host computer, controller, mass flowmenter；
Mass flowmenter, connects pemfc pile, for adjusting the air mass flow needed for pemfc pile；
Current sensor, for experiencing pemfc pile current information, and the information that can experience detection is for conversion into electricity
Signal output is to electronic load data capture card；
Electronic load, is connected with current sensor, for adjusting the output current value of pemfc pile；
Data collecting card, is connected with pemfc pile and current sensor, for by the current value of Real-time Collection through a d
Host computer is sent in conversion；
Host computer, is connected with data collecting card, the current value of receiving data capture card conversion, defeated for real-time calculating pile
Going out electric current is needed the air flow value consuming and is multiplied with optimal excess air coefficient λ under phase induced current, determines to be actually needed and send
Enter the air capacity of pile；
Controller, is connected with host computer, for receiving the air flow rate signal of host computer, controls mass flowmenter, adjusts
Required air mass flow.
Water-cooled pemfc excess air factor control system and method that the present invention provides, in water-cooling type fuel cell, base
In the load-carrying practical situation of institute, control pile cathode side excess air factor, realize to pile monolithic battery electric voltage equalization
Control, improve the service life of pile, corresponding water-cooling type pile tested on existing general fuel battery test platform
Optimal excess air coefficient curve, need not increase extra auxiliary equipment, and operating cost is preferably controlled；Meanwhile,
The water-cooling type Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells excess air factor control system providing by air excess coefficient lambda real-time regulation, with
Existing classical control system compares no special installation, and structure is simple, it is easy to accomplish.
The present invention according to the load-carrying practical situation of system institute, real-time regulation cathode side excess air factor, can be preferable
Guarantee pemfc monolithic battery between electric voltage equalization, lifting pile response speed, and then extend pile the use longevity
Life, is to keep water-cooling type pemfc system cathode excess air factor on the premise of allowing in the range of regulation, there is provided one
Kind relatively simple, reliability is high, the excess air factor control method of highly versatile it is ensured that pile run in each monolithic battery
Between keep preferable electric voltage equalization state, and then extend the service life of pemfc pile.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is water-cooled pemfc excess air factor control method flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is water-cooled pemfc excess air factor control system architecture schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is embodiment of the present invention midpoint electric current is definite value i1When, cv=f (λ) curve synoptic diagram；
Fig. 4 is fuel cell output current value i and air excess system being obtained by experiment test in the embodiment of the present invention
Relation curve λ=the g (i) of number λ；
Fig. 5 is that in the case of the embodiment of the present invention utilizes λ=g (i) to control air mass flow and determine excess coefficient λ, pile is dynamic
Electric voltage equalization c during loadingvContrast curve chart；
In figure: 1, pemfc pile；2nd, electronic load；3rd, current sensor；4th, data collecting card；5th, host computer；6th, control
Device；7th, mass flowmenter.
Specific embodiment
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment is further described to the application principle of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the water-cooled pemfc excess air factor control method of the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:
During the work of s101: water-cooling type fuel cell system, adjust a certain current value i that electronic load allows to pile1, adjust
Section excess air factor is λ1, record each monolithic battery magnitude of voltage, calculate monolithic battery voltage harmony cv；
S102: common m time of re-adjustments parameter air excess coefficient lambda, records the c obtaining each timevm, cvEnter with the relation of λ
Row curve matching, obtains relation curve cv=f (λ)；
S103: regulation pile output current n time in pile output current allowed band, repeats aforesaid operations process, obtains
To output current inUnder the conditions of cvRelation curve c with λv=fn(λ)；
S104: the corresponding c of different current values obtainingvWith the c in the relation curve of λvMinimum point cvminWith corresponding
λ value carry out curve fitting, obtain monolithic battery voltage cvPile output current value i under minimal condition and excess air factor
Relation curve λ=the g (i) of λ；
S105: using the curve obtaining λ=g (i) as water-cooled pemfc cathode side excess air factor control strategy foundation,
Real-time regulation excess air factor, realizes the direct control to water-cooled pemfc monolithic battery electric voltage equalization.
Fig. 3 is the point electric current of the embodiment of the present invention is definite value i1When, in the case of different λ, the pile that actual test obtains is each
Monolithic battery electric voltage equalization linearity curve cv=f (λ) schematic diagram；Fig. 4 is the combustion being obtained by experiment test in the embodiment of the present invention
Material cell output current value i and the relation curve λ=g (i) of air excess coefficient lambda；Fig. 5 is that the embodiment of the present invention utilizes λ=g
I () controls air mass flow and determines excess coefficient λ in the case of, electric voltage equalization c during pile dynamic loadvContrast curve chart is permissible
Find out during pile output current dynamic load, air mass flow is controlled with dynamic excess coefficient λ=g (i), can be more preferable
Control each monomer battery voltage of pile harmonious；
As shown in Fig. 2 the water-cooled pemfc excess air factor control system of the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes that pemfc electricity
Heap 1, electronic load 2, current sensor 3, data collecting card 4, host computer 5, controller 6, mass flowmenter 7；
Mass flowmenter 7, connects pemfc pile 1, for adjusting the air mass flow needed for pemfc pile 1；
Current sensor 3, for experiencing pemfc pile 1 current information, and the information that can experience detection is for conversion into
Electric signal output is to electronic load 2 data capture card 4；
Electronic load 2, is connected with current sensor 3, for adjusting the output current value of pemfc pile 1；
Data collecting card 4, is connected with pemfc pile 1 and current sensor 3, for passing through the current value of Real-time Collection
A d conversion send into host computer 5；
Host computer 5, is connected with data collecting card 4, the current value of receiving data capture card 4 conversion, calculates electricity for real-time
Heap output current is needed the air flow value consuming and is multiplied with optimal excess air coefficient λ under phase induced current, determines actual need
The air capacity of pile to be sent into；
Controller 6, is connected with host computer 5, for receiving the air flow rate signal of host computer 5, controls mass flowmenter 7,
Air mass flow needed for accurate adjustment.
The concrete operating principle of the embodiment of the present invention:
When pemfc pile 1 normal work, change the output current value of pemfc pile 1, mould by adjusting electronic load 2
Intend the change that pemfc loads in the middle of actual motion；Data collecting card 4 by the current value of Real-time Collection through a d conversion send into
Host computer 5；Host computer 5 calculate in real time pile output current need consume air flow value and with optimum air under phase induced current
Excess coefficient λ is multiplied, and determines and is actually needed the air capacity sending into pile；The signal of required air flow is sent to by host computer 5
Controller 6, controls mass flowmenter 7, the air mass flow needed for accurate adjustment；Data collecting card 4 is in fuel cell whole service
During, the voltage of each monolithic battery in Real-time Collection pemfc pile 1, provide monitoring information to the protection device of system.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Any modification, equivalent and improvement made within god and principle etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of water-cooled pemfc excess air factor control method is it is characterised in that this water-cooled pemfc excess air factor control
Method processed comprises the following steps:
Step one, during the work of water-cooling type fuel cell system, adjusts a certain current value i that electronic load allows to pile1, adjust
Excess air factor is λ1, record each monolithic battery magnitude of voltage, host computer calculates the monolithic battery voltage number of each moment collection
According to calculating electric voltage equalization cv；
Step 2, keeps electric current i1Constant, common m time of regulation air excess coefficient lambda, record the c obtaining each timevm, by obtain
Each group of cvCarry out curve fitting with the relation of λ, obtain relation curve cv=f (λ)；
Step 3, in pile output current allowed band, regulation pile output current n time, repeats aforesaid operations process steps one
And step 2, obtain output current inUnder the conditions of cvRelation curve c with λv=fn(λ)；
Step 4, using smoothed curve to the corresponding c of different current values obtainingvWith the minimum point in the relation curve of λ
cV, minThe discrete point being constituted with corresponding λ value is carried out curve fitting, and obtains cvPile output current value i under minimal condition with
Relation curve λ=the g (i) of air excess coefficient lambda；
Step 5, using the curve obtaining λ=g (i) as water-cooled pemfc cathode side excess air factor control strategy foundation, on
Position machine calculates, according to the corresponding excess air factor of target current value, the air mass flow being actually needed, and then issues flow signal
To controller, dynamic regulation air mass flow, realize the direct control to water-cooled pemfc monolithic battery electric voltage equalization.
2. water-cooled pemfc excess air factor control method as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that PEM fires
Material cell p emfc electric voltage equalization is defined as: under a certain output condition, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells each monolithic battery voltage
Departure degree and average voltage between, i.e. cv,
Wherein vi is monolithic battery voltage, and i is battery sequence number number,For monolithic battery average voltage.
3. water-cooled pemfc excess air factor control method as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that pemfc pile negative electrode
The setting value of side air excess coefficient lambda will meet the allowed band in pile parameter.
4. water-cooled pemfc excess air factor control method as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that pemfc pile exports
The maximum output current value that the setting of electric current no more than pile allows.
5. a kind of control method of water-cooled pemfc excess air factor as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that water-cooled
The water-cooled pemfc excess air factor control system of the control method of pemfc excess air factor, comprising: pemfc pile, electricity
Sub- load, current sensor, data collecting card, host computer, controller, mass flowmenter；
Mass flowmenter, connects pemfc pile, for adjusting the air mass flow needed for pemfc pile；
Current sensor, for experiencing pemfc pile current information, and the information that can experience detection is for conversion into the signal of telecommunication
Export to electronic load data capture card；
Electronic load, is connected with current sensor, for adjusting the output current value of pemfc pile；
Data collecting card, is connected with pemfc pile and current sensor, for by the current value of Real-time Collection through a d conversion
Send into host computer；
Host computer, is connected with data collecting card, the current value of receiving data capture card conversion, calculates pile output electricity for real-time
Stream is needed the air flow value consuming and is multiplied with optimal excess air coefficient λ under phase induced current, determines and is actually needed feeding electricity
The air capacity of heap；
Controller, is connected with host computer, for receiving the air flow rate signal of host computer, controls mass flowmenter, adjusts required
Air mass flow.
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| CN201410854355.7A CN104466213B (en) | 2014-12-31 | 2014-12-31 | Water-cooled PEMFC air excess coefficient control system and method |
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| CN201410854355.7A CN104466213B (en) | 2014-12-31 | 2014-12-31 | Water-cooled PEMFC air excess coefficient control system and method |
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| CN104466213B true CN104466213B (en) | 2017-01-18 |
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| CN112397747A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-02-23 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Air supply control method for fuel cell engine, vehicle, and storage medium |
| CN114784324B (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2023-12-22 | 中汽创智科技有限公司 | Fuel cell system control method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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| US20110014530A1 (en) * | 2008-04-08 | 2011-01-20 | Balliet Ryan J | Reservoir for hot weather operation of evaporatively cooled fuel cell |
| US8277989B2 (en) * | 2008-12-16 | 2012-10-02 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Cathode filter replacement algorithm in a fuel cell system |
| CN102891329B (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2014-09-17 | 同济大学 | Air terminal control method of a fuel cell system |
| EP2842189B1 (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2018-08-29 | Convion Oy | Control arrangement and method for adapting a fuel cell system to fuel composition |
| JP5935537B2 (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2016-06-15 | アイシン精機株式会社 | Fuel cell system |
| CN103727074B (en) * | 2013-12-07 | 2016-02-10 | 西南交通大学 | Furl cell engine low power run surge resistance of air compressor method |
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Inventor after: Chen Weirong Inventor after: Li Yankun Inventor after: Liu Zhixiang Inventor after: Zhao Xingqiang Inventor after: Li Qi Inventor after: Dai Chaohua Inventor after: Zhang Xuexia Inventor after: Li Yan Inventor after: You Zhiyu Inventor before: Chen Weirong Inventor before: Li Yankun Inventor before: Liu Zhixiang Inventor before: Zhao Xingqiang Inventor before: Li Qi Inventor before: Dai Chaohua Inventor before: Zhang Xuexia Inventor before: Li Yan Inventor before: You Zhiyu |
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Effective date of registration: 20180823 Address after: 610031 Nan yuan 10101, 111 north section, two ring road, Chengdu, Sichuan. Co-patentee after: CHENGDU GUOJIA ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING CO., LTD. Patentee after: Chen Weirong Address before: 610031 science and technology office, Southwest Jiao Tong University, 111 north section, two ring road, Chengdu, Sichuan Patentee before: Southwest Jiaotong University |
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Effective date of registration: 20191125 Address after: 610000 No.618, Junyue Road, Xindu District, Chengdu, Sichuan Province Patentee after: Sichuan Rong innovation power system Co., Ltd. Address before: 610000 1-2 Floor, 6A Block, 200 Tianfu Five Street, Chengdu High-tech Zone, Sichuan Province Patentee before: Sichuan Rongxinneng Technology Co., Ltd. |
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