CN104442507A - Lifting self-discharging mechanism used for full electric vehicle - Google Patents
Lifting self-discharging mechanism used for full electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN104442507A CN104442507A CN201410627385.4A CN201410627385A CN104442507A CN 104442507 A CN104442507 A CN 104442507A CN 201410627385 A CN201410627385 A CN 201410627385A CN 104442507 A CN104442507 A CN 104442507A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lifting self-discharging mechanism used for a full electric vehicle. The lifting self-discharging mechanism used for the full electric vehicle is simple in structure, high in efficiency, safe, reliable and suitable for the full electric vehicle. The lifting self-discharging mechanism used for the full electric vehicle comprises a vehicle frame, a cross beam, a motor, a mechanical driving box, a straight spur gear, a sector gear, a compartment, guide rail grooves, sliding blocks and tie bars, wherein the motor and the mechanical driving box are both fixedly installed on the cross beam at the rear of the vehicle frame, the output shaft of the motor is connected to an input shaft of the mechanical driving box, the straight spur gear is installed at one end of an output shaft of the mechanical driving box, and the sector gear is fixedly installed at the rear of a base plate of the compartment. A motive power source of the electric vehicle serves as a power source of a lifting mechanism, after the circuit is turned on, electric energy is converted into mechanical energy through the motor and is transmitted to the mechanical driving box, then the sector gear drives the compartment to rotate clockwise or anti-clockwise, and therefore lifting and reset of the compartment are achieved. The lifting self-discharging mechanism used for the full electric vehicle is easy to implement, enables a lifting process to be stable, can improve the reliability of the entire lifting process and lowers cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lifting body dumping mechanism, particularly relate to a kind of lifting body dumping mechanism being applicable to the pure electric self-unloading car of little tonnage, belong to Vehicle Engineering.
Background technology
Along with the increase of environmental protection pressure, the application of electronlmobil is increasingly extensive.Pure electric self-unloading car is a kind of new forms of energy special-use vehicle towards short range in city, Smaller load engineer operation.Compared to traditional dumping car, its overall dimensions of a car is less, and rely on power battery pack to provide power completely, zero-emission, pollution-free, power is about 50-70kW, and dead-weight capacity is generally only 1-2 ton, and transportation range is also relatively short.
At present, traditional dumping car major part uses and directly promotes or tie-rod assembled hydraulic formula lifting mechanism.But there is following drawback in this lifting mechanism:
(1) hydraulic lifting mechanism complex structure, energy transferring route is long, and the element places such as oil pump, hydraulic actuating cylinder, pipeline easily leak.
(2) hydraulic lifting mechanism contains the components and parts of the various precision manufactureing such as hydraulic oil pump, oil cylinder and control cock, and these components and parts manufacturing costs are high, expensive.
(3)---mechanical energy---hydraulic energy---mechanical energy that hydraulic lifting mechanism energy transferring form is: electric energy, transformation of energy link is many, transfer route is long and there is oil circuit loss on the way, the machinery driving efficiency making it total reduces, and is only about 50%.Therefore, hydraulic lifting mechanism can not solve the requirement that pure electric vehicle driving efficiency is high, structure is simple, cheap preferably, there is many technical matterss, be necessary to develop a kind of lifting mechanism by electric energy Direct driver, make it more stable, reliable, efficient in operational process, and compact conformation also can reduce the power consumption in engineer operation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the deficiency overcoming the existence of conventional hydraulic formula lifting mechanism, the novel lifting mechanism that a kind of efficiency is high, structure is simple, easy to implement, safe and reliable is provided, is specially adapted to the pure electronic self-unloading special vehicle of the little tonnage of short range engineer operation in city.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical proposal:
Lifting body dumping mechanism for pure electric vehicle provided by the invention, comprises electrical motor, Mechanical Driven case, the spur wheel being arranged on car bottom and quadrant drive mechanism, guide piece.This lifting body dumping mechanism adopts electrical motor provide power and powered by vehicle mounted dynamic battery group; The output shaft end of electrical motor connects with the input shaft of Mechanical Driven case; At the output shaft end of Mechanical Driven case, spur wheel is installed; Spur wheel is meshed with quadrant gear, and quadrant gear is fixedly mounted on cabin floor rear portion and is connected with compartment; The rotary motion produced by electrical motor passes to spur wheel after Mechanical Driven case slows down, and spur wheel drives quadrant gear and compartment to rotate around the rotating shaft be arranged on bottom rear end, compartment, thus realizes lifting and the reset in compartment; Between car bottom and vehicle frame, guide piece is installed.
Described vehicle frame is the vehicle frame that common two class chassis carry, bearing cross beam is installed with at vehicle frame rear portion, electrical motor, Mechanical Driven case are installed on this crossbeam, its connection mode is that bolt connects, therefore the vertical and horizontal installation position of crossbeam should take into full account the installing space of electrical motor and Mechanical Driven case.The output shaft of electrical motor is connected by coupler with the input shaft of Mechanical Driven case, and the installation site of Mechanical Driven case on crossbeam is determined by the width between centers of spur wheel and quadrant gear.
Described Mechanical Driven case is similar to standard machinery formula reductor, be made up of inner gear mechanism and shell, adopt the two-stage transmission of one-level helical spur gear and first-stage worm gear worm screw, cylindrical helical gear drive is than being 4:1, worm gear transmission ratio is 60, therefore this Mechanical Driven case total reduction gear ratio is 240:1, inner employing lubrication by atomization, specified transmitting torque can be determined according to dumping car mounted mass, and computing formula is as follows:
M
d＝(40:45)m
e
In formula, m
efor the specified mounted mass of dumping car (kg); M
dfor the carry-over moment (Nm) between quadrant gear and spur wheel, the tipper carriage length of usual specified mounted mass 12 tons is about 2.5m3m, and when car length is shorter, in this formula, coefficient gets smaller value, otherwise, get higher value.
Described spur wheel and quadrant drive mechanism, its spur wheel is arranged on Mechanical Driven case mouth, quadrant gear is fixedly mounted on cabin floor rear portion and is connected with compartment, and two gears are involute tooth gear, and the segment angle of quadrant gear is 90 °; The line of centers of quadrant gear overlaps with the shaft axis be arranged on bottom rear end, compartment; The drive torque being passed to quadrant gear by spur wheel makes the axis of compartment around quadrant gear together with quadrant gear rotate, and realizes lifting and the reset in compartment.The lubricating method of spur wheel and quadrant drive mechanism adopts grease lubrication.The modulus determination formula of spur wheel and quadrant gear is:
In above formula, M
dfor the carry-over moment (Nm) between quadrant gear and spur wheel, m is the modulus of spur wheel and quadrant gear, and after formulae discovery, rounding is master die numerical value thus.
Described electrical motor is common frequency control motor, can permanent torque stepless time adjustment between 5 ∽ 50Hz, speed control by constant power between 50 ∽ 100Hz.Electrical motor working speed n in this lifting mechanism
0=320r/min, slows down through gear mechanism at different levels, and final quadrant gear and compartment are n=0.53r/min around bottom, compartment rotating shaft rotary rpm, and its rating horsepower is determined according to dumping car mounted mass, and computing formula is as follows:
In formula, P is the minimum rating horsepower (kW) that electrical motor allows, M
dfor the carry-over moment (Nm) between quadrant gear and spur wheel.
The compartment of described compartment and traditional dumping car is similar, and the platform installing quadrant gear is arranged at bottom.
Described guide piece, be made up of tie-rod, guide-track groove and slide block, guide-track groove is arranged on forward position outside chassis side rail by screw, and slide block can be free to slide in guide-track groove, one end of tie-rod and the bearing of cabin floor hinged, the other end is hinged and connected by rotating shaft and slide block.Be positioned at maximum lifting angles in compartment when spending, tie-rod angle of inclination is maximum, is less than 80 °; When compartment reversion resets, tie-rod leaning angle diminishes, and promotes slide block and moves forward in guide rail, and ensure that compartment is stably fallen smoothly.
The present invention compared with prior art has following main beneficial effect:
(1) driving efficiency is high, saves electric energy, improves vehicle continual mileage.
On pure electric vehicle, utilize electrical motor to come driving device driving box and fan-shaped gear mechanism, drive compartment upset, realize self-unloading, can reduce transformation of energy link, realize the disposable transformation of electric energy to mechanical energy, driving efficiency can reach more than 85%.
(2) vehicle stabilization when dumping goods, safe and reliable.
By guide piece restriction compartment lateral inclination, keep dumping car lateral stability, prevent compartment teeter in lifting process from even turning on one's side; Meanwhile, in compartment reseting procedure, guide piece plays certain shock absorbing effect.
(3) structure is simple, easy to implement.
Adopt motor drive gear mechanism, direct lifting compartment, compared to hydraulic lifting mechanism, eliminates power consumption, the vulnerable components such as oil pump, pipeline, hydraulic actuating cylinder, the substitute is gears meshing to drive, reliable transmission, fault is few, easy to maintenance, key components and parts processing and manufacturing accuracy requirement is starkly lower than hydraulic component, and be easy to install, cheap, save cost and reach more than 30%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that in the present invention, on vehicle frame, each parts install birds-eye view
Fig. 2 is initial condition schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 3 is working state schematic representation of the present invention
Fig. 4 is guide-track groove cross sectional representation of the present invention
In figure: 1. vehicle frame; 2. crossbeam; 3. electrical motor; 4. Mechanical Driven case; 5. spur wheel; 6. quadrant gear; 7. compartment; 8. guide-track groove; 9. slide block; 10. tie-rod.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example, the invention will be further described.
Lifting body dumping mechanism for little tonnage pure electric vehicle provided by the invention, turn over formula tipper lifting mechanism after a kind of Mechanical Driven, its structure as shown in Figure 2: be made up of vehicle frame 1, crossbeam 2, electrical motor 3, Mechanical Driven case 4, spur wheel 5, quadrant gear 6, compartment 7, guide-track groove 8, slide block 9, tie-rod 10.This lifting mechanism provides power by electrical motor and is powered by vehicle mounted dynamic battery group.Wherein: electrical motor 3 and Mechanical Driven case 4 are installed on vehicle frame rear cross 2; As shown in Figure 1, the input shaft coaxial line of electrical motor 3 output shaft and Mechanical Driven case 4, and connected by coupler, Mechanical Driven case output shaft end is installed with spur wheel 5; Quadrant gear 6 is arranged on compartment 7 bottom rear, and is meshed with spur wheel.This lifting body dumping mechanism mode of operation is as shown in Figure 3: after electrical motor 3 switches on power, power is provided to Mechanical Driven case 4, drive spur wheel 5 and quadrant gear 6 transmission device, drive compartment 7 to do cw or anticlockwise direction upset, realize carriage lifting and unload goods and compartment reset; Guide-track groove 8, slide block 9, tie-rod 10 form tie-rod guiding device for slide block.
Described vehicle frame 1 is the vehicle frame that common two class chassis carry, the crossbeam 2 play supporting role is installed at vehicle frame rear portion, the distance of plane on the upper plane of this crossbeam and vehicle frame, the position of self-dumping undercarriage for automobile component should be taken into full account, in the scope of structure and stressed permission, should try one's best large, ensure that electrical motor 3 and Mechanical Driven case 4 have enough installing spaces, avoid interfering with cabin floor, compartment closed height can be made simultaneously to reduce, strengthen whole vehicle stability.The level attitude of crossbeam on vehicle frame should ensure that the installation site of Mechanical Driven case and the width between centers of spur wheel and quadrant gear match.As shown in Figure 2, bearing cross beam 2 can be directly welded in vehicle frame 1 rear portion, and crossbeam is processed with screw, and electrical motor 3, Mechanical Driven case 4 are arranged on this crossbeam, and its connection mode is that bolt connects, and selected bolt need use high strength bolt.Because electrical motor 3 and Mechanical Driven case 4 are fixed on vehicle frame rear cross 2, by diametral load very greatly, installation place crossbeam is comparatively large by transverse force, and yielding flexure is even ruptured for motor reel and Mechanical Driven case axle, therefore crossbeam 2 adopts dos-à-dos steel structure girder, to meet its intensity and rigidity requirement.
Described compartment 7 is similar with the compartment of traditional dumping car, and belong to dumping wagon after integral type, front, left and right wallboard is fixing wallboard, and rear wall plate is wild wall, and when needing unloading, rear wall plate can manual unlocking, and car bottom has the platform installing quadrant gear.
Described Mechanical Driven case 4 is similar to standard machinery formula reductor, is made up of inner gear mechanism and shell.Mechanical Driven case is arranged on vehicle frame rear cross 2, is bolted, and installation site precision must ensure spur wheel 5 and the correct engagement of quadrant gear 6, namely determines its installation site by spur wheel and quadrant gear width between centers.Mechanical Driven case mainly realizes slowing down and increases the effect of square, to reach rotating speed and the torque request of lifting mechanism.Because of larger to the total reduction gear ratio of Mechanical Driven case, fan-shaped gear mechanism by electrical motor in this patent, therefore in this Mechanical Driven case, adopt the two-stage transmission of one-level helical spur gear and first-stage worm gear worm screw, cylindrical helical gear drive is than being 4:1, worm gear transmission ratio is 60:1, therefore this Mechanical Driven case total reduction gear ratio is 240:1, internal lubrication mode adopts lubrication by atomization, and specified transmitting torque can be determined according to dumping car mounted mass, and computing formula is as follows:
M
d＝(40:45)m
e
In formula, m
efor the specified mounted mass of dumping car (kg), M
dfor the carry-over moment (Nm) between quadrant gear and spur wheel; The tipper carriage length of usual specified mounted mass 12 tons is about 2.5m3m, and when car length is shorter, in this formula, coefficient gets smaller value, otherwise, get higher value.
Described spur wheel 5 and quadrant gear 6 transmission device, its spur wheel is arranged on Mechanical Driven case 4 output shaft end, quadrant gear is fixedly mounted on compartment 7 bottom rear and is connected with compartment, two gears are involute tooth gear, the segment angle of quadrant gear is 90 °, is 1/4 of a spur wheel; The line of centers of quadrant gear overlaps with the shaft axis be arranged on bottom rear end, compartment; The drive torque being passed to quadrant gear by spur wheel makes the axis of compartment around quadrant gear together with quadrant gear rotate, and realizes lifting and the reset in compartment.The reduction ratio of spur wheel and quadrant drive mechanism is 2.5:1, and internal lubrication mode adopts grease lubrication, and its modulus determination formula is:
In above formula, M
dfor the carry-over moment (Nm) between quadrant gear and spur wheel, m is the modulus of spur wheel and quadrant gear, and after formulae discovery, rounding is master die numerical value thus.Gear material selects low-carbon alloy steel, and as 20CrMnTi, and carry out quenching after carbunse process, superficial hardness reaches 56 ~ 62HRC; The number of teeth of quadrant gear 6 must meet when carriage lifting still can minimum teeth number needed for correct engagement to spur wheel during maximum angle and quadrant gear; The facewidth of spur wheel 5 is a bit larger tham the facewidth of quadrant gear 6 simultaneously, to ensure that the mesh stiffness that this gear drive is enough and two gears fully engage, makes stable drive reliable.
Described electrical motor 3 is common frequency control motor, synchronous speed n
0=60f/p, pole pair p=4, can within the scope of 550Hz speed control by constant torque, speed control by constant power within the scope of 50100Hz.Because lifting mechanism in this patent slows down increase square through Mechanical Driven case, fan-shaped gear mechanism, compartment is rotated, n=0.53r/min with a very low rotating speed, namely when maximum lifting angles β is 50 °, 15 second time can by carriage lifting to maximum lifting angles degree; Therefore the working speed of electrical motor should be lower, adopts 320r/min herein.Electrical motor 3 is fixed on cross member of frame 2, is powered to it by vehicle mounted dynamic battery group, regulates motor speed and control start-stop time and hand of rotation by transfer device by frequency converter.The rating horsepower of electrical motor 3 can according to following formulae discovery:
In formula, P is the minimum rating horsepower (kW) that electrical motor allows, M
dfor the carry-over moment (Nm) between quadrant gear and spur wheel.
This lifting body dumping mechanism arranges the parallel guide piece of left and right two cover along vehicle frame, this guide piece is made up of tie-rod 10, slide block 9 and guide-track groove 8, and the shape of cross section of guide-track groove as shown in Figure 4, slide block 9 is equipped with roller, can Free-rolling, when ensureing that slide block slides in guide-track groove, friction drag is less; Tie-rod 10, slide block 9, guide-track groove 8 are made by aluminum alloy materials, and its density is little, and intensity is good, can make simultaneously roller and guide rail contacting surface coefficient of rolling friction less, be convenient to slide block action.In the lifting and reseting procedure in compartment, by guide piece restriction compartment lateral inclination, keep dumping car lateral stability, prevent compartment teeter in lifting process from even turning on one's side; Meanwhile, in compartment reseting procedure, guide piece plays certain shock absorbing effect.As shown in Figure 2, guide-track groove 8 is arranged on forward position outside vehicle frame 1 longeron by screw, one end of tie-rod 10 and the bearing of compartment 7 base plate hinged, the other end by rotating shaft and slide block 9 hinged, slide block 9 is arranged in guide-track groove 8, can reciprocatingly slide along guide-track groove; The range demands of slide block when guide-track groove length must meet carriage lifting and reset.Because common powder class goods angle of repose is 40-50 °, so ensure that the maximum lifting angles degree β in compartment is 50 °, make goods landing can draw off compartment smoothly; The length of tie-rod 10 must meet lifting and require: as shown in Figure 3, compartment 7 is when reaching maximum lifting angles degree 50 °, and tie-rod 10 is less than 80 ° with the angle of vehicle frame 1, and the variation range of its corner is 0-80 °, when preventing compartment from resetting, slide block is in self-locking card death situation state, and compartment can not be fallen.
Lifting body dumping mechanism for pure electric vehicle provided by the invention, its working process is: when Loaded goods needs to unload, first the rear wall plate in compartment 7 is opened, then operate the control setup on battery-driven car, electrical motor 3 is switched on power and with the comparatively slow speed of revolution stable rotation of setting, driving device driving box 4, spur wheel 5 on Mechanical Driven case drives quadrant gear 6 to rotate, make the compartment 7 be connected with quadrant gear go to certain angle around the shaft, goods skids off compartment, realizes unloading.When discharged, electrical motor is reversed, Mechanical Driven case, spur wheel and quadrant gear also reverse, and drive compartment to return back to initial position, complete the working process of a unloading circulation.In the process, guide piece plays guiding and the effect of stable compartment; When carriage lifting, tie-rod 10 leaning angle increases, and hauls slide block 9 and slides to vehicle frame rear portion in guide-track groove 8, effectively can alleviate the transverse direction of compartment in lifting process and roll and swing, ensure stability and the reliability of whole institution staff; When compartment is to maximum lifting angles, tie-rod inclined angle alpha also reaches maximum, is less than 80 °, and when preventing compartment from resetting, slide block is in self-locking card death situation state; When compartment revolution declines, tie-rod promotes slide block and slides to vehicle frame front portion in guide-track groove, can play guiding and shock absorbing effect.
Claims (6)
1. the lifting body dumping mechanism for pure electric vehicle, comprise vehicle frame (1), Mechanical Driven case (4), compartment (7), quadrant drive mechanism, it is characterized in that adopting electrical motor (3) Direct driver gear mechanism lifting at different levels compartment, its output shaft end connects with the input shaft of Mechanical Driven case (4); Fan-shaped gear mechanism is made up of spur wheel (5), quadrant gear (6); Spur wheel (5) is arranged on the output shaft end of Mechanical Driven case (4), and quadrant gear (6) and compartment (7) are connected as a body.
2. the lifting body dumping mechanism for pure electric vehicle according to claims 1, it is characterized in that described quadrant gear (6) is involute tooth gear, its segment angle is 90 °, be arranged on compartment (7) bottom rear and be connected with compartment, and rotating shaft coaxial line bottom quadrant gear center of gyration and compartment (7) rear end, make quadrant gear (6) together with compartment (7) around compartment rotating shaft reciprocating rotation.
3. the lifting body dumping mechanism for pure electric vehicle according to claims 2, is characterized in that the modulus of described quadrant gear (6) is determined as follows:
In formula: M
dfor the carry-over moment (Nm) between quadrant gear (6) and spur wheel (5), m is the modulus of spur wheel and quadrant gear, and after formulae discovery, rounding is master die numerical value thus.
4. the lifting body dumping mechanism for pure electric vehicle according to claims 1 or 2, it is characterized in that respectively there is a set of guide piece in the both sides of compartment (7), this device is made up of tie-rod (10), guide-track groove (8) and slide block (9), guide-track groove (8) is arranged on forward position outside vehicle frame (1) longeron by screw, slide block (9) can be free to slide in guide-track groove, one end of tie-rod (10) and the bearing of compartment (7) base plate hinged, the other end of tie-rod (10) is hinged and connected by rotating shaft and slide block (9).
5. the lifting body dumping mechanism for pure electric vehicle according to claims 4, is characterized in that: tie-rod (10), guide-track groove (8) and slide block (9) are made by aluminum alloy materials; It is maximum that compartment (7) is positioned at tie-rod angle of inclination when maximum lifting angles is spent ,≤80 °, and when compartment reversion resets, tie-rod leaning angle diminishes, and promote slide block and move forward in guide-track groove, compartment is fallen smoothly.
6. the lifting body dumping mechanism for pure electric vehicle according to claims 1, it is characterized in that the rear portion of described vehicle frame (1) is provided with bearing cross beam (2), electrical motor (3), Mechanical Driven case (4) are arranged on this crossbeam, and its connection mode is that bolt connects.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410627385.4A CN104442507A (en) | 2014-11-10 | 2014-11-10 | Lifting self-discharging mechanism used for full electric vehicle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410627385.4A CN104442507A (en) | 2014-11-10 | 2014-11-10 | Lifting self-discharging mechanism used for full electric vehicle |
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| CN104442507A true CN104442507A (en) | 2015-03-25 |
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| CN201410627385.4A Pending CN104442507A (en) | 2014-11-10 | 2014-11-10 | Lifting self-discharging mechanism used for full electric vehicle |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104930185A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-09-23 | 洛阳市增辉科技有限公司 | Driving device for translation dumper |
| CN109094442A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-12-28 | 河海大学 | A kind of unmanned transport vehicle for Concrete Dam Construction |
| CN112537357A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-03-23 | 成都市新都区了否商贸有限公司 | Full-automatic manned engineering shallow |
| CN116605185A (en) * | 2023-07-21 | 2023-08-18 | 江苏大学扬州(江都)新能源汽车产业研究所 | Dumping-proof device of dump truck |
-
2014
- 2014-11-10 CN CN201410627385.4A patent/CN104442507A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104930185A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-09-23 | 洛阳市增辉科技有限公司 | Driving device for translation dumper |
| CN109094442A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-12-28 | 河海大学 | A kind of unmanned transport vehicle for Concrete Dam Construction |
| CN112537357A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-03-23 | 成都市新都区了否商贸有限公司 | Full-automatic manned engineering shallow |
| CN116605185A (en) * | 2023-07-21 | 2023-08-18 | 江苏大学扬州(江都)新能源汽车产业研究所 | Dumping-proof device of dump truck |
| CN116605185B (en) * | 2023-07-21 | 2023-10-20 | 江苏大学扬州(江都)新能源汽车产业研究所 | Dumping-proof device of dump truck |
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Application publication date: 20150325 |