CN104449854A - Integrated garbage plasma gasifier with water-cooling wall - Google Patents
Integrated garbage plasma gasifier with water-cooling wall Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104449854A CN104449854A CN201410744601.3A CN201410744601A CN104449854A CN 104449854 A CN104449854 A CN 104449854A CN 201410744601 A CN201410744601 A CN 201410744601A CN 104449854 A CN104449854 A CN 104449854A
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- Prior art keywords
- gasification
- plasma
- waste residue
- synthetic gas
- water wall
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated garbage plasma gasifier with a water-cooling wall. According to the integrated garbage plasma gasifier with the water-cooling wall, the hearth of the gasifier is divided into an upper synthesis gas reforming area, a middle gasification area and a lower waste residue melting area; three plasma torches I are uniformly arranged on the same horizontal surface in the synthesis gas reforming area; the side surface of the gasification area is connected with a charge system, a gas inlet is further formed in the side surface, and a grate used for bearing garbage is arranged on the bottom surface; three surrounding plasma torches II are arranged in the middle of the side surface of the waste residue melting area. The integrated garbage plasma gasifier with the water-cooling wall, disclosed by the invention, enables conventional gasification, synthesis gas reforming and waste residue melting to be finished in one gasifier, and the whole structure is compact and simple and capable of improving the running efficiency and stability of the whole gasification device; conventional gasification is carried out by virtue of the own calorific value of garbage at first, thus the energy consumption of the plasma torches is greatly reduced, and the economical efficiency of the running of the whole system is improved; the water-cooling wall is capable of reducing the dosage of a fire-resistant material, prolonging the service life of the fire-resistant material, and recovering the lost energy of part of a wall surface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Gasification Technique of municipal wastes, particularly a kind of integral type rubbish plasma gasification stove with water wall.
Background technology
Current China domestic waste harmless treatment facility is based on sanitary landfill, and compost and burning are auxiliary.Garbage loading embeading is owing to taking large quantity space and polluted underground water and being acknowledged as the last selection of refuse treatment, and compost cost is high, fertilizer efficiency is low, produce market is poor, there is potential safety hazard, develops still limited.Burning disposal can realize the minimizing of rubbish, the comprehensive treating process of innoxious, resource utilization to a certain extent, has obvious advantage, thus obtain at home and develop faster in environment protection and the utilization of resources.But, directly burn cause flue gas to exceed standard, foul smell disturbs residents, and burning process easily produces the secondary pollution such as dioxin and heavy metal, causes the fear of resident, and its neighbour brought topic of taking refuge can not look down upon.Therefore, burning electricity generation moves ahead always in dispute, and the substitute technology of development waste incineration and generating electricity is imperative.
Plasma gasification technology originates from the sixties in 20th century the earliest, U.S. NASA carries out the heat resistanceheat resistant experiment of material with it, start the seventies, for metallurgical and material heat treatment industry, to start the eighties to process the solid waste such as medical science, start in recent years to attempt for the treatment of city and industrial refuse.Be different from traditional waste incineration mode, rubbish 100% almost can be converted into callable byproduct by plasma gasification technology, and organism is wherein converted into clean fuel gas (mainly CO and H
2), can directly to burn or for refining into more high-grade fuels and chemicals, and can be used as material of construction after the harmless vitreous state slag cooling that inorganics melting produces, thus realize real rubbish processing to be harmless and resource utilization application, be a kind of substitute technology of waste incineration most potentiality.Along with constantly perfect (life-span long, stable) of plasma generator technology and plasma body are from the continuous decline of power consumption, utilize plasma gasification technology that China's domestic waste is converted into the ripe of the energy.
But, existing rubbish plasma gasification stove most using plasma torch carries out direct high-temperature gasification to rubbish, the plasma body up to 7000 DEG C is produced by arc-over, thus make the thorough pyrolysis of rubbish, publication number as Hans Kalt is the publication number of US005280757A american documentation literature and Karma Qiao is the american documentation literature of US005634414A, arc plasma is unique thermal source, do not utilize the calorific value of rubbish itself, energy expenditure is high, plasma torch specific power consumption can reach the 30%-45% of its electricity generation ability, operation cost is caused greatly to increase, add plasma torch power limited, be difficult to expansion scale and realize commercial applications.In addition, owing to only inputting electric energy, plasma jet direct gasification rubbish is relied on, make gasification temperature field in furnace and flow field very uneven, rubbish completely by pyroprocessing, thus can not be made to contain the objectionable impuritiess such as dioxin in waste residue, bring a larger difficult problem to Solid state fermentation.
Simultaneously, refuse gasification device is made up of vaporizer and dual firing chamber usually, complex structure, pipeline is numerous, and add material cost, and rubbish plasma gasification medial temperature is up to 1500 DEG C, gasification stove internal wall needs very thick refractory materials, also greatly add the manufacturing cost of rubbish plasma gasification furnace, have impact on the economy of rubbish plasma gasification technology.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of integral type rubbish plasma gasification stove with water wall, the calorific value of Appropriate application rubbish self produces synthetic gas and completes gasification, recycling plasma torch is reformed to the synthetic gas produced on vapourizing furnace top, the pollution substance in synthetic gas is removed by high temperature, tar in synthetic gas is removed simultaneously, synthetic gas is restructured as with CO and H
2be main clean gas, utilize plasma torch to carry out high-temperature fusion in vapourizing furnace bottom to the waste residue produced simultaneously, make waste residue form innoxious vitreous state slag, after cooling, can be used as material of construction; Gasification furnace structure is compact, and manufacturing cost reduces, and plasma torch only acts on synthetic gas and waste residue simultaneously, and avoid the direct process to low heat value, high-moisture rubbish, the economy that rubbish plasma gasification is run increases greatly; The refractory materials adopting water wall to replace part conventional, can be reduced the thickness of expensive refractory materials, increase the work-ing life of refractory materials simultaneously, can also reclaim the portion of energy of being lost by wall.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
With an integral type rubbish plasma gasification stove for water wall, it is characterized in that: vapourizing furnace burner hearth is divided into upper, middle and lower three regions, and upper area is synthetic gas reformer section, and central region is gasification zone, and lower region is waste residue melting zone; The inherent same level in described synthetic gas reformer section is evenly provided with three plasma torchs one; The side of described gasification zone is connected with feed system, the side of gasification zone is also provided with inlet mouth, and can pass into air or oxygen and make rubbish complete traditional gasification process, control temperature is at about 700 degree, the bottom surface of gasification zone is provided with fire grate, for carrying rubbish and separating waste residue melting zone; Be provided with in the middle of the side of described waste residue melting zone three around plasma torch two.
Described plasma torch one is installed on the middle undergauge place of upper area.
The temperature of synthetic gas in upper area controls, between 1200-1500 DEG C, to be reformatted into reach synthetic gas with CO and H by the plasma torch one of described synthetic gas reformer section
2be main combustion gas and the tar removed wherein Ji pollutents such as dioxin, plasma torch one be installed on undergauge place synthetic gas subject plasma torch one is heated evenly, reforming effect is better, synthetic gas is flowed out by the outlet on top after reforming, and can be directly used in gas turbine power generation or as industrial chemicals.
Described plasma torch two is 120 degree of angles each other and is 45 degree of angles with ground.
The waste residue that described gasification zone generates falls into waste residue melting zone by fire grate, temperature controls at about 1400 DEG C by the plasma torch two of waste residue melting zone, makes waste residue melting, flows out from the slag-drip opening of bottom, form innoxious glass-state waste residue after cooling, can be used as material of construction.
The inwall of described vapourizing furnace is provided with water wall, and water is flowed into by the side of upper area, is flowed out by the side of lower region, by the heat radiation of water wall recovery part by wall, reduces the thickness of refractory materials simultaneously, extends the work-ing life of refractory materials.As an embodiment, when adopting water wall, only can arrange three layers of refractory materials, every layer thickness is at 100mm to 150mm, and when not adopting water wall, need layout five layers of refractory materials, total thickness is 500 to 750mm about.
Working method of the present invention is: first dropped into by the dog-house of rubbish from feed system, and rubbish is transported to the gasification zone at middle part after fragmentation, is filled on fire grate; The plasma torch one starting synthetic gas reformer section, top reaches steady running with the plasma torch two of waste residue melting zone, bottom, control temperature is at pre-determined range, make the water in water wall enter recurrent state simultaneously, certain air or oxygen is passed into again from the gasification zone at middle part, lighted the rubbish of gasification zone, middle part by portfire, generating gasification process simultaneously; Synthetic gas reformation is carried out in the synthetic gas reformer section that the synthetic gas that gasification produces enters into top, remove the tar in synthetic gas and pollutent, then the syngas outlet of synthetic gas through synthetic gas reformer section flows out, the waste residue produced in synthetic gas reforming process carries out melting by the waste residue melting zone of bottom, flow out from the slag-drip opening bottom waste residue melting zone again, after cooling, can be used as building materials.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
(1) adopt integral type rubbish plasma gasification stove, the reformation of traditional gasification, synthetic gas is melted in a vapourizing furnace with waste residue and completes, make total more simply compact, whole gasification installation operational efficiency and stability improve;
(2) plasma torch only processes synthetic gas and waste residue, and garbage utilization self calorific value first carries out traditional gasification, and plasma torch is consumed energy and greatly reduces, processing efficiency improves, and improves the economy that whole system is run;
(3) adopt water wall to replace part refractory materials, the consumption of expensive refractory materials can be reduced, refractory thickness is reduced, have larger region for refuse gasification, extend the work-ing life of refractory materials simultaneously, and the energy of recovery part wall loss.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is cross-sectional schematic of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the A-A cross section schematic diagram in Fig. 1 of the present invention.
Wherein, Reference numeral is: 1 feed system, and 2 plasma torchs one, 3 export, 4 inlet mouths, 5 fire grates, 6 plasma torch two, 7 slag-drip openings, 8 water wall, A synthetic gas reformer section, B gasification zone, C waste residue melting zone.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1-2, a kind of integral type rubbish plasma gasification stove with water wall, vapourizing furnace burner hearth is divided into upper, middle and lower three regions, top is synthetic gas reformer section A, three plasma torchs 1 are installed on undergauge place in the middle of top, are positioned in same level, each other in 120 degree of angles and be 45 degree of angles with ground, controlling top synthetic gas temperature by plasma torch 1 is between 1200-1500 DEG C, is reformatted into reach synthetic gas with CO and H
2be main combustion gas and the tar removed wherein Ji pollutents such as dioxin, plasma torch 1 be installed on undergauge place make synthetic gas subject plasma torch 1 heat evenly, reforming effect is better, synthetic gas is flowed out by the outlet 3 on top after reforming, and can be directly used in gas turbine power generation or as industrial chemicals; Middle part is gasification zone B, and side is connected with supporting feed system 1, and middle part side bottom has inlet mouth 4, and can pass into air or oxygen and make rubbish complete traditional gasification process, control temperature is at about 700 degree, and there is fire grate 5 bottom surface, middle part, for carrying rubbish; Bottom is waste residue melting zone C, the waste residue generated after traditional gasification falls into bottom by fire grate 5, lower side intermediate arrangement three around plasma torch 26, temperature of lower is controlled at about 1400 DEG C by plasma torch 26, make waste residue melting, flow out from the slag-drip opening 7 of bottom, form innoxious glass-state waste residue after cooling, can be used as material of construction.Meanwhile, increase water wall 8 at gasification stove internal wall, water is flowed into by top header 8-1, is flowed out by bottom header 8, by the heat radiation of water wall 8 recovery part by wall, reduces the thickness of refractory materials 9 simultaneously, extends the work-ing life of refractory materials.As an embodiment, when adopting water wall 8, only can arrange three layers of refractory materials, every layer thickness is at 100mm to 150mm, and when not adopting water wall 8, need layout five layers of refractory materials, total thickness is 500 to 750mm about.
Working method of the present invention is: first dropped into by the dog-house of rubbish from feed system 1, and rubbish is transported to the gasification zone B at middle part after fragmentation, is filled on fire grate 5; The plasma torch 1 starting synthetic gas reformer section, top A reaches steady running with the plasma torch 26 of waste residue melting zone, bottom C, control temperature is at pre-determined range, make the water in water wall 8 enter recurrent state simultaneously, certain air or oxygen is passed into again from the gasification zone B at middle part, lighted the rubbish of middle part gasification zone B by portfire, generating gasification process simultaneously; The synthetic gas reformer section A that the synthetic gas that gasification produces enters into top carries out synthetic gas reformation, remove the tar in synthetic gas and pollutent, then synthetic gas flows out through the syngas outlet 3 of synthetic gas reformer section A, the waste residue produced in synthetic gas reforming process carries out melting by the waste residue melting zone C of bottom, flow out from the slag-drip opening 7 bottom the C of waste residue melting zone again, after cooling, can be used as building materials.
Claims (9)
1. the integral type rubbish plasma gasification stove with water wall, is characterized in that: vapourizing furnace burner hearth is divided into upper, middle and lower three regions, and upper area is synthetic gas reformer section (A), and central region is gasification zone (B), and lower region is waste residue melting zone (C); The inherent same level of described synthetic gas reformer section (A) is evenly provided with three plasma torchs one (2); The side of described gasification zone (B) is connected with feed system (1), and the side of gasification zone (B) is also provided with inlet mouth (4), and the bottom surface of gasification zone (B) is provided with the fire grate (5) for carrying rubbish and separation waste residue melting zone (C); Be provided with in the middle of the side of described waste residue melting zone (C) three around plasma torch two (6).
2. a kind of integral type rubbish plasma gasification stove with water wall according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described plasma torch one (2) is installed on the middle undergauge place of upper area.
3. a kind of integral type rubbish plasma gasification stove with water wall according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the top of described synthetic gas reformer section (A) is provided with outlet (3).
4. a kind of integral type rubbish plasma gasification stove with water wall according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the temperature of synthetic gas in upper area controls as between 1200-1500 DEG C by the plasma torch one (2) of described synthetic gas reformer section (A).
5. a kind of integral type rubbish plasma gasification stove with water wall according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described plasma torch two (6) is 120 degree of angles each other and is 45 degree of angles with ground.
6. a kind of integral type rubbish plasma gasification stove with water wall according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the bottom of described waste residue melting zone (C) is provided with slag-drip opening (7).
7. a kind of integral type rubbish plasma gasification stove with water wall according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the waste residue that described gasification zone (B) generates falls into waste residue melting zone (C) by fire grate (5), temperature controls at 1400 DEG C by the plasma torch two (6) of waste residue melting zone (C).
8. a kind of integral type rubbish plasma gasification stove with water wall according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the inwall of described vapourizing furnace is provided with water wall (8), water is flowed into by the side of upper area, flowed out by the side of lower region, by the heat radiation of water wall (8) recovery part by wall.
9. a kind of integral type rubbish plasma gasification stove with water wall according to claim 1-8 any one, it is characterized in that working method is: first dropped into by the dog-house of rubbish from feed system (1), rubbish is transported to the gasification zone (B) at middle part after fragmentation, is filled on fire grate (5); The plasma torch one (2) starting synthetic gas reformer section, top (A) reaches steady running with the plasma torch two (6) of waste residue melting zone, bottom (C), control temperature is at pre-determined range, make the water in water wall (8) enter recurrent state simultaneously, certain air or oxygen is passed into again from the gasification zone (B) at middle part, lighted the rubbish at gasification zone, middle part (B) by portfire, generating gasification process simultaneously; Synthetic gas reformation is carried out in the synthetic gas reformer section (A) that the synthetic gas that gasification produces enters into top, remove the tar in synthetic gas and pollutent, then synthetic gas flows out through the syngas outlet (3) of synthetic gas reformer section (A), the waste residue produced in synthetic gas reforming process carries out melting by the waste residue melting zone (C) of bottom, then flows out from the slag-drip opening (7) of waste residue melting zone (C) bottom.
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| CN201410744601.3A CN104449854A (en) | 2014-12-09 | 2014-12-09 | Integrated garbage plasma gasifier with water-cooling wall |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105368497A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-03-02 | 山东百川同创能源有限公司 | Biomass material microwave-assisted pyrolysis gasification device, and application method thereof |
| CN106047418A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-10-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Gasifier device combining water wall with refractory brick wall surfaces |
| CN107952786A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-04-24 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | A kind of processing method of solid dangerous waste |
| CN108359499A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-08-03 | 中国石油化工科技开发有限公司 | Fixed-bed gasification furnace, process system and garbage gasifying method for refuse gasification |
| CN109401786A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-03-01 | 山西普皓环保科技有限公司 | A kind of plasma device handling clinical waste |
| CN109519947A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-03-26 | 山西普皓环保科技有限公司 | A kind of plasma device handling greasy filth |
| CN109731884A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-05-10 | 江苏宇新环保工程管理有限公司 | Plasma disposes dangerous waste system |
| CN110396432A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-11-01 | 西安航天源动力工程有限公司 | A kind of Horizontal water cooling wall type plasma gasification furnace |
| CN110425541A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-11-08 | 西安航天源动力工程有限公司 | A kind of enhanced plasma gasification melting furnace of bottom blowing pure oxygen |
| CN110560449A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-12-13 | 毕明亮 | Plasma gasification melting device for treating three-way catalyst |
| CN112442386A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-03-05 | 李宝伟 | Equipment and process for preparing oil by thermally cracking garbage |
| CN113881460A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-04 | 中科等离子体科技(合肥)有限公司 | Multi-arc plasma gasification furnace |
| CN115287098A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-04 | 昆明理工大学 | Plasma gasification solid waste treatment device |
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105368497A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-03-02 | 山东百川同创能源有限公司 | Biomass material microwave-assisted pyrolysis gasification device, and application method thereof |
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| CN108359499A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-08-03 | 中国石油化工科技开发有限公司 | Fixed-bed gasification furnace, process system and garbage gasifying method for refuse gasification |
| CN109401786A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-03-01 | 山西普皓环保科技有限公司 | A kind of plasma device handling clinical waste |
| CN109519947A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-03-26 | 山西普皓环保科技有限公司 | A kind of plasma device handling greasy filth |
| CN109731884A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-05-10 | 江苏宇新环保工程管理有限公司 | Plasma disposes dangerous waste system |
| CN110560449A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-12-13 | 毕明亮 | Plasma gasification melting device for treating three-way catalyst |
| CN110396432A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-11-01 | 西安航天源动力工程有限公司 | A kind of Horizontal water cooling wall type plasma gasification furnace |
| CN110425541A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-11-08 | 西安航天源动力工程有限公司 | A kind of enhanced plasma gasification melting furnace of bottom blowing pure oxygen |
| CN112442386A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-03-05 | 李宝伟 | Equipment and process for preparing oil by thermally cracking garbage |
| CN113881460A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-04 | 中科等离子体科技(合肥)有限公司 | Multi-arc plasma gasification furnace |
| CN113881460B (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2024-04-02 | 中科等离子体科技(合肥)有限公司 | Multi-arc plasma gasification furnace |
| CN115287098A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-04 | 昆明理工大学 | Plasma gasification solid waste treatment device |
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