CN104439206B - Application of silicon grain heterogeneous nucleation enhancer in promotion of nucleation of silicon grains in aluminum-silicon alloy melt - Google Patents
Application of silicon grain heterogeneous nucleation enhancer in promotion of nucleation of silicon grains in aluminum-silicon alloy melt Download PDFInfo
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- CN104439206B CN104439206B CN201410718272.5A CN201410718272A CN104439206B CN 104439206 B CN104439206 B CN 104439206B CN 201410718272 A CN201410718272 A CN 201410718272A CN 104439206 B CN104439206 B CN 104439206B
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- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/20—Measures not previously mentioned for influencing the grain structure or texture; Selection of compositions therefor
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Abstract
The invention relates to an application of a silicon grain heterogeneous nucleation enhancer in promotion of nucleation of silicon grains in aluminum-silicon alloy melt. Elements of the silicon grain heterogeneous nucleation enhancer comprise more than one or two of the following combinations: aluminum and iron, aluminum and chromium, aluminum and nickel, aluminum and manganese, aluminum and vanadium, aluminum and copper, chromium and silicon, nickel and silicon, manganese and silicon and copper and silicon. The silicon grain heterogeneous nucleation enhancer can substantially improve the nucleation capacity of heterogeneous nucleation cores of the silicon grains in the aluminum-silicon alloy melt, thereby greatly improving the nucleation rate of the silicon grains in the aluminum-silicon alloy melt and improving solidification structures.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates in a kind of silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent silicon crystal grain forming core in promoting Al-Si alloy melt
Application, belongs to technical field of metal.
Background technology
Alusil alloy, due to its high specific strength, good corrosion resistance and machinability, becomes motor cylinder block cylinder cap
First-selected lightweighting materials.Often add heterogeneous forming core core in aluminum silicon melt in the industrial production, to silicon is significantly increased
Grain nucleation rate, thus reduce the size of silicon crystal grain in solidified superalloy.Due to the heterogeneous forming core with regard to silicon crystal grain in aluminum silicon melt
The research of core continue for decades, so making the potentiality optimizing solidified structure in this way further substantially reduce.
Therefore, in order to improve the military service performance of alusil alloy, need to develop and a kind of be different from the heterogeneous forming core of the offer commonly using at present
The method of core, by promoting silicon crystal grain forming core in aluminum silicon melt, realizes solidified structure regulation and control.
Content of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent promoting alusil alloy to melt
Application in silicon crystal grain forming core in body, this silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent itself not as heterogeneous forming core core, but permissible
Increase substantially the nucleation ability of potentially heterogeneous forming core core in melt, thus increasing substantially silicon crystal grain in aluminum silicon melt
Nucleation rate, improves solidified structure.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of application in silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent silicon crystal grain forming core in promoting Al-Si alloy melt, this strengthening
Agent elementary composition for one of following components or two or more combination：
The aluminum of mass fraction 60%-99% and the ferrum of surplus, the aluminum of mass fraction 60%-99% and the chromium of surplus, quality
The aluminum of fraction 60%-99% and the nickel of surplus, the aluminum of mass fraction 60%-99% and the manganese of surplus, mass fraction 60%-99%
Aluminum and surplus vanadium, the aluminum of mass fraction 50%-99% and the copper of surplus, the chromium of mass fraction 50%-90% and surplus
Silicon, the nickel of mass fraction 50%-90% and the silicon of surplus, the manganese of mass fraction 50%-90% and the silicon of surplus, mass fraction
The copper of 50%-90% and the silicon of surplus.
According to the invention it is preferred to, described hardening agent elementary composition for one of following components or two or more
Combination：
The aluminum of mass fraction 80-95% and the ferrum of surplus, the aluminum of mass fraction 80%-95% and the chromium of surplus, quality is divided
The number aluminum of 80%-95% and the nickel of surplus, the aluminum of mass fraction 80%-95% and the manganese of surplus, mass fraction 80%-95%'s
Aluminum and the vanadium of surplus, the aluminum of mass fraction 50%-75% and the copper of surplus, the chromium of mass fraction 60%-85% and the silicon of surplus,
The nickel of mass fraction 60%-85% and the silicon of surplus, the manganese of mass fraction 60%-85% and the silicon of surplus, mass fraction 70%-
90% copper and the silicon of surplus.
According to the invention it is preferred to, described hardening agent elementary composition for one of following components or two or more
Combination：
The aluminum of mass fraction 90% and 10% ferrum, the aluminum of mass fraction 90% and 10% chromium, mass fraction 90%
Aluminum and 10% nickel, the aluminum of mass fraction 90% and 10% manganese, the aluminum of mass fraction 90% and 10% vanadium, mass fraction
60% aluminum and 40% copper, the chromium of mass fraction 70% and 30% silicon, the nickel of mass fraction 70% and 30% silicon, quality
The manganese of fraction 70% and 30% silicon, the copper of mass fraction 89% and 11% silicon.
According to the present invention, the preparation method of the heterogeneous forming core hardening agent of above-mentioned silicon crystal grain is as follows including step：
(1) weigh commercially pure simple substance raw material by above-mentioned quality proportioning；
(2) by simple substance melting sources and in the above 100-300 DEG C of insulation 15-30min of corresponding liquidus temperature；
(3) melt after step (2) isothermal holding is cast into ingot casting or continuous casting and rolling becomes wire rod, obtain final product.
According to the invention it is preferred to, in step (2), holding temperature is 200 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 20min.
According to the invention it is preferred to, when simple substance raw material is easy to oxidation, using noble gases in step (2) fusion process
Protection, preferred noble gases are nitrogen or argon.
According to the present invention, in described silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent silicon crystal grain forming core in promoting Al-Si alloy melt
Application, comprise the following steps that：
Alusil alloy is melted, the ratio according to Al-Si alloy melt quality 0.1-2% adds this hardening agent, be incubated 15-
After 30min, casting solidification molding, you can.
After adding silicon crystal grain of the present invention heterogeneous forming core hardening agent, some local orders can be introduced in aluminum silicon melt
Structure, these local order's structures can activate in aluminum silicon melt originally can not work (or forming core efficiency is very low) some are solid
Body granule is as silicon crystal grain forming core core, thus increasing substantially the nucleation rate of silicon crystal grain in melt, reaches regulation and control solidified structure
Purpose.
The heterogeneous forming core hardening agent of silicon crystal grain of the present invention can decompose after being added to Al-Si alloy melt, will not leave behind any permissible
As the crystalline solids of heterogeneous forming core core, therefore itself the heterogeneous forming core core of silicon crystal grain can not be provided for aluminum silicon melt.This
It is substantially distinguished from commonly used some phosphorous intermediate alloys (or alterant) during current alusil alloy produces.These are phosphorous
The model of action of intermediate alloy be the heterogeneous forming core directly introducing this silicon crystal grain of aluminum phosphate (AlP) in Al-Si alloy melt
Core.And the model of action of silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent is to introduce some local orders knot in aluminum silicon melt in the present invention
Structure (completely without the participation of P elements or aluminum phosphate), these local order's structures can activate in aluminum silicon melt originally not
Active solid particle is as forming core core, thus the nucleation rate of in Al-Si alloy melt silicon crystal grain is greatly improved
(Enhancing Nucleation Density).That is, this silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent can efficiently promote the heterogeneous forming core core of potential silicon crystal grain in melt
(include in Al-Si alloy melt naturally occurring and by consolidating of adding that the method such as alusil alloy fining agent or alterant introduces
Body crystal grain) work.Therefore, this silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent can significantly improve silicon crystal grain in solidified structure
Quantity.It can be found that can significantly promote Al-15Si (matter using this silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent from the contrast of accompanying drawing
Amount fraction) number of nuclei of silicon crystal grain in melt, thus reaching the purpose of regulation and control solidified structure.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
1st, the silicon crystal grain of the present invention heterogeneous forming core hardening agent composition is simple, and extensively, preparation method is simple for raw material sources.
What the 2nd, the silicon crystal grain of the present invention heterogeneous forming core hardening agent used is all the element having in itself in conventional alusil alloy,
The probability of pollution alloy is greatly reduced.
3rd, the silicon crystal grain of the present invention heterogeneous forming core hardening agent can activate in melt after being added in Al-Si alloy melt
Some solid particles are as the forming core core of silicon crystal grain, thus significantly promoting the forming core of silicon from aluminum-silicon alloy crystal grain.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the shape appearance figure of silicon crystal grain in the solidified structure of Al-15Si (mass fraction) in comparative example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the shape appearance figure of silicon crystal grain in the solidified structure of Al-15Si (mass fraction) in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the shape appearance figure of silicon crystal grain in the solidified structure of Al-15Si (mass fraction) in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 4 is the shape appearance figure of silicon crystal grain in the solidified structure of Al-15Si (mass fraction) in the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Fig. 5 is the shape appearance figure of silicon crystal grain in the solidified structure of Al-15Si (mass fraction) in the embodiment of the present invention 4.
Fig. 6 is the shape appearance figure of silicon crystal grain in the solidified structure of Al-15Si (mass fraction) in the embodiment of the present invention 5.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment and combine accompanying drawing the present invention will be further described, but not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of application in silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent silicon crystal grain forming core in promoting Al-Si alloy melt, this strengthening
The element mass percent of agent consists of aluminum 90% and manganese 10%.
The preparation method of this hardening agent is as follows：
(1) press commercial-purity aluminium 90%, the mass ratio of manganese 10% weighs raw material；
(2) aluminum and manganese are melted in intermediate frequency furnace and be incubated 20min at 950 DEG C；
(3) above-mentioned melt is cast into ingot casting or continuous casting and rolling becomes wire rod, obtain final product.
Concrete application step is as follows：
Melt Al-15Si (mass fraction) alloy in intermediate frequency furnace, the ratio according to melt quality 1% adds this heterogeneous shape
Core hardening agent, after insulation 20min, be poured in graphite jig according to common process (45 millimeters of diameter, 2 millimeters of wall thickness, highly 40
Millimeter).Fig. 2 is silicon crystal grain in the alusil alloy solidified structure being obtained using the silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent of the present embodiment
Shape appearance figure.Fig. 1 is silicon crystal grain in the alusil alloy solidified structure not obtained using silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent (comparative example 1)
Shape appearance figure.
From Fig. 1,2, compared not different using silicon crystal grain using the number of silicon crystal grain after silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent
The silicon crystal grain of matter forming core hardening agent dramatically increases.This is due to the activation of the silicon crystal grain of this Al-Si alloy melt heterogeneous forming core hardening agent
Naturally occurring in some aluminum silicon melts, but the solid particle of heterogeneous forming core effect on driving birds is not good is so that they can be effectively
Promote silicon crystal grain forming core, thus increasing the number of the silicon crystal grain in solidified structure.
Embodiment 2
A kind of application in silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent silicon crystal grain forming core in promoting Al-Si alloy melt, this strengthening
The element mass percent of agent consists of aluminum 90%, nickel 10%.
The preparation method of this hardening agent is as follows：
(1) press commercial-purity aluminium 90%, the mass ratio of nickel 10% weighs raw material；
(2) al and ni is melted in intermediate frequency furnace and be incubated 20min at 1300 DEG C；
(3) above-mentioned melt is cast into ingot casting, obtains final product.
Concrete application step is as follows：
Melt Al-15Si (mass fraction) alloy in intermediate frequency furnace, the ratio according to melt quality 0.5% adds this heterogeneous
Forming core hardening agent, after insulation 20min, be poured in graphite jig according to common process (45 millimeters of diameter, 2 millimeters of wall thickness, highly
40 millimeters).Fig. 3 is silicon crystal grain in the alusil alloy solidified structure being obtained using the silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent of the present embodiment
Shape appearance figure.
From the figure 3, it may be seen that compared not different using silicon crystal grain using the number of silicon crystal grain after this silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent
The silicon crystal grain of matter forming core hardening agent (Fig. 1) dramatically increases.This is due to the strengthening of the silicon crystal grain of this Al-Si alloy melt heterogeneous forming core
Agent have activated naturally occurring in some aluminum silicon melts, but the solid particle of heterogeneous forming core effect on driving birds is not good is so that they are permissible
It is effectively facilitated silicon crystal grain forming core, thus increasing the number of the silicon crystal grain in solidified structure.
Embodiment 3
A kind of application in silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent silicon crystal grain forming core in promoting Al-Si alloy melt, this strengthening
The element mass percent of agent consists of aluminum 60%, copper 40%.
The preparation method of this hardening agent is as follows：
(1) press commercial-purity aluminium 60%, the mass ratio of copper 40% weighs raw material；
(2) aluminum and copper are melted in intermediate frequency furnace and be incubated 20min at 850 DEG C；
(3) above-mentioned melt is cast into ingot casting, obtains final product.
Concrete application step is as follows：
Melt Al-15Si (mass fraction) alloy in intermediate frequency furnace, the ratio according to melt quality 1% adds this heterogeneous shape
Core hardening agent, after insulation 20min, be poured in graphite jig according to common process (45 millimeters of diameter, 2 millimeters of wall thickness, highly 40
Millimeter).Fig. 4 is silicon crystal grain in the alusil alloy solidified structure being obtained using the silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent of the present embodiment
Shape appearance figure.
As shown in Figure 4, compared using the number of silicon crystal grain after this silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent not different using silicon crystal grain
The silicon crystal grain of matter forming core hardening agent (Fig. 1) dramatically increases.This is due to the strengthening of the silicon crystal grain of this Al-Si alloy melt heterogeneous forming core
Agent have activated naturally occurring in some aluminum silicon melts, but the solid particle of heterogeneous forming core effect on driving birds is not good is so that they are permissible
It is effectively facilitated silicon crystal grain forming core, thus increasing the number of the silicon crystal grain in solidified structure.
Embodiment 4
A kind of application in silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent silicon crystal grain forming core in promoting Al-Si alloy melt, this strengthening
The element mass percent of agent consists of nickel 70%, silicon 30%.
The preparation method of this hardening agent is as follows：
(1) press industrial pure ni 70%, the mass ratio of silicon 30% weighs raw material；
(2) pure nickel and silicon are melted in intermediate frequency furnace and be incubated 20min at 1200 DEG C；
(3) above-mentioned melt is cast into ingot casting, obtains final product.
Concrete application step is as follows：
Melt Al-15Si (mass fraction) alloy in intermediate frequency furnace, the ratio according to melt quality 0.5% adds this heterogeneous
Forming core hardening agent, after insulation 20min, be poured in graphite jig according to common process (45 millimeters of diameter, 2 millimeters of wall thickness, highly
40 millimeters).Fig. 5 is silicon crystal grain in the alusil alloy solidified structure being obtained using the silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent of the present embodiment
Shape appearance figure.
As shown in Figure 5, compared using the number of silicon crystal grain after this silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent not different using silicon crystal grain
The silicon crystal grain of matter forming core hardening agent (Fig. 1) dramatically increases.This is due to the strengthening of the silicon crystal grain of this Al-Si alloy melt heterogeneous forming core
Agent have activated naturally occurring in some aluminum silicon melts, but the solid particle of heterogeneous forming core effect on driving birds is not good is so that they are permissible
It is effectively facilitated silicon crystal grain forming core, thus increasing the number of the silicon crystal grain in solidified structure.
Embodiment 5
A kind of application in silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent silicon crystal grain forming core in promoting Al-Si alloy melt, this strengthening
The element mass percent of agent consists of aluminum 75%, silicon 10%, nickel 15%.
The preparation method of this hardening agent is as follows：
(1) commercial-purity aluminium 75%, silicon 10% are pressed, the mass ratio of nickel 15% weighs raw material；
(2) fine aluminium, silicon and nickel are melted in intermediate frequency furnace and be incubated 20min at 1100 DEG C；
(3) above-mentioned melt is cast into ingot casting, obtains final product.
Concrete application step is as follows：
Melt Al-15Si (mass fraction) alloy in intermediate frequency furnace, the ratio according to melt quality 0.5% adds this heterogeneous
Forming core hardening agent, after insulation 20min, be poured in graphite jig according to common process (45 millimeters of diameter, 2 millimeters of wall thickness, highly
40 millimeters).Fig. 6 is silicon crystal grain in the alusil alloy solidified structure being obtained using the silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent of the present embodiment
Shape appearance figure.
It will be appreciated from fig. 6 that compared not different using silicon crystal grain using the number of silicon crystal grain after this silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent
The silicon crystal grain of matter forming core hardening agent (Fig. 1) dramatically increases.This is due to the strengthening of the silicon crystal grain of this Al-Si alloy melt heterogeneous forming core
Agent have activated naturally occurring in some aluminum silicon melts, but the solid particle of heterogeneous forming core effect on driving birds is not good is so that they are permissible
It is effectively facilitated silicon crystal grain forming core, thus increasing the number of the silicon crystal grain in solidified structure.
Comparative example 1
Melt industrial Al-15Si (mass fraction) alloy in intermediate frequency furnace, to being completely melt, be poured into according to common process
In graphite jig (45 millimeters of diameter, 2 millimeters of wall thickness, highly 40 millimeters).The shape of silicon crystal grain in gained alusil alloy solidified structure
Looks figure as shown in figure 1, as shown in Figure 1, not using forming core number of particles effective in the melt of silicon crystal grain heterogeneous forming core hardening agent
Few, the quantity that result in silicon crystal grain in solidified structure is few.
Claims (8)
1. the application in a kind of heterogeneous forming core hardening agent of silicon crystal grain silicon crystal grain forming core in promoting Al-Si alloy melt, its feature exists
In, this hardening agent elementary composition for one of following components or two or more combination：
The aluminum of mass fraction 60%-99% and the chromium of surplus, the aluminum of mass fraction 60%-99% and the nickel of surplus, mass fraction 60%-
99% aluminum and the manganese of surplus, the aluminum of mass fraction 60%-99% and the vanadium of surplus, the aluminum of mass fraction 50%-99% and surplus
Copper, the chromium of mass fraction 50%-90% and the silicon of surplus, the nickel of mass fraction 50%-90% and the silicon of surplus, mass fraction 50%-
90% manganese and the silicon of surplus, the copper of mass fraction 50%-90% and the silicon of surplus.
2. in the heterogeneous forming core hardening agent of silicon crystal grain according to claim 1 silicon crystal grain forming core in promoting Al-Si alloy melt
Application it is characterised in that described hardening agent elementary composition for one of following components or two or more combination：
The aluminum of mass fraction 80%-95% and the chromium of surplus, the aluminum of mass fraction 80%-95% and the nickel of surplus, mass fraction 80%-
95% aluminum and the manganese of surplus, the aluminum of mass fraction 80%-95% and the vanadium of surplus, the aluminum of mass fraction 50%-75% and surplus
Copper, the chromium of mass fraction 60%-85% and the silicon of surplus, the nickel of mass fraction 60%-85% and the silicon of surplus, mass fraction 60%-
85% manganese and the silicon of surplus, the copper of mass fraction 70%-90% and the silicon of surplus.
3. in the heterogeneous forming core hardening agent of silicon crystal grain according to claim 1 silicon crystal grain forming core in promoting Al-Si alloy melt
Application it is characterised in that described hardening agent elementary composition for one of following components or two or more combination：
The aluminum of mass fraction 90% and 10% chromium, the aluminum of mass fraction 90% and 10% nickel, the aluminum of mass fraction 90% and 10%
Manganese, the aluminum of mass fraction 90% and 10% vanadium, the aluminum of mass fraction 60% and 40% copper, the chromium of mass fraction 70% and 30%
Silicon, the nickel of mass fraction 70% and 30% silicon, the manganese of mass fraction 70% and 30% silicon, the copper of mass fraction 89% and 11%
Silicon.
4. in the heterogeneous forming core hardening agent of silicon crystal grain according to claim 1 silicon crystal grain forming core in promoting Al-Si alloy melt
Application it is characterised in that described hardening agent is prepared as follows obtaining：
（1）Weigh commercially pure simple substance raw material by above-mentioned quality proportioning；
（2）By simple substance melting sources and in the above 100-300 DEG C of insulation 15-30 min of corresponding liquidus temperature；
（3）By step（2）Melt after isothermal holding is cast into ingot casting or continuous casting and rolling becomes wire rod, obtains final product.
5. in the heterogeneous forming core hardening agent of silicon crystal grain according to claim 4 silicon crystal grain forming core in promoting Al-Si alloy melt
Application it is characterised in that step（2）Middle holding temperature is 200 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 20min.
6. in the heterogeneous forming core hardening agent of silicon crystal grain according to claim 4 silicon crystal grain forming core in promoting Al-Si alloy melt
Application it is characterised in that when simple substance raw material be easy to oxidation when, step（2）Using inert gas shielding in fusion process.
7. in the heterogeneous forming core hardening agent of silicon crystal grain according to claim 6 silicon crystal grain forming core in promoting Al-Si alloy melt
Application it is characterised in that described noble gases are nitrogen or argon.
8. in the heterogeneous forming core hardening agent of silicon crystal grain according to claim 1 silicon crystal grain forming core in promoting Al-Si alloy melt
Application it is characterised in that concrete application step is as follows：
Alusil alloy is melted, the ratio according to Al-Si alloy melt quality 0.1-2% adds this hardening agent, be incubated 15-30 min
Afterwards, casting solidification molding, you can.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410718272.5A CN104439206B (en) | 2014-11-29 | 2014-11-29 | Application of silicon grain heterogeneous nucleation enhancer in promotion of nucleation of silicon grains in aluminum-silicon alloy melt |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410718272.5A CN104439206B (en) | 2014-11-29 | 2014-11-29 | Application of silicon grain heterogeneous nucleation enhancer in promotion of nucleation of silicon grains in aluminum-silicon alloy melt |
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| CN104439206B true CN104439206B (en) | 2017-02-22 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE4327227A1 (en) * | 1993-08-13 | 1995-02-16 | Schaedlich Stubenrauch Juergen | Grain refining agent, its manufacture and use |
| EP2669028B1 (en) * | 2011-01-25 | 2019-07-17 | Nagoya Institute of Technology | Crystal grain refining agent for casting and method for producing the same |
| CN102690964B (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2014-06-18 | 山东大学 | Alterant for hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy primary silicon and preparation method thereof |
| CN102764957B (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2014-11-05 | 东北大学 | Method for manufacturing hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy engine cylinder sleeve |
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