CN1044527A - Apparatus for cooling by indirect evaporation of gas - Google Patents
Apparatus for cooling by indirect evaporation of gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN1044527A CN1044527A CN89100386A CN89100386A CN1044527A CN 1044527 A CN1044527 A CN 1044527A CN 89100386 A CN89100386 A CN 89100386A CN 89100386 A CN89100386 A CN 89100386A CN 1044527 A CN1044527 A CN 1044527A
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Abstract
Apparatus for cooling by indirect evaporation of gas has housing (1), and air inlet pipe (2) and escape pipe (3) and (4) are housed on the housing (1).Air inlet pipe (2) is in order to introduce total air flow.Escape pipe (3) is positioned to the side with device of air feed primary air in order to emit primary air.Escape pipe (4) is positioned at air inlet pipe (2) one sides with so that secondary air is put into atmosphere.Be provided with wetting capillary porous body (6) in the housing (1).Be provided with wet channel (7) and dry passage (8) in object (6), the two is interconnected in escape pipe (3) one sides.So just can regulate the ratio of dry passage and wet channel surface area, thereby improve cooling effectiveness greatly.
Description
The present invention relates to the indirect evaporation type heat-exchange device that refrigerating gas and liquid directly contact.
Apparatus for cooling by indirect evaporation of gas in order to the cooling welfare quarter, produce between, the air in means of transport driving cabin and the stateroom requisite space system.
In the heat-exchange device of the above-mentioned type, the heat in the primary air by the device in the separation wall body import liquid into, liquid then be in being called second air-flow of secondary air the evaporation and cooled off.Low-temperature receiver is an evaporating liquid, and evaporating liquid is the film shape and stays on the wall body of heat-exchange device or stay in the capillary porous material that is fixed on the device wall body.Primary air flows in dry passage, and the wall body of dry passage is made with impermeable material, and secondary air then flows in wet channel, and wet channel is by constituting with the wall body of thin layer with the capillary porous material of water-wet.
The gas indirect evaporation cooling that people were familiar with has a housing with heat-exchange device (US, A, 2990696), and two mutual vertically disposed air inlet pipe are housed on the housing, respectively in order to introduce primary air and secondary air; Two escape pipes also are housed, respectively in order to emit primary air and secondary air.Be provided with mutual vertically disposed dry passage and wet channel in the housing.Dry passage is in order to pass through primary air, wet channel is in order to pass through secondary air, in adorn wetting capillary porous material, this material can be contained on the wall body of wet channel, secondary air is passed through between multilayer material, also can be contained in the central authorities of passage, secondary air is passed through between passage wall body and wetting capillary porous material.Heat-exchange device also is equipped with fluid supplier with wetting capillary porous material.What therefore, adopted in this heat-exchange device is the thermophore of mutual cross flow one.Expert in every present technique field is very clear, and under the identical situation of other condition, it is less that this type of flow and the reflux type of thermophore compared heat output.In addition, in this case, secondary air and primary air are separately introduced and are drawn.This makes the structure of heat-exchange device quite complicated.
The another kind of apparatus for cooling by indirect evaporation of gas that people were familiar with (SU, A, 407519) has a housing, and the total air flow air inlet pipe is housed on the housing, and total air flow comprises primary air and secondary air; Two escape pipes also are housed, respectively in order to emit primary air and secondary air.Wet channel that is made of wetting capillary porous material and the dry passage made from impermeable material are housed in this housing, and the two is parallel to each other and is interconnected; This device also has the fluid supplier that wetting capillary porous material is used.
The more familiar a kind of device of people has the plate that order is provided with, and plate has the surface that is arranged alternately, the wet channel of forming the dry passage that is made of waterproof plate material sheet in couples and having the same surface of capillary porous material to constitute again.Be communicated with the escape pipe of secondary air at air inlet pipe one side wet channel, and be stacked with some vertical wall bodies, go into the escape pipe on housing top, be communicated with dry passage at the escape pipe one side wet channel of primary air in order to will assist the waste gas conductance.Fluid supplier in order to moistening capillary porous material is a chassis, and this dish is positioned at lower part of frame, fills wetting water in the dish.The capillary porous material is wetting by the water in the chassis by means of absorption capillaceous.
Device carries out work in the following manner.With ventilation blower total air flow is sent into dry passage.This air-flow is divided into primary air and secondary air in the dry passage exit, and primary air leads to uses device of air, and secondary air is by means of managing interior aerodynamic resistance along the wet channel reverse flow.Its humidity remains unchanged forming that the air-flow that passes through between the plate surface of dry passage is cooled off.The back flow of gas mode that is adopted in the case can increase heat output.But slot-shaped dry passage of alternately arranging and wet channel are to be made of the plate that order is installed in this device, and the plate of An Zhuaning has limited the mutual alignment of these passages like this, thereby can not change the ratio of dry passage and wet channel heat exchange surface areas.The surface area of dry passage equates with the surface area of wet channel in this device, thereby can not further strengthen cooling procedure.In addition, can not make total air flow be divided into secondary air and primary air effectively in the exit of device, because can not strengthen aerodynamic resistance in escape pipe one side of primary air, the also process that just can not shunt effectively.
Task of the present invention provides a kind of apparatus for cooling by indirect evaporation of gas, and the mutual alignment of dry passage and wet channel can not be restricted in this device, can change the shape of these passages in addition, therefore can improve cooling effectiveness.
Proposing of task can be finished with following method.Apparatus for cooling by indirect evaporation of gas has a housing, housing is provided with the air inlet of total air flow and is respectively applied for two gas outlets of primary air and secondary air, have wet channel that is made of wetting capillary porous material and the dry passage made from impermeable material in this housing, the two is interconnected in primary air escape pipe one side; This device also has the fluid supplier in order to wetting capillary porous material; According to the present invention, wet channel and dry passage are located in the interior capillary porous body of housing, dry passage is made of pipe, stretch out beyond the capillary porous body its end in air inlet pipe one side, and be fixed on the tube sheet, the segment distance of being separated by between tube sheet and the capillary porous body forms a venting chambers that is communicated with escape pipe, assists waste gas to flow in order to emit.
This structure can improve cooling effectiveness.Wetting capillary porous body is set in housing can makes the mutual alignment of dry passage and wet channel unrestricted, and can make passage have the cross section of different shape, comprising the tubular section.This just can in very large range regulate the ratio of dry passage and wet channel surface area, for example the area of dry passage can be significantly greater than the area of wet channel, because the intensity of heat exchanging process is lower than the intensity of heat exchanging process in the wet channel in the dry passage.
Each length of managing external part is preferably 0.03～0.15 of the own length of dry passage.
Be the explanation and the accompanying drawing thereof of the preferred embodiment of the present invention below, part identical among the figure represents with identical numbering, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the diagrammatic sectional view of apparatus for cooling by indirect evaporation of gas;
Fig. 2 is II among Fig. 1-II profile;
Fig. 3 is another embodiment of dry passage in the recommendation apparatus.
As shown in Figure 1, apparatus for cooling by indirect evaporation of gas has housing 1, and housing 1 is provided with an air inlet pipe 2 and two escape pipes 3 and 4.Air inlet pipe 2 is in order to introduce the total air flow that is produced by ventilation blower one kind equipment.Escape pipe 3 is in order to emit primary air.This escape pipe has control valve 5, in order to reduce its flow area.The escape pipe 4 that is positioned at housing top is banished into atmosphere in order to flowing to opposite auxiliary waste gas with primary air.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, wetting capillary porous body 6 is housed in the housing 1.Be provided with wet channel 7 and dry passage 8 in this object, the two is interconnected in escape pipe 3 one sides.
Dry passage 8 in the embodiment of the invention is made of the pipe made from impermeable material 9, is contained in the wetting capillary porous body 6.Dry passage 8 shown in Figure 3 then is made of the impermeable stratum 10 that clinkering becomes.Far away apart from clinkering impermeable stratum 10, porosity is also higher, until reaching required standard.The end that dry passage stretches out beyond the object 6 is made of pipe 11.
Wetting capillary porous body 6 is set in housing 1, and this just can unrestrictedly dispose dry passage and wet channel, and can change its shape, thereby changes the ratio of dry passage and wet channel heat exchange area.Passage 7 and 8 can have the cross section of different shape, comprising the tubular section.
Wetting capillary porous body 6 can be made with fiber, powder or similar particulate.The particulate that constitutes object 6 can be to link mutually, also can not link each other.Therefore, wetting capillary porous body 6 can be used Web materials, materials such as pottery, fabric, felt, ground paper, and various fillers are made with powder sintered material and the other materials that becomes with fiber.Simultaneously, wetting capillary porous body 6 should be permeable, hole that does not just block and blind hole, and can make wetting liquid rise to enough height by means of capillarity, this is highly determining the height that device may reach.Must consider: have the net of enough hardness and permeable wall body as in object 6, adopting the particulate that does not link mutually, must embedding.
Capillary porous body 6 shown in Figure 1 is made by the sintered metal fibers material, forms a kind of rigid structure, has end surface 12 and 13.But in order further to change the ratio of dry passage 7 and wet channel 8 surface areas, above-mentioned end surface can be taked arbitrary shape, for example when changing the length of passage, can make end surface be stairstepping.In addition, if the capillary porous body is made of sand, glass marble one class discrete particles, just should adopt the end grid to block object 6.
Dry passage 8 can use the highly porous property material of being made up of fiber and powder (having minimum fluid resistance) to fill (not shown on the figure).This can form strong heat exchange in passage.Improve the thermal conductivity of fiber and powder in this material, the intensity of heat exchange is improved thereupon, same, improve between the material granule and particle and passage wall body between contact, the thermal conductivity of the interior porous packing material of dry passage is improved thereupon.The method that groove is set on channel inner surface that also can utilize people to be familiar with increases the inner surface of passage, thereby strengthens the heat exchange in the dry passage.
Adopt wetting capillary porous body 6 that the feed wetting liquid is sent on the evaporating surface of wet channel 7 with the liquid in the utensil.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, adopt chassis 14 as the liquid supply tool in this embodiment of the invention, in the chassis 14 water is housed, the bottom of wetting capillary porous body 6 is under water.The chassis 14 shown in hole 15 was positioned at, and supplied water in order to the capillary to object 6.Certainly, shown in chassis 14 can replace with any other feed flow utensil, for example, available bubbler is sent to liquid on the evaporating surface of wet channel.In addition, water also can replace with the liquid of any other rapid evaporation.
As shown in Figure 1, tube sheet 16 is housed in housing, is fixed with the external part of the pipe 9 that constitutes dry passage on the tube sheet 16.The segment distance of being separated by between the surface 12 of tube sheet 16 and wetting capillary porous body 6 just forms the venting chambers 17 of an auxiliary waste gas stream between tube sheet 16 and surface 12, in order to the precooling total air flow and prevent that the total air flow that enters is mixed mutually with auxiliary waste gas stream.
The structure of device shown in Figure 3 is different with the embodiment of the invention described above, is fixed with pipe 11 on the tube sheet 16 of this device, and pipe 11 forms the external part of dry passage 8.Like this, in fact every pipe 11 is positioned at chamber 17, and the one end is fixed in the wetting capillary porous body 6, and the other end then is fixed on the tube sheet 16.
Expert in every present technique field is clear: if the pipeline section and the pipe 11 that make pipe 9 be positioned at chamber 17 are answered with wetting capillary porous material (not shown on the figure), this can strengthen the degree of precooling.
Respectively stretching into the pipeline section 9 in the chamber 17 shown in Fig. 1 and being preferably the 0.03-0.15 of each corresponding dry passage 8 length, the end face 12 of wetting capillary porous body 6 and the distance between the tube sheet 16 are remained in this scope in the length of respectively managing 11 shown in Fig. 3.Consider the caloic transmission efficiency and the aerodynamic resistance of auxiliary waste gas stream, this is this excursion apart from the best.Computational analysis and experimental data show: in above-mentioned distance 0.03 o'clock less than dry passage 8 length, aerodynamic resistance sharply increases, thereby the secondary air amount is reduced, and the refrigeration output of device is sharply reduced, and its energy consumption is increased.When above-mentioned distance greater than 0.15 the time, in passage 8 and 7, adopt under the situation of adverse current, the efficient of evaporative cooling process obviously descends, and causes the refrigeration output of device also to reduce greatly.Under each concrete condition, the optimum value of this distance in above-mentioned scope depends on the structure and the operating characteristic of device.
The above-mentioned gas apparatus for cooling by indirect evaporation in the following manner.Make total air flow enter dry passage 8 with ventilation blower (not shown on the figure) through air inlet pipe 2.Total air flow is subjected to precooling through pipe 9 pipeline sections in chamber 17 time.Precooling is to obtain by carrying out heat exchange with secondary air by wet channel 7 inlet chambers 17.Total air flow through precooling is subjected to further cooling when flowing through the dry passage 8 that is arranged in wetting capillary porous body 6.Here, the outer surface of dry passage 8 contacts with wetting capillary porous body 6, and the water that are contained in the chassis 14 make object 6 moistening by the capillary that hole 15 enters this object materials.Total air flow is being cooled to the limiting temperature more than the dew-point temperature when flowing out and keeps its humidity constant from managing 9.Total air flow is divided into primary air and secondary air here.Owing to reduced the cross section of escape pipe 3 with control valve 5, thereby increased the aerodynamic resistance of escape pipe one side, caused total air flow to be separated into above-mentioned two strands of air-flows effectively.Can change ratio between primary air and the secondary air by control valve 5.Primary air leads to through escape pipe 3 uses device of air, and secondary air then enters wet channel 7.Secondary air is with respect to the total air flow reverse flow in this passage.When secondary air flows in wet channel 7, total air flow (in pipe 9, flowing) and and the secondary air (mobile in passage 7) of its reverse flow between, by managing 9 caloic exchange surface and constituting the surface of the wetting capillary porous body 6 of passage 7, produce surperficial caloic exchange.The limiting temperature that total air flow is cooled to more than the dew-point temperature by this process keeps it temperature-resistant, secondary air then is heated owing to drawn heat from total air flow, and since wherein take from wetting capillary porous body 6 moisture evaporation and be subjected to wetting.In the case, in the exit of passage 7, because the heat exchange deficiency, the temperature of secondary air is lower than the total air flow temperature that enters slightly, and its relative temperature then approaches 100%.From the cooling capacity of secondary air, these parameters are very important.Therefore, make secondary air inlet chamber 17 before putting into atmosphere, can make itself and the total air flow that enters carry out the surface heat exchange with ambient temperature with these parameters.In order to utilize the residue cooling capacity of secondary air most effectively, can make the direction of the secondary air in the chamber 17 do 90 ° of transformations and produce strong turbulent flow to carry out heat exchange with total air flow.In the case, under the existing parameter condition of heat exchange air-flow, the coefficient of heat transfer of managing 9 outsides can increase to 2～3 times.This factor can increase heat output, thereby makes total air flow do can obtain cooling in advance before the final cooling at the dry passage that is arranged in wetting capillary porous body 6.This situation itself just can make the thermic load of heat-exchange device decrease, thereby improves the cooling effectiveness of gas.
Be noted that in the device of recommending and improve significantly a series of service indexs. For example, making secondary air directions in the chamber 17 do 90 ° changes and upwards putting into atmosphere through escape pipe 4 just can isolate water droplet from ancillary air stream effectively. This can reduce the water consumption of institute's recommendation heat-exchange device significantly, and improves cooling effectiveness.
So just can improve significantly the cooling effectiveness of the apparatus for cooling by indirect evaporation of gas of recommending, but and not need extra-pay with regard to the temperature of decrease primary air. In addition, in the device of recommending, owing to reduced water consumption and formed the air inlet of heat exchange air-flow and the reasonable terms that separates, service index and structure index have been improved.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of apparatus for cooling by indirect evaporation of gas, this device has housing (1), the air inlet pipe (2) of total air flow and primary air are housed on the housing (1) and flow to corresponding escape pipe (3) and (4) of opposite secondary air with primary air, wet channel (7) that constitutes with wetting capillary porous material and the dry passage made from impermeable material (8) also are housed in the housing (1), communicate with each other in primary air escape pipe (3) one sides each other, this device also has a feed flow utensil in order to wetting capillary porous material; The feature of this device is that wet channel (7) and dry passage (8) are located in the interior capillary porous body (6) of housing (1), dry passage (8) is made of pipe (9), its end is beyond air inlet pipe (2) one sides are stretched out the capillary porous body, be fixed on the tube sheet (16), the segment distance of being separated by between tube sheet (16) and the capillary porous body (6), formation is in order to emit the chamber (17) of auxiliary waste gas stream, and chamber (17) are communicated with escape pipe (3).
2, the described device of claim 1 is characterized in that: the length of pipe (9) external part is 0.03～0.15 of the own length of dry passage (8).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN89100386A CN1044527A (en) | 1989-01-24 | 1989-01-24 | Apparatus for cooling by indirect evaporation of gas |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN89100386A CN1044527A (en) | 1989-01-24 | 1989-01-24 | Apparatus for cooling by indirect evaporation of gas |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1044527A true CN1044527A (en) | 1990-08-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN89100386A Pending CN1044527A (en) | 1989-01-24 | 1989-01-24 | Apparatus for cooling by indirect evaporation of gas |
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| CN (1) | CN1044527A (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100359249C (en) * | 2005-10-10 | 2008-01-02 | 尹进福 | Single and multi-stage indirect evaporative cooling method capable of repeatedly utilizing wet energy |
| CN100380082C (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2008-04-09 | 埃达雷克斯技术公司 | Method and plate apparatus for dew point evaporative cooler |
| CN102165268A (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2011-08-24 | 可持续能源联盟有限责任公司 | Indirect evaporative cooler using membrane-contained, liquid desiccant for dehumidification |
| CN101464103B (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2011-09-28 | 于向阳 | Counterflow indirect evaporative cooler |
| CN102518895A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2012-06-27 | 永康市爱众爱工贸有限公司 | Pipe connector |
| CN102864466A (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2013-01-09 | 南京氢谷能源科技有限公司 | Refrigerative-cooling water scrubber |
| US9140471B2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2015-09-22 | Alliance For Sustainable Energy, Llc | Indirect evaporative coolers with enhanced heat transfer |
| US9140460B2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2015-09-22 | Alliance For Sustainable Energy, Llc | Control methods and systems for indirect evaporative coolers |
| CN112996593A (en) * | 2018-10-02 | 2021-06-18 | 哈佛学院院长及董事 | Hydrophobic barrier layer of ceramic indirect evaporative cooling system |
-
1989
- 1989-01-24 CN CN89100386A patent/CN1044527A/en active Pending
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100380082C (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2008-04-09 | 埃达雷克斯技术公司 | Method and plate apparatus for dew point evaporative cooler |
| CN100359249C (en) * | 2005-10-10 | 2008-01-02 | 尹进福 | Single and multi-stage indirect evaporative cooling method capable of repeatedly utilizing wet energy |
| CN101464103B (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2011-09-28 | 于向阳 | Counterflow indirect evaporative cooler |
| CN102165268B (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2014-04-30 | 可持续能源联盟有限责任公司 | Indirect evaporative cooler using membrane-contained, liquid desiccant for dehumidification |
| CN102165268A (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2011-08-24 | 可持续能源联盟有限责任公司 | Indirect evaporative cooler using membrane-contained, liquid desiccant for dehumidification |
| US8769971B2 (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2014-07-08 | Alliance For Sustainable Energy, Llc | Indirect evaporative cooler using membrane-contained, liquid desiccant for dehumidification |
| US9518784B2 (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2016-12-13 | Alliance For Sustainable Energy, Llc | Indirect evaporative cooler using membrane-contained, liquid desiccant for dehumidification |
| CN102518895A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2012-06-27 | 永康市爱众爱工贸有限公司 | Pipe connector |
| CN102864466A (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2013-01-09 | 南京氢谷能源科技有限公司 | Refrigerative-cooling water scrubber |
| US9140471B2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2015-09-22 | Alliance For Sustainable Energy, Llc | Indirect evaporative coolers with enhanced heat transfer |
| US9140460B2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2015-09-22 | Alliance For Sustainable Energy, Llc | Control methods and systems for indirect evaporative coolers |
| CN112996593A (en) * | 2018-10-02 | 2021-06-18 | 哈佛学院院长及董事 | Hydrophobic barrier layer of ceramic indirect evaporative cooling system |
| US11890579B2 (en) | 2018-10-02 | 2024-02-06 | President And Fellows Of Harvard College | Hydrophobic barrier layer for ceramic indirect evaporative cooling systems |
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