CN104436867B - The preparation technology of the inorganic porous filter element of asymmetric sintering - Google Patents
The preparation technology of the inorganic porous filter element of asymmetric sintering Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation flow and obviously shorten, the preparation technology of the inorganic porous filter element of asymmetric sintering that can reduce production costs, its step comprises: 1) prepare carrier powder, be then pressed into the pre-molding base of definite shape with carrier powder; 2) prepare film powder, film powder is added and in dispersant solution, makes film liquid; 3) film liquid is attached to the surface of pre-molding base, the pre-molding base of coherent film liquid is carried out to sintering after suitably dry, make the preformed pressed compact after sintering form carrier, film liquid forms rete. Above-mentioned technique is not to make on the basis of carrier and carry out obtaining rete after overlay film and double sintering again at sintering in advance, but directly on pre-molding base, after overlay film sintering, obtain carrier and rete simultaneously, therefore sintering number is by original reducing to for twice once, greatly reduce the production costs such as energy consumption cost, cost of labor and depreciation of equipment, shorten the manufacturing cycle of the inorganic porous filter element of asymmetric sintering, enhanced productivity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to filter element, be specifically related to the inorganic porous filter element of sintering and preparation technology thereof.
Background technology
The inorganic porous filter element of sintering is generally divided into sintering metal porous filter elements and sintered ceramic porous filter elements two is largeClass. In addition, along with also having produced compounds between the sintering metal that has metal and ceramic premium properties separately concurrently, technological progress filtersElement and sintering metal ceramic-like filter element, the present invention is included into them sintering metal porous filter elements one class for the time being.
The inorganic porous filter element of above-mentioned these sintering is generally to prepare by powder metallurgic method. Become by ready powder pressingGiven shape (being mainly tubulose or sheet), and then make after sintering is also cooling. The filter element that this method makes substantiallyUpper is uniform porous body, and it exists contradiction aspect filtering accuracy and filtration and infiltration, and wherein the lifting of performance will on the one handCause the decline of performance on the other hand, so be not easy the level that reaches very good simultaneously.
Produce thus the inorganic porous filter element of asymmetric sintering. Its preparation is that to utilize similar approach first to make by sintering metal manyThe carrier that hole material or sintered ceramic porous material form, and then (film powder is added in dispersant at carrier surface coat film liquidMake), after this again the carrier of coat film liquid is carried out to double sintering, make film liquid form the porous material rete of very thin thickness. Wherein,By the isoparametric control of granularity to carrier powder and film powder, make the aperture of carrier obviously be greater than rete aperture, so just both protectedDemonstrate,prove filtering accuracy, improved again the permeability of filter element.
The problem of finding for the inorganic porous filter element of above-mentioned sintering at present has: for the inorganic porous filter element of asymmetric sintering,Being mainly (1) rete can come off from carrier, and adhesive force needs further to be strengthened between the two; (2) thickness of rete is not easyAccurately control, consistency of thickness is bad; (3) during for gas filtration, film surface (filtering surface) is easily assembled dust, causesCleaning cycle shortens; (4) complicated process of preparation of filter element, long flow path, production cost is higher. For common without reteWhen being mainly gas filtration, the inorganic porous filter element of sintering easily assembles dust on filtering surface.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention comprises: first provide one to contribute to improve adhesive force, film between rete and carrierLayer thickness is evenly controlled, and dust is difficult for the inorganic porous filter element of asymmetric sintering of assembling at film surface in the time of gas filtrationAnd the preparation technology of this filter element. Secondly, provide a kind of the asymmetric of adhesive force between rete and carrier that contribute to improveThe preparation technology of the inorganic porous filter element of sintering and this filter element. Have again, provide a kind of thicknesses of layers controlled, and at gasWhen body filters, dust is difficult for the inorganic porous filter element of asymmetric sintering of assembling at film surface. Further, also to provide a kind ofIn the time of gas filtration, dust is difficult for the inorganic porous filter element of sintering of assembling at filtering surface. Further, provide one to prepare streamCheng Mingxian shortens, the preparation technology of the inorganic porous filter element of asymmetric sintering that can reduce production costs.
For solving above-mentioned first technical problem, the inorganic porous filter element of asymmetric sintering comprises the sintering metal by larger apertureThe carrier that porous material or sintered ceramic porous material form and be attached on described carrier and many by the sintering metal of smaller aperture dueThe rete that hole material or sintered ceramic porous material form wherein, is the first throwing for adhering to the surface of this rete on described carrierLight face, the surface roughness of the first burnishing surface is Ra6.3～25 μ m; On described rete, be attached to the side on carrier with this reteThe opposite side surface (being filtering surface) of surface opposite is the second burnishing surface, the surface roughness of the second burnishing surface be Ra0.8～12.5 μ m. On carrier, before polishing not, be hair side for the surface of adhering to this rete, on it, be formed with oxide layer, cause coherent filmAfter layer, both adhesive force declines. Make to become the first burnishing surface for adhering to the surface of rete on carrier by polishing, except deoxidationLayer, can improve the adhesive force of carrier and rete thus. On carrier, form after rete, then film surface (being filtering surface) is enteredRow polishing forms the second burnishing surface, both thicknesses of layers is controlled, and can make again thicknesses of layers very even, in addition, also canWhile effectively preventing gas filtration, on the second burnishing surface, assemble dust. The surface roughness of the first burnishing surface should not be less than Ra6.3 μ m,Otherwise can make the average pore size that is distributed in the micropore on the first burnishing surface diminish, thereby the osmotic resistance that obviously improves carrier itself;The surface roughness of the first burnishing surface also should not be greater than Ra25 μ m, otherwise carrier surface is carried out to having little significance of polishing. Second throwsThe surface roughness of light face should not be less than Ra0.8 μ m, otherwise both can increase polishing difficulty, also can greatly increase oozing of rete simultaneouslyResistance thoroughly; The surface roughness of the second burnishing surface should not be less than Ra12.5 μ m, assembles effect otherwise reduce its dust protection.
In above-mentioned asymmetric sintering inorganic porous material filter element, the surface roughness of described the first burnishing surface is preferablyRa12.5～25 μ m; The surface roughness of the second burnishing surface is preferably Ra1.6～12.5 μ m. The surface roughness of the second burnishing surfaceAlso Ra3.2～6.3 μ m more preferably. When the surface roughness of the first burnishing surface is Ra12.5～25 μ m, both can ensureThe permeability that carrier itself is good, can ensure again the good adhesion between rete and carrier. The surface roughness of the second burnishing surface isRa3.2～6.3 μ m, being not only easy to processing, dust protection, to assemble effect good, and rete permeability is also very desirable.
In above-mentioned asymmetric sintering inorganic porous material filter element, the average thickness of described rete is preferably set to 0.1～0.6mm,Under the first burnishing surface and the second burnishing surface acting in conjunction, can make the deviation of its thickness be not more than ± 50 μ m. Now, due to reteVery thin thickness and consistent, has further promoted the strainability of asymmetric sintering inorganic porous material filter element.
In above-mentioned asymmetric sintering inorganic porous material filter element, described carrier and rete preferably have compatibility by same kindSintering metal porous material or sintered ceramic porous material form. For example, when carrier is cemented iron Al intermetallic porous materialTime, rete is all cemented iron Al intermetallic porous material or other and carrier and has the sintered iron base porous material of compatibility.Like this, can guarantee between carrier and rete not because material cause departs from.
Above-mentioned asymmetric sintering inorganic porous material filter element is generally tubulose, and described rete is positioned at the outer tube surface of this filter element.Certainly, filter element may be also sheet or other shapes; From filtering direction, rete may be positioned at filter element outside(being that thing to be filtered is from the outside of filter element to its self-filtering) also may be positioned at filter element inner side (is that thing to be filtered is from mistakeThe inside of filter element part is to its outside filtration).
The preparation technology's of above-mentioned asymmetric sintering inorganic porous material filter element step comprises: 1) prepare carrier, thenTo carrying out polishing to form the first burnishing surface for adhering to the surface of rete on carrier, the surface roughness of described the first burnishing surface isRa6.3～25 μ m; 2) prepare film liquid, then described film liquid is attached to carrier side, the carrier to coherent film liquid after being suitably driedCarry out sintering, make the film liquid after sintering form rete; 3) polishing is carried out to form the second burnishing surface, institute in the surface of described reteThe surface roughness of stating the second burnishing surface is Ra0.8～12.5 μ m.
For solving above-mentioned second technical problem, the inorganic porous filter element of asymmetric sintering comprises the sintering metal by larger apertureThe carrier that porous material or sintered ceramic porous material form and be attached on described carrier and many by the sintering metal of smaller aperture dueThe rete that hole material or sintered ceramic porous material form, wherein, is burnishing surface for adhering to the surface of this rete on described carrier,The surface roughness of this burnishing surface is Ra6.3～25 μ m. On carrier, before polishing not, be hair side for the surface of adhering to this rete,On it, be formed with oxide layer, cause adhering to both adhesive force after rete and decline. Make on carrier for adhering to rete by polishingSurface becomes burnishing surface, removes oxide layer, improves thus the adhesive force of carrier and rete. The surface roughness of this burnishing surface is unsuitableBe less than Ra6.3 μ m, otherwise can make the average pore size that is distributed in the micropore on burnishing surface diminish, thus the infiltration that obviously improves carrierResistance; The surface roughness of this burnishing surface also should not be greater than Ra25 μ m, otherwise carrier surface is carried out to having little significance of polishing.
In above-mentioned asymmetric sintering inorganic porous material filter element, the surface roughness of described burnishing surface be preferably Ra12.5～25 μ m. So both can ensure the permeability that carrier itself is good, can ensure again the good adhesion between rete and carrier.
The preparation technology of above-mentioned asymmetric sintering inorganic porous material filter element, its step comprises: 1) prepare carrier, soAfterwards on carrier for adhere to the surface of rete carry out polishing with form burnishing surface, the surface roughness of described burnishing surface be Ra6.3～25 μ m; 2) prepare film liquid, then described film liquid is attached to carrier surface, after being suitably dried, the carrier of coherent film liquid is burntKnot, makes the film liquid after sintering form rete.
For solving above-mentioned the 3rd technical problem, the inorganic porous filter element of asymmetric sintering comprises the sintering metal by larger apertureThe carrier that porous material or sintered ceramic porous material form and be attached on described carrier and many by the sintering metal of smaller aperture dueThe rete that hole material or sintered ceramic porous material form, wherein, described rete outer surface is burnishing surface, the surface of this burnishing surfaceRoughness is Ra0.8～12.5 μ m. The average thickness of described rete is preferably 0.1～0.6mm. On carrier, form after rete,Again film surface is carried out to polishing and form burnishing surface, both thicknesses of layers was controlled, also can effectively prevent gas filtration simultaneouslyTime on this burnishing surface, assemble dust. The surface roughness of described burnishing surface should not be less than Ra0.8 μ m, otherwise can increase polishing difficultyDegree, also can increase the osmotic resistance of rete greatly; The surface roughness of described burnishing surface should not be less than Ra12.5 μ m, otherwise willReduce dust protection and assemble effect.
In above-mentioned asymmetric sintering inorganic porous material filter element, the surface roughness of described burnishing surface be preferably Ra1.6～12.5 μ m. In addition also Ra3.2～6.3 μ m more preferably of the surface roughness of this burnishing surface. By thick the surface of burnishing surfaceRugosity is designed to Ra3.2～6.3 μ m, and being not only easy to processing, dust protection, to assemble effect good, and rete permeability is also very good.
In above-mentioned asymmetric sintering inorganic porous material filter element, described carrier and rete preferably have compatibility by same kindSintering metal porous material or sintered ceramic porous material form. For example, when carrier is sintered titanium Al intermetallic porous materialTime, rete is all sintered titanium Al intermetallic porous material or other and carrier and has the sintered titanium base porous material of compatibility.
Above-mentioned asymmetric sintering inorganic porous material filter element is generally tubulose, and described rete is positioned at the outer tube surface of this filter element.Certainly, filter element may be also sheet or other shapes; From filtering direction, rete may be positioned at filter element outside(being that thing to be filtered is from the outside of filter element to its self-filtering) also may be positioned at filter element inner side (is that thing to be filtered is from mistakeThe inside of filter element part is to its outside filtration).
For solving above-mentioned the 4th technical problem, the inorganic porous filter element of sintering comprises the mistake filter element being made up of sintered inorganic materialPart body, the surface of filter element body is filtering surface, wherein, described filtering surface is burnishing surface, the rough surface of this burnishing surfaceDegree is Ra3.2～25 μ m. When can effectively preventing gas filtration, described burnishing surface assembles dust on this burnishing surface. This burnishing surfaceSurface roughness should not be less than Ra3.2 μ m and (because this filtering surface has certain filtering accuracy requirement, therefore compare above-mentioned carrierThe first burnishing surface upper limit of having improved surface roughness require), otherwise the osmotic resistance of filtering surface is very large; The table of described burnishing surfaceSurface roughness should not be greater than Ra25 μ m, otherwise not obvious in the effect that prevents from assembling on burnishing surface dust.
In the inorganic porous filter element of above-mentioned sintering, the surface roughness of described burnishing surface is Ra6.3～12.5 μ m more preferably.Dust protection assembly effect is now good, and filtering surface is all more satisfactory with filtering accuracy and permeability. In addition, described filtrationComponent body is specifically made up of sintering metal porous material or sintered ceramic porous material.
In the inorganic porous filter element of above-mentioned sintering, filter element body is generally tubulose, and its filtering surface is positioned at this filter element bodyOuter tube surface. Certainly, filter element may be also sheet or other shapes; From filtering direction, filtering surface also may be positioned atFilter element inner side (being that thing to be filtered is from the inside of filter element to its outside filtration).
For ease of the outer tube surface of the inorganic porous filter element of above-mentioned tubulose sintering is carried out to polishing, specialized designs a kind of polissoir,Comprise: centerless external cylindrical polishing mechanism, this centerless external cylindrical polishing mechanism comprises polishing wheel, guide wheel and supporting plate; Outer dust box, nothingHeart excircle polishing mechanism is positioned in this outer dust box, on outer dust box, have the charging aperture corresponding with supporting plate entrance side andThe discharging opening corresponding with supporting plate outlet side; And dust exhaust apparatus, dust exhaust apparatus is connected with outer dust box by dust sucting pipeline.This polissoir not only can be realized fast polishing, and can prevent dust diffusion, prevents factory building environment pollution.
For solving above-mentioned the 5th technical problem, the preparation technology of the inorganic porous filter element of asymmetric sintering, described asymmetric burningTie inorganic porous filter element comprise the carrier that formed by sintering metal porous material or the sintered ceramic porous material of larger aperture withAnd be attached to the rete forming on described carrier and by sintering metal porous material or the sintered ceramic porous material of smaller aperture due, itsStep comprises: 1) prepare carrier powder, be then pressed into the pre-molding base of definite shape with carrier powder; 2) prepare film powder,Film powder is added and in dispersant solution, makes film liquid; 3) described film liquid is attached to the surface of pre-molding base, right after suitably dryThe pre-molding base of coherent film liquid carries out sintering, makes the preformed pressed compact after sintering form carrier, and film liquid forms rete. Above-mentioned workSkill is not to make on the basis of carrier and carry out obtaining rete after overlay film and double sintering again at sintering in advance, but directly in precompressedOn one-tenth parison, after overlay film sintering, obtain carrier and rete, therefore sintering number is by original reducing to for twice once, greatly simultaneouslyReduce the production costs such as energy consumption cost, cost of labor and depreciation of equipment, and shortened the inorganic porous filter element of crossing of asymmetric sinteringThe manufacturing cycle of part, has improved production efficiency.
Due to reasons such as rete are thinner, its desirable sintering time should be shorter than the sintering time of carrier. Therefore, above-mentioned new when adoptingAfter technique, owing to being once sintered, the sintering time of rete is identical with the sintering time of carrier, at this moment, if press the sintering of reteTime carries out sintering and will easily cause carrier sintering insufficient, affects the performances such as the intensity of filter element, and if the burning of pressing carrierThe knot time carries out sintering and will easily cause rete burning, so that film densification, the aperture that greatly reduces rete, thereby impactStrainability. For solving this contradiction, suggestion improves and carries out sintering by the sintering time of carrier the granularity of powder. Specifically, the granularity selection of carrier powder is-50 orders～+ 400 orders, the granularity selection of film powder be (1.5～3) × (400 orders～15 μ m), are undertaken after sintering by the sintering time of carrier, and the average pore size of described carrier is 20 μ m～100 μ m, the average hole of reteFootpath is 10 μ m～30 μ m, is applicable to carrying out gas filtration; The granularity selection of carrier powder is-200 orders～+ 400 orders, the grain of film powderDegree is chosen as that (1.5～3) × (3 μ m～15 μ m), are undertaken after sintering by the sintering time of carrier, when the average pore size of described carrier is10 μ m～20 μ m, the average pore size of rete is 1 μ m～8 μ m, is applicable to carrying out liquid filtering. By above-mentioned improvement, even if press carrierSintering time carry out sintering, also can protect rete strainability.
As the further improvement to the inorganic porous filter element preparation technology of above-mentioned asymmetric sintering, while preparing carrier powder to carryBasic material powder in body powder uses shape, the first powder varying in size and the second powder, and described the first powder compares secondBriquettability when the less and moulding of powder granularity is better, and the first powder accounts for 10～90% of this basic material powder gross mass. ByThere is briquettability in the first powder better, feature that sintering back aperture is less (because of the first powder granularity less), and the second powder toolHave the feature that sintering back aperture is larger (because of the second powder granularity larger), after above-mentioned the first powder is fully mixed with the second powder,The first powder can be filled in the space forming between the second powder, and the effect of playing on the one hand control carrier aperture (can be according to needThe ratio of aperture adjustment the first powder of wanting, for example 30%, 50%, 70%), improve on the one hand the briquettability of mixed powder, reduceFormed body rhegma probability when pressure forming, in addition, the first powder granularity increases the overall activity of basic material powder compared with I, therebyReduce sintering temperature, promote the mobile and growth of crystal grain in Powder during Sintering Process, and because the decline of carrier sintering temperature also enters oneStep has prevented the sintering densification problem of rete. The above-mentioned basic material powder in carrier powder use shape, vary in size theThe technological means of one powder and the second powder also can adopt in the preparation process of other filter elements of the present invention.
As to the preferably concrete mode of the inorganic porous filter element preparation technology's of above-mentioned asymmetric sintering one being: described the first powderBody is strip, and described the second powder is spherical or near-spherical, described the first powder and the ratio of the granularity of the second powder be 1:(1.2～5). The better feature of briquettability when wherein the first powder of strip has moulding, and the second powder of spherical or near-sphericalPile up space larger, sintering porosity is higher; The first powder and the ratio of the granularity of the second powder are set as to 1:(1.2～5), canBetter guarantee the briquettability of mixed powder and the accuracy that aperture is controlled. Wherein the first powder enters with the ratio of the granularity of the second powderOne step is preferably 1:(2～4). In addition, the first powder can adopt electrolytic powder (shape of electrolytic powder is strip), secondPowder can adopt atomized powder (shape of atomized powder is spherical or near-spherical). Certainly, the first powder of strip not can only be adoptedObtain with electrolysis mode, also can obtain the first powder of strip by other Preparation Technique of Powders (as oxidation-reduction method);The second powder spherical or near-spherical not can only adopt atomizing type to obtain, and also can obtain by other known Preparation Technique of PowdersObtain the second powder.
Further, said method also comprises step 4) polishing is carried out to form burnishing surface, described throwing in the surface of described reteThe surface roughness of light face is Ra0.8～12.5 μ m. Film surface is carried out to polishing and form burnishing surface, both thicknesses of layers was carried outControl, also can effectively prevent gas filtration time, on this burnishing surface, assemble dust simultaneously. The surface roughness of described burnishing surface is notShould be less than Ra0.8 μ m, otherwise can increase polishing difficulty, also can greatly increase the osmotic resistance of rete; The surface of described burnishing surfaceRoughness should not be less than Ra12.5 μ m, assembles effect otherwise will reduce dust protection.
The surface roughness of described burnishing surface is preferably Ra1.6～12.5 μ m. In addition, the surface roughness of this burnishing surface also can be enteredOne step is preferably Ra3.2～6.3 μ m. The surface roughness of burnishing surface is designed to Ra3.2～6.3 μ m, is not only easy to processing, anti-Dust assembly effect is good, and rete permeability is also very good.
Described carrier and rete are preferably had sintering metal porous material or the sintered ceramic porous material structure of compatibility by same kindBecome. For example, in the time that carrier is sintrered nickel Al intermetallic porous material, rete is all sintrered nickel Al intermetallic porousMaterial or other and carrier have the sintering porous nickel plate of compatibility.
Described pre-molding base is generally tubulose, and described film liquid is attached to the outer tube surface of this pre-molding base. Certainly pre-molding,Base may be also sheet or other shapes; From filtering direction, film liquid also may be attached to pre-molding base inner side.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described. The aspect that the present invention is additional and advantage will underIn the description of face, part provides, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize by practice of the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the inorganic porous filter element of a kind of asymmetric sintering of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged drawing at A place in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the inorganic porous filter element of a kind of sintering of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of special-purpose polishing equipment used in the present invention.
The structural representation of a kind of special tooling that Fig. 5 uses for the present invention in the process of preparing filter element.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by two groups of experimental examples, the preparation technology of above-mentioned filter element of the present invention and filter element is specifically described.By these explanations, those skilled in the art can know the preparation technology institute that recognizes filter element of the present invention and filter elementThe outstanding feature having. The experiment numbers below relating to is consistent with the numbering of corresponding " sample ".
<the first group of test example>
For the preparation of the asymmetric cemented iron Al intermetallic of the tubulose porous filter elements of gas filtration. Comprise altogether 4 groups of tests,Numbering is respectively 1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4 and 1-5. Wherein every group of test comprises again 5 identical son tests, sonTest number (son numbering) mode is " the concrete sequence number in the group of group #+place ", for example the 3rd son test in 1-1 group,Numbering is 1-1-3. The material composition of each test, content (by percentage to the quality) and raw material in first group of test examplePowder size (but granularity while being less than 400 order with " μ m " meter) in table 1.
Table 1---the powder size of material composition, content and the raw material of each test in first group of test example
Each son test in 1-1 group test in above-mentioned table 1 is prepared between asymmetric cemented iron aluminum metal and is changed by preparation technology's option ACompound porous filter elements. Preparation technology's option A concrete technology step is: the preparation of (1) carrier: 1. by the carrier powder in table 1Material requires Fe powder and Al powder to add in V-type batch mixer, batch mixing 8h; 2. select PVB as granulating agent, PVB is added to wineIn essence, dissolve, the carrier powder then step being mixed in 1. adds in mixer, in the process stirring, slowly evenly addsPVB solution, stirs 3-5h, then in 60 DEG C, baking oven, dries, and is carrying out granulation by comminutor, and screen cloth is selected 30 orders;3. assembly jig then adds FeAl granulation powder in mold cavity, is pressed into tubular precompressed by cold isostatic pressBecome parison, the demoulding; 4. pre-molding base is packed in sintering boat, so fed to boiler sintering, sintering 5 hours at 1250 DEG C of temperature,After cooling, obtain carrier, described carrier average pore size is 30-40 μ m, air flux >=180m3/m2× h × Kpa; (2) carrier polishing:Adopt the polissoir shown in Fig. 4 to carry out polishing to carrier outer tube surface, after polishing, blow surface dirt off with compressed air, formationThe surface roughness of the first burnishing surface is about Ra20 μ m left and right; (3) film liquid preparation: 1. by the film powder requirement in table 1 by Fe powderAdd in V-type batch mixer batch mixing 8h with Al powder; 2. ethylene glycol is added in alcohol, ratio is (volume ratio) 1:9, mixesMix; 3. the film powder mixing is slowly added in ethylene glycol alcohol blend in the process stirring, every 1g film powder adds 2.5mlEthylene glycol alcohol blend, stirs 1h and makes film liquid; (4) overlay film and rete generate: 1. carrier is fixed on Membrane jetter, and willFilm liquid carrier pipe inserts in film liquid, in the process stirring, stablizes transport membrane liquid, by Membrane jetter, film liquid is sprayed on to carrier outer tubeOn face; 2. after spraying film and finishing, the carrier that is attached with film liquid is put in the frock shown in Fig. 5, naturally places 0.5-1.0h, soAfter the carrier that is attached with film liquid is packed in sintering boat, enter stove sintering, sintering 2 hours at 1250 DEG C of temperature, form rete,The average pore size 15-20 μ m of rete, air flux >=80m3/m2× h × Kpa; (5) rete polishing: adopt the polishing shown in Fig. 4Equipment carries out polishing to film surface, and thicknesses of layers is controlled to 0.5mm, then, adopts compressed air to blow surface ash offDirt, the surface roughness of the second burnishing surface of formation is about Ra10 μ m.
Each son test in 1-2 group test in above-mentioned table 1 is prepared between asymmetric cemented iron aluminum metal and is changed by preparation technology's option bCompound porous filter elements. The difference of preparation technology's option b and preparation technology's option A is to have cancelled in preparation technology's option AStep (5) rete polishing.
Each son test in 1-3 group test in above-mentioned table 1 is prepared between asymmetric cemented iron aluminum metal and is changed by preparation technology's scheme CCompound porous filter elements. The difference of preparation technology's scheme C and preparation technology's option A is to have cancelled in preparation technology's option AStep (2) carrier polishing.
Each son test in 1-4 group test in above-mentioned table 1 is prepared between asymmetric cemented iron aluminum metal and is changed by preparation technology's scheme DCompound porous filter elements. Preparation technology's scheme D concrete technology step is: the preparation of (1) pre-molding base: 1. by table 1Carrier powder requires Fe powder and Al powder to add in V-type batch mixer, batch mixing 8h, and wherein, Fe powder has used the first iron powder and theTwo iron powders, described the first iron powder is selected the electrolytic iron powder of strip, and granularity is 55～70 μ m, and described the second iron powder is chosen as sphericalOr the atomized iron powder of near-spherical, granularity is 120～150 μ m, the first iron powder accounts for 45% of Fe powder gross mass; 2. select PVB conductGranulating agent, adds PVB in alcohol and dissolves, and the carrier powder then step being mixed in 1. adds in mixer, is stirringProcess in slowly evenly add PVB solution, stir 3-5h, then in 60 DEG C, baking oven, dry, making by comminutorGrain, screen cloth is selected 30 orders; 3. assembly jig then adds FeAl granulation powder in mold cavity, passes through cold isostatic pressBe pressed into tubular pre-molding base, the demoulding; (2) film liquid preparation: 1. by the film powder requirement in table 1 by Fe powder and AlPowder adds in V-type batch mixer, batch mixing 8h; 2. ethylene glycol is added in alcohol, ratio is (volume ratio) 1:9, and mixing mixes;3. the film powder mixing is slowly added in ethylene glycol alcohol blend in the process stirring, every 1g film powder adds 2.5ml second twoAlcohol alcohol blend, stirs 1h and makes film liquid; (3) overlay film and sintering: 1. pre-molding base is fixed on Membrane jetter, by filmLiquid carrier pipe inserts in film liquid, in the process stirring, stablizes transport membrane liquid, by Membrane jetter, film liquid is sprayed on to pre-molding baseOn outer tube surface; 2. after spraying film and finishing, the pre-molding base that is attached with film liquid is put in the frock shown in Fig. 5, naturally places0.5-1.0h, then packs the carrier that is attached with film liquid in sintering boat into, enters stove sintering, sintering 5 hours at 1250 DEG C of temperature,Form carrier and rete; (4) rete polishing: adopt the polissoir shown in Fig. 4 to carry out polishing to film surface, by filmLayer thickness is controlled at 0.5mm, then, adopts compressed air to blow surface dirt off, and the surface roughness of the burnishing surface of formation is aboutRa10.2μm。
In first group of test example, the isostatic compaction situation of each test is referring to table 2. As can be seen from Table 2, only 1-4 group examinationEach son test of testing pre-molding body all do not find rhegma, isostatic compaction qualification rate is significantly better than other each group tests.
Table 2---isostatic compaction qualification rate
Note: in table 2, "×" represents that pre-molding body has rhegma; In table, " √ " represents that pre-molding body is without rhegma.
Fig. 1,2 is depicted as the sample that the test of 1-2 group obtains. As shown in the figure, the filter element 100 of described sample comprise byAverage pore size be 30～40 μ m cemented iron Al intermetallic porous material form carrier 110 and be attached to described carrierOn 110 and the rete 120 that forms of the cemented iron Al intermetallic that is 15～20 μ m by average pore size, rete 120 was positioned atThe outer tube surface of filter element part wherein, is that the first burnishing surface 111, the first is thrown for adhering to the surface of this rete 120 on carrier 110The surface roughness of light face 111 is Ra20 μ m; On described rete 120, be attached to the side table on carrier 110 with this rete 120The opposite side surface (being filtering surface) that face is contrary is that the surface roughness of the second burnishing surface 121, the second burnishing surfaces 121 is Ra10 μ m.
The sample that the test of 1-2 group obtains is without the second burnishing surface 121. The sample that the test of 1-3 group obtains is without the first burnishing surface111. The sample that the test of 1-4 group obtains is also without the first burnishing surface 111.
Follow-up use shows, sample its rete in gas filtration that the test of 1-2 group obtains is preventing in the effect that dust is concentratedObviously be inferior to other samples. But the sample that 1-2 group test obtains its rete and carrier in long-term use procedure showFirm adhesive force, to adhere to the time longer for the rete that the time obtains sample compared with 1-3 group test of adhering to of its rete. In addition,The thicknesses of layers of the sample that the test of 1-1 group obtains is the most uniform in first group of test example gained sample, and thickness is very consistent, thickDegree deviation is in ± 50 μ m.
<the second group of test example>
For the preparation of tubulose homogeneous (without rete) the cemented iron Al intermetallic porous filter elements of gas filtration. Comprise 2Group test, numbering is respectively 2-1,2-2. Wherein every group of test only has 1 son test. In second group of test example, respectively testThe powder size of material composition, content (by percentage to the quality) and raw material is in table 3.
Table 3---the powder size of material composition, content and the raw material of each test in second group of test example
The concrete technology step of in above-mentioned table 3 No. 2-1 test is: the preparation of (1) filter element body: 1. by table 3Carrier powder requires Fe powder and Al powder to add in V-type batch mixer, batch mixing 8h; 2. select PVB as granulating agent, by PVBAdd in alcohol and dissolve, the carrier powder then step being mixed in 1. adds in mixer, in the process stirring slowly allThe even PVB solution that adds, stirs 3-5h, then in 60 DEG C, baking oven, dries, and is carrying out granulation by comminutor, and screen cloth is selected30 orders; 3. assembly jig then adds FeAl granulation powder in mold cavity, is pressed into pipe by cold isostatic pressThe pre-molding base of shape, the demoulding; 4. pre-molding base is packed in sintering boat, so fed to boiler sintering burns at 1250 DEG C of temperatureTie 5 hours, obtain filter element body after cooling, described filter element body average pore size is 30-40 μ m, air flux >=180m3/m2× h × Kpa; (2) filter element body polishing: adopt the polissoir shown in Fig. 4 to filter element body outer tube surfaceCarry out polishing, after polishing, blow surface dirt off with compressed air, the surface roughness of the burnishing surface of formation is about Ra10 μ m left and right.
The concrete technology step of No. 2-2 test in above-mentioned table 3 is: the preparation of (1) filter element body: 1. by carrying in table 3Body powder requires Fe powder and Al powder to add in V-type batch mixer, batch mixing 8h, and wherein, Fe powder has used the first iron powder and secondIron powder, described the first iron powder is selected the electrolytic iron powder of strip, granularity is 55～70 μ m, described the second iron powder be chosen as spherical orThe atomized iron powder of near-spherical, granularity is 120～150 μ m, the first iron powder accounts for 45% of Fe powder gross mass; 2. select PVB as makingGranula, adds PVB in alcohol and dissolves, and the carrier powder then step being mixed in 1. adds in mixer, what stirIn process, slowly evenly add PVB solution, stir 3-5h, then in 60 DEG C, baking oven, dry, carrying out granulation by comminutor,Screen cloth is selected 30 orders; 3. assembly jig then adds FeAl granulation powder in mold cavity, by cold isostatic press by itBe pressed into tubular pre-molding base, the demoulding; 4. pre-molding base is packed in sintering boat, so fed to boiler sintering, at 1100 DEG CSintering 5 hours at temperature, obtains filter element body after cooling, and described filter element body average pore size is 30-40 μ m, gasFlux >=180m3/m2× h × Kpa; (2) filter element body polishing: adopt the polissoir shown in Fig. 4 to filter element bodyOuter tube surface carries out polishing, after polishing, blows surface dirt off with compressed air, and the surface roughness of the burnishing surface of formation is about Ra10 μ mLeft and right.
Figure 3 shows that the sample that No. 2-1, No. 2-2 test obtains. As shown in the figure, it comprises by cemented iron aluminum metalBetween compound porous material form filter element body 200, the outer tube surface of filter element body 200 is filtering surface 210, described mistakeFiltering surface 210 is burnishing surface, and the surface roughness of this burnishing surface is Ra10 μ m. Follow-up use shows, No. 2-1 and 2-2Number sample that obtains of test its filtering surface in gas filtration is concentrated more existing tubulose homogeneous (without rete) in problem at dust and is burntKnot intermetallic Fe-Al compound porous filter elements obviously improves. In addition, due to the basis of No. 2-2 test in carrier powderAny special measures is taked in raw meal aspect, increases the overall activity of basic material powder, thereby reduces sintering temperature.
About the polissoir shown in Fig. 4, as shown in the figure, it specifically comprises: centerless external cylindrical polishing mechanism 310, described in be not in the mood forExcircle polishing mechanism 310 comprises polishing wheel 311 (can require to select according to polishing the sized flap wheel of different model), guide wheel 312 andSupporting plate 313; Outer dust box 320, described centerless external cylindrical polishing mechanism 310 is positioned in this outer dust box 320, outer control of dustOn casing 320, have the charging aperture 322 corresponding with supporting plate 313 entrance sides and the discharging opening corresponding with supporting plate 313 outlet sides321; And dust exhaust apparatus, described dust exhaust apparatus is connected with outer dust box 320 by dust sucting pipeline 331. When use, above-mentionedTubular carrier (or tubulose pre-molding base) is sent into from charging aperture 322, after polishing, sends from discharging opening 321 again. Wherein, outerDust box 320 can prevent dust diffusion, and utilizes dust exhaust apparatus to carry out the collection of dust, has ensured on-the-spot working environment.
Shown in Fig. 5 is a kind of frock that is specifically designed to the volatilization of film liquid. It is by base plate 410, support bar 420 and top flexibilityPositioning body 430 forms, and on base plate 410, interval is furnished with multiple described support bars 420, the upper end of each root support bar 420Positioning body 430 in a top flexibility is all housed, when use, tubular carrier is put upside down into corresponding support bar 420, make in the flexibility of topPositioning body 430 contacted with the end in carrier, just can support carrier, and the film liquid of its outer tube surface is fully volatilized.
Claims (9)
1. the preparation technology of the inorganic porous filter element of asymmetric sintering, the inorganic porous filter element of described asymmetric sintering comprise byThe carrier that the sintering metal porous material of larger aperture or sintered ceramic porous material form and be attached on described carrier and byThe rete that the sintering metal porous material of small-bore or sintered ceramic porous material form, its step of preparation process comprises: 1) preparationCarrier powder, is then pressed into the pre-molding base of definite shape with carrier powder; 2) prepare film powder, film powder is added to dispersantIn solution, make film liquid; 3) described film liquid is attached to the surface of pre-molding base, suitably dry after being pressed in advance coherent film liquidParison carries out sintering, makes the preformed pressed compact after sintering form carrier, and film liquid forms rete; The average pore size of described carrier is20 μ m～100 μ m, the average pore size of rete is 10 μ m～30 μ m, the granularity selection of carrier powder is-50 orders～+ 400 orders,The granularity selection of film powder is that (1.5～3) × (400 order～15 μ m); Or the average pore size of described carrier is 10 μ m～20 μ m, filmThe average pore size of layer is 1 μ m～8 μ m, and the granularity selection of carrier powder is-200 orders～+ 400 orders, and the granularity selection of film powder is(1.5～3)×(3μm～15μm)。
2. the preparation technology of the inorganic porous filter element of asymmetric sintering as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: preparation is carriedWhen body powder, the basic material powder in carrier powder is used to shape, the first powder varying in size and the second powder, described firstBriquettability when powder is compared the less and moulding of the second powder granularity is better, and the first powder accounts for this basic material powder gross mass10～90％。
3. the preparation technology of the inorganic porous filter element of asymmetric sintering as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: describedOne powder is strip, and described the second powder is spherical or near-spherical, and described the first powder with the ratio of the granularity of the second powder is1:(1.2～5)。
4. the preparation technology of the inorganic porous filter element of asymmetric sintering as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: describedOne powder is 1:(2～4 with the ratio of the granularity of the second powder).
5. the preparation technology of the inorganic porous filter element of asymmetric sintering as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: describedOne powder is electrolytic powder, and described the second powder is atomized powder.
6. the preparation technology of the inorganic porous filter element of asymmetric sintering as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: bagDraw together step 4) to the surface of described rete carry out polishing with form burnishing surface, the surface roughness of described burnishing surface be Ra0.8～12.5μm。
7. the preparation technology of the inorganic porous filter element of asymmetric sintering as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: described throwingThe surface roughness of light face (121) is Ra1.6～12.5 μ m.
8. the preparation technology of the inorganic porous filter element of asymmetric sintering as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: instituteStating sintering metal porous material or the sintered ceramic porous material that carrier and rete have compatibility by same kind forms.
9. the preparation technology of the inorganic porous filter element of asymmetric sintering as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: instituteStating pre-molding base is tubulose, and described film liquid is attached to the outer tube surface of this pre-molding base.
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