CN104464856A - Real-time monitoring device for neutron flux in fission reaction - Google Patents
Real-time monitoring device for neutron flux in fission reaction Download PDFInfo
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- CN104464856A CN104464856A CN201410683517.5A CN201410683517A CN104464856A CN 104464856 A CN104464856 A CN 104464856A CN 201410683517 A CN201410683517 A CN 201410683517A CN 104464856 A CN104464856 A CN 104464856A
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000005466 cherenkov radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005355 lead glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-BJUDXGSMSA-N Boron-10 Chemical compound [10B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-BJUDXGSMSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- LBDSXVIYZYSRII-IGMARMGPSA-N alpha-particle Chemical compound [4He+2] LBDSXVIYZYSRII-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-IGMARMGPSA-N lithium-7 atom Chemical compound [7Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002366 time-of-flight method Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 PbF 2 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005025 nuclear technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005036 potential barrier Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
- G21C17/10—Structural combination of fuel element, control rod, reactor core, or moderator structure with sensitive instruments, e.g. for measuring radioactivity, strain
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T3/00—Measuring neutron radiation
- G01T3/06—Measuring neutron radiation with scintillation detectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
- G21C17/10—Structural combination of fuel element, control rod, reactor core, or moderator structure with sensitive instruments, e.g. for measuring radioactivity, strain
- G21C17/108—Measuring reactor flux
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a real-time monitoring device for the neutron flux in a fission reaction. The device is characterized in that a fast neutron conversion body (1), a fluorescent light reflection tube (3), a boron plastic flash body (2), a Cherenkov light reflection tube (5) and a Cherenkov radiation body (4) are arranged in the incident direction of particles in sequence; neutrons and gamma rays enter the boron plastic flash body (2) to interact with substances to generate e+/e-, recoil protons and alpha particles, the e+/e-, the recoil protons and the alpha particles are excited to generate fluorescent light, and the fluorescent light enters a first photoelectric multiplier tube (7) through reflection of the fluorescent light reflection tube (3) and is amplified through an amplifier (10) to obtain neutron and gamma information; after secondary particles enter the Cherenkov radiation body, only e+/e- generates Cherenkov light, and the Cherenkov light is amplified through a second photoelectric multiplier tube to obtain gamma information; two signals are subjected to subtraction to obtain neutron flux information. According to the device, the n and gamma signals are judged in combination with the pulse rise time difference, so that the measurement precision of the pulsed neutron flux is further improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to neutron detection technical field, relate to a kind of device measuring fission reaction neutron flux values, particularly relate to a kind of fission reaction neutron flux real-time monitoring device.
Background technology
Neutron is electric neutrality, it and atomic nucleus interacts time by the stop of coulomb potential barrier, this just makes the neutron of almost any energy can react with any nucleic.In the various fields of nuclear technology, neutron has application widely.After finding that neutron can cause heavy nuclear fission from 1938, open up the field that energy research is new---nuclear energy.Developing rapidly and turning to civilian gradually from national defence along with nuclear energy, fissioning nucleus reactor obtains in many countries and regions and develops widely and apply.Nuclear energy is compared traditional energy and is had many advantages, shows powerful vitality as a kind of new energy.To the monitoring of fission-neutron flux, reaction can be provided the information such as general power and power density distribution, is very important checkup item for fission-type reactor.
Because neutron is electric neutrality, therefore do not had an effect by electronics during material and in material, directly can not cause ionization, but the secondary of ionization can be caused just to be recorded by interacting to produce with atomic nucleus.Neutron can be roughly divided into slow neutron (<1keV), intermediate neutron (1 ~ 100keV), fast neutron (0.1 ~ 20MeV) by energy.The neutron of different-energy also has different from the mode of matter interaction, and conventional neutron detection method comprises the method for nuclear recoil, nuclear reaction method, activation method and nuclear fission.
Under normal circumstances, the neutron energy that fission reaction produces is within the scope of 0 ~ 10MeV, and neutron irradiation is not simple field, but the mixing field of neutron and γ.As real-time, correct analysis will be carried out to fission neutron, provide neutron flux information, the neutron in different-energy interval must be measured simultaneously, and also need to deduct the impact of γ radiation on neutron flux monitoring.For the Neutron Radiation Field of transient state, conventional method adopts time-of-flight method principle, neutron and γ pulses of radiation separated.But under some experimental provision condition, due to the impact of measurement environment or neutron source strength etc., ripe time-of-flight method has some limitations, and especially in close-in measurement, the resolution of n, γ becomes a difficult problem.Therefore for the problem that method of real-time or needs of fission-neutron flux solve.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of fission reaction neutron flux real-time monitoring device, this device utilizes rich hydrogen thing for fast neutron conversion body, with bp scintillator and Cerenkov radiation body for probing medium, coordinate photomultiplier (PMT) and Fast Electronics that time performance is good, the Real-Time Monitoring of fission neutron can be realized.
The present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of fission reaction neutron flux real-time monitoring device, comprises fast neutron conversion body, bp scintillator, fluorescent reflection pipe, Cerenkov radiation body, Cerenkov light reflection tube, fluorescence photoconduction, the first photomultiplier, Cerenkov light photoconduction, the second photomultiplier, the first amplifier and the second amplifier, multichannel analyzer, counter, data handling system, computing machine and data presentation system, telnet system and probe body; Fast neutron conversion body is facing to particle incident direction, fast neutron conversion body and probe body link together composition enclosure space, and bp scintillator, fluorescent reflection pipe, fluorescence photoconduction, the first photomultiplier, Cerenkov radiation body, Cerenkov light reflection tube, Cerenkov light photoconduction, the second photomultiplier are all arranged in the enclosure space that fast neutron conversion body and probe body form;
Fluorescent reflection pipe is hollow structure, its inwall is provided with fluorescent reflection layer, the openend that fluorescence photoconduction is arranged on fluorescent reflection pipe forms closed cavity, and it is interior and be connected with fluorescence photoconduction that bp scintillator is arranged on closed cavity that fluorescent reflection pipe and fluorescence photoconduction formed; Cerenkov light reflection tube is hollow structure, its inwall is provided with Cerenkov reflection layer, the openend that Cerenkov radiation body is arranged on Cerenkov light reflection tube and Cerenkov light photoconduction forms closed cavity, and Cerenkov radiation body to be arranged in closed cavity that Cerenkov light reflection tube and Cerenkov light photoconduction formed and to be connected with Cerenkov light photoconduction;
Fast neutron conversion body, fluorescent reflection pipe, bp scintillator, Cerenkov light reflection tube, Cerenkov radiation body is placed respectively along particle incident direction; Fluorescence photoconduction is connected with the first photomultiplier, first photomultiplier is connected with the first amplifier, and the first amplifier is connected with multichannel analyzer, and Cerenkov light photoconduction is connected with the second photomultiplier, second photomultiplier is connected with the second amplifier, and the second amplifier is connected with counter; Multichannel analyzer sum counter is connection data disposal system, computing machine and data presentation system successively, and computing machine is connected by telephone wire or netting twine with remote entry system with data presentation system.
Fission reaction neutron flux real-time monitoring device of the present invention, utilize the signal difference of two detectors, just can provide the flux information of fission neutron, when particle enters bp scintillator, the atom of scintillator or molecule are excited and produce fluorescence, utilize electrooptical device to collect fluorescence, the information of particle can be recorded.Concrete principle is as follows:
Incident direction along particle places monitoring device, and after gamma-rays enters bp scintillator, the secondary charged particle generated with the effect of material is mainly e
+/ e
-; And after neutron enters bp scintillator, the secondary charged particle produced in plastic scintillant mainly recoil proton and α particle; e
+/ e
-, proton, α particle sedimentary energy excite generation fluorescence in scintillator, the reflecting material reflection of fluorescence outside scintillator finally enters the first photomultiplier, and after photomultiplier amplifies, provide a road signal, namely neutron adds the information of γ.Secondary charged particle due to neutron is mainly proton and α particle, compared to gamma-ray secondary charged particle e
+/ e
-, the speed of proton and α particle is comparatively slow, utilizes the discrimination capabilities that Cerenkov is intrinsic, makes proton and α particle cannot produce Cerenkov light and e
+/ e
-can Cerenkov light be produced, utilize electrooptical device to collect Cerenkov light, after the second photomultiplier amplifies, provide another road signal, namely provide the information of γ.Two paths of signals is subtracted each other the flux information that can obtain neutron.Difference simultaneously in conjunction with pulse rise time judges n, γ signal, improves the measuring accuracy of pulsed neutron flux further.
Wherein, described bp scintillator belongs to the one of organic scintillator, containing a large amount of hydrogen atoms, can be used for the detection of neutron.During the homogeneous transparent medium that charged particle is n with speed v through refraction coefficient, if v is greater than light phase velocity in the medium (c/n, c are the lighies velocity of vacuum), particle will bring out optical radiation, be called Cerenkov radiation.Can find out, produce Cerenkov radiation, just need particle must possess the speed of more than minimum in given medium, therefore, Cerenkov detector possesses intrinsic discrimination capabilities.
As to further improvement of the present invention, described probe body is designed to layer structure, be followed successively by the tungsten layer of 1 ~ 1.2cm from outside to inside, the boracic high-density polyethylene layer of 0.5 ~ 0.6cm, wherein boracic 10 mass ratio is 8% ~ 10%, 0.5cm austenite stainless steel layer, and probe body is the neutron of ABSORPTION AND SCATTERING and gamma-rays mainly, prevent scattered neutron and γ and secondary thereof from entering crystal as much as possible, interference is formed to result of detection.
As to further improvement of the present invention, the thickness of bp scintillator is 1.8 ~ 2.2cm, and Main Function is that the quantity of the electronic secondary that incident photon is generated through bp scintillator is maximum, is conducive to obtaining gamma-ray information as far as possible.
Cerenkov radiation body can be organic glass, optics lead glass, PbF
2or fused quartz, thickness is 2 ~ 3 radiation lengths, Main Function is that its energy is deposited on wherein by secondary as far as possible that enter Cerenkov radiation body, is conducive to secondary and produces Cerenkov photon as much as possible wherein, thus be conducive to the measurement of secondary information.
As to further improvement of the present invention, length 2 ~ the 2.5cm larger than the length of bp scintillator of Cerenkov radiation body, width 2 ~ the 2.5cm larger than the width of bp scintillator of Cerenkov radiation body, Main Function enables to enter Cerenkov radiation body from the secondary of bp scintillator outgoing sideling, thus be conducive to Cerenkov radiation body record secondary information as much as possible, improve the detection accuracy of incident gamma ray information.
As to further improvement of the present invention, the photomultiplier R2083 model of Hamamatsu company selected by described first photomultiplier, and the anodic pulse rise time of R2083 type PMT is 0.7ns, is suitable for the resolved measurement doing fast time course.
As to further improvement of the present invention, the photomultiplier R1926A model of Hamamatsu company selected by described second photomultiplier, it is 160nm ~ 850nm that R1926A measures wavelength coverage, the photon of ultraviolet band can be measured, and the anodic pulse rise time is 1.5ns, can be used for fast signal measurement.
The present invention utilizes bp scintillator, and to measure fission neutron information, (hydrogen atom wherein in fast neutron and bp scintillator collides and produces recoil proton, low energy neutron and boron 10 react and produce α particle), Cerenkov radiation body is added after bp scintillator, the intrinsic discrimination capabilities of Cerenkov is utilized to remove γ radiation in neutron irradiation to the impact of neutron flux measurement, therefore, the present invention does not limit by neutron energy, and the γ information can screened in neutron irradiation, improve the measuring accuracy of fission-neutron flux, simultaneously due to scintillator and Cerenkov fluorescent lifetime, very short (scintillator is about 10
-8~ 10
-9s, Cerenkov is less than 10
-9s), coordinate Fast Electronics read-out system, can be used for the Real-Time Monitoring of fission reaction neutron flux.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1), the present invention in order to realize the Real-Time Monitoring of fission neutron, place fast neutron conversion body, fluorescent reflection pipe, bp scintillator, Cerenkov light reflection tube, Cerenkov radiation body respectively along particle incident direction.
(2), the thickness of bp scintillator of the present invention is 1.8 ~ 2.2cm, can remove the impact of photon on neutron measurement, improve the counting of photon at Cerenkov radiation body; The thickness of Cerenkov radiation body is 2 ~ 3 radiation lengths, can improve the Cerenkov light that photon secondary produces.
(3), the layer structure protection body (probe body) that designs outward at probing medium of the present invention can ABSORPTION AND SCATTERING neutron and gamma-rays to greatest extent, reduces its impact on result of detection.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of fission reaction neutron flux real-time monitoring device of the present invention.
In figure, each numerology is as follows: 1, fast neutron conversion body; 2, bp scintillator; 3, fluorescent reflection pipe; 4, Cerenkov radiation body; 5, Cerenkov light reflection tube; 6, fluorescence photoconduction; 7, the first photomultiplier; 8, Cerenkov light photoconduction; 9, the second photomultiplier; 10, the first amplifier; 11, multichannel analyzer; 12, the second amplifier; 13, counter; 14, data handling system; 15, computing machine and data presentation system; 16, remote entry system; 17, probe body.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
With reference to Fig. 1, in fission reaction neutron flux real-time monitoring device of the present invention, fast neutron conversion body 1 and probe body 17 link together composition enclosure space, fast neutron conversion body 1 is used for and fast neutron reaction, improve fast-neutron detection efficiency, probe body 17 is used for preventing the neutron of scattering and photon from entering detector; Bp scintillator 2, fluorescent reflection pipe 3, fluorescence photoconduction 6, first photomultiplier (PMT1) 7, Cerenkov radiation body 4, Cerenkov light reflection tube 5, Cerenkov light photoconduction 8, second photomultiplier (PMT2) 9 are all arranged in the enclosure space that fast neutron conversion body 1 and probe body 17 form; Fluorescent reflection pipe 3 is hollow structure, its inwall is provided with fluorescent reflection layer, fluorescence photoconduction 6 is arranged on the openend of fluorescent reflection pipe 3, on fluorescent reflection pipe 3, one end of non-coating and fluorescence photoconduction 6 seal and form closed cavity, and bp scintillator 2 to be arranged in closed cavity that fluorescent reflection pipe 3 and fluorescence photoconduction 6 formed and to be connected with fluorescence photoconduction 6; Cerenkov light reflection tube 5 is hollow structure, its inwall is provided with Cerenkov reflection layer, Cerenkov radiation body 4 is arranged on the openend of Cerenkov light reflection tube 5 and Cerenkov light photoconduction 8, on Cerenkov light reflection tube 5, one end of non-coating and Cerenkov light photoconduction 8 seal and form closed cavity, and Cerenkov radiation body 4 to be arranged in closed cavity that Cerenkov light reflection tube 5 and Cerenkov light photoconduction 8 formed and to be connected with Cerenkov light photoconduction 8.
Fast neutron conversion body 1, fluorescent reflection pipe 3, bp scintillator 2, Cerenkov light reflection tube 5, Cerenkov radiation body 4 is placed respectively along particle incident direction, bp scintillator 2 is used for reacting with neutron and photon producing fluorescence, the fluorescent reflection layer of fluorescent reflection pipe 3 inwall is used for reflected fluorescent light makes fluorescence enter fluorescence photoconduction 6, Cerenkov radiation body 4 is used for reacting with secondary producing Cerenkov light, and the Cerenkov reflection layer of Cerenkov light reflection tube 5 is used for reflecting Cerenkov light makes it enter Cerenkov light photoconduction 8; First photomultiplier 7 is connected with fluorescence photoconduction 6, fluorescence photoconduction 6 is used for making fluorescent photon enter the first photomultiplier 7, first photomultiplier 7 is used for converting fluorescent photon to electric signal, second photomultiplier 9 is connected with Cerenkov light photoconduction 8, Cerenkov light photoconduction 8 is used for making Cerenkov light photon enter the second photomultiplier 9, second photomultiplier 9 and is used for converting Cerenkov light photon to electric signal.
First photomultiplier 7 is connected with the first amplifier 10 by cable, first amplifier 10 signal is amplified shaping after by cable input multichannel analyzer 11, second photomultiplier 9 is connected with the second amplifier 12 by cable, second amplifier 12 signal is amplified shaping after by cable enter counter 13, multichannel analyzer 11 sum counter 13 by the signal that collects by cable input data processing system 14, data handling system 14 utilizes modern mathematics analysis skill to provide neutron flux information, and these data are sent to computing machine and data presentation system 15, data presentation system shows neutron flux information in real time, computing machine is connected by telephone wire or netting twine with remote entry system 16 with data presentation system 15, remote entry system can be utilized to carry out Long-distance Control and self-inspection.
The present invention in the specific implementation, bp scintillator 2, Cerenkov radiation body 4 can be bought from crystal production manufacturer, as: Saint Gobain, the thickness of the bp scintillator of the present embodiment is 1.8 ~ 2.2cm, and Cerenkov radiation body can be organic glass, optics lead glass, PbF
2or fused quartz, thickness is 2 ~ 3 radiation lengths; Length 2 ~ the 2.5cm larger than the length of bp scintillator of Cerenkov radiation body, the width 2 ~ 2.5cm larger than the width of bp scintillator of Cerenkov radiation body.First photomultiplier 7, second photomultiplier 9 can be bought from photomultiplier production firm, as: Hamamatsu, first photomultiplier 7 of the present embodiment adopts R2083 type photomultiplier, the anodic pulse rise time is 0.7ns, and the second photomultiplier 9 adopts measures the R1926A model that wavelength coverage is 160nm ~ 850nm.Amplifier oneself exploitation also can be bought, multichannel analyzer 11 sum counter 13 is directly bought, as the product of ORTEC or Canberra company, fast neutron conversion body 1 designs according to analog result, utilize rich hydrogen thing for fast neutron conversion body, fluorescent reflection pipe 3, fluorescence photoconduction 6, Cerenkov light reflection tube 5 and Cerenkov light photoconduction 8 adopt prior art, probe body 17 is by a large amount of tests and analogue simulation, a kind of more satisfactory structure is devised according to actual conditions, be followed successively by the tungsten layer of 1 ~ 1.2cm from outside to inside, the boracic high-density polyethylene layer of 0.5 ~ 0.6cm, wherein the mass ratio of boracic 10 is 8% ~ 10%, 0.5cm austenite stainless steel layer.
The course of work of the present invention is: by fast neutron conversion body 1 in device just to neutron and γ incident direction, when neutron and γ enter in bp scintillator 2, atomic reaction of hydrogen in fast neutron and bp scintillator 2 produces recoil proton, boron 10 in low energy neutron and bp scintillator 2 reacts and generates lithium 7 and α particle, γ photon and bp scintillator 2 react and produce positron-electron, recoil proton, lithium 7, α particle and positron-electron make the atom in bp scintillator 2 or molecule excite, these atoms or molecule send out emitting fluorescence photon middle at de excitation, fluorescence photoconduction 6 is entered after the reflection of these fluorescent photons by fluorescent reflection layer, finally enter the first photomultiplier 7 and convert electric signal to, be exaggerated device 10 amplification and enter multichannel analyzer 11, if these secondary charged particle are not all deposited on energy in bp scintillator 2, then likely enter Cerenkov radiation body 4, compared to positron-electron, much smaller and the penetration capacity of the speed of proton, lithium 7, α particle much smaller than positron-electron, then for selected machine glass, optics lead glass, PbF
2, fused quartz, positron-electron can produce Cerenkov light wherein, and proton, lithium 7, α particle cannot produce Cerenkov light, this shows the information can being measured the γ photon of original incident by Cerenkov light, Cerenkov light photoconduction 8 is entered after these Cerenkov light photon reflections by Cerenkov reflection layer, finally enter the second photomultiplier 9 and convert electric signal to, amplified by the second amplifier 12 and enter counter 13, the data that multichannel analyzer 11 sum counter 13 gathers all send into data handling system 14, obtain fission-neutron flux information, and show in real time by computing machine and data presentation system 15 and regularly store, and in the management system that these data can be transferred to user and control system.
In sum, fission reaction neutron flux real-time monitoring device of the present invention, has very fast fluorescent lifetime, in conjunction with Fast Electronics, can be used for Real-Time Monitoring fission-neutron flux.Incident direction along particle places monitoring device, after neutron and gamma-rays enter bp scintillator, generates e with the effect of material
+/ e
-, recoil proton and α particle, can in scintillator sedimentary energy excite generation fluorescence, the reflecting material reflection of fluorescence outside scintillator finally enters the first photomultiplier, provides the information that neutron adds γ after photomultiplier amplifies.Compared to gamma-ray secondary charged particle e
+/ e
-, the speed of proton and α particle is comparatively slow, after secondary enters Cerenkov radiation body, only has e
+/ e
-can Cerenkov light be produced, utilize electrooptical device to collect Cerenkov light, the information of γ can be provided after the second photomultiplier amplifies.Two paths of signals is subtracted each other the flux information that can obtain neutron.Difference simultaneously in conjunction with pulse rise time judges n, γ signal, improves the measuring accuracy of pulsed neutron flux further.
The above; be only the present invention's preferably specific embodiments; protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses, the simple change of the technical scheme that can obtain apparently or equivalence are replaced and are all fallen within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a fission reaction neutron flux real-time monitoring device, it is characterized in that, comprise fast neutron conversion body (1), bp scintillator (2), fluorescent reflection pipe (3), Cerenkov radiation body (4), Cerenkov light reflection tube (5), fluorescence photoconduction (6), first photomultiplier (7), Cerenkov light photoconduction (8), second photomultiplier (9), first amplifier (10) and the second amplifier (12), multichannel analyzer (11), counter (13), data handling system (14), computing machine and data presentation system (15), telnet system (16) and probe body (17), fast neutron conversion body (1) is facing to particle incident direction, fast neutron conversion body (1,) to link together composition enclosure space with probe body (17), bp scintillator (2), fluorescent reflection pipe (3), fluorescence photoconduction (6), the first photomultiplier (7), Cerenkov radiation body (4), Cerenkov light reflection tube (5), Cerenkov light photoconduction (8), the second photomultiplier (9) are all arranged in the enclosure space that fast neutron conversion body (1) and probe body (17) form,
Fluorescent reflection pipe (3) is hollow structure, its inwall is provided with fluorescent reflection layer, the openend that fluorescence photoconduction (6) is arranged on fluorescent reflection pipe (3) forms closed cavity, and it is interior and be connected with fluorescence photoconduction (6) that bp scintillator (2) is arranged on closed cavity that fluorescent reflection pipe (3) and fluorescence photoconduction (6) formed; Cerenkov light reflection tube (5) is hollow structure, its inwall is provided with Cerenkov reflection layer, the openend that Cerenkov radiation body (4) is arranged on Cerenkov light reflection tube (5) and Cerenkov light photoconduction (8) forms closed cavity, and it is interior and be connected with Cerenkov light photoconduction (8) that Cerenkov radiation body (4) is arranged on closed cavity that Cerenkov light reflection tube (5) and Cerenkov light photoconduction (8) formed;
Fast neutron conversion body (1), fluorescent reflection pipe (3), bp scintillator (2), Cerenkov light reflection tube (5), Cerenkov radiation body (4) is placed respectively along particle incident direction; Fluorescence photoconduction (6) is connected with the first photomultiplier (7), first photomultiplier (7) is connected with the first amplifier (10), first amplifier (10) is connected with multichannel analyzer (11), Cerenkov light photoconduction (8) is connected with the second photomultiplier (9), second photomultiplier (9) is connected with the second amplifier (12), and the second amplifier (12) is connected with counter (13); Multichannel analyzer (11) sum counter (13) is connection data disposal system (14), computing machine and data presentation system (15) successively, and computing machine is connected by telephone wire or netting twine with remote entry system (16) with data presentation system (15).
2. fission reaction neutron flux real-time monitoring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described probe body (17) is layer structure, be followed successively by the tungsten layer of 1 ~ 1.2cm from outside to inside, the boracic high-density polyethylene layer of 0.5 ~ 0.6cm, 0.5cm austenite stainless steel layer, boron 10 mass ratio wherein in boracic high-density polyethylene layer is 8%--~ 10%.
3. fission reaction neutron flux real-time monitoring device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of bp scintillator (2) is 1.8 ~ 2.2cm.
4. fission reaction neutron flux real-time monitoring device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, Cerenkov radiation body (4) is organic glass, optics lead glass, PbF
2or fused quartz, thickness is 2 ~ 3 radiation lengths.
5. fission reaction neutron flux real-time monitoring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, length 2 ~ the 2.5cm larger than the length of bp scintillator (2) of Cerenkov radiation body (4), the width 2 ~ 2.5cm larger than the width of bp scintillator (2) of Cerenkov radiation body (4).
6. fission reaction neutron flux real-time monitoring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first photomultiplier (7) selects the photomultiplier R2083 model of Hamamatsu company, and the anodic pulse rise time of R2083 type PMT is 0.7ns.
7. fission reaction neutron flux real-time monitoring device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the photomultiplier R1926A model of Hamamatsu company selected by the second photomultiplier (9), and it is 160nm ~ 850nm that R1926A measures wavelength coverage.
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