CN1044264A

CN1044264A - Vehicle reversing on the spot

Info

Publication number: CN1044264A
Application number: CN 89100349
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王心言
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1989-01-19
Filing date: 1989-01-19
Publication date: 1990-08-01

Abstract

Vehicle reversing is in indoor, tunnel or the walking-replacing tool that uses of the narrow place of other active area or excavation, transportation means on the spot.This car can travel and turn as existing vehicle, unique distinction be can be on slype 360 degree rotations at any time, conversion working direction arbitrarily, turn radius can be zero person that is adapted to the lower limb disability especially, textile worker or tunneling person's effect.The joystick that is characterized in maneuvering system can be handled and travel, speed governing, guiding, can commutate on the spot again, brake, and is simple and reliable for structure, volume is little.

Description

Vehicle reversing on the spot

The present invention is that turn radius that the person that is used for the lower limb disability, weaving worker, slype operator or the digging operation person that need turn on the spot use can be zero vehicle reversing.

Existing disclosed CN 86 101092A CN 85 101984A patent documents all are that two driving wheels are in operation and can only rotate to identical direction simultaneously with the existing vehicle that uses, and steering unit can only change the vehicle body working direction with the mode of handling track adjusting wheel.Vehicle body must leave original position when turning like this, and always greater than zero, this vehicle can't arbitrarily change working direction to turn radius on slype.

Task of the present invention realizes with following manner: the present invention is installed in both sides, vehicle body middle part with two driving wheels, a driven track adjusting wheel is respectively arranged before and after the vehicle body, steering unit is installed on vehicle body, joystick by steering unit can make two driving wheels rotate forward simultaneously, vehicle body is advanced, control the working direction of vehicle body as existing vehicle with the mode of handling track adjusting wheel.This steering unit also can make two driving wheel counter-rotation when needs commutate on the spot, vehicle body is selected the working direction or the scope of operation of car arbitrarily in the 360 degree scopes of original place, rotate to the angle of needs when vehicle body after, joystick can be returned to motoring condition again, and can select moving velocity by the handle of joystick.

Advantage of the present invention is: vehicle body can change direction of traffic on the spot arbitrarily in 360 degree scopes, turn radius can be zero, multi-use such as the joystick of steering unit can be handled guiding, travels, commutates on the spot, brake, speed governing, and compact conformation, volume are little, easy to use.

Below with reference to accompanying drawing the present invention is done and to describe in further detail.

Fig. 1, vehicle reversing schematic top plan view on the spot.

Fig. 2, vehicle reversing motoring condition lateral plan on the spot.

Fig. 3, the upper state front section view of maneuvering system.

Fig. 4, the next state of maneuvering system side exterior view.

Fig. 5, tooth rest

Fig. 6, control wire constructional drawing

Fig. 7, wheel design figure

Fig. 8, circuit diagram

The block diagram of vehicle reversing on the spot of Fig. 9, disabled person's special use

The vehicle reversing on the spot that Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 introduce mainly is made up of the vehicle body that power and transmission device are housed (3), driving wheel (1,27), track adjusting wheel (8,36), electric system and maneuvering system.Two driving wheels (1,27) entrucking bodies (3) both sides of this car, middle with the jackshaft connection, two track adjusting wheels (8,36) are contained in the middle part of vehicle body (3) front and back position respectively.The action of driving wheel and track adjusting wheel is to control by jackshaft, maneuvering system and DC machine (26), storage battery (2) and the control wire (4,9,17,24) at vehicle body middle part.

Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 4 be maneuvering system of the present invention, mainly form by transmission device, guiding mechanism and braking mechanism.

Transmission device carries out work by rotate joystick (10) with hand, and handle (37,43) is equipped with at joystick (10) top, can be used for making joystick (10) axial motion and left-right rotation.Joystick (10) passes the upper bracket (30) that is fixed under the vehicle seat (29), the lower end is inserted in the tooth rest (33) and is fixed as one with bevel pinion (34), can drive bevel pinion (34) when making joystick (10) left-right rotation and go up flexibly at tooth rest (33) and rotate, again can driven gear frame (33) during up-and-down movement up-and-down movement together.Bevel pinion (34) is meshed with large bevel gear (18), and large bevel gear (18) and third wheel (11) all are fixed on the same fix shaft (63), third wheel (11) again and pilot wheel (13) be meshed, so rotate joystick (10) pilot wheel (13) is also rotated thereupon with hand.The shape of tooth rest (33) as shown in Figure 5, the bottom is radius stay (55), radius stay during use (55) passes vehicle body (3), be installed in the undersetting (35) under the vehicle body (3), spring (61) and steel ball (60) are housed in the undersetting (35), last positioning groove (56) and following positioning groove (59) are arranged on the radius stay (55), when joystick (10) upward movement, steel ball (60) just is stuck in down in the positioning groove (59), then snap in the positioning groove (56) positioning action when playing joystick (10) up-and-down movement when moving downward with this.For tooth rest (33) is not rotated with joystick (10), and only move up and down with joystick (10), there is a locating plate (64) to be fixed on the vehicle body (3) on the next door of tooth rest (33), one kidney slot (62) is arranged on the locating plate (64), the fix shaft (63) that stretches out from tooth rest (33) is inserted in the kidney slot (62), when joystick (10) driven gear frame (33) up-and-down movement, fix shaft (63) slides up and down along kidney slot (62), when joystick (10) rotated, fix shaft (63) had just stoped tooth rest (33) together to rotate with joystick (10).

The guiding mechanism of maneuvering system of the present invention is used for handling and control track adjusting wheel (8,36), after being contained in direction lever (12) on the pole socket (48), be enclosed within on the upper bracket (30) that is fixed on below the vehicle seat (29), collar (49) be stuck in prevent on the upper bracket (30) that pole socket (48) from coming off again.Be fixed with a cam (31) on the joystick (10), when carrying on the joystick (10), direction lever (12) can slip in the draw-in groove (66) of cam (31) along inclined-plane (65), and steel ball (60) snaps in the following positioning groove (59) of radius stay (55) lower end.This moment, whole maneuvering system was in upper state, rotate the gear of joystick (10) on will driven gear frame (33) with hand again and all dally, be fixed on cam (31) on the joystick (10) and just block the direction lever (12) that is in the draw-in groove (66) and together rotate with joystick (10).

Connect with control wire (4) between direction lever (12) and the track adjusting wheel (8), the control wire (4,9,17,24) that the present invention adopts all be use on the existing vehicle can crooked stear drawing line.Its structure as shown in Figure 6, form by overcoat (4) and heart yearn (6), heart yearn (6) can slide along axis in overcoat (4), be fixed with deck (5) on the vehicle body (3), overcoat (4) is stuck between two decks (5), heart yearn (6) one terminates at the last other end of direction lever (12) and is connected on the guide arm (7) of track adjusting wheel (8), and direction lever (12) rotates like this, just can drive guide arm (7) and rotate synchronously.Adopt this same structure, just can reach the purpose of track adjusting wheel (8,36) coordination before and after handling simultaneously and controlling.

Track adjusting wheel of the present invention (8,26) is made up of guide arm (7), the axis of guide (82), axle sleeve (75), wheel carrier (28), ball set (76), ball bowl (77), spring (80), pin (78) and wheel (8) as shown in Figure 7.The axis of guide (82) passes upper bracket (74), axle sleeve (75) ball set (76), ball bowl (77), spring (80), wheel carrier (28) and lower bracket (81) etc. and is vertically mounted on the vehicle body (3).A guide arm (7) is being fixed on the top of the axis of guide (82), when the heart yearn (6) of control wire (4) spurs guide arm (7), can drive the axis of guide (82) and rotate neatly.The wheel carrier (28) that wheel (8) are housed is enclosed within on the axis of guide (82), when wheel (8) when bearing pressure, just upwards promote wheel carrier (28), make it to move up, be installed in spring (80) above the wheel carrier (28) and bear the thrust that wheel carrier (28) moves up and play cushioning effect along the axis of guide (82).Be pressed on the axle sleeve (75) through ball bowl (77) and ball set (76) on the top that an axle sleeve (75), spring (80) are installed on the upper bracket (74), like this when wheel carrier (28) under the stressing conditions when the axis of guide (82) rotates, just driving spring (80) rotates together, ball set (76) just rolls between axle sleeve (75) and ball bowl (77), reduced spring (80) under stressing conditions with the friction force of upper bracket (74).In the top of wheel carrier (28) two elongated slots (79) are arranged, the pin (78) that passes the axis of guide (82) is stuck in the elongated slot (79), when wheel carrier (28) during along the axis of guide (82) up-and-down movement, pin (78) can slide up and down in elongated slot (79), when the axis of guide (82) left-right rotation, the elongated slot (79) that pin (78) just blocks on the wheel carrier (28) makes the corresponding rotation of wheel carrier (28), the wheel (8) that causes being installed on the wheel carrier (28) rotates thereupon, handles track adjusting wheel (8 with regard to the mode of available control wire (4) pulling guide arm (7) like this, 36) advanced in the desired direction.

The braking mechanism of maneuvering system of the present invention is made up of brake handle (44), crossbeam (46), bracket arm (47), pivot pin (52), sleeve pipe (51), brake arm (69), brake cable (70), brake band (19) and spring (71) as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.The 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of brake cable (70) is identical with the control wire (4) that guiding mechanism adopts.Brake handle (44) is enclosed within on the joystick (10), joystick (10) respectively has a kidney slot (45,50) up and down, crossbeam (46) passes kidney slot (45) and is connected on the brake handle (44), so upwards spur brake handle (44) crossbeam (46) is upwards slided in last kidney slot (45), drive bracket arm (47) upward movement together.The lower end of bracket arm (47) is connected with a pivot pin (52), and pivot pin (52) can spur pivot pin (52) and upwards slide in the kidney slot (50) down from passing the kidney slot (50) down during bracket arm (47) upward movement.A sleeve pipe (51) is installed on pivot pin (52), is enclosed within on the joystick (10), during pivot pin (52) upward movement, can drive sleeve pipe (51) upward movement simultaneously.Be welded with a brake arm (69) on the sleeve pipe (51), brake arm (69) quilt " " pressing plate (68) of font is stuck on the tooth rest (33) since tooth rest (33) can only be with joystick (10) up-and-down movement can not left-right rotation, can only move up and down so the also same tooth rest of brake arm (69) (33) is the same.Like this when the time with portable moving brake handle (44), just can make brake arm (69) upward movement together on crossbeam (46), bracket arm (47), pivot pin (52) and the sleeve pipe (51), pulling brake cable (70) makes brake band (19) shrink brake.When releasing of brake handle (44), spring (71) shrinks, and makes it to unclamp to the moving brake band (19) of pulling back, and spurs brake cable (70) simultaneously whole braking mechanism is descended, and returns to state before the brake.

Electric system of the present invention is made up of storage battery (2), motor (26), main switch (32), electronic variable-speed circuit (83), BK Brake Switch (72) and travel switch (5) as shown in Figure 8.A potential device (38) is housed on the electronic variable-speed circuit (83), changes the resistance of potential device (38), can change electronic variable-speed circuit (83) and export to the voltage of motor (26), reach the purpose that changes motor (26) rotating speed.

As shown in Figure 3, joystick (10) top is welded with an adaptor union (42), a boss (40) is arranged in the adaptor union (42), and potential device (38) is installed between left handle (37) and the boss (40), utilizes left handle (37) that potential device (38) is pressed abd fixed on the boss (40).Right handles (43) can be rotated around the line of centers of adaptor union (42) flexibly with boss (40) location, and the S. A. (39) of potential device (38) is connected on the right handles (43), so rotate the resistance that right handles (43) just can change potential device (38).Because adaptor union (42) and joystick (10) all are rotary, and other element of electric system all is fixedly mounted on the vehicle body, so the pig-tail wire of potential device (38) just enters in the joystick (10) by wire guide (41), is connected with conducting ring (53) in bar.Between conducting ring (53) and the joystick (10) insulating collar (54) is housed, prevents short circuit.Conducting ring (53) and brush (67) closed contact (see figure 4) guarantee that electric conductivity is good.The pig-tail wire of brush (67) is received on the electronic variable-speed circuit (83), rotated right handles (48) again with regard to the rotating speed of may command motor (26).Main switch (32), BK Brake Switch (72) and travel switch (57) are housed on the circuit between storage battery (2) and the electronic variable-speed circuit (83).Main switch (32) is with the manual circuit break-make, BK Brake Switch (72) is a normal open switch, relies on the pulling force of spring (71) to make its closure under the state that brake band (19) unclamps, and shrinks at brake band (19), spring (71) is just opened when drawing back automatically, and motor (26) is stopped operating.Travel switch (57) also is a normal open switch, is in when the next at joystick (10), and contact (58) is thrown off with travel switch (57), and travel switch (57) is opened, and motor (26) stops operating automatically.

By introduction to above-mentioned maneuvering system and electric system, the working process of vehicle reversing is described below on the spot below: the automobile battery that commutates on the spot (2) is done the energy, do power with the motor that has retarder (26), during driving joystick (10) is in upper state, open main switch (32), motor (26) rotates by the differential casing (23) that motor gear (25) drives the jackshaft middle part, differential casing (23) drives left half axle gear (14) and the equidirectional rotation of right axle shaft gear (22) simultaneously by planetary wheel (20), make left and right sides semiaxis (16,21) respectively with left and right sides driving wheel (1,27) also simultaneously by equidirectional rotation, drive vehicle body (3) to overtake.Because the reversing wheel (15) that is fixed in this state on the left half axle (16) is thrown off fully with pilot wheel (13), direction lever (12) is stuck in the draw-in groove (66), so when rotating joystick (10) with hand, gear on the tooth rest (33) all dallies, by control wire (4,9,17,24) track adjusting wheel (8 before and after the pulling vehicle body (3), 36) travel in the desired direction, just brake handle (44) is upwards drawn when needing brake, drive crossbeam (46), bracket arm (47), brake arm (69) on pivot pin (52) and the sleeve pipe (51) is upward movement together, pulling brake cable (70) is shunk brake band (19), spring (71) elongation, brake band (19) surrounds differential casing (23) and makes it the effect of brake disc of having held concurrently, stop the rotation of differential casing (23), and then make left and right sides semiaxis (16,21) stop operating.Meanwhile, because spring (71) elongation, BK Brake Switch (72) presents normally open, just makes motor (26) stop rotation.Back releasing of brake handle (44) is removed in brake, whole braking mechanism descends, and brake band (19) unclamps under spring (71) tension, and BK Brake Switch (72) resets into motoring condition under the effect of spring (71), switch on makes car can continue again normally to have advanced.

When needs commutate on the spot, joystick (10) is the next state to pressing down, at this moment pilot wheel (13) is meshed with reversing wheel (15), rotates joystick (10) with hand and just can make pilot wheel (13) by reversing wheel (15) left half axle (16) be rotated.And at this moment owing to have motor (26) stall of retarder, it starts inertia and has stoped the rotation of differential casing (23), makes differential casing (23) become quiescence.Left half axle (16) rotates and just can make right axle shaft gear (22) and right axle shaft (21) counter-rotation by left half axle gear (14), planetary wheel (20) like this, drives also counter-rotation of left and right sides driving wheel (1,27).Meanwhile, because cam (31) descends with joystick (10), direction lever (12) just deviates to become free state from draw-in groove (66), causes being subjected to the front and back track adjusting wheel (8,36) of direction lever (12) control all to be in free state.Like this when left and right sides driving wheel (1,27) counter-rotation drives vehicle body (3) rotation, before and after track adjusting wheels (8,36) all can cooperate two driving wheels (1,27) to finish the function that vehicle body (3) turns on the spot there not being under the situation of external force freely sense of motion advance along separately.

Shown in Figure 9 is to aim at the vehicle reversing on the spot that the disabled person uses, and is to have increased by two crutch (84) on the basis of said mechanism.In the time of by bus two crutch (84) are inserted in vehicle seat (29) back side by side, make two crutch (84) form a backrest, when needs are got off, can extract the normal use of crutch (84) easily.

Above embodiment shows, the present invention has realized that the vehicle body turn radius can be zero, and the joystick of maneuvering system (10) can speed governing, travel, lead, and can commutate on the spot again, brake, and realizes the multi-use way.

Claims

1, on the spot vehicle reversing be a kind ofly can in narrow slot, travel, turn radius can be zero, the scooter that be best suited for lower limb disability person or weaving worker uses.The present invention mainly is made up of the car body that power and transmission device are housed, driving wheel, track adjusting wheel, electric system and maneuvering system, it is characterized in that maneuvering system is made up of transmission device, guiding mechanism and braking mechanism.

2, vehicle reversing on the spot according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: direction lever (12) was in the draw-in groove (66) of (31) of cam when joystick (10) was in upper state, and pilot wheel (13) was meshed with reversing wheel (15) when joystick (10) was in the next state.

3, vehicle reversing on the spot according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: on the semiaxis (16) that connects with diff reversing wheel (15) is installed.

4, according to claim 1 or 3 described vehicle reversings on the spot, it is characterized in that: brake band (19) is enclosed in the outside of differential casing (23).

5, vehicle reversing on the spot according to claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt control wire (4,9,1724) to connect between the guide arm of fixing on the axis of guide (82) (7) and the direction lever (12).

6, vehicle reversing on the spot according to claim 1 or 5.It is characterized in that: the axis of guide (82) passes upper bracket (74), axle sleeve (75), ball set (76), ball bowl (77), wheel carrier (28) and lower bracket (81) and is vertically mounted on the vehicle body (3).

7, vehicle reversing on the spot according to claim 6 is characterized in that: be enclosed within the wheel carrier (28) on the axis of guide (82), the pin (78) that its upper end has elongated slot (79) and passes the axis of guide (82) is stuck in the elongated slot (79).

8, vehicle reversing on the spot according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the potential device (38) of control motor (26) rotating speed is installed in the adaptor union (42) on joystick (10) top.

9, vehicle reversing on the spot according to claim 1 is characterized in that: two crutch (84) are inserted in the back that car is sat (29) side by side.