CN104439201B - A kind of large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing ejection device and method that is uniformly distributed thermal source - Google Patents
A kind of large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing ejection device and method that is uniformly distributed thermal source Download PDFInfo
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- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
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Abstract
The large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing ejection device and the method that are uniformly distributed thermal source, device comprises hydraulic pressure hold-down support, hydraulic drive bar, lifting arm, switch board, dolly, upper clamper, lower gripper, top electrode transverse arm, bottom electrode transverse arm and two-layer equation graphite electrode pair; The right internal layer graphite electrode of two-layer equation graphite electrode is solid column, and outer graphite electrode is hollow tubular, and two electrode co-axially aligns insert in the liquid pre-melted slag in rising head case; Top electrode transverse arm, bottom electrode transverse arm are connected on lifting arm, are connected with switch board; Described internal layer graphite electrode is clamped by upper clamper, and upper clamper is connected on top electrode transverse arm; Outer graphite electrode is clamped by lower gripper, and lower gripper is connected on bottom electrode transverse arm. The present invention improves recovery rate of iron; Improve the uniformity of steel ingot chemical composition and the degree of purity of steel; Improve the curing condition at steel ingot center; The efficiency of heating surface is high, and heating effect is good; Improve rising head molten steel utilization rate; Improve steel ingot utilization rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to and relate to electroslag metallurgy and weight equipment manufacture field, specifically a kind of large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing ejection device and method that is uniformly distributed thermal source.
Background technology
Along with the development of the causes such as China's weight equipment and nuclear power, more and more higher to large-scale steel ingot quality requirement. In the preparation process of large-scale steel ingot, exist the problems such as loose shrinkage cavity, be mainly riser head heat-preserving scarce capacity, molten metal smoothly feeding causes. The key addressing the above problem is to improve the insulating power of rising head, ensures the unobstructed of Feeding channel, improves riser feeding ability.
At present, industrial circle has electrical heating riser head technology, and these technology are by methods such as electric arc, plasma or eddy-current heating, riser heating to be incubated. But said apparatus more complicated, operation inconvenience, along with the increase of steel ingot size, this problem is more outstanding. In addition, in these devices, the input of heat mainly concentrates near calandria, and heating volume is little, and temperature distributing disproportionation is even, and the efficiency of heating surface is also low.
Electroslag heat-sealing top be by molten steel casting complete refining to after in ingot mould or mold, emitting port part to adopt Electroslag Process molten steel to be carried out to the electroslag metallurgy application technology of heating and thermal insulation. This technology makes to emit the metal of port area to remain liquid state until steel ingot or casting solidification are complete in the process of setting of steel ingot or foundry goods, thereby make the contraction that metal produces in process of setting can obtain constantly supplementing of liquid metal, eliminate the loose and shrinkage cavity defect in steel ingot or the appearance of foundry goods center, can significantly improve the quality of steel ingot and foundry goods. The hot capping technology of current electroslag adopts single electrode heating more. Chinese patent (CN100509214C) discloses a kind of electroslag heating technique. This patent, for large cast steel support roller, is not too suitable for large-scale steel ingot. In addition, what this patent adopted is the heating of single electrode electroslag, makes current loop long, and the efficiency of heating surface is low. Electric current also can produce Joule heat when through large cast steel support roller, and original solidifying process is had a negative impact.
Summary of the invention
For the problem existing in the hot closed-top technology of current Solidification Process in Large Steel-ingot, the invention provides a kind of large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing ejection device and method that is uniformly distributed thermal source.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing ejection device that is uniformly distributed thermal source, comprises hydraulic pressure hold-down support, hydraulic drive bar, lifting arm, switch board and dolly; Hydraulic pressure hold-down support, switch board are installed on dolly, and lifting arm is inserted in hydraulic pressure hold-down support, and hydraulic pressure hold-down support base connects hydraulic pressure drive link, and hydraulic drive bar connects switch board;
Also comprise clamper, lower gripper, top electrode transverse arm, bottom electrode transverse arm and two-layer equation graphite electrode pair.
The right internal layer graphite electrode of described two-layer equation graphite electrode is solid column, and outer graphite electrode is hollow tubular, and two electrode co-axially aligns insert in the liquid pre-melted slag in rising head case.
Described top electrode transverse arm, bottom electrode transverse arm are connected on lifting arm, and top electrode transverse arm, bottom electrode transverse arm are connected with switch board.
Described internal layer graphite electrode is clamped by upper clamper, and upper clamper is connected on top electrode transverse arm.
Described outer graphite electrode is clamped by lower gripper, and lower gripper is connected on bottom electrode transverse arm.
Between described top electrode transverse arm and lifting arm, all have high-temperature insulation pad between bottom electrode transverse arm and lifting arm.
Described internal layer graphite electrode cross-sectional area is 0.3 ~ 0.4 with the ratio of rising head case upper surface cross-sectional area.
Described internal layer graphite electrode cross-sectional area equals outer graphite electrode cross-sectional area.
The difference of described internal layer graphite electrode radius and outer graphite electrode inside radius is 10% ~ 20% of internal layer graphite electrode radius.
The insertion depth of described internal layer graphite electrode in liquid pre-melted slag is identical with the insertion depth of outer graphite electrode in liquid pre-melted slag, is 20mm ~ 50mm.
Utilize the described large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing ejection device that is uniformly distributed thermal source to carry out the method on large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing top, comprise the steps:
Step 1: thick according to ingot solidification manufacturing process determination quaternary pre-melted slag composition and slag, useization slag hearth slag;
Step 2: the ratio according to rising head case upper surface diameter and internal layer graphite electrode cross-sectional area with rising head case upper surface cross-sectional area, determine the size of internal layer graphite electrode radius and heating current;
Step 3: poor according to internal layer graphite electrode radius and internal layer graphite electrode radius and outer graphite electrode inside radius, equal the principle of outer graphite electrode cross-sectional area according to internal layer graphite electrode cross-sectional area, determine the interior outer radius of outer graphite electrode;
Step 4: after pouring molten steel completes, liquid pre-melted slag is poured in rising head case;
Step 5: travelling car, by mould, is connected switch board power supply, regulates lifting arm height, and internal layer graphite electrode, outer graphite electrode are inserted to liquid pre-melted slag certain depth, regulates heating current size;
Step 6: heating current enters top electrode transverse arm by cable, in process, clamper flows into internal layer graphite electrode, then through liquid pre-melted slag, flows out from outer graphite electrode, enters bottom electrode transverse arm through lower gripper, finally flows back to cable and forms loop;
Step 7: after ingot solidification finishes, raise lifting arm, extract internal layer graphite electrode, outer graphite electrode, closing control cabinet power supply;
Step 8: the heat-sealing of steel ingot electroslag has been pushed up, and carries out lifting and the demoulding work of steel ingot.
Described quaternary pre-melted slag composition is CaF2、Al2O3, CaO and MgO, by weight, CaF2Account for 25 ~ 35%, Al2O3Accounting for 30 ~ 45%, CaO accounts for 10 ~ 20%, MgO and accounts for 10 ~ 20%.
The slag of described liquid pre-melted slag is thick is 100 ~ 200mm.
Described electroslag heating is used single-phase alternating current, and supply frequency is 50Hz, determines heating current size according to rising head case size, and in the time that rising head case upper surface diameter is less than 1800mm, electric current is 2000A; In the time that rising head case upper surface diameter is 1801 ~ 2300mm, electric current is 2500A; In the time that rising head case upper surface diameter is 2301 ~ 3000mm, electric current is 3000A; In the time that rising head case upper surface diameter is greater than 3000mm, electric current is 4000A.
Beneficial effect:
(1) save metal, improve recovery rate of iron. Because the contraction that makes steel ingot or foundry goods in process of setting is constantly supplemented, eliminate center porosity and shrinkage cavity defect, reduce percent defective. Owing to having ensured rising head final set, can reduce the volume of rising head simultaneously, reduce metal consumption. The turbine blade that the 9t that for example casts is heavy, adopts the hot capping technology of electroslag can make riser metal utilization rate improve 25%.
(2) improve the uniformity of steel ingot chemical composition and the degree of purity of steel. Because steel ingot top exists thermal source, avoid " crystallization rain " phenomenon of occurring in common During Ingot Solidification, eliminate the negative segregation cone of steel ingot bottom. Sync enrichment flows and contacts with the high temperature slag bath at steel ingot top with molten metal to the non-metallic inclusion at steel ingot center, react and enter slag bath, from and reduced the non-metallic inclusion steel ingot.
(3) improved the curing condition at steel ingot center. Because steel ingot top exists high temperature heat source, simultaneously the metal drop of consumable electrode is also from top to bottom to the liquid heat transfer in steel ingot, and the hot state while having changed ingot solidification, makes steel ingot realize directional solidification from top to bottom. The change of hot state has also affected the crystallization rate of metal and the thermograde of solidification front in addition, makes it crystallite dimension compared with common steel ingot and reduces, solidified structure densification. By changing the technological parameter on electroslag heat-sealing top, control the input power to steel ingot, can change the crystal habit of metal, obtain needed solidified structure.
(4) efficiency of heating surface is high, and heating effect is good. Electroslag heating belongs to resistance heated, heat major part passes to molten steel by liquid pre-melted slag, heat loss is few, and the thermal efficiency can reach more than 90%, and adopts inner prop outer coaxial tube formula bipolar series electrode, slag temperature is more evenly distributed, electric current flows into from internal layer chimney rock electrode ink, through liquid pre-melted slag, flows out from outer tubulose graphite electrode, slag temperature distributes more even, and heating effect is good.
(5) improve rising head molten steel utilization rate. Utilize after electroslag heating, riser head heat-preserving ability improves, and therefore, in process of setting, Feeding channel keeps clear always, has improved ingot solidification condition, has improved ingot quality, and rising head molten steel utilization rate can promote more than 20%, has improved recovery rate of iron.
(6) improve steel ingot utilization rate. After ingot steel casting completes, adopt electroslag heating can set up rapidly positive thermograde, effectively suppress possibility, the especially negative segregation of steel ingot bottom that segregation occurs, ingot butt excision amount is reduced, improve the utilization rate of steel ingot.
(7) adopt bipolar series, have loop of one's own, device structure is simple, easily operation. Circuit, thermometric and the control appliance of electroslag heat-sealing ejection device of the present invention are all integrated on dolly, and convenient transportation is simple to operate, are applicable to the riser heating of Different Weight steel ingot.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing ejection device schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention is uniformly distributed thermal source, wherein, and 1-internal layer graphite electrode; The upper clamper of 2-; 3-lower gripper; The outer graphite electrode of 4-; 5-rising head case; 6-mould; 7-base; 8-top electrode transverse arm; 9-bottom electrode transverse arm; 10-high-temperature insulation pad; 11-lifting arm; 12-hydraulic pressure hold-down support; 13-hydraulic drive bar; 14-cable; 15-switch board; 16-dolly.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, specific embodiment of the invention is elaborated.
Embodiment 1
A large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing ejection device that is uniformly distributed thermal source, as shown in Figure 1, comprises hydraulic pressure hold-down support 12, hydraulic drive bar 13, lifting arm 11, switch board 15 and dolly 16; Hydraulic pressure hold-down support 12, switch board 15 are installed on dolly 16, and lifting arm 11 is inserted in hydraulic pressure hold-down support 12, and hydraulic pressure hold-down support base 12 connects hydraulic pressure drive link 13, and hydraulic drive bar 13 connects switch board 15;
Also comprise clamper 2, lower gripper 3, top electrode transverse arm 8, bottom electrode transverse arm 9 and two-layer equation graphite electrode pair;
The right internal layer graphite electrode 1 of two-layer equation graphite electrode is solid column, and outer graphite electrode 4 is hollow tubular, and two electrode co-axially aligns insert in the liquid pre-melted slag in rising head case 5; Rising head case 5 is positioned at the top of mould 6, and mould 6 is arranged on base 7.
Top electrode transverse arm 8, bottom electrode transverse arm 9 are connected on lifting arm 11, and top electrode transverse arm 8, bottom electrode transverse arm 9 are connected with switch board 15 by cable 14;
Internal layer graphite electrode 1 is clamped by upper clamper 2, and upper clamper 2 is connected on top electrode transverse arm 8;
Outer graphite electrode 4 is clamped by lower gripper 3, and lower gripper 3 is connected on bottom electrode transverse arm 9.
Between top electrode transverse arm 8 and lifting arm 11, all have high-temperature insulation pad 10 between bottom electrode transverse arm 9 and lifting arm 11.
Internal layer graphite electrode 1 cross-sectional area is 0.3 ~ 0.4 with the ratio of rising head case 5 upper surface cross-sectional areas.
Internal layer graphite electrode 1 cross-sectional area equals outer graphite electrode 4 cross-sectional areas.
The difference of internal layer graphite electrode 1 radius and outer graphite electrode 4 inside radius is 10% ~ 20% of internal layer graphite electrode 1 radius.
The insertion depth of internal layer graphite electrode 1 in liquid pre-melted slag is identical with the insertion depth of outer graphite electrode 4 in liquid pre-melted slag, is 20mm ~ 50mm.
The present embodiment is produced the large steel ingot of 140 tons, and material is 0Cr13Ni4Mo stainless steel, and filling time is 26 minutes, 1550 DEG C of pouring temperatures. Steel ingot rising head case weight is 14 tons, and rising head case upper surface diameter is 1400mm, and lower surface diameter is 1550mm, and rising head case height is 400mm.
The large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing ejection device that utilization is uniformly distributed thermal source carries out the method that the heat-sealing of large-scale steel ingot electroslag is pushed up, and comprises the steps:
Step 1: thick according to ingot solidification manufacturing process determination quaternary pre-melted slag composition and slag, useization slag hearth slag;
By weight, pre-melted slag composition is CaF2Account for 31%, Al2O3Accounting for 40%, CaO accounts for 16%, MgO and accounts for 13%, the thick 130mm of slag;
Step 2: the ratio 0.3 according to rising head case upper surface diameter and internal layer graphite electrode cross-sectional area with rising head case upper surface cross-sectional area, determine the big or small 2000A of internal layer graphite electrode radius 383mm and heating current;
Step 3: poor according to internal layer graphite electrode radius and internal layer graphite electrode radius and outer graphite electrode inside radius, it is 10% of internal layer graphite electrode radius, for 38.3mm, outer graphite electrode inside radius is 421.3mm, equal the principle of outer graphite electrode cross-sectional area according to internal layer graphite electrode cross-sectional area, determine that the interior outer radius of outer graphite electrode is about 569mm;
Step 4: after pouring molten steel completes, liquid pre-melted slag is poured in rising head case;
Step 5: travelling car, by mould, is connected switch board power supply, regulates lifting arm height, and it is 25mm that internal layer graphite electrode, outer graphite electrode are inserted to the liquid pre-melted slag degree of depth, regulates heating current size to 2000A;
Step 6: heating current enters top electrode transverse arm by cable, in process, clamper flows into internal layer graphite electrode, then through liquid pre-melted slag, flows out from outer graphite electrode, enters bottom electrode transverse arm through lower gripper, finally flows back to cable and forms loop;
Step 7: after ingot solidification finishes, raise lifting arm, extract internal layer graphite electrode, outer graphite electrode, closing control cabinet power supply;
Step 8: the heat-sealing of steel ingot electroslag has been pushed up, and carries out lifting and the demoulding work of steel ingot.
Embodiment 2
A large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing ejection device that is uniformly distributed thermal source, as shown in Figure 1, comprises hydraulic pressure hold-down support 12, hydraulic drive bar 13, lifting arm 11, switch board 15 and dolly 16; Hydraulic pressure hold-down support 12, switch board 15 are installed on dolly 16, and lifting arm 11 is inserted in hydraulic pressure hold-down support 12, and hydraulic pressure hold-down support base 12 connects hydraulic pressure drive link 13, and hydraulic drive bar 13 connects switch board 15;
Also comprise clamper 2, lower gripper 3, top electrode transverse arm 8, bottom electrode transverse arm 9 and two-layer equation graphite electrode pair;
The right internal layer graphite electrode 1 of two-layer equation graphite electrode is solid column, and outer graphite electrode 4 is hollow tubular, and two electrode co-axially aligns insert in the liquid pre-melted slag in rising head case 5; Rising head case 5 is positioned at the top of mould 6, and mould 6 is arranged on base 7.
Top electrode transverse arm 8, bottom electrode transverse arm 9 are connected on lifting arm 11, and top electrode transverse arm 8, bottom electrode transverse arm 9 are connected with switch board 15 by cable 14;
Internal layer graphite electrode 1 is clamped by upper clamper 2, and upper clamper 2 is connected on top electrode transverse arm 8;
Outer graphite electrode 4 is clamped by lower gripper 3, and lower gripper 3 is connected on bottom electrode transverse arm 9.
Between top electrode transverse arm 8 and lifting arm 11, all have high-temperature insulation pad 10 between bottom electrode transverse arm 9 and lifting arm 11.
Internal layer graphite electrode 1 cross-sectional area is 0.3 ~ 0.4 with the ratio of rising head case 5 upper surface cross-sectional areas.
Internal layer graphite electrode 1 cross-sectional area equals outer graphite electrode 4 cross-sectional areas.
The difference of internal layer graphite electrode 1 radius and outer graphite electrode 4 inside radius is 10% ~ 20% of internal layer graphite electrode 1 radius.
The insertion depth of internal layer graphite electrode 1 in liquid pre-melted slag is identical with the insertion depth of outer graphite electrode 4 in liquid pre-melted slag, is 20mm ~ 50mm.
The present embodiment is produced the large steel ingot of 200 tons, and material is 42CrMo, and filling time is 40 minutes, 1560 DEG C of pouring temperatures. Steel ingot rising head case weight is 18 tons, and rising head case upper surface diameter is 1900mm, and lower surface diameter is 2100mm, and rising head case height is 600mm.
The large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing ejection device that utilization is uniformly distributed thermal source carries out the method that the heat-sealing of large-scale steel ingot electroslag is pushed up, and comprises the steps:
Step 1: thick according to ingot solidification manufacturing process determination quaternary pre-melted slag composition and slag, useization slag hearth slag;
By weight, pre-melted slag composition is CaF2Account for 31%, Al2O3Accounting for 40%, CaO accounts for 16%, MgO and accounts for 13%, the thick 142mm of slag;
Step 2: the ratio 0.35 according to rising head case upper surface diameter and internal layer graphite electrode cross-sectional area with rising head case upper surface cross-sectional area, determine the big or small 2500A of internal layer graphite electrode radius 562mm and heating current;
Step 3: poor according to internal layer graphite electrode radius and internal layer graphite electrode radius and outer graphite electrode inside radius, it is 15% of internal layer graphite electrode radius, for 84.3mm, outer graphite electrode inside radius is 646.3mm, equal the principle of outer graphite electrode cross-sectional area according to internal layer graphite electrode cross-sectional area, determine that the interior outer radius of outer graphite electrode is about 856mm;
Step 4: after pouring molten steel completes, liquid pre-melted slag is poured in rising head case;
Step 5: travelling car, by mould, is connected switch board power supply, regulates lifting arm height, and it is 35mm that internal layer graphite electrode, outer graphite electrode are inserted to the liquid pre-melted slag degree of depth, regulates heating current size to 2500A;
Step 6: heating current enters top electrode transverse arm by cable, in process, clamper flows into internal layer graphite electrode, then through liquid pre-melted slag, flows out from outer graphite electrode, enters bottom electrode transverse arm through lower gripper, finally flows back to cable and forms loop;
Step 7: after ingot solidification finishes, raise lifting arm, extract internal layer graphite electrode, outer graphite electrode, closing control cabinet power supply;
Step 8: the heat-sealing of steel ingot electroslag has been pushed up, and carries out lifting and the demoulding work of steel ingot.
Embodiment 3
A large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing ejection device that is uniformly distributed thermal source, as shown in Figure 1, comprises hydraulic pressure hold-down support 12, hydraulic drive bar 13, lifting arm 11, switch board 15 and dolly 16; Hydraulic pressure hold-down support 12, switch board 15 are installed on dolly 16, and lifting arm 11 is inserted in hydraulic pressure hold-down support 12, and hydraulic pressure hold-down support base 12 connects hydraulic pressure drive link 13, and hydraulic drive bar 13 connects switch board 15;
Also comprise clamper 2, lower gripper 3, top electrode transverse arm 8, bottom electrode transverse arm 9 and two-layer equation graphite electrode pair;
The right internal layer graphite electrode 1 of two-layer equation graphite electrode is solid column, and outer graphite electrode 4 is hollow tubular, and two electrode co-axially aligns insert in the liquid pre-melted slag in rising head case 5; Rising head case 5 is positioned at the top of mould 6, and mould 6 is arranged on base 7.
Top electrode transverse arm 8, bottom electrode transverse arm 9 are connected on lifting arm 11, and top electrode transverse arm 8, bottom electrode transverse arm 9 are connected with switch board 15 by cable 14;
Internal layer graphite electrode 1 is clamped by upper clamper 2, and upper clamper 2 is connected on top electrode transverse arm 8;
Outer graphite electrode 4 is clamped by lower gripper 3, and lower gripper 3 is connected on bottom electrode transverse arm 9.
Between top electrode transverse arm 8 and lifting arm 11, all have high-temperature insulation pad 10 between bottom electrode transverse arm 9 and lifting arm 11.
Internal layer graphite electrode 1 cross-sectional area is 0.3 ~ 0.4 with the ratio of rising head case 5 upper surface cross-sectional areas.
Internal layer graphite electrode 1 cross-sectional area equals outer graphite electrode 4 cross-sectional areas.
The difference of internal layer graphite electrode 1 radius and outer graphite electrode 4 inside radius is 10% ~ 20% of internal layer graphite electrode 1 radius.
The insertion depth of internal layer graphite electrode 1 in liquid pre-melted slag is identical with the insertion depth of outer graphite electrode 4 in liquid pre-melted slag, is 20mm ~ 50mm.
The present embodiment is produced the large steel ingot of 220 tons, and material is 42CrMo, and filling time is 50 minutes, 1560 DEG C of pouring temperatures. Steel ingot rising head weight is 24 tons, and rising head upper surface diameter is 2500mm, and lower surface diameter is 2700mm, and riser height is 800mm. The large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing ejection device that utilization is uniformly distributed thermal source carries out the method that the heat-sealing of large-scale steel ingot electroslag is pushed up, and comprises the steps:
Step 1: thick according to ingot solidification manufacturing process determination quaternary pre-melted slag composition and slag, useization slag hearth slag;
By weight, pre-melted slag composition is CaF2Account for 26%, Al2O3Accounting for 45%, CaO accounts for 14%, MgO and accounts for 15%, the thick 160mm of slag;
Step 2: the ratio 0.35 according to rising head case upper surface diameter and internal layer graphite electrode cross-sectional area with rising head case upper surface cross-sectional area, determine the big or small 3000A of internal layer graphite electrode radius 739mm and heating current;
Step 3: poor according to internal layer graphite electrode radius and internal layer graphite electrode radius and outer graphite electrode inside radius, it is 15% of internal layer graphite electrode radius, for 110.85mm, outer graphite electrode inside radius is 849.85mm, equal the principle of outer graphite electrode cross-sectional area according to internal layer graphite electrode cross-sectional area, determine that the interior outer radius of outer graphite electrode is about 1126mm;
Step 4: after pouring molten steel completes, liquid pre-melted slag is poured in rising head case;
Step 5: travelling car, by mould, is connected switch board power supply, regulates lifting arm height, and it is 40mm that internal layer graphite electrode, outer graphite electrode are inserted to the liquid pre-melted slag degree of depth, regulates heating current size to 3000A;
Step 6: heating current enters top electrode transverse arm by cable, in process, clamper flows into internal layer graphite electrode, then through liquid pre-melted slag, flows out from outer graphite electrode, enters bottom electrode transverse arm through lower gripper, finally flows back to cable and forms loop;
Step 7: after ingot solidification finishes, raise lifting arm, extract internal layer graphite electrode, outer graphite electrode, closing control cabinet power supply;
Step 8: the heat-sealing of steel ingot electroslag has been pushed up, and carries out lifting and the demoulding work of steel ingot.
Embodiment 4
A large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing ejection device that is uniformly distributed thermal source, as shown in Figure 1, comprises hydraulic pressure hold-down support 12, hydraulic drive bar 13, lifting arm 11, switch board 15 and dolly 16; Hydraulic pressure hold-down support 12, switch board 15 are installed on dolly 16, and lifting arm 11 is inserted in hydraulic pressure hold-down support 12, and hydraulic pressure hold-down support base 12 connects hydraulic pressure drive link 13, and hydraulic drive bar 13 connects switch board 15;
Also comprise clamper 2, lower gripper 3, top electrode transverse arm 8, bottom electrode transverse arm 9 and two-layer equation graphite electrode pair;
The right internal layer graphite electrode 1 of two-layer equation graphite electrode is solid column, and outer graphite electrode 4 is hollow tubular, and two electrode co-axially aligns insert in the liquid pre-melted slag in rising head case 5; Rising head case 5 is positioned at the top of mould 6, and mould 6 is arranged on base 7.
Top electrode transverse arm 8, bottom electrode transverse arm 9 are connected on lifting arm 11, and top electrode transverse arm 8, bottom electrode transverse arm 9 are connected with switch board 15 by cable 14;
Internal layer graphite electrode 1 is clamped by upper clamper 2, and upper clamper 2 is connected on top electrode transverse arm 8;
Outer graphite electrode 4 is clamped by lower gripper 3, and lower gripper 3 is connected on bottom electrode transverse arm 9.
Between top electrode transverse arm 8 and lifting arm 11, all have high-temperature insulation pad 10 between bottom electrode transverse arm 9 and lifting arm 11.
Internal layer graphite electrode 1 cross-sectional area is 0.3 ~ 0.4 with the ratio of rising head case 5 upper surface cross-sectional areas.
Internal layer graphite electrode 1 cross-sectional area equals outer graphite electrode 4 cross-sectional areas.
The difference of internal layer graphite electrode 1 radius and outer graphite electrode 4 inside radius is 10% ~ 20% of internal layer graphite electrode 1 radius.
The insertion depth of internal layer graphite electrode 1 in liquid pre-melted slag is identical with the insertion depth of outer graphite electrode 4 in liquid pre-melted slag, is 20mm ~ 50mm.
The present embodiment is produced the large steel ingot of 300 tons, and material is 40Cr4, and filling time is 50 minutes, 1560 DEG C of pouring temperatures. Steel ingot rising head case weight is 38 tons, and rising head case upper surface diameter is 3200mm, and lower surface diameter is 3500mm, and rising head case height is 1000mm.
The large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing ejection device that utilization is uniformly distributed thermal source carries out the method that the heat-sealing of large-scale steel ingot electroslag is pushed up, and comprises the steps:
Step 1: thick according to ingot solidification manufacturing process determination quaternary pre-melted slag composition and slag, useization slag hearth slag;
By weight, pre-melted slag composition is CaF2Account for 35%, Al2O3Accounting for 43%, CaO accounts for 12%, MgO and accounts for 10%, the thick 180mm of slag;
Step 2: the ratio 0.4 according to rising head case upper surface diameter and internal layer graphite electrode cross-sectional area with rising head case upper surface cross-sectional area, determine the big or small 4000A of internal layer graphite electrode radius 1012mm and heating current;
Step 3: poor according to internal layer graphite electrode radius and internal layer graphite electrode radius and outer graphite electrode inside radius, it is 20% of internal layer graphite electrode radius, for 202.4mm, outer graphite electrode inside radius is 1214.4mm, equal the principle of outer graphite electrode cross-sectional area according to internal layer graphite electrode cross-sectional area, determine that the interior outer radius of outer graphite electrode is about 1581mm;
Step 4: after pouring molten steel completes, liquid pre-melted slag is poured in rising head case;
Step 5: travelling car, by mould, is connected switch board power supply, regulates lifting arm height, and it is 50mm that internal layer graphite electrode, outer graphite electrode are inserted to the liquid pre-melted slag degree of depth, regulates heating current size to 4000A;
Step 6: heating current enters top electrode transverse arm by cable, in process, clamper flows into internal layer graphite electrode, then through liquid pre-melted slag, flows out from outer graphite electrode, enters bottom electrode transverse arm through lower gripper, finally flows back to cable and forms loop;
Step 7: after ingot solidification finishes, raise lifting arm, extract internal layer graphite electrode, outer graphite electrode, closing control cabinet power supply;
Step 8: the heat-sealing of steel ingot electroslag has been pushed up, and carries out lifting and the demoulding work of steel ingot.
Claims (10)
1. a large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing ejection device that is uniformly distributed thermal source, comprises hydraulic pressure hold-down support, hydraulic drive bar, lifting arm, switch board and dolly; Hydraulic pressure hold-down support, switch board are installed on dolly, and lifting arm is inserted in hydraulic pressure hold-down support, and hydraulic pressure hold-down support base connects hydraulic pressure drive link, and hydraulic drive bar connects switch board;
It is characterized in that, also comprise clamper, lower gripper, top electrode transverse arm, bottom electrode transverse arm and two-layer equation graphite electrode pair;
The right internal layer graphite electrode of described two-layer equation graphite electrode is solid column, and outer graphite electrode is hollow tubular, and two electrode co-axially aligns insert in the liquid pre-melted slag in rising head case;
Described top electrode transverse arm, bottom electrode transverse arm are connected on lifting arm, and top electrode transverse arm, bottom electrode transverse arm are connected with switch board;
Described internal layer graphite electrode is clamped by upper clamper, and upper clamper is connected on top electrode transverse arm;
Described outer graphite electrode is clamped by lower gripper, and lower gripper is connected on bottom electrode transverse arm.
2. the large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing ejection device that is uniformly distributed thermal source according to claim 1, is characterized in that, between described top electrode transverse arm and lifting arm, all have high-temperature insulation pad between bottom electrode transverse arm and lifting arm.
3. the large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing ejection device that is uniformly distributed thermal source according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described internal layer graphite electrode cross-sectional area is 0.3 ~ 0.4 with the ratio of rising head case upper surface cross-sectional area.
4. the large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing ejection device that is uniformly distributed thermal source according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described internal layer graphite electrode cross-sectional area equals outer graphite electrode cross-sectional area.
5. the large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing ejection device that is uniformly distributed thermal source according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the difference of the radius of described internal layer graphite electrode and the inside radius of outer graphite electrode is 10% ~ 20% of internal layer graphite electrode radius.
6. the large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing ejection device that is uniformly distributed thermal source according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the insertion depth of described internal layer graphite electrode in liquid pre-melted slag is identical with the insertion depth of outer graphite electrode in liquid pre-melted slag, is 20mm ~ 50mm.
7. utilize the large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing ejection device that is uniformly distributed thermal source described in claim 1 to carry out the method on large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing top, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
Step 1: thick according to ingot solidification manufacturing process determination quaternary pre-melted slag composition and slag, useization slag hearth slag;
Step 2: the ratio according to rising head case upper surface diameter and internal layer graphite electrode cross-sectional area with rising head case upper surface cross-sectional area, determine the size of internal layer graphite electrode radius and heating current;
Step 3: poor according to internal layer graphite electrode radius and internal layer graphite electrode radius and outer graphite electrode inside radius, equal the principle of outer graphite electrode cross-sectional area according to internal layer graphite electrode cross-sectional area, determine the interior outer radius of outer graphite electrode;
Step 4: after pouring molten steel completes, liquid pre-melted slag is poured in rising head case;
Step 5: travelling car, by mould, is connected switch board power supply, regulates lifting arm height, and internal layer graphite electrode, outer graphite electrode are inserted to liquid pre-melted slag certain depth, regulates heating current size;
Step 6: heating current enters top electrode transverse arm by cable, in process, clamper flows into internal layer graphite electrode, then through liquid pre-melted slag, flows out from outer graphite electrode, enters bottom electrode transverse arm through lower gripper, finally flows back to cable and forms loop;
Step 7: after ingot solidification finishes, raise lifting arm, extract internal layer graphite electrode, outer graphite electrode, closing control cabinet power supply;
Step 8: the heat-sealing of steel ingot electroslag has been pushed up, and carries out lifting and the demoulding work of steel ingot.
8. the method on large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing according to claim 7 top, is characterized in that, described quaternary pre-melted slag composition is CaF2、Al2O3, CaO and MgO, by weight, CaF2Account for 25 ~ 35%, Al2O3Accounting for 30 ~ 45%, CaO accounts for 10 ~ 20%, MgO and accounts for 10 ~ 20%.
9. the method on large-scale steel ingot electroslag according to claim 7 heat-sealing top, is characterized in that, the slag of described liquid pre-melted slag is thick is 100 ~ 200mm.
10. the method on large-scale steel ingot electroslag heat-sealing according to claim 7 top, is characterized in that, described electroslag heating is used single-phase alternating current, supply frequency is 50Hz, determine heating current size according to rising head case size, in the time that rising head case upper surface diameter is less than 1800mm, electric current is 2000A; In the time that rising head case upper surface diameter is 1801 ~ 2300mm, electric current is 2500A; In the time that rising head case upper surface diameter is 2301 ~ 3000mm, electric current is 3000A; In the time that rising head case upper surface diameter is greater than 3000mm, electric current is 4000A.
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| CN109047685B (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2020-06-02 | 乌克兰国家科学院E.O.巴顿电焊接研究所 | Method for preparing steel ingot |
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| CN111673056B (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2021-12-17 | 安徽工业大学 | Electroslag feeding method for improving crystallization quality of large steel ingot |
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| CN2095383U (en) * | 1991-07-12 | 1992-02-05 | 冶金工业部钢铁研究总院 | AC and DC power supply series electroslag furnace |
| US6113666A (en) * | 1998-08-11 | 2000-09-05 | Jaroslav Yurievich Kompan | Method of magnetically-controllable, electroslag melting of titanium and titanium-based alloys, and apparatus for carrying out same |
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