CN104446775B - Composite stalk organic granular fertilizer - Google Patents
Composite stalk organic granular fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104446775B CN104446775B CN201410667968.XA CN201410667968A CN104446775B CN 104446775 B CN104446775 B CN 104446775B CN 201410667968 A CN201410667968 A CN 201410667968A CN 104446775 B CN104446775 B CN 104446775B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of composite stalk organic granular fertilizer.The composite stalk organic granular fertilizer includes following component：Crop material, stalk biological carbon, humic acid fertilizer, bone meal and trace element compound, wherein, the weight dry weight percentage of each component is respectively：Crop material 50~70%, stalk biological carbon 10~15%, humic acid fertilizer 10~20%, bone meal 1~3%, trace element compound 3~5%; after each dry weight component is crushed, mix, fully mix by weight percentage; granulated processed is carried out again, obtains composite stalk organic granular fertilizer.Using the present invention, soil texture can be improved, fertilizer utilization efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil amelioration techniques, more particularly to a kind of green, environmental protection, the composite stalk of the improved soil of safety
Organic granular fertilizer.
Background technology
Various appropriate mineral nutrient elements are absorbed in the growth course of crop, it is necessary to from soil (referred to as first
Element), to maintain its normal growth and development.Wherein, including the big element of demand such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium etc., the moderate member of demand
Plain such as calcium, magnesium, sulphur, micro- such as iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum, boron.
In modern agricultural systemof production, in order to obtain optimum economic benefit, anthropogenic soil is by excessive use so that plantation soil
Earth is in Growing Season of Crops, and the mineral nutrient element that crop can be supplied to absorb is relatively limited.Thus, mended by fertilising for crop
Appropriate mineral nutrient element is filled, as one of crop yield, essential measure of quality is ensured, according to statistics, the whole world is applied every year
Enter the chemical fertilizer number of agricultural land soil with ten million ton, China is used as the most country of applying quantity of chemical fertilizer in the world, annual applying quantity of chemical fertilizer
Up to 50,000,000 tons.Though the chemical fertilizer largely applied has increased considerably grain yield, the problem of food and clothing for solution our people is done
Huge contribution is gone out, but has also caused the irrational problem of China's chemical fertilizer application to become increasingly conspicuous, for example, weight chemical fertilizer, light organic fertilizer；
Diazonium phosphate fertilizer, light potash fertilizer；Great element fertilizer, slight fertilizer；Weight surface is applied fertilizer and spread fertilizer over the fields, and ignores deep fertilizer spraying；Crop and agriculture are not known about
Field situation and the demand to mineral nutrient element, blindly apply fertilizer, and excessive fertilization phenomenon is serious, causes soil compaction phenomenon increasingly tight
Weight.Thus, occur in that fertilizer application amount increases year by year in recent years, but same period grain yield increases few phenomenon so that chemical fertilizer
Serious contrast is occurred in that using with grain output, causes chemical fertilizer utilization ratio on a declining curve, not only wastes resource, add
Agricultural expenditure cost；Moreover, not being absorbed by crops the remaining fertilizer nutrient utilized, it will be lost to sky by all means
In gas, soil and water body, so as to cause soil hardening, deteriorate soil texture, cause serious problem of environmental pollution, for example,
Agricultural non-point source pollution, greenhouse gas emission, acid rain, soil degradation etc..
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is a primary object of the present invention to propose a kind of composite stalk organic granular fertilizer, soil texture is improved,
Improve fertilizer utilization efficiency.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides a kind of composite stalk organic granular fertilizer, the composite stalk organic granular
Fertilizer includes following component：Crop material, stalk biological carbon, humic acid fertilizer, bone meal and trace element compound, its
In,
The weight dry weight percentage of each component is respectively：Crop material 50~70%, stalk biological carbon 10~15%, corruption
Phytic acid class fertilizer 10~20%, bone meal 1~3%, trace element compound 3~5%, after each dry weight component is crushed, by weight
Percentage is mixed, and is fully mixed, then carries out granulated processed, obtains composite stalk organic granular fertilizer.
It is preferred that the crop material includes：Maize straw, wheat stalk, rice straw and soybean stalk.
It is preferred that the stalk biological carbon select maize straw, wheat stalk and rice straw in one kind or its
Any combination, is made, carburizing temperature is set to 400~500 DEG C through carbonization.
It is preferred that the humic acid fertilizer is by 50% ammonium humate, 35% humic acid, 5% humic acid magnesium, 5% rotten plant
Sour zinc, 5% humic acid urea iron are mixed.
It is preferred that the trace element compound is by 40% borax, 25~40% manganese sulfates, 20~30% ammonium molybdates, 5%
Chelated copper is mixed.
It is preferred that the crop material 70%, stalk biological carbon 15%, humic acid fertilizer 10%, bone meal 1%, micro-
Secondary element compound 4%, wherein, the trace element compound is by 40% borax, 30% manganese sulfate, 25% ammonium molybdate, 5% chela
Copper is closed to mix；
The composite stalk organic granular fertilizer is applied as base fertilizer with reference to site preparation before corn seeding, fertilization mode is ditch
Apply, apply 25 centimetres of depth, 350,000 grams/acre of sowing amount；In later stage, mu imposes 200 kilograms before and after the corn typhon mouthful phase,
20 centimetres of row side suitable distance deep placement, timely earthing.
It is preferred that the crop material 68%, stalk biological carbon 12%, humic acid fertilizer 12%, bone meal 3%, micro-
Secondary element compound 5%, wherein, the trace element compound is by 40% borax, 28% manganese sulfate, 27% ammonium molybdate, 5% chela
Copper is closed to mix；
Bottom application in late September to October enters the composite stalk organic granular fertilizer, is applied fertilizer into age apple tree using " radial canal "
Method, 30~40 centimetres of furrow width, 30~40 centimetres of ditch depth, earthing after fertilising, every mu is applied 550 kilograms；Next year soil thaw after to sprouting
Before bud, every mu is spreaded manuer in holes 300 kilograms.
It is preferred that the crop material 66%, stalk biological carbon 15%, humic acid fertilizer 14%, bone meal 1%, micro-
Secondary element compound 4%, wherein, the trace element compound is by 40% borax, 25% manganese sulfate, 30% ammonium molybdate, 5% chela
Copper is closed to mix；
Furrow are done with reference to site preparation, 350,000 grams/acre is applied and makees base manure, 25 centimetres of depth is applied, bar is granted to dissipate to apply and is combined；Cowpea
Beans field planting also after seedling, with reference to intertilling, loosening the soil, every mu imposes double centner, and ditch spread applies 15 centimetres of depth；First inflorescence starts knot
After pod, every mu imposes 250 kilograms, and ditch spread applies 15 centimetres of depth.
As seen from the above technical solutions, a kind of composite stalk organic granular fertilizer each component provided in an embodiment of the present invention
In, crop material is with low cost, abundance, and a variety of stalk species are used in mixed way, and nutrient is more balanced；Straw biological carbon can
Carbon base in soil is effectively supplemented, and Macro and microelements can be provided；Humic acid fertilizer can with the metal ion in water from
Close, can effectively strengthen soil aeration, water penetration, improve soil texture, be conducive to nutrient to be transmitted to crop, promote crop
Root system development.With fertilizer synergistic, improved soil, stimulate a variety of functions such as plant growth, improvement agricultural product quality；Bone meal is included
Active organic calcium and phosphorus element that abundant crops easily absorb, and other trace elements；Trace element compound can be crop
Normal growth and development provides required, indispensable, comprehensive nutrient, and can improve fertilizer utilization efficiency.Due to adopting
With the granulated fertilizer of standardization, it is easy to automation size production, processing, is easy to long-distance transport, effectively extends the administration scope of granulated fertilizer
And region.
Embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment to the present invention
It is described in further detail.
It is a primary object of the present invention to propose organic of the composite stalk of a kind of green, environmental protection, the improved soil of safety
Granulated fertilizer.Use abundance, crop material with low cost for main component, process time is short, with low cost, mineral nutrient is first
Plain complete, the nutrients release duration is long, disclosure satisfy that demand of the crop whole puberty to a variety of nutrients, can effectively facilitate nutrient
Conversion absorb, and due to using organic fertilizer, destruction of the chemical fertilizer to soil texture can be prevented effectively from, and can play
The effect of improved soil structure.
The composite stalk organic granular fertilizer of the embodiment of the present invention includes：Crop material, stalk biological carbon, humic-acid kind fertilizer
Material, bone meal and trace element compound, wherein, the weight dry weight percentage of each composition (component) is respectively：Crop material 50
~70%, stalk biological carbon 10~15%, humic acid fertilizer 10~20%, bone meal 1~3%, trace element compound 3~
5%, after each dry weight component is crushed, mix, fully mix by weight percentage, then granulated processed is carried out, obtain composite stalk
Organic granular fertilizer.
In the embodiment of the present invention, it is contemplated that simple farm manure, for example, conventional organic manure, natural pond fertilizer etc. at present, although
As improved soil structure, the effective way of agricultural product quality is improved, but is had more than nutrient therein in organic matter state
Late effect property, it is difficult to quickly, directly absorbed by crop.Importantly, most organic fertilizers, such as organic manure,
Farmland can not be directly applied, directly applies being not only difficult to directly be absorbed by crop, it is some unfavorable to crop also to produce
Influence, and grow weeds, propagate disease pest.Thus, the organic fertilizer such as muck have to pass through chemical physical action and microorganism fermentation,
Decompose, just the nutrient in organic fertilizer can be made gradually to discharge after becoming thoroughly decomposed.
In practical application, organic manure become thoroughly decomposed be a complicated process, it is necessary to consider temperature, moisture, air,
The many factors such as carbon-nitrogen ratio, acid-base value, generally require special place, such as crypt, mound, fermentation time is typically at 15~20 days
More than, the organic fertilizer composting fermentation process of high-quality was with greater need for more than 45~60 days even longer times.During the fermentation, also
Need to carry out the organic manure of fermentation the processing such as turning, more waste time and energy.For example, for the organic fertilizer comprising sheep manure
Processing of becoming thoroughly decomposed, may be selected to excavate depth 1.5m, the crypt of each 2m square of length and width in surrounding draining preferably place, by sheep
Excrement, drenched stalk are put in cellar for storing things, stack one layer of sheep manure, then, spread one layer of decomposing agent on the sheep manure layer of stacking, and add a small amount of water
Dilution, then high about 60 centimetres of stalk layer, so circulation are spread until organic fertilizer heap, to being above the ground level about 30 centimetres, finally uses soil
Fermented after 10~15 centimetres of sealing.After fermenting after a while, turning processing is carried out, i.e., by organic sheep manure on surface
Fertile layer translates into nexine, is sufficiently mixed by organic sheep manure and for the unclassified stores (stalk layer) for adjusting carbon-nitrogen ratio, it is ensured that hair
Ferment is abundant.Winter every turning in 25~30 days once, summer every turning in 15 days once, if occurring organic sheep manure layer during turning
Dry and leached without the globule, also need suitably to keep the skin wet.So that long the time required to the processing of organic manure, digest process is complicated, needs
More man power and material is expended, causes to apply cost height, and is manured into soil using the muck fertilizer become thoroughly decomposed, long-distance fortune is not easy to
It is defeated, on the premise of economic benefit is considered so that it is relatively limited that it applies scope.Further, development of the organic fertilizer in China
Relatively lagged behind with application, process the raw material sources relative narrowness of organic fertilizer.According to statistics, at present the raw material of processing organic fertilizer it is universal with
Based on muck, cake fertilizer, sludge, fermented stalk etc..Wherein, muck, for example, about 1200 yuan/ton of sheep manure cost, cake fertilizer cost is about
More than 1.0~7.0 yuan/kilogram, yuan/kilogram of sludge cost about 1.5, cost is higher, and limited amount, is also unfavorable for organic manure
Utilization and popularization.
Compared with the organic manures such as muck, stalk bacterium containing pathogeny, worm's ovum, grass-seed etc. are relatively fewer, its without decomposition into field,
In a certain amount of scope, substantially without ill effect, thus, stalk is that current China can be directly defeated without becoming thoroughly decomposed
Enter one of most common organic fertilizer of agricultural land soil, i.e., after straw-returning, digest process can be completed in agricultural land soil, its
It is not fermented can direct returning to farmland and the characteristics of agricultural land soil is become thoroughly decomposed, be a kind of time saving and energy saving to provide nutrient for soil
Mode, its fertilizer efficiency slowly discharges in the digest process of soil, can be effectively increased the soil organism, fertilizer efficiency length and relatively stable,
Thus certain promotion and application are obtained.At present, the commonplace mode of straw directly returning to field is whole strain or is crushed to 3~10
After centimetre, progress, which is turned over, to be buried or covers.
But existing straw-returning technology, because stalk processing is excessively simple, after mostly whole strain or crushing, directly turns over and buries or cover
Nutrient needed for lid, the wider stalk processing mode of shortage, and single straw-returning can provide plant growth is limited；
Further, since the stalk of returning to the field has irregularity, for example, the stalk crushed is long or excessively thick, cause to turn over the stalk and soil buried
Degree of mixing is poor between earth, soil plough horizon is internally formed many holes, especially in temperature lower ground area, straw decomposing compared with
Slowly, easily cause succession crop be short of seedling disconnected ridge, take root the problems such as difficulty, multiple pest and disease damage, underproduction；Further, it is conventional
Straw-returning operating process is complex, and operating cost is high, and Return, depth lack scientific guidance, lacks practicality, has
Effect, safety and the straw-returning technology of standardization, peasant are difficult to bear；Moreover, also lacking practicality and high efficiency, abridged edition timesaving straw
Stalk returning to the field plant equipment, especially lacks and the plant equipment that automatic turning is buried is carried out after stalk simple process.Above-mentioned factor causes existing
Straw-returning technical industryization development progress it is more slow.
China is a large agricultural country, and agricultural crop straw is the maximum byproduct of agricultural production, stock number very abundant, I
State's chief crop stalk species has nearly 20 kinds, and annual production accounts for the 25% of world's stalk resource yield more than 800,000,000 tons.But mesh
Preceding China's straw utilization rate only 50% or so, wherein collected manure, returning to the field (including collecting loss) account for 15%, every year less than 100,000,000
Ton, accounts for 15~25%, as the raw material of industry less than 10%, the stalk resource for still having more than 50% is burned off as feed
Or abandon, conversion efficiency is only 10%~20% or so, and the stalk not utilized is stacked in field or field is burned, and is not only made
Into the waste of resource, while also polluting environment.
Moreover, in recent years, with rural energy structural improvement and all kinds of alternative materials applications, and agricultural crop straw yield
Increase, agricultural crop straw fails effectively to utilize phenomenon to become increasingly conspicuous, along with stalk distribution is scattered, volume is big, non-integrationization is received
Collect cost of transportation high, and the comprehensive utilization low reason of less economical, industrialization level so that stalk occurs in that provincialism, season
Section property, structural surplus, a large amount of stalk resources are not utilized, waste more serious.
It is to originate the most by the above-mentioned application present situation of comprehensive analysis crop material and crop material in the embodiment of the present invention
Abundant organic fertilizer processes raw material, have the advantages that it is with low cost, easy be easy to get, from abundance, cheap stalk,
Crushed, be heat-treated etc. after processing, being mixed into other organic substances to supplement other mineral nutrients needed for plant growth
Element, pelletizes returning to the field after fully crushing, the material such as worm's ovum being not only effectively reduced in stalk, it is often more important that, it can increase
Its degree of mixing between soil, improves topsoil after its decomposition speed in soil, returning to the field and does not occur hole, and transport letter
Just, using simple, beneficial to implementation related specifications returning to the field technology, and using existing fertilizer machinery.In addition, organic after becoming thoroughly decomposed
Thing is generally weight in wet base, and weight is larger, low with respect to nutrient content, and sowing amount is big, in the embodiment of the present invention, using the straw of dry
The materials such as stalk, biological carbon, bone meal, humic acid fertilizer, amount of application is relatively small, and the composite stalk organic granular fertilizer being made is beneficial to
Transport and application.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the weight dry weight percentage ratio of above-mentioned each composition is from cost, each nutrient content, fertilizer
Amount of application and regulation soil acidity or alkalinity consider the ratio of determination.Wherein, the supply of npk nutrient is relied primarily on
Crop material and humic acid fertilizer, wherein, in crop material (air dried basis) average nutrient content, N is that 1.051%, P is
0.141%, K are 1.482%, especially potassium, are substantially the available potassium that can be utilized rapidly, and contain Macro and microelements, especially
For importantly, crop material wide material sources, by scale collection and processing, can effectively reduce cost, and the work crushed
Degree of mixing is good between thing stalk granulated fertilizer and soil, it is to avoid be internally formed hole in soil plough horizon, and the crop material of granulated fertilizer becomes thoroughly decomposed speed
Rate is very fast, it is possible to prevente effectively from succession crop is short of seedling disconnected ridge, take root the problems such as difficulty, multiple pest and disease damage, underproduction.
Stalk biological carbon has high carbon content and porous characteristic, it is possible to provide substantial amounts of organic carbon, can be effectively improved soil
Earth carbon storehouse, lifts soil fertility, and improve soil texture；Biological carbon short texture is porous, can improve the foster ability of soil water storage storage, have
Sticking and store beneficial to nutrient, microorganism that can also be in soil protection, it is ensured that the supply of plant roots and stems nutrition, can be effective
Improve plant recovery of nutrient and agricultural productivity；Biological carbon, which is also can absorb when organic substance rots, to be discharged to the carbon dioxide of air,
And help plant effectively to store the carbon dioxide needed for its photosynthesis, it is finally reached the effect of increase crop yield；Meanwhile, straw
There is provided the micro ortho acid needed for crop also containing Macro and microelements for stalk biological carbon.
Humic acid is the larger molecular organics matter being widely present in nature, and chemical constitution is complicated, all with carboxyl, phenol
Base, ketone group isoreactivity group, can activating soil nutrient, growing and giving birth in vivo to crop root and aerial part trophosome
Reason metabolism has facilitation, especially pronounced in crop growth early stage, with significant fertilizer synergistic, improved soil, stimulates and makees
Thing grows, and improves the functions such as quality of agricultural product.Contain a large amount of N P and K compositions in humic acid fertilizer, the present invention can be ensured jointly
Supply of the embodiment organic fertilizer to N P and K composition；Humic acid magnesium, zinc humic acid, humic acid urea iron can provide a large amount of crops and need
The less trace element of the amount of asking, ensures the equilibrium supply of nutrient, especially lacks in supplement soil magnesium deficiency, corn zinc-deficiency, fruit tree
There is good effect on iron.Meanwhile, humic acid fertilizer can also effectively adjust soil acidity or alkalinity, improved soil structure, increase
Soil aeration, water penetration, can improve crop root soil quality, further, and lifting crop root absorbs organic fertilizer efficiency
And amount of organic fertilizer, ensure crop growing state.
Bone meal about calcic 23%, most importantly phosphorus 10%, hydroxyapatite crystals [Ca respectively10(PO4)6(OH)2] and without fixed
Type calcium monohydrogen phosphate (CaHPO4), also adsorb Ca2 on its surface+、Mg2+And citrate plasma.A large amount of activity, which can be provided, to be had
Machine calcium and phosphorus.Organic calcium activity is high, and solubility is good, is easily absorbed by crops utilization, can also be effectively improved ecological environment of soil,
Stress level is reduced, promotes the conversion of phosphorus potassium nutrition to absorb.Phosphorus element in bone meal can utilize the more efficient ground of microorganism, be more easy to
By bio-absorbable, utilization ratio is higher.Bone meal is applied together with other organic fertilizers, fertilizer efficiency is remarkably improved.
Trace element compound is mainly to provide the less trace element of a large amount of crop demands, but trace element fertilizer is in agriculture
Crop, forest, herbage, fruit tree, apply on vegetables, there is mutual irreplaceable effect.Especially for nutritional deficiency soil and sensitivity
Plant applies micro- fertilizer, and effect of increasing production is very notable.The trace element compound of appropriateness can effectively meet crop to a variety of nutrients
Demand.
Wherein, crop material includes：Maize straw, wheat stalk, rice straw, soybean stalk etc. or wherein
Any combination.
One kind or its any combination that stalk biological carbon is selected in the stalks such as maize straw, wheat stalk, rice straw,
It is made through carbonization.As alternative embodiment, carburizing temperature is set to 400~500 DEG C.So, in the temperature range, straw carbon
Change more thoroughly, if temperature is too high, energy waste will be caused；And if temperature is too low, be then carbonized insufficient, there are remnants straw
Stalk, and in the temperature range, organic carbon yield is of a relatively high, about 35%, soil carbon content can be effectively improved, to improving soil
Carbon storehouse has an obvious effect, and can improved soil structure, retaining storage supports, and improves fertilizer efficiency.
Humic acid fertilizer is by 50% ammonium humate, 35% humic acid, 5% humic acid magnesium, 5% zinc humic acid, 5% rotten plant
Uraturia plain sheet is mixed.
Trace element compound is mixed by 40% borax, 25~40% manganese sulfates, 20~30% ammonium molybdates, 5% chelated copper
Form.
Certainly, in practical application, each component dry weight proportioning in composite stalk organic granular fertilizer can be combined with specific
Soil types, crop species and the variant growth period of crop, carry out appropriate adjustment.
In the embodiment of the present invention, make stalk biological carbon needed for cost be about 1500 yuan/ton, humic acid fertilizer into
This is 330~1700 yuan/ton, more than about 2600 yuan/ton of bone meal cost, and trace element compound is per ton from thousands of members to tens thousand of members
.Each composition uses above-mentioned weight dry weight percentage, can not only meet the mineral nutrient element needs needed for plant growth,
Moreover, cost is more cheap.For example, distinguishing for composite stalk organic granular fertilizer dry weight percentage：Crop material 70%,
Stalk biological carbon 15%, humic acid fertilizer 10%, bone meal 1%, the situation of trace element compound 4%, in trial crops
Corn yield is all that in the case of 400,000 grams/acre, it is about 320 yuan to apply cost, if applying commodity Chicken dung, needs to spend
More than 550 yuan, and cake fertilizer, sludge and fermented stalk are mixed, cost is higher compared with commodity Chicken dung.
As seen from the above technical solutions, in composite stalk organic granular fertilizer provided in an embodiment of the present invention, crop material
It is with low cost, the organic fertilizer of abundance；Straw biological carbon can improve carbon base in soil, and carbon base in soil is effectively supplemented,
There is obvious effect to improving the soil organism, and can improved soil structure, retaining storage supports, and improves fertilizer efficiency；Humic acid fertilizer
It is good environmental fertilizer as larger molecular organics matter, can effectively strengthens soil aeration, water penetration, improves soil knot
Structure, promotes crop root development, with significant fertilizer synergistic, improved soil, stimulates plant growth, improves quality of agricultural product etc.
Function；Bone meal includes abundant active organic calcium and phosphorus, is easily absorbed by crops；Trace element compound can be further
Improve and balance soil nutrient status, improve fertilizer utilization efficiency.The composite stalk organic granular fertilizer of the embodiment of the present invention, due to
Using the granulated fertilizer of standardization, the straw-returning working specification of practical, effective, safety and standardization can be formulated；Further, grain
Fertile process time is short, with low cost, and nutrition is complete, and proportioning is scientific and reasonable, and the conversion that can be effectively promoted nutrient is absorbed so that
Soil becomes loose, and granulated fertilizer particle is uniform, and soil plough horizon can be avoided to be internally formed hole, improves soil texture, disclosure satisfy that agriculture
Demand of the crop whole puberty to a variety of nutrients；Moreover, being easy to automation size production, processing, it is easy to long-distance transport, effectively
Extend administration scope and the region of granulated fertilizer.With energy improved soil, the utilization increase soil fertility, improve nutrient in soil
Rate, environmental protection safety, the simple advantage of preparation technology.
Several specific embodiments are named, the application to composite stalk organic granular fertilizer of the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment one：Plant spring maize
Composite stalk organic granular fertilizer weight dry weight percentage is distinguished：Crop material 70%, stalk biological carbon 15%, corruption
Phytic acid class fertilizer 10%, bone meal 1%, trace element compound 4%.Wherein, trace element compound is by 40% borax, 30% sulphur
Sour manganese, 25% ammonium molybdate, 5% chelated copper are mixed.After well mixed, granulation.In specific apply, tied before corn seeding
Close site preparation to apply as base fertilizer, ditch spread applies 25 centimetres of depth, 350,000 grams/acre of sowing amount.In later stage, in corn typhon mouthful
Mu imposes 200 kilograms, 20 centimetres of row side suitable distance deep placement, timely earthing before and after phase.Control group base applies 1000 kilograms of farm manure
With 25~30 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, ditch spread applies 25 centimetres of depth.Mu imposes urea 15,000 before and after the corn typhon mouthful phase
Gram, 20 centimetres of row side suitable distance deep placement, timely earthing.Two groups of other water and fertilizer management measures are consistent.Compared with the control, corn is produced
Amount increase by 4.3~8.7%, rod length averagely increases by 4.8 centimetres.
Embodiment two：Plant apple
Composite stalk organic granular fertilizer weight dry weight percentage is distinguished：Crop material 68%, stalk biological carbon 12%, corruption
Phytic acid class fertilizer 12%, bone meal 3%, trace element compound 5%.Wherein, trace element compound is by 40% borax, 28% sulphur
Sour manganese, 27% ammonium molybdate, 5% chelated copper are mixed.After well mixed, granulation.Bottom application in late September to October enters, into age tree
Using " radial canal " fertilization method, 30~40 centimetres of furrow width, 30~40 centimetres of ditch depth, earthing after fertilising, every mu is applied 550 kilograms.It is next
Year soil thaw after to before rudiment, every mu is spreaded manuer in holes 300 kilograms.Control group late September at the bottom of ten months every mu apply farm manure 1500
Kilogram, coordinate 20 kilograms of urea, 50 kilograms of calcium superphosphate.Next year soil thaw after to before rudiment, the every mu of two ammonium 20k that spread manuer in holes.Its
His two groups of water and fertilizer management measure is identical.Compared with the control, apple production increase by 6.8~11.4%, fruit footpath averagely increases by 1.1 lis
Rice, moisture averagely lifts 4.8%, and sugar content increases by 2.1~5.3%, and fruity delicate fragrance, mouthfeel is good, and commodity is improved.
Embodiment three：Plant cowpea
Composite stalk organic granular fertilizer weight dry weight percentage is distinguished：Crop material 66%, stalk biological carbon 15%, corruption
Phytic acid class fertilizer 14%, bone meal 1%, trace element compound 4%, after being well mixed, granulation.Wherein, trace element compound
Mixed by 40% borax, 25% manganese sulfate, 30% ammonium molybdate, 5% chelated copper.Using when, do furrow with reference to site preparation, apply
350000 grams/acre are made base manure, apply 25 centimetres of depth, and bar is granted to dissipate to apply and is combined.Cowpea field planting also after seedling, with reference to intertillage, pine
Soil, every mu imposes double centner, and ditch spread applies 15 centimetres of depth.First inflorescence starts after bearing pods, and every mu imposes 250 kilograms, ditch
Apply, apply 15 centimetres of depth.Control group applies 4000 kilograms of compost and makees base manure, applies 25 centimetres of depth, bar grants scattered Shi Xiangjie
Close.Cowpea field planting also after seedling, every mu imposes 5 kilograms of urea, 5 kilograms of potassium sulfate, and ditch spread applies 15 centimetres of depth.First inflorescence
Start after bearing pods, every mu imposes 8 kilograms of urea, 6 kilograms of potassium sulfate, and ditch spread applies 15 centimetres of depth.Other water and fertilizer management measures
Two groups identical.Compared with the control, cowpea yield increase by 6.7~13.3%, pod length averagely increases by 2.1 centimetres, and quality makes moderate progress.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement for being made etc. should be included in the guarantor of the present invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of composite stalk organic granular fertilizer, it is characterised in that the composite stalk organic granular fertilizer includes following component：Crop
Stalk, stalk biological carbon, humic acid fertilizer, bone meal and trace element compound, wherein,
The weight dry weight percentage of each component is respectively：Crop material 50~70%, stalk biological carbon 10~15%, humic acid
Class fertilizer 10~20%, bone meal 1~3%, trace element compound 3~5%, after each dry weight component is crushed, percentage by weight
Than mixing, fully mix, then carry out granulated processed, obtain composite stalk organic granular fertilizer；
One kind or its any combination that the stalk biological carbon is selected in maize straw, wheat stalk and rice straw, warp
Carbonization is made, and carburizing temperature is set to 400~500 DEG C.
2. composite stalk organic granular fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the crop material includes：Corn stalk
Stalk, wheat stalk, rice straw and soybean stalk.
3. composite stalk organic granular fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the humic acid fertilizer is rotten by 50%
Sour ammonium, 35% humic acid, 5% humic acid magnesium, 5% zinc humic acid, 5% humic acid urea iron is grown to mix.
4. composite stalk organic granular fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the trace element compound is by 40%
Borax, 25~40% manganese sulfates, 20~30% ammonium molybdates, 5% chelated copper are mixed.
5. composite stalk organic granular fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the crop material 70%, stalk system
Biological carbon 15%, humic acid fertilizer 10%, bone meal 1%, trace element compound 4%, wherein, the trace element compound
Mixed by 40% borax, 30% manganese sulfate, 25% ammonium molybdate, 5% chelated copper；
The composite stalk organic granular fertilizer is applied as base fertilizer with reference to site preparation before corn seeding, fertilization mode is ditch spread, is applied
Enter 25 centimetres of depth, 350,000 grams/acre of sowing amount；In later stage, mu imposes 200 kilograms before and after the corn typhon mouthful phase, and row side is fitted
When apart from 20 centimetres of deep placement, timely earthing.
6. composite stalk organic granular fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the crop material 68%, stalk system
Biological carbon 12%, humic acid fertilizer 12%, bone meal 3%, trace element compound 5%, wherein, the trace element compound
Mixed by 40% borax, 28% manganese sulfate, 27% ammonium molybdate, 5% chelated copper；
Bottom application in late September to October enters the composite stalk organic granular fertilizer, and " radial canal " fertilization method is used into age apple tree,
30~40 centimetres of furrow width, 30~40 centimetres of ditch depth, earthing after fertilising, every mu is applied 550 kilograms；Next year soil arrives rudiment after thawing
Before, every mu is spreaded manuer in holes 300 kilograms.
7. composite stalk organic granular fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the crop material 66%, stalk system
Biological carbon 15%, humic acid fertilizer 14%, bone meal 1%, trace element compound 4%, wherein, the trace element compound
Mixed by 40% borax, 25% manganese sulfate, 30% ammonium molybdate, 5% chelated copper；
Furrow are done with reference to site preparation, 350,000 grams/acre is applied and makees base manure, 25 centimetres of depth is applied, bar is granted to dissipate to apply and is combined；Cowpea is determined
Also after seedling is planted, with reference to intertilling, loosening the soil, every mu imposes double centner, and ditch spread applies 15 centimetres of depth；First inflorescence starts to bear pods
Afterwards, every mu imposes 250 kilograms, and ditch spread applies 15 centimetres of depth.
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| JP3593501B2 (en) * | 2001-01-11 | 2004-11-24 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Organic waste treatment method and apparatus |
| CN103102197A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2013-05-15 | 宋阳 | Efficient organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN102701860A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2012-10-03 | 上海孚祥生物科技有限公司 | Sustained-release fertilizer taking biomass granular carbon as matrix and specially used for melon and preparation method of fertilizer |
| CN102850120B (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2014-06-11 | 四川省烟草公司泸州市公司 | Biological carbon organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103449915B (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2015-07-08 | 黑龙江省农业科学院农村能源研究所 | Organic/inorganic compound fertilizer taking biomass charcoal as matrix, preparation method of organic/inorganic compound fertilizer and preparation method of fine straw biomass charcoal powder |
| CN103980908B (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2016-07-20 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Salt-affected soil conditioner |
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