A kind of flue gas demercuration adsorbent renovation process
Technical field
The invention belongs to gas pollutant and administer field, particularly coal burning heavy metal in flue gas is as the absorption of mercury, relates to a kind of renovation process of fume mercury absorbent, especially the renovation process of composite metal oxide mercury absorbent.
Background technology
Coal is as the most important energy of whole industry, and the pollutant that coal combustion produces is except SO, NO
xand CO
2outward, also have the mercury of various form, a large amount of mercury is released in air and causes direct or potential harm to human health.The mass fraction mean value of the Mercury in Coal of China is 0.22mg/kg.Due to a large amount of burnings of coal, the mercury total amount of overflowing from fire coal every year reaches more than 1590t, accounts for global 50%.In burning of coal process, the mercury vapour in coal is turned to gaseous mercury (Hg by high temperature
0), along with the cooling of burning gases and gaseous mercury and other comburant effects, create oxidation state mercury (Hg
2+) and particulate Hg (Hg
p), these three kinds of mercury are collectively referred to as total mercury.
Thermal Power Generation Industry has become the emphasis that mercury pollution controls at present.National environmental protection portion has done coal-burning power plant's Mercury In The Air emission control work and has clearly arranged, coal-burning power plant's Mercury In The Air prevention and cure of pollution work is included in " 12 " planning, respectively the east of China, in, west area and the different coal-producing area select several Thermal Power Enterprises with typical representative to carry out pilot work, this indicates that China's mercury pollution controls progressively to bring into schedule.The discharge of mercury, by " fossil-fuel power plant atmospheric pollutant emission standard " of enforcement in 1 day January in 2014, is clearly limited to 0.03mg/m by China
3.But the essential information of current China mercury emissions is quite deficient, and Treatment process is backwardness comparatively.
How to improve flue gas demercuration ability, realize the focus that the feasible flue gas demercuration of economical and efficient becomes current research, demercuration technology main at present both at home and abroad comprises: pollutant catabolic gene equipment demercuration, coal additive demercuration, adsorbent demercuration, a few class of oxidation demercuration.
Utilize existing pollutant catabolic gene device demercuration, be mainly improved appropriately common dust arrester, wet desulphurization device, SCR denitration device, its investment is less, implements simple, but only can remove Hg
0, cannot Hg be removed
2+, total demercuration efficiency is lower; Coal additive demercuration can the efficient oxidation Hg
0, efficiency is higher, and operating cost is lower, but the problem that the post-processed that there is additive is comparatively complicated; Adsorbent demercuration efficiency is higher, scrap build and run simple, but it is higher to there is operating cost, affect the post-processed utilization of flying dust; Oxidation demercuration utilizes oxidizing Hg
0, its demercuration efficiency is higher, and equipment runs simple, but there is the etching problem of oxidant for equipment.Utilizing at present and improving the collaborative demercuration of existing dedusting equipment is both economical way, but along with the requirement of environmental regulation more and more higher, adsorbent demercuration and oxidation demercuration are only following developing direction.
The subject matter of adsorbent demercuration technology is the process of the higher and mercurous solid waste of adsorbent cost.Therefore numerous scholar is devoted to the mercury absorbent studying Cheap highly effective, but still cannot solve the problem of mercurous solid waste process, therefore developing recuperable mercury absorbent is the effective way addressed this problem, the mercury on adsorbent can be reclaimed on the one hand, avoid its contaminated environment, the renewable use of adsorbent can reduce disposal cost further on the other hand.
Current correlative study both domestic and external relates generally to the improvement of mercury absorbent and preparation method thereof, the regeneration of shorter mention mercury absorbent.In fact, the physical absorption occurred due to mercury absorbent and chemisorbed, have part to be gaseous mercury (Hg by the mercury adsorbed
0) and particulate Hg (Hg
p), these two kinds of components are difficult to further process in adsorbent, therefore cause the inactivation gradually of mercury absorbent, and the mercury in the mercury absorbent of inactivation is dealt with improperly and can be caused new secondary pollution.
CN202942787U proposes a kind of pollutant removing process/switchable flue gas purification system of adsorbent reactivation technique, and described system comprises: two or more fixed bed reactors; For the regeneration heating device of adsorbent reactivation; The gas fume valve to be clean switched for control polluted articles removing process/adsorbent reactivation technique and neat stress valve; Be provided with in described fixed bed reactors: a central tube be connected with gas approach; Be arranged at the first adsorption layer for gas cleaning outside central tube and the second adsorption layer; Described central tube upper end is connected with exhanst gas outlet.Described system can carry out pollutant removing process in flue gas and adsorbent reactivation technique in fixed bed reactors, and can realize the switching between different fixed bed reactors between pollutant removing process and adsorbent reactivation technique.
CN203140020U relates to the hot recycling device of a kind of active carbocoal flue gas desulfurization and denitrification agent, comprise hot-blast stove, circulating pump, air cooler, hot recycling stove and screening plant, described hot recycling stove is divided into feed zone, bringing-up section, cooling section and discharge zone from top to bottom, adsorb saturated active carbocoal flue gas desulfurization and denitrification agent self-heating regenerating furnace top to add, and slowly move down, the O after the gaseous mixture that oven gas generates after Combustion of Hot Air Furnace, pressure-variable adsorption are separated
2pass into from the bottom of hot recycling stove bringing-up section with after water vapour mixing, it is swept blow with the semicoke flue gas desulfurization and denitrification agent heat exchange moved down, heating and the semicoke after purging are discharged from discharge zone after cooling section cooling, more finally complete the hot recycling of inactivation semicoke flue gas desulfurization and denitrification agent through screening plant; After regenerative response, gas is discharged from the top of hot recycling stove bringing-up section, utilizes after air cooler air cooling through circulating pump and hot-blast stove closed cycle again.
Summary of the invention
The invention discloses a kind of renovation process of compound demercuration adsorbent, comprise the following steps: a) inactivation adsorbent hydrogen peroxide solution washs, remove the impurity such as the flying dust of adsorbent surface, and the mercury simple substance that adsorbent surface adsorbs is converted into the mercury of oxidation state; B) by reacted adsorbent supercritical water treatment, the mercury of removing absorption; C) with the further treatment step b of sulfide solution) aqueous solution that obtains, obtain mercuric sulphide precipitation, and reclaim mercuric sulphide precipitation; D) adsorbent is impregnating active in the liquor ferri trichloridi of 1-3mol/L in concentration; E) dry roasting 1-3 hour, obtains reproducing adsorbent.
Adsorbent of the present invention can be absorbent charcoal based, composite metal oxide base solid oxidation adsorbent.Preferred adsorbent, its quality group becomes semicoke powder 20-30 part, ferric trichloride 5-10 part, cupric oxide 10-25 part, aluminium oxide 40--60 part, titanium dioxide 1-5 part.Preferred mass consists of semicoke powder 25-30 part, ferric trichloride 5-8 part, cupric oxide 10-12 part, boehmite 45-55 part, titanium dioxide 2-3 part.
The mass concentration of described hydrogen peroxide solution is 1-15%.
Described sulfide solution is the aqueous solution of dissolvable sulfide, and described dissolvable sulfide is one or more in vulcanized sodium, potassium sulfide, ammonium sulfide.The mass concentration of sulfide solution is 1-10%.
The invention also discloses the preparation method of described adsorbent composition, comprise the following steps: a) semi-coke powder is broken into 10-200 object particle, then ferric trichloride is mixed with the aqueous solution, semicoke powder floods 10-15h in liquor ferri trichloridi; B) by boehmite, TiO 2 precursor, cupric oxide presoma, according to mass fraction making beating mixing; C) the semicoke particle and the step b that then step a) are obtained) the slurries obtained fully mix aftershaping drying; D) dried particle is carried out roasting at 300-500 DEG C, after cooling, namely obtain described adsorbent.The addition of boehmite wherein calculates with aluminium oxide, and the addition of TiO 2 precursor and cupric oxide presoma is respectively in titanium dioxide and cupric oxide.
The invention discloses a kind of demercuration adsorbent composition of improvement, reacted by the cupric oxide in adsorbent and the sulfide in flue gas, sulfur oxide in a large amount of absorption flue gas, generate CuS, the CuS of high degree of dispersion has strong suction-operated for Elemental Mercury, the Elemental Mercury of absorption further in adsorbent ferric trichloride existence under, be catalyzedly oxidized to oxidation state mercury (Hg
2+), stay in adsorbent, thus reach the object of the stable removal of mercury.Semicoke itself has very large pore volume ratio and specific area, and can increase the foundation area of adsorbent and flue gas, itself also has certain adsorption capacity, can help adsorption and oxidation state mercury (Hg
2+), boehmite, as the carrier of adsorbent, well bonds each component in adsorbent, and helps adsorbent-shaping, and titanium dioxide, as catalyst aid, can help the carrying out of accelerating catalytic oxidation.In addition, because the mechanical strength of this adsorbent is better, micropore size is comparatively large, also has good recyclability, can reuse repeatedly.
In described adsorbent, the mass ratio of ferric trichloride and cupric oxide is 1:1-5, and preferred mass ratio is 1:2-3.
The shape of described adsorbent can be spherical, tabular, cellular, trilobes.
Described adsorbent can use in fixed bed, fluid bed.
Described adsorbent can also add uviol lamp in use in purifier, strengthens the oxidation desorption ability of adsorbent.
The concentration of described ferric chloride aqueous solutions is 1-5mol/L, preferred 3-4mol/L.
Described TiO 2 precursor is metatitanic acid amine or sodium titanate.
Described cupric oxide presoma is one or more in Kocide SD, copper nitrate or copper sulphate.
Inventor finds, ferric trichloride is carried on the larger semicoke particle in aperture, be conducive to the oxidation reaction speed improving mercury, what be conducive to raising mercury in flue gas removes chlorine, compared to the simple adsorbent that various component is simply mixed, adopt the adsorbent that separately prepared by load the removal efficiency of mercury can be brought up to more than 95% from 70%, this may be owing to creating synergy between each component of adsorbent, impelling demercuration efficiency to be greatly improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
Demercuration adsorbent 1a obtains inactivation adsorbent 1b after running 1000h;
Regenerate inactivation adsorbent 1b, the step of regeneration comprises: a) inactivation adsorbent mass concentration is the hydrogen peroxide solution washing of 10%; B) by reacted mercury absorbent supercritical water treatment, the mercury adsorbed is removed in eccysis; C) with the further treatment step b of sodium sulfide solution) aqueous solution that obtains, obtain mercuric sulphide precipitation, and reclaim mercuric sulphide precipitation; D) adsorbent is impregnating active in the ferric chloride solution of 1mol/L in concentration; E) dry roasting 1 hour, obtains reproducing adsorbent 1c.
Embodiment 2
Demercuration adsorbent 2a obtains inactivation adsorbent 2b after running 1000h;
Regenerate inactivation adsorbent 2b, the step of regeneration comprises: a) inactivation adsorbent mass concentration is the hydrogen peroxide solution washing of 10%; B) by reacted mercury absorbent supercritical water treatment, the mercury adsorbed is removed in eccysis; C) with the further treatment step b of potassium sulfide solution) aqueous solution that obtains, obtain mercuric sulphide precipitation, and reclaim mercuric sulphide precipitation; D) adsorbent is impregnating active in the ferric chloride solution of 3mol/L in concentration; E) dry roasting 3 hours, obtains reproducing adsorbent 2c.
Respectively to the adsorbent before inactivation, the adsorbent after inactivation, the adsorbent after regeneration is investigated, with mercurous steaming 0.03mg/m
3simulated flue gas verify, investigate the change of its mercury removal rate
|
Adsorbent 1a |
Embodiment 1b |
Adsorbent 1c |
Adsorbent 2a |
Adsorbent 2b |
Adsorbent 2c |
Mercury removal rate |
96 |
20 |
90 |
98 |
15 |
91 |
Can find out that the adsorbent after regeneration has well recovered adsorption activity from simulation adsorption experiment data, extend the service life of adsorbent.