CN104458108A - Method for measuring pressure drop of liquid metal pipe flow magnetic fluid under high-intensity magnetic field - Google Patents
Method for measuring pressure drop of liquid metal pipe flow magnetic fluid under high-intensity magnetic field Download PDFInfo
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- CN104458108A CN104458108A CN201410764117.7A CN201410764117A CN104458108A CN 104458108 A CN104458108 A CN 104458108A CN 201410764117 A CN201410764117 A CN 201410764117A CN 104458108 A CN104458108 A CN 104458108A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for measuring the pressure drop of liquid metal pipe flow magnetic fluid under a high-intensity magnetic field. According to the method, liquid metal flows in a steel pipe, the direction of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the flowing direction, electrodynamic potentials are generated on the two sides of the steel pipe, and measurement can be conducted by installing potential probes on the two sides of the steel pipe. The potential difference obtained through measurement is subjected to theoretical calculation, and then pressure gradient information at the position of the pipe is directly obtained. When neither the magnetic filed in the direction of the pipe nor the pipe changes, the pressure gradient keeps constant, and the pressure drop of an inlet and an outlet of the pipe is directly obtained by multiplying by the pressure gradient by the length of the pipe. For a round pipe, the relational expression of the pressure gradient and the potential difference is independent of physical property parameters and the flow speed of the liquid metal inside the pipe and only dependent on the size of the pipe, the physical property parameters and parameters of the magnetic field, and therefore pressure drop measurement under various flowing conditions can be completed only by measuring the potential difference of the two sides of the wall of the pipe. The method has the advantages that measurement is conducted without invasion into the fluid, flowing of the fluid is not disturbed, superhigh temperature fluid can be borne, and the measurement process is convenient and simple.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to liquid metal drop measurement technical field, a kind of liquid metal pipeline stream magnetic fluid drop measurement method specifically under high-intensity magnetic field.
Background technology
Drop measurement is the important content during thermal-hydraulic is measured.In magnetic confinement fusion heap, liquid metal covering is in strong magnetic field circumstance, and its flowing presents special magnetic fluid (MHD) effect, and wherein MHD pressure drop is wherein most important MHD effect.Under strong magnetic field action, the liquid metal cutting magnetic field of flowing, produce induction current, this electric current forms Lorentz power under magnetic fields, hinders fluid flowing, forms MHD pressure drop.This pressure drop, can be larger than common pipe flow pressure drop 10 ~ 100 times according to the power of magnetic field intensity, is one of core content of liquid metal covering thermal-hydraulic research to its Measurement accuracy.
The drop measurement technical requirement of liquid metal covering meets three features below:
(1) high temperature resistant: the temperature >300 DEG C measuring liquid medium;
(2) corrosion-resistant: the medium of measurement is liquid metal alloy, has certain corrosivity;
(3) diamagnetic field: require that the working environment that pressure (differential pressure) is counted is high-intensity magnetic field >2T;
Conventional high temperature fluent metal drop measurement technology adopts pressure transducer, the pressure reduction △ P on measuring channel between concrete 2.High temperature fluent metal contact corrosion-and high-temp-resistant diaphragm (being generally steel matter), pressure makes it be out of shape, and pressure is passed to pressure transducer by incompressible medium (as silicone oil) by diaphragm deformation.Mechanics sensor of a great variety, as resistance strain gage pressure transducer, semiconductor gauge pressure transducer, piezoresistive pressure sensor, inductance pressure transducer, capacitance pressure transducer, etc.
Conventional this pressure transducer metering system working temperature <300 DEG C, so when measuring high temperature fluent metal, need with pressure guiding pipe derive lower the temperature after measure.Use pressure guiding pipe, invade fluid, convection cell has disturbance, and has electric current between the stationary fluid in pressure guiding pipe and the streaming flow in main pipeline, forms partial drop of pressure difference, bring error to drop measurement under magnetic fields.During Long-Time Service, film contact high temperature fluent metal, its corroded after deformation performance and precision have decline.And period out of service, may have operative liquid metal freezing on diaphragm, the time is longer affects its deformation precision.
Summary of the invention
In order to make up the weak point of existing pressure transducer meter under high temperature fluent metal strong magnetic field circumstance, the invention provides a kind of novel liquid metal drop measurement technology, be specially a kind of liquid metal pipeline stream magnetic fluid drop measurement method under high-intensity magnetic field, the method does not invade fluid and measures, fluid is not disturbed to flow, superhigh temperature fluid can be born, measure convenient and simple.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of liquid metal pipeline stream magnetic fluid drop measurement method under high-intensity magnetic field, comprise magnetic field generator, a pair potential probe, signal lead, voltmeter, liquid metal is at steel Bottomhole pressure, magnetic direction is perpendicular to flow direction, then induction electromotive force will be produced in the both sides of steel pipe, potential probe is installed in steel pipe both sides and measures electric potential difference, electric potential difference signal passes through potential probe successively, signal lead, be transferred to voltmeter, the electric potential difference data that voltmeter reads, pressure gradient data or other related streams field data of segment pipe is for this reason changed through theory calculate.
Further, described potential probe is symmetrically welded at metallic conduit and is parallel on the both sides outer wall in magnetic field, and the material of probe is identical with pipe material, to avoid the thermoelectrical potential interference potential difference signal between unlike material.
Further, the outer end connection signal lead-in wire of described potential probe, signal lead material also keeps identical with described electrode catheter material, disturbs to avoid the thermoelectrical potential between different materials.
Further, two signal lead ends connect voltmeter, and volt counts high precision voltmeter, this high precision voltmeter measuring accuracy millivolt level.
Further, described electric potential difference data are converted to the pressure gr. adient signal of this segment pipe through theory calculate, after electric potential difference data acquisition, can obtain pressure gradient information according to the electric potential difference of concrete pipeline and pressure gradient relational expression, the computing formula when pipeline is pipe is as follows:
In formula:
---induction electromotive force, V;
K
1---end shunt effect, its size gets 0.33 ~ 0.357 usually;
σ
w---wall conductance, S/m;
B---magnetic field intensity, T;
L---straight pipeline length, m;
D---internal diameter of the pipeline, m;
D---outer diameter tube, m.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:
(1), liquid metal pipeline stream magnetic fluid drop measurement method, owing to taking above technical scheme, does not invade fluid and measures, do not disturb fluid to flow, can bear superhigh temperature fluid, measure convenient and simple under a kind of high-intensity magnetic field of the present invention;
(2), under a kind of high-intensity magnetic field of the present invention, liquid metal pipeline stream magnetic fluid drop measurement method is not subject to magnetic interference, so meet the Test Cycle of fusion reactor liquid metal covering.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is potential measurement method schematic diagram in the present invention; Wherein 1 is voltmeter, and 2 is potential probe 1, and 3 is potential probe 2, and 4 is magnetic direction, and 5 is flow direction.
Fig. 2 is potential probe installation site figure of the present invention, and wherein, (a) is upward view, and (b) is right view, and (c) is front elevation.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment.
A kind of liquid metal drop measurement of the present invention method, main measuring object is pipeline both sides electric potential differences, and its main measurement component comprises a pair potential probe, signal lead and high precision voltmeter.Described electrode catheter is symmetrically welded at metallic conduit and is parallel on the both sides outer wall in magnetic field, and the material of probe is identical with pipe material, to avoid the thermoelectrical potential interference potential difference signal between unlike material.Probe outer end connecting lead wire, lead-in wire material also keeps identical with probe material, disturbs to avoid the thermoelectrical potential between different materials.Two lead terminal connect high precision voltmeter, measuring accuracy millivolt level.
After electric potential difference signal acquisition, pressure gradient information can be obtained according to the electric potential difference of concrete pipeline and pressure gradient relational expression, below formula be electric potential difference and the pressure dependence formula of circular pipe:
In formula:
---induction electromotive force, V;
K
1---end shunt effect, its size gets 0.33 ~ 0.357 usually;
σ
w---wall conductance, S/m;
B---magnetic field intensity, T;
L---straight pipeline length, m;
D---internal diameter of the pipeline, m;
D---outer diameter tube, m.
The electric signal that high-intensity magnetic field current downflow liquid metal produces, successively by potential probe, lead-in wire, is transferred to voltmeter.For reducing thermoelectrical potential to the interference of electric potential signal, potential probe selects material identical with pipeline with lead-in wire.The data that voltmeter reads, namely can be exchanged into the pressure drop signal of this segment pipe through the process of formula (1).
This method, owing to taking above technical scheme, does not invade fluid and measures, and does not disturb fluid to flow, and can bear superhigh temperature fluid, measures convenient and simple, not by magnetic interference, so meet the Test Cycle of fusion reactor liquid metal covering.
Non-elaborated part of the present invention belongs to the known technology of those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. liquid metal pipeline stream magnetic fluid drop measurement method under a high-intensity magnetic field, comprise magnetic field generator, a pair potential probe, signal lead, voltmeter, it is characterized in that: liquid metal is at steel Bottomhole pressure, magnetic direction is perpendicular to flow direction, then induction electromotive force will be produced in the both sides of steel pipe, potential probe is installed in steel pipe both sides and measures electric potential difference, electric potential difference signal passes through potential probe successively, signal lead, be transferred to voltmeter, the electric potential difference data that voltmeter reads, pressure gradient data or other related streams field data of segment pipe is for this reason changed through theory calculate.
2. liquid metal pipeline stream magnetic fluid drop measurement method under a kind of high-intensity magnetic field according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described potential probe is symmetrically welded at metallic conduit and is parallel on the both sides outer wall in magnetic field, and the material of probe is identical with pipe material, to avoid the thermoelectrical potential interference potential difference signal between unlike material.
3. liquid metal pipeline stream magnetic fluid drop measurement method under a kind of high-intensity magnetic field according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the outer end connection signal lead-in wire of described potential probe, signal lead material also keeps identical with described electrode catheter material, disturbs to avoid the thermoelectrical potential between different materials.
4. liquid metal pipeline stream magnetic fluid drop measurement method under a kind of high-intensity magnetic field according to claim 1, is characterized in that: two signal lead ends connect voltmeter, and volt counts high precision voltmeter, this high precision voltmeter measuring accuracy millivolt level.
5. liquid metal pipeline stream magnetic fluid drop measurement method under a kind of high-intensity magnetic field according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described electric potential difference data are converted to the pressure gr. adient signal of this segment pipe through theory calculate, after electric potential difference data acquisition, can obtain pressure gradient information according to the electric potential difference of concrete pipeline and pressure gradient relational expression, the computing formula when pipeline is pipe is as follows:
In formula:
---induction electromotive force, V;
K
1---end shunt effect, its size gets 0.33 ~ 0.357 usually;
σ
w---wall conductance, S/m;
B---magnetic field intensity, T;
L---straight pipeline length, m;
D---internal diameter of the pipeline, m;
D---outer diameter tube, m.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410764117.7A CN104458108B (en) | 2014-12-11 | 2014-12-11 | Method for measuring pressure drop of liquid metal pipe flow magnetic fluid under high-intensity magnetic field |
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| CN201410764117.7A CN104458108B (en) | 2014-12-11 | 2014-12-11 | Method for measuring pressure drop of liquid metal pipe flow magnetic fluid under high-intensity magnetic field |
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| CN104458108B CN104458108B (en) | 2017-02-01 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107703376A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-02-16 | 北京理工大学 | The piezoelectricity transfer characteristic measurement apparatus of porous media under a kind of Dynamic Flow Field |
| CN107709951A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2018-02-16 | Abb瑞士股份有限公司 | For the device for the pressure for measuring the fluid for flowing through pipeline |
| CN114739457A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-12 | 西安交通大学 | Modularized detachable probe card device used under high-intensity magnetic field condition |
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2014
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| US3566695A (en) * | 1969-06-09 | 1971-03-02 | Atomic Energy Commission | Liquid metal pressure gage |
| US3902369A (en) * | 1974-05-02 | 1975-09-02 | Us Energy | Measurement of the differential pressure of liquid metals |
| CN101545795A (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2009-09-30 | 中国科学院等离子体物理研究所 | Fluent metal electrical flow meter |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107709951A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2018-02-16 | Abb瑞士股份有限公司 | For the device for the pressure for measuring the fluid for flowing through pipeline |
| US10732063B2 (en) | 2015-06-12 | 2020-08-04 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Device for measuring the pressure of a fluid flowing through a pipeline |
| CN107703376A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-02-16 | 北京理工大学 | The piezoelectricity transfer characteristic measurement apparatus of porous media under a kind of Dynamic Flow Field |
| CN107703376B (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2019-08-16 | 北京理工大学 | The piezoelectricity transfer characteristic measuring device of porous media under a kind of Dynamic Flow Field |
| CN114739457A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-12 | 西安交通大学 | Modularized detachable probe card device used under high-intensity magnetic field condition |
| CN114739457B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2024-03-26 | 西安交通大学 | Modularized detachable probe board device used under strong magnetic field condition |
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