CN104426057B - Spark plug, and ignition system of internal combustion engine using same - Google Patents

Spark plug, and ignition system of internal combustion engine using same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104426057B
CN104426057B CN201310368292.XA CN201310368292A CN104426057B CN 104426057 B CN104426057 B CN 104426057B CN 201310368292 A CN201310368292 A CN 201310368292A CN 104426057 B CN104426057 B CN 104426057B
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China
Prior art keywords
spark plug
diversion division
guiding gutter
hole
housing
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CN201310368292.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN104426057A (en
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张蝶儿
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Priority to CN201310368292.XA priority Critical patent/CN104426057B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2013/085119 priority patent/WO2015024292A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2014/084840 priority patent/WO2015024516A1/en
Publication of CN104426057A publication Critical patent/CN104426057A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01TSPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation

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  • Spark Plugs (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a spark plug. The spark plug comprises an insulator, a center electrode, a casing, a flow-guiding portion and a grounding electrode, wherein the insulator is provided with an axially extending axle hole; the center electrode is inserted into the axle hole penetrating the insulator and exposes an end portion; the casing is hollow and cylindrical-shaped and sleeves the surface of the insulator; the flow-guiding portion is disposed at the opening end, which faces the cylinder of an internal combustion engine, of the casing, the flow-guiding portion is a cylindrical body and has a sparking hole penetrating the upper and lower bottom surfaces at the center, a flow-guiding groove is disposed axially in the side wall of the flow-guiding portion, and the flow-guiding groove communicates with the sparking hole; and the grounding electrode is disposed on the inner wall of the casing or on the inner wall of the sparking hole of the flow-guiding portion, and an ignition end portion with a spark discharge gap is formed between the grounding electrode and the end portion of the center electrode. Compared with the prior art, the spark plug prevents a part of fuel from remaining at the outside of the casing and accordingly forming black stains, makes fuller use of the fuel and improves the utilization rate of the fuel. Besides, the spark plug prevents the occurrence of deposits and corrosion resulting therefrom, thereby prolonging the service life.

Description

A kind of ignition system of spark plug and the internal combustion engine using the spark plug
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of igniting field of internal combustion engine, more particularly, to a kind of spark plug, and using the spark plug The ignition system of internal combustion engine.
Background technology
Internal combustion engine be liquid or gaseous fuel are mixed with air after, directly input cylinder internal high compression combustion chamber burning Outburst produces power.It is a kind of heat engine for converting heat into mechanical energy.Spark plug is mounted on internal combustion engine, for combustor The sparking of interior mixed gas.Fig. 1 is referred to, which is the structural representation of the ignition system of internal combustion engine of the prior art.Should The ignition system of internal combustion engine includes combustor 11, fuel injector 12 and spark plug 13.The combustor 11 includes the cylinder of a cavity Body 111, it is screw-shaped spark plug installation passage 112 that the upper end of cylinder body 111 has an inwall, spark plug 13 to be arranged on On combustor 11;And there is near the spark plug installation passage 112 a fuel injector installation passage 114, to by fuel Ejector 12 is arranged on combustor 11.Please refer to Fig. 2, which is the structural representation of prior art spark plug 13.The fire Flower plug 13 includes a central electrode 132, insulator 134, housing 136 and ground electrode 138.The insulator 134 is ceramic insulation Body, with the axis hole for extending in the axial direction, the central electrode 132 is inserted through the axis hole of the insulator 134.The housing 136 The periphery of the insulator 134 is arranged on, the surface of housing 136 has screw thread.The end of the ground electrode 138 and the housing 136 Connection, and bending extension is relative with central electrode 132, and the gap of spark discharge is formed between central electrode 132.Electrocardio in this Firing end portion is formed between pole 132 and ground electrode 138, the firing end portion produces electric arc by the effect of pulse power, and then The mixed gas of spark ignition surrounding them are produced, the purpose of automatic ignition is reached.
Generally, the combustor 11 is circular or elliptic cylinder body, in order to be able to produce strength combustion efficiency, can be by spark plug 13 The firing end portion that formed of central electrode and ground electrode be arranged in the cylinder body 111 of combustor 11, i.e., the spark plug 13 passes through The screw thread twist of its housing 136 and spark plug installation passage 112, the housing 136 of spark plug 13 are filled with whole spark plug and install Passage 112, spark plug 13 make its firing end portion extend out in the cylinder body 111 of combustor 11 through the spark plug installation passage 112. In order to strengthen the efficiency of combustion of ignition system, the fuel injector 12 can be arranged on the vicinity of spark plug 13, the fuel injector 12 nozzle is sprayed against the firing end portion side of the spark plug 13.
But, in the cylinder body of the meeting extension to combustor 11 of housing 136 of usual spark plug 13, due to fuel injector 12 sides for being provided in spark plug 13, the meeting stop portions fuel of housing 136 directly reach the firing end portion of spark plug, so as to Affect efficiency of combustion;After life-time service, it will usually the white carbon black of incomplete combustion is formed on the housing of 12 side of fuel injector The local carbon deposition phenomenon that stain, i.e. incomplete combustion cause, reduces efficiency of combustion, have impact on the output of electromotor.Also, by It is exceedingly odious in the working environment of spark plug, the central electrode 132 and ground electrode 138 high-temperature and high-pressure conditions in the combustor 11 It is lower to need igniting many times, and deposit occurs on the electrode and causes which to corrode, cause being worse off for spark plug 13.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcoming and deficiency of prior art, there is provided a kind of spark plug of high combustion efficiency.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of spark plug, including insulator, which has the axis hole for extending in the axial direction;Central electrode, which is inserted through The axis hole exposed end of the insulator;Housing, which is hollow columnar, and the housing is set in the insulator surface;Diversion division, its The housing is arranged on towards the outside of the opening of internal combustion engine cylinders, the diversion division is column, and which is run through with one in its center The fire jetting hole of upper bottom surface, its side wall are provided with guiding gutter in the axial direction, and the guiding gutter is connected with fire jetting hole;Ground electrode, which sets Put on the inwall of housing, or on the inwall of the fire jetting hole for being arranged on diversion division, formed and the end of central electrode between and had The firing end portion in the gap of spark discharge.
Further, the diversion division also includes air inlet, and which is arranged on the side wall of the guiding gutter end of diversion division, and/or It is arranged on guiding gutter, the guiding gutter is connected with fire jetting hole by the air inlet.
Further, upper bottom surface of the guiding gutter through the diversion division, and connected with fire jetting hole by the cavity of housing.
Further, the diversion division also includes a bocca, and the bocca is arranged on the diversion division towards internal combustion engine cylinders End.
Further, the bocca is connected with the end of diversion division by door, and the door is provided with the flame with diversion division The through hole of hole connection.And the side wall of the bocca is provided with through hole.
Relative to prior art, the guiding gutter and air inlet on the side wall of the diversion division of the spark plug may be guided the fuel and enter Enter in spark plug, it is to avoid part of fuel remains in hull outside and forms white carbon black stain, more fully using fuel, improves fuel Utilization rate.And, the protection of the central electrode of the spark plug by diversion division, it is to avoid deposit occur and cause which to corrode Situation, improve its service life.
Additionally, present invention also offers a kind of ignition system of internal combustion engine, which includes combustor and spark plug, the combustor Including the cylinder body of a cavity, there is on the inwall of cylinder body a spark plug installation passage;The spark plug is arranged on the spark plug pacifies On dress passage.Wherein, the spark plug includes insulator, and which has the axis hole for extending in the axial direction;Central electrode, its insertion are passed through Wear the axis hole exposed end of the insulator;Housing, which is hollow columnar, and the housing is set in the insulator surface;Diversion division, Which is arranged on the housing towards the outside of the opening of internal combustion engine cylinders, and the diversion division is column, and its center is run through with one The fire jetting hole of bottom surface thereon, its side wall are provided with guiding gutter in the axial direction, and the guiding gutter is connected with fire jetting hole;Ground electrode, its Arrange on the inwall of housing, or on the inwall of the fire jetting hole for being arranged on diversion division, formed and the end of central electrode between and had The firing end portion in the gap of spark discharge.
Relative to prior art, the ignition system of the internal combustion engine of the present invention avoids part of fuel and remains in spark-plug body It is outside to form white carbon black stain, more fully using fuel, improve the utilization rate of fuel.
The spark plug of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with Figure of description.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the ignition system of internal combustion engine of the prior art.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of spark plug in prior art.
Fig. 3 is 1 structural representation of embodiment of the spark plug of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the dimensional structure diagram of diversion division shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the diversion division of embodiments of the invention 2.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the diversion division of embodiments of the invention 3.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the diversion division of embodiments of the invention 4.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Fig. 3 is referred to, which is 1 structural representation of embodiment of the spark plug of the present invention.The spark plug 20 includes a center Electrode 21, insulator 24 and housing 26.The insulator 24 is ceramics insulator, and which has the axis hole for extending in the axial direction.Should Central electrode 21 is inserted through the axis hole exposed end 211 of the insulator 24.The housing 26 is hollow structure, is set in this exhausted The surface of edge body 24, housing 26 are provided with a diversion division 28 towards the opening of cylinder body.Please refer to Fig. 4, which is shown in Fig. 3 The dimensional structure diagram of diversion division.The diversion division 28 is column, is provided with fire jetting hole 282, guiding gutter 283 and air inlet Hole 284.Wherein, the fire jetting hole 282 is located at the axis of the diversion division 28, and through the upper bottom surface of the diversion division 28.This is led Chute 283 is located on the side wall of the diversion division 28, and its cross section is arc.The quantity of guiding gutter 283 is not limited, and can be set as needed Put.The air inlet 284 is connected with the end of guiding gutter 283, and through the side wall of diversion division 28 so that the guiding gutter 283 passes through The air inlet 284 is connected with fire jetting hole 282.The end 211 of the central electrode 21 extends to the fire jetting hole 282 of the diversion division 28 Interior, the inwall of the fire jetting hole 282 forms the firing tip in the gap with spark discharge as ground electrode 22 with central electrode 21 Portion.The diversion division 28 is which is fixed on housing 26 by welding procedure.The appearance of the central electrode 21 and ground electrode 22 Face is coated with one layer of noble metal, such as iraurite, to improve the performance of its igniting.
In the induction stroke of internal combustion engine, the nozzle of fuel injector directly carries out spray fuel against the spark plug 20, Guiding gutter 283 and air inlet 284 on the side wall of the diversion division of spark plug may be guided the fuel in spark plug, it is to avoid portion Divide fuel leaves white carbon black stain to be formed in hull outside, more fully using fuel, improve the utilization rate of fuel.In addition, fuel The mixed gas formed with air are simultaneously filled with the cylinder body of combustor, as the pressure in cylinder body is much larger than plug ignition end Pressure, mixed gas are advanced into rapidly spark plug and full of around firing end portion.
And in the pulse firing of spark plug, around the firing end portion in the fire jetting hole of the spark plug, it is filled with gaseous mixture Body, the mixed gas around the ignitor that discharges between the central electrode 21 and ground electrode 22, the now gas in fire jetting hole It is ignited and expands rapidly, pressure increases rapidly, and then promotes spark to discharge to cylinder body direction.
Further, the air inlet can also accelerate the backflow of mixed gas in cylinder body.The direction of gas backstreaming is substantially Perpendicular to the side wall of diversion division 28, so, the region near the air inlet is exactly the intersection of crossflow and longitudinal air flow, Where being gas amount of flow maximum.Accordingly, as the optimal way of the present embodiment, the end of central electrode is arranged on into air inlet The vicinity in hole 284, in the maximum full out side of gas amount of flow, makes the position of firing tip realize that cylinder fuel is fast in igniting Speed is gathered in firing tip in a large number, and the gas spark lighted can be made in flame again to reach rapidly cylinder body, gas is realized in spark Acceleration backflow in plug cavity and in the cylinder body of combustor, so as to improve the efficiency of combustion of internal combustion engine.And, as this enforcement The optimal way of example, further can arrange air inlet, in guiding gutter 283 to increase gas amount of flow, so as to further improve The speed of gas backstreaming is improving the efficiency of combustion of internal combustion engine.
Further, since protection of the central electrode 21 of the spark plug by diversion division, it is to avoid deposit occur and cause The situation of its corrosion, improves its service life.
Embodiment 2
The spark plug of the present embodiment 2 is roughly the same with embodiment 1, and which differs only in the structure of the diversion division of spark plug It is different.Fig. 5 is referred to, which is the structural representation of the diversion division 38 of the present embodiment 2.The diversion division 38 is column, is set thereon It is equipped with fire jetting hole 382 and guiding gutter 383.Wherein, the fire jetting hole 382 is circle, at the axis of the diversion division 38, and runs through The upper bottom surface of the diversion division 38.The guiding gutter 383 is located on the side wall of the diversion division 38, and through the upper and lower of the diversion division 38 Bottom surface, the guiding gutter 383 are connected with fire jetting hole 382 by the inner chamber of housing.It is by straight cuts punching press shape to guiding gutter 383 Into irregular polygon.The end of the central electrode is extended in the fire jetting hole 382 of the diversion division 38, with the fire jetting hole 382 Inwall as ground electrode, the firing end portion in the gap with spark discharge is formed with central electrode.Equally, the diversion division 38 It is which is fixed on housing by welding procedure.
Guiding gutter in the embodiment had both served the effect that water conservancy diversion is carried out to fuel, while play a part of air inlet, Its directly connect with the bottom surface of diversion division with increase gas to flow area, so as to further by improving the speed of gas backstreaming The efficiency of combustion for spending to improve internal combustion engine.
Embodiment 3
The spark plug of the present embodiment 3 is roughly the same with embodiment 1, and which differs only in the structure of the diversion division of spark plug It is different.Fig. 6 is referred to, which is the structural representation of the diversion division 48 of the present embodiment 3.The diversion division 48 is column, is set thereon It is equipped with fire jetting hole 482, guiding gutter 483 and air inlet 484.The diversion division 48 is to carry out Sheet Metal Forming Technology by the housing to spark plug What process was formed.Wherein, the guiding gutter 483 is cut and be inwardly stamped and formed out by the side wall of the diversion division 48 inner groovy, The guiding gutter 483 is made through the upper bottom surface of the diversion division 48.The fire jetting hole 482 be by guiding gutter 483 inner concave arc surface and lead The side wall in stream portion 48 is constituted, and which runs through at the axis of the diversion division 48, and through the upper bottom surface of the diversion division 48.The water conservancy diversion Groove 483 is connected with fire jetting hole 482 by the inner chamber of housing.The end of the central electrode is located in its housing 26, with housing Wall forms the firing end portion in the gap with spark discharge as ground electrode with central electrode.The firing end portion is close to this and leads The fire jetting hole 482 in stream portion 48.
The present embodiment employs Sheet Metal Forming Technology, directly forms diversion division in itself using the housing of spark plug, can equally reach Improve fuel availability, it is to avoid sedimentation of fuel is on the wall of side, and ensure that the gas amount of flow in spark plug, so as to ensure gas The speed of body backflow is improving the efficiency of combustion of internal combustion engine.As the optimal way of the present embodiment, further in guiding gutter 483 Arrange air inlet 484 to increase the connection area with fire jetting hole, to increase gas amount of flow, so as to further improve gas backstreaming Speed improving the efficiency of combustion of internal combustion engine
Embodiment 4
The spark plug of the present embodiment 4 is roughly the same with embodiment 1, and which differs only in the structure of the diversion division of spark plug It is different.Fig. 7 is referred to, which is the structural representation of the diversion division 58 of the present embodiment 4.The diversion division 58 is column, is set thereon It is equipped with bocca 581, fire jetting hole 582, guiding gutter 583 and air inlet 584.Wherein, the bocca 581 is arranged on the diversion division 58 Towards the end of internal combustion engine cylinders, and the external diameter of the bocca is less than the external diameter of diversion division, is chimney shape.The fire jetting hole 582 At the axis of the diversion division 58, and through the upper bottom surface and bocca 581 of the diversion division 58.The guiding gutter 583 is located at On the side wall of the diversion division 58 and through the upper bottom surface of the diversion division 58, its cross section is arc.The air inlet 584 is located at and leads In chute 583, the guiding gutter 583 is connected with fire jetting hole 582 by the inner chamber and the air inlet 584 of housing simultaneously.In spark plug The end of heart electrode is extended in the fire jetting hole 582 of the diversion division 58, the inwall of the fire jetting hole 582 as ground electrode, with Heart electrode forms the firing end portion in the gap with spark discharge.The diversion division 28 is to make which be fixed on housing by welding procedure On.The outer surface of the central electrode and ground electrode is coated with one layer of noble metal, such as iraurite, to improve the performance of its igniting.
Used as the improved procedure of the present embodiment, the bocca 581 is connected with the end of diversion division by a door, the door It is provided with the through hole (not shown) connected with the fire jetting hole of diversion division.Further, through hole can be also provided with the side wall of the bocca, Further to increase the speed of gas backstreaming exchange.
Compared with Example 1, the diversion division of the present embodiment is by arranging bocca advantageously in the point for improving internal combustion engine Fiery efficiency.Bocca plays stack effect in the spark plug, using pressure reduction by the spark guide cylinder body lighted, now Air-flow is spark plug to cylinder body direction.And the through hole on the guiding gutter of diversion division and air inlet thereon, and bocca tube wall The backflow of mixed gas in cylinder body can be further speeded up.So as to improve the efficiency of combustion of internal combustion engine.
In addition, present invention also offers the ignition system of internal combustion engine using the spark plug.The ignition system of the internal combustion engine Including combustor and spark plug, the combustor includes the cylinder body of a cavity, on the inwall of cylinder body, there is a spark plug to install logical Road, the spark plug are arranged in the spark plug installation passage.Wherein, the structure of the spark plug can be using in above-described embodiment 1~4 Any one spark plug structure, will not be described here.
Above-mentioned embodiment is the invention is not limited in, if the various changes to inventing or deformation are without departing from the present invention's Spirit and scope, if within the scope of these changes and deformation belong to the claim and equivalent technologies of the present invention, then it is of the invention It is also intended to comprising these changes and deforms.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of spark plug, it is characterised in that include
--- insulator, which has the axis hole for extending in the axial direction;
--- central electrode, which is inserted through the axis hole exposed end of the insulator;
--- housing, which is hollow columnar, and the housing is set in the insulator surface;
--- diversion division, which is arranged on the housing towards the outside of the opening of internal combustion engine cylinders, and the diversion division is column, its With a fire jetting hole for running through bottom surface thereon, fire jetting hole aperture in the axial direction everywhere is equal, the side of the diversion division at center Wall is provided with guiding gutter in the axial direction, and the guiding gutter is connected with fire jetting hole;
--- ground electrode, which is arranged on the inwall of housing, or is arranged on the inwall of the fire jetting hole of diversion division, with middle electrocardio The firing end portion in the gap with spark discharge is formed between the end of pole.
2. spark plug according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The diversion division also includes air inlet, and which is arranged on water conservancy diversion On the side wall of the guiding gutter end in portion, and/or it is arranged on guiding gutter, the guiding gutter is connected with fire jetting hole by the air inlet.
3. spark plug according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Upper bottom surface of the guiding gutter through the diversion division, and Connected with fire jetting hole by the cavity of housing.
4. the spark plug according to any claim in claim 1-3, it is characterised in that:The diversion division is also including a spray Nozzles, the bocca are arranged on the diversion division towards the end of internal combustion engine cylinders.
5. spark plug according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:End of the bocca by door with diversion division connects Connect, the door is provided with the through hole connected with the fire jetting hole of diversion division.
6. spark plug according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:The side wall of the bocca is provided with through hole.
7. the spark plug according to any claim in claim 1-3, it is characterised in that:The cross section of the guiding gutter is Arc, or irregular polygon.
8. a kind of ignition system of internal combustion engine, it is characterised in that:Including combustor and spark plug, the combustor includes a cavity Cylinder body, has a spark plug installation passage on the inwall of cylinder body;The spark plug is arranged in the spark plug installation passage, the fire Hua Sai includes:
--- insulator, which has the axis hole for extending in the axial direction;
--- central electrode, which is inserted through the axis hole exposed end of the insulator;
--- housing, which is hollow columnar, and the housing is set in the insulator surface;
--- diversion division, which is arranged on the housing towards the outside of the opening of internal combustion engine cylinders, and the diversion division is column, its With a fire jetting hole for running through bottom surface thereon, fire jetting hole aperture in the axial direction everywhere is equal, the side of the diversion division at center Wall is provided with guiding gutter in the axial direction, and the guiding gutter is connected with fire jetting hole;
--- ground electrode, which is arranged on the inwall of the fire jetting hole of diversion division, is formed and have and the end of central electrode between The firing end portion in the gap of spark discharge.
9. the ignition system of internal combustion engine according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:The diversion division also includes air inlet, its On the side wall of the guiding gutter end for being arranged on diversion division, and/or it is arranged on guiding gutter, the guiding gutter is by the air inlet and spray Fire hole is connected.
10. the ignition system of internal combustion engine according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:The guiding gutter is through the diversion division Upper bottom surface, and connected with fire jetting hole by the cavity of housing.
CN201310368292.XA 2013-08-21 2013-08-21 Spark plug, and ignition system of internal combustion engine using same Active CN104426057B (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201310368292.XA CN104426057B (en) 2013-08-21 2013-08-21 Spark plug, and ignition system of internal combustion engine using same
PCT/CN2013/085119 WO2015024292A1 (en) 2013-08-21 2013-10-12 Spark plug and internal combustion engine ignition system using said spark plug
PCT/CN2014/084840 WO2015024516A1 (en) 2013-08-21 2014-08-20 Spark plug and ignition system of internal combustion engine using same

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201310368292.XA CN104426057B (en) 2013-08-21 2013-08-21 Spark plug, and ignition system of internal combustion engine using same

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CN104426057A CN104426057A (en) 2015-03-18
CN104426057B true CN104426057B (en) 2017-05-10

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CN106549305B (en) * 2015-09-21 2019-02-05 张蝶儿 A kind of spark plug
CN106549307B (en) * 2015-09-21 2019-02-05 张蝶儿 A kind of spark plug
CN106549303B (en) * 2015-09-21 2019-02-05 张蝶儿 A kind of spark plug
CN106549304B (en) * 2015-09-21 2019-02-05 张蝶儿 A kind of spark plug
CN207490303U (en) * 2017-08-08 2018-06-12 应用太空科技有限公司 A kind of spark plug
EP3680618A1 (en) 2019-01-10 2020-07-15 Technische Universität München Method and system for tracking a mobile device
CN112490853A (en) * 2020-11-27 2021-03-12 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 Ignition electric nozzle of engine

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