CN104462244A - Smart city heterogeneous data sharing method based on meta model - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a smart city heterogeneous data sharing method based on a meta model. The smart city heterogeneous data sharing method based on the meta model comprises the first step of establishing a city data meta model modeling frame according to the MOF meta modeling theory, the second step of establishing a city data meta model universal element set according to city data characteristics and description requirements, the third step of developing a data meta model special element set according to city data basic classification and a special element set expansion mode, the fourth step of forming a meta model universal element set and special element set formalization method on the basis of XML template modeling, the fifth step of achieving network directory services and data services and establishing an open city data meta model registering and managing platform, and the sixth step of designing a city data fine granularity discovery interface and obtaining data according to practical application requirements of users. According to the smart city heterogeneous data sharing method based on the meta model, an open and standard city heterogeneous data sharing solution is provided for users, support is provided for city heterogeneous data online access, follow-up processing and collaborative application, and the method is efficient, practical and reliable during city heterogeneous data sharing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to smart city information sharing and bridging technology field, relate to the method that a kind of city isomeric data is shared, particularly relate to a kind of smart city isomeric data based on meta-model and share method.
Background technology
Along with the development in city, the urban issueses such as population expansion, traffic jam, environmental pollution, energy shortage constantly increase, and smart city concept is arisen at the historic moment.Smart city is the urban development theory according to science, utilize generation information technology, on ubiquitous information complete perception and interconnected basis, realize seamless link between people, thing, city function system with the collaborative intelligence linked from perception, self-adaptation, self-optimizing, thus the multiple city demands such as the people's livelihood, environmental protection, public safety, city function, commercial activity are made to the response of intelligence, form safe, convenient, efficient, the green urban morphology possessing the inner system dynamics of sustainable development.
Present stage, along with the fast development that China smart city is built, Urban Data capacity and type present explosive growth, Data Source is rich and varied, isomeric data characteristic remarkable, especially a large amount of stream medium datas (as the data such as traffic video, safety and protection monitoring) and in real time dynamic city real-time observed data (as sensing datas such as meteorology, environmental protection, location) are emerged in large numbers, and these data of effective management and use become a major challenge.Simultaneously, informationization due to China's city operations and management is the process of a gradual perfection, for the system that different applications is implemented in different times dispersion, owing to performing different standards in running environment, Database Systems, method of service, information coding rule, operation flow definition etc., system cannot interconnect, information can not extensively be shared.When cross-cutting in the face of concrete city, most according to synergistic application time, Urban Data resource presents not only much but also fewer situation: the archive data existed in every way that city has the large scale of construction and the running status real time data produced continually, because Data Source is different, data layout is different, data content describe fuzzy, the quality of data is uneven, huge etc. the reason of data acquiring mode difference, cause for specifically cross-cutting, most according to synergistic application time, data can not be understood fully, obtain widely and effectively utilize.
Therefore, in the face of the Urban Data of magnanimity like this, isomery, dispersion, how by huge and the isomeric data of complexity unified, describe all sidedly and carry out the integrated management that opens, there is provided accurate, convenient, the effective data of user to find and obtain interface, impel the extensive Share and interoperability of Urban Data, become present stage smart city and build key problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.
In internet data is shared, traditional data sharing technology mainly comprises semantic tagger and Web API technology, the standard of semantic tagger technology mainly comprises Microformat, RDFa, Microdata etc., but semantic tagger technology has usable range is narrower, descriptive power is limited shortcoming, Web API technology is that current data sharing application adopts maximum forms, and shortcoming is that open interface is inconsistent, the data returned do not have relevance, and what thus can not realize between data is interconnected.In addition, Tim Berners-Lee proposed the concept of internet data (Linked Data) first in 2006, it is one of theme of semantic net, described the method being issued, share, connect all kinds of resource in Web by linkable URI mode.Internet data (Linked Data) is the realization of the data describing framework in semantic net, and it is a kind of by issuing the framework that structural data makes data interconnection and then improves market demand value.It is fairly simple to the description of data, technical sophistication, difficult in maintenance.The people such as Fan propose a kind of thought expanding Internet of Things---IOD(Internet of Data) data are analogized to entity in Internet of Things, and utilizing data label to carry out data correlation, is a kind of new thinking realizing data sharing.But it mainly limits for multi-medium data and there is the problem such as content distortion, algorithm complexity.
In geographic information services is shared, OGC(Open Geographic Information System association) propose Web Map Services (WMS), Web Feature Service (WFS), Web geography covers geographic information services standard such as service (WCS), slice map Web service (WMTS) etc.WMS can return corresponding map (comprise PNG, the grid such as GIF, JPEG, or SVG and WEB CGM isovector form) according to the request of user; WFS supports the insertion to geographic element, upgrades, and deletes, retrieval and discovery service; WCS provides the space lattice layer containing geographical location information or attribute, instead of the access of static map.WMTS correspond to slice of data access stencil, just needs to call WMTS service as realized world figure stepless zooming operation.Microsoft provides Internet Information Services(IIS, Internet Information Service), issue local resource by the form setting up website, provide local static data, as multi-medium data, as the quick access of video, picture, text.These network services be single existence or certain severally to exist together, one or several data modes can only be confined in the access, lack unifiedly to find for diversiform data, access.
In real-time observed data is shared, 2006 Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) issued the service of SOS(sensors observe) 1.0 versions, within 2012, Open Geospatial Consortium has issued SOS 2.0 version.SOS provides management of sensor registration and finds the API of sensing data, and by this service, client can obtain the observation data of one or more sensor with the standard interface of SOS.Sensors observe service is suitable for the data of hourly observation attribute-observed reading form, does not support other data types.
Comprehensive analysis, share method towards city isomeric data at present and there is following problem:
1) existing shortage Top-layer Design Method and the many-side to diversiform data are described in detail, and various data easily form information island, and various data source cannot be fullyed understand, finds;
2) lack a kind of cross-platform, general data find and obtain interface, can not meet user and accurately find data fine granularity, various data can not fully, effectively be utilized;
3) lack unified informationization integration management platform, can not realize interconnecting between each data message system, corporate action ability cannot be formed.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention proposes a kind of smart city isomeric data based on meta-model and sharing method.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of smart city isomeric data based on meta-model shares method, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: based on MOF(meta object facility) Meta Model theory, build Urban Data meta-model modeling framework;
Step 2: according to Urban Data feature and the demand of description, builds Urban Data meta-model general element collection;
Step 3: according to Urban Data basic classification and special element set mode of extension, the special element set of development dataset meta-model;
Step 4: based on the modeling of XML template, forms meta-model general element collection and special element set formalization method;
Step 5: realize network directory service, data, services, sets up the registration of open Urban Data meta-model and management platform;
Step 6: according to user's practical application request, design city data fine granularity finds interface and obtains data.
As preferably, the specific implementation of described step 1 comprises following sub-step:
Step 1.1: theoretical based on MOF Meta Model, according to Urban Data modeling actual features, adopts conclusion, abstract method, builds four layer data meta-model modeling frameworks of unified abstract syntax and standard;
Step 1.2: share demand and data essential characteristic according to Urban Data under the background of smart city, builds " label ", " content " in information descriptor metamodel, " quality ", " distribution " and " reference " five large element module class.
As preferably, the specific implementation of described step 2 comprises following sub-step:
Step 2.1: according to data characteristics and the demand of description, on the basis of five large element module classes, the large meta-model component of development DMM_identifacation, DMM_producteTag, DMM_distrubutionFormat, DMM_dataQuality, DMM_transferType, DMM_distrubutorContact, DMM_spatialDimension, DMM_temporalDimension, DMM_ contentType, DMM_metaReference ten;
Step 2.2: with reference to quoting or expand the associated metadata elements in existing geographic information standard, development dataset meta-model general element set on ten large meta-model member base.
As preferably, the specific implementation of described step 3 comprises following sub-step:
Step 3.1: according to available data classification, consider Urban Data characteristic, build Data classification under smart city, specifically comprises vector, image, landform, three-dimensional model, thematic attribute, Real-Time Monitoring, Streaming Media, the large type Urban Data of document data eight;
Step 3.2: the special element set mode of extension of regulation meta-model, investigate all types of data characteristic, with meta-model " five-tuple " framework for core, with " ten large meta-model components " for border, the basis of general element collection builds the special element set of data meta-model, forms eight large types and pass the special element set of data meta-model.
As preferably, the specific implementation of described step 4 comprises following sub-step:
Step 4.1: based on Meta model framework and each element set, set up uml class figure, adopts XML coding techniques, design general element collection and special element set formalization template;
Step 4.2: load corresponding type meta-model formalization template, according to concrete data set each side feature, by wizard-like modeling format flow process piecemeal, sets up data meta-model example by different level.
As preferably, the specific implementation of described step 5 comprises following sub-step:
Step 5.1: realize network directory service, data, services, is undertaken registering and issuing data, services by the meta-model example completed;
Step 5.2: to registered meta-model instance management, carries out increasing, deletes, revises, renewal rewards theory.
As preferably, the specific implementation of described step 6 comprises following sub-step:
Step 6.1: according to user's practical application request, design comprise " data label ", " data content ", " quality of data ", " Data dissemination ", " data reference " five broad aspect different levels combination fine granularity find interface;
Step 6.2: the data meta-model provided is returned to retrieval and resolves, obtain data each side information, obtain desired data by data, services.
The present invention has the following advantages and good effect:
(1) realize the unified description comprehensively of city isomeric data, be convenient to network and share.By to multi-source heterogeneous Urban Data modeling, reflect the information of the aspects such as Data Identification, content, quality, distribution, reference comprehensively, comprehensive representation and Unify legislation are carried out to the public attribute of data; Devise special element set mode of extension, support the expression of the otherness information to numerous types of data.Realize isomery, magnanimity Urban Data various aspects Unified Expression, meet diversified sign demand simultaneously;
(2) realize city isomeric data fine granularity to find, improve data service efficiency.Retrieve at many levels based on data meta-model multi-angle, the data available set meeting particular data demand can be obtained, achieve data set and efficiently accurately find.To the tracing to the source of data, assess, Analyzes and nurses has great contribution.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: be process flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2: be the Urban Data meta-model modeling framework based on MOF Meta Model that in the embodiment of the present invention, step 1.1 is set up.
Fig. 3: be the data meta-model general framework that in the embodiment of the present invention, step 1.2 is set up.
Fig. 4: be the Urban Data classification that in the embodiment of the present invention, step 3.1 is set up.
Fig. 5: be the special element set mode of extension of data meta-model that in the embodiment of the present invention, step 3.2 is set up.
Fig. 6: be the data meta-model uml diagram that in the embodiment of the present invention, step 4.1 is set up.
Fig. 7: be the data meta-model example that in the embodiment of the present invention, step 4.2 is set up.
embodiment
Understand for the ease of those of ordinary skill in the art and implement the present invention, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail, should be appreciated that exemplifying embodiment described herein is only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Under the background of smart city, the present invention supports the description to all cities isomeric data more all sidedly, for user provide a kind of city isomeric data share with interoperability by way of, for city isomeric data online access, subsequent treatment and synergistic application provide support, it is high efficiency practical reliable method during city isomeric data is shared.
Ask for an interview Fig. 1, the present embodiment is disposed for fuel gas pipeline leakage blast emergency response in smart city the Urban Data related to and is set up shared mechanism, and the specific implementation flow process of embodiment is as follows:
Step 1: theoretical based on MOF Meta Model, builds Urban Data meta-model modeling framework.
Step 1.1: based on MOF(meta object facility) Meta Model theory, abstract, conclusion city isomeric data key concept, basic object, set up the modeling framework (as Fig. 2) of the metamodel metadata layer of city isomeric data Meta Model, meta-model layer, model layer and instance layer from top to bottom.
Step 1.2: according to Urban Data integrated management under the background of smart city, collaboratively the shared demand such as to call, analyze data essential characteristic, emphasis builds the information descriptor metamodel comprising the five large element module classes such as " label (Tag) ", " content (Content) ", " quality (Quality) ", " distribution (Distribution) " and " with reference to (Reference) ".This five large element module class contains the various aspects that data sharing relates to substantially, can meet the demand to data sharing such as smart city management as comprehensive emergency response disposal by follow-up succession, expansion.
Step 2: according to Urban Data feature and the demand of description, builds Urban Data meta-model general element collection.
Step 2.1: according to data characteristics and the demand of description, on the basis of five large element module classes, development basic identification (DMM_identifacation), produce mark (DMM_producteTag), content type (DMM_contentType), Spatial Dimension (DMM_spatialDimension), time dimension (DMM_temporalDimension), the quality of data (DMM_dataQuality), distribution formats (DMM_distrubutionFormat), distribution contact (DMM_distrubutorContact), ways of distribution (DMM_transferType), the ten large meta-model components (as Fig. 3) such as reference information (DMM_metaReference),
Step 2.2: with reference to quoting or expanding the associated metadata elements in existing geographic information standard (as geographical spatial data set metadata content standard, ISO geographic information metadata standard, scientific library metadata standard, China sustainable development information sharing metadata standard etc.), development dataset meta-model general element set on ten large meta-model member base, it comprises the common metadata description entry of different cities data type more, as basic title, keyword, date etc.;
Step 3: according to Urban Data basic classification and special element set mode of extension, the special element set of development dataset meta-model.
Step 3.1: classify according to available data, consider the characteristic of Urban Data, build the lower Data classification of smart city application, specifically comprise the eight large type Urban Datas (as Fig. 4) such as vector, image, landform, three-dimensional model, thematic attribute, Real-Time Monitoring, Streaming Media, document data;
Step 3.2: the special element set mode of extension of regulation meta-model, Fig. 5 illustrates the special element set mode of extension of data meta-model, with meta-model " five-tuple " framework for core, with " ten large meta-model components " for border, the basis of general element collection builds the special element set of data meta-model, forms eight large types and pass the special element set of data meta-model.
Step 4: based on the modeling of XML template, forms meta-model general element collection and special element set formalization method.
Step 4.1: based on Meta model framework and each element set, set up uml class figure (as Fig. 6), adopt XML coding techniques accordingly, design general element collection and eight large categorical datas special element set formalization template, be stored in the template base of system, this template is convenient to system loads template fast, set up required data meta-model example to standardization;
Step 4.2: according to concrete data type, system loads corresponding type meta-model formalization template, according to concrete data set each side feature, by wizard-like modeling format flow process piecemeal, sets up data meta-model example by different level.For the embody rule that smart city fuel gas pipeline leakage blast emergency response is disposed, Urban Data element of set model instance widely can be pre-created, as urban underground gas Monitoring Pinpelines data, " Real-time Monitoring Data " type is selected to load corresponding special element set template, fill in the every terms of information of element set template, form the meta-model example (if Fig. 7 is public bus network vector data meta-model) of gas pipeline Monitoring Data, by that analogy, the meta-model case library comprising all kinds data such as city orthography, topomap, three-dimensional model, pipeline can be set up.The model instance of these canonical forms not only have recorded the information of data various aspects, also comprises data acquiring mode.
Step 5: realize network directory service, data, services, sets up the registration of open Urban Data meta-model and management platform.
Step 5.1: the directory service center model instance of foundation being registered to system, can realize registration management in distributed data meta-model example set.According to data type and concrete externally obtain manner, set up data acquisition service.As set up sensors observe service (SOS) for the data of Real-Time Monitoring; Can delivery network Feature Service WFS for vector data; Service (WCS) etc. can be covered by delivery network for raster data;
Step 5.2: to registered city isomeric data meta-model example, integrated management can be carried out to it, system provides the operations such as increase, deletion, amendment, renewal, association to data, services, renewal rewards theory are also provided simultaneously, make this integrated management can carrying out the various Urban Datas physically distributed in logic of management.
Step 6: according to user's practical application request, design city data fine granularity finds interface and obtains data.
Step 6.1: according to user's practical application request, the combination fine granularity that design comprises the five broad aspect different levels such as " data label ", " data content ", " quality of data ", " Data dissemination ", " data reference " finds interface, and at system display interactive interface, enable user obtain desirable data for particular demands.As needed the different themes of certain space scope, time range, dissimilar data acquisition in gas leakage response process of emergency system, can find that interface carrys out precise search by data;
Step 6.2: the data meta-model provided is returned to retrieval and resolves, obtain the multi-aspect informations such as Data Identification, content, quality, form, responsible official, data can be obtained by the data, services comprised, as the sensors observe service (SOS) by gas pipeline Monitoring Data meta-model record can obtain Monitoring Data that is real-time and history, corresponding vector data etc. can be obtained by the vector data service mode of record.
So far, the city isomeric data namely completed based on meta-model in smart city shares overall process, relates to meta-model proposition, model instance foundation, model instance management, model instance discovery and data acquisition.Propose data meta-model this cover data various aspects information, and expressed by XML coding Unified Formization, achieve comprehensive sign, the Unified Expression to city heterogeneous data information, each field, smart city that is embodied as of the isomeric data management of simultaneously registration service Network Based, sensors observe service and other many services and shared platform is applied the data integration, the synergistic application that relate to and is provided efficient instrument.In a word, be high efficiency practical reliable method during city isomeric data is shared.
Should be understood that, the part that this instructions does not elaborate all belongs to prior art.
Should be understood that; the above-mentioned description for preferred embodiment is comparatively detailed; therefore the restriction to scope of patent protection of the present invention can not be thought; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; do not departing under the ambit that the claims in the present invention protect; can also make and replacing or distortion, all fall within protection scope of the present invention, request protection domain of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (7)
1. the smart city isomeric data based on meta-model shares a method, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: based on MOF(meta object facility) Meta Model theory, build Urban Data meta-model modeling framework;
Step 2: according to Urban Data feature and the demand of description, builds Urban Data meta-model general element collection;
Step 3: according to Urban Data basic classification and special element set mode of extension, the special element set of development dataset meta-model;
Step 4: based on the modeling of XML template, forms meta-model general element collection and special element set formalization method;
Step 5: realize network directory service, data, services, sets up the registration of open Urban Data meta-model and management platform;
Step 6: according to user's practical application request, design city data fine granularity finds interface and obtains data.
2. the smart city isomeric data based on meta-model according to claim 1 shares method, it is characterized in that: the specific implementation of described step 1 comprises following sub-step:
Step 1.1: theoretical based on MOF Meta Model, according to Urban Data modeling actual features, adopts conclusion, abstract method, builds four layer data meta-model modeling frameworks of unified abstract syntax and standard;
Step 1.2: share demand and data essential characteristic according to Urban Data under the background of smart city, builds " label ", " content " in information descriptor metamodel, " quality ", " distribution " and " reference " five large element module class.
3. the smart city isomeric data based on meta-model according to claim 2 shares method, it is characterized in that: the specific implementation of described step 2 comprises following sub-step:
Step 2.1: according to data characteristics and the demand of description, on the basis of five large element module classes, the large meta-model component of development DMM_identifacation, DMM_producteTag, DMM_distrubutionFormat, DMM_dataQuality, DMM_transferType, DMM_distrubutorContact, DMM_spatialDimension, DMM_temporalDimension, DMM_ contentType, DMM_metaReference ten;
Step 2.2: with reference to quoting or expand the associated metadata elements in existing geographic information standard, development dataset meta-model general element set on ten large meta-model member base.
4. the smart city isomeric data based on meta-model according to claim 3 shares method, it is characterized in that: the specific implementation of described step 3 comprises following sub-step:
Step 3.1: according to available data classification, consider Urban Data characteristic, build Data classification under smart city, specifically comprises vector, image, landform, three-dimensional model, thematic attribute, Real-Time Monitoring, Streaming Media, the large type Urban Data of document data eight;
Step 3.2: the special element set mode of extension of regulation meta-model, investigate all types of data characteristic, with meta-model " five-tuple " framework for core, with " ten large meta-model components " for border, the basis of general element collection builds the special element set of data meta-model, forms eight large types and pass the special element set of data meta-model.
5. the smart city isomeric data based on meta-model according to claim 1 shares method, it is characterized in that: the specific implementation of described step 4 comprises following sub-step:
Step 4.1: based on Meta model framework and each element set, set up uml class figure, adopts XML coding techniques, design general element collection and special element set formalization template;
Step 4.2: load corresponding type meta-model formalization template, according to concrete data set each side feature, by wizard-like modeling format flow process piecemeal, sets up data meta-model example by different level.
6. the smart city isomeric data based on meta-model according to claim 1 shares method, it is characterized in that: the specific implementation of described step 5 comprises following sub-step:
Step 5.1: realize network directory service, data, services, is undertaken registering and issuing data, services by the meta-model example completed;
Step 5.2: to registered meta-model instance management, carries out increasing, deletes, revises, renewal rewards theory.
7. the smart city isomeric data based on meta-model according to claim 1 shares method, it is characterized in that: the specific implementation of described step 6 comprises following sub-step:
Step 6.1: according to user's practical application request, design comprise " data label ", " data content ", " quality of data ", " Data dissemination ", " data reference " five broad aspect different levels combination fine granularity find interface;
Step 6.2: the data meta-model provided is returned to retrieval and resolves, obtain data each side information, obtain desired data by data, services.
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