CN104412262B - For providing the method and apparatus of the service recommendation of task based access control - Google Patents

Abstract

It describes a kind of for providing the method for the service recommendation of task based access control based on semantic.The service recommendation platform of task based access control determines the input for specifying at least one term of the inquiry of at least one task based access control.The service recommendation platform of the task based access control is at least partially based at least one term and determines one or more phrases.The service recommendation platform of the task based access control is at least partially based on the association for one or more responses of the one or more phrase and determines the one or more response for the inquiry of at least one task based access control.

Description

For providing the method and apparatus of the service recommendation of task based access control

Background technique

Service provider and device manufacturer's (for example, wireless, honeycomb etc.), which are constantly faced with, for example to be had by providing The network service and application of competitiveness and be client transmit value and easily challenge.Therefore, the present Internet access of client is a large amount of Service and application library are to complete any number of task.However, in many cases, available service and application are often independently Work, it may require that user individually has found simultaneously using the tasks of multiple services and/or application in combination so as to depend on Call each service and application.This burden may make user far from these services or prevent they find new service or It (could be completed for example, planning and may need to access a variety of travel services, location-based application etc. using to complete particular task Travelling).User is promoted to find and complete using service and application as a result, service provider and device manufacturer are faced with The significant challenge of user task.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, it is necessary to a kind of for example by being recommended using the grammatical relation between user's input and inter-related task with inquiring Service and/or application, and so that user, which inputs the mode that burden minimizes, provides the side that the service/application of task based access control is recommended Method.

According to one embodiment, a kind of method includes at least one determined for specifying the inquiry of at least one task based access control The input of a term.This method further includes being at least partially based at least one term to determine one or more phrases.This method It further comprise the one or more responses and one or more for being at least partially based on the inquiry at least one task based access control The correlation of phrase determines one or more responses of the inquiry at least one task based access control.

According to another embodiment, a kind of device include at least one processor and at least one include one or more The memory of the computer program code of computer program, at least one processor and computer program code are configured as benefit Determine the device for specifying the inquiry of at least one task based access control extremely The input of a few term.The device is also caught to be at least partially based on the determining one or more phrases of at least one term.It should Device is further caught to be at least partially based on one or more responses and one of the inquiry at least one task based access control The correlation of a or multiple phrases determines one or more responses of the inquiry at least one task based access control.

According to another embodiment, a kind of computer readable storage medium includes the one or more of one or more instructions Sequence, when performed by one or more processors, which determine device for specifying at least one The input of at least one term of the inquiry of task based access control.The device is also caught to be at least partially based at least one term true Fixed one or more phrase.The device is further caught to be at least partially based on one of the inquiry at least one task based access control The correlation of a or multiple responses and one or more phrases determining for one of the inquiry of at least one task based access control or Multiple responses.

According to another embodiment, a kind of device includes for determining the inquiry for specifying at least one task based access control The device of the input of at least one term.The device further includes determining one or more for being at least partially based at least one term The device of a phrase.The device further comprises one for being at least partially based on the inquiry for being directed at least one task based access control Or multiple respond with the correlation of one or more phrases determines one or more for the inquiry of at least one task based access control The device of a response.

In addition, being directed to each example embodiment of the invention, can apply the following contents: a kind of method includes facilitating (1) several According to and/or (2) information and/or (3) at least one signal processing and/or it is handled, should (1) data and/or (2) letter Breath and/or (3) at least one signal are based at least partially on the side disclosed in any embodiment of the invention in the application Any one in method (or processing) or any combination (including at least partly being obtained from it).

For each example embodiment of the invention, can also apply the following contents: a kind of method includes facilitating at least one The access of a interface, the interface are configured as allowing to access at least one service, which is configured as Execute any one in the method (or processing) of network or service provider disclosed herein or any combination.

For each example embodiment of the invention, can also apply the following contents: a kind of method include facilitate creation and/or Facilitate at least one device user interface element of modification (1) and/or (2) at least one device user interface function, is somebody's turn to do (1) at least One device user interface element and/or (2) at least one device user interface function are based at least partially on from the application Data caused by one of method or processing disclosed in any embodiment of the invention or any combination and/or information, And/or produced by one of method disclosed in any embodiment of the invention in the application (or processing) or any combination At least one signal.

For each example embodiment of the invention, can also apply the following contents: a kind of method includes creation and/or modification (1) at least one device user interface element and/or (2) at least one device user interface function, should (1) at least one equipment User interface element and/or (2) at least one device user interface function are based at least partially on from the application about this hair Data and/or information caused by one of method disclosed in bright any embodiment (or processing) or any combination, and/or from Caused by one of method disclosed in any embodiment of the invention in the application (or processing) or any combination at least One signal.

In each example embodiment, this method (or processing) can be complete in service provider side or mobile device side At, or completed between service provider and mobile device using the movement executed in two sides in a shared manner.

By simply to including it is expected execute optimal mode of the invention including multiple specific embodiments and embodiment party Formula is illustrated, and the still other method of the present invention, feature and advantage will be due to described in detail below but obvious easily. The present invention can also be other and different embodiments, and its several details can be modified in multiple obvious schemes, and Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, drawing and description will be considered it and substantially be illustrative rather than limitation Property.

Detailed description of the invention

In the diagram of attached drawing by example rather than limitation the embodiment of the present invention is illustrated:

Fig. 1 is the diagram according to the system of the service recommendation for being capable of providing task based access control of one embodiment；

Fig. 2 is the diagram according to the component of the service recommendation platform of the task based access control of one embodiment；

Fig. 3 is the diagram according to the semantic model of one embodiment；

Fig. 4 is the process according to the processing of the service recommendation for providing task based access control based on semantic of one embodiment Figure；

Fig. 5 is the stream according to the processing for the service recommendation creation semantic model for task based access control of one embodiment Cheng Tu；

Fig. 6 is the process according to the processing for the inquiry based on semantic model construction task based access control of one embodiment Figure；

Fig. 7 is the processing that service recommendation is determined according to the result for the inquiry for task based access control of one embodiment Flow chart；

Fig. 8 A and 8B be according to various embodiments, the diagram of user interface employed in processing in Fig. 1-7；

Fig. 9 is the user interface according to the service recommendation parsed for rendering from task solution of one embodiment Diagram；

Figure 10 is the diagram that can be used to implement the hardware of the embodiment of the present invention；

Figure 11 is the diagram that can be used to implement the chipset of the embodiment of the present invention；And

Figure 12 is the diagram that can be used to implement the mobile terminal (for example, mobile phone) of the embodiment of the present invention.

Specific embodiment

It discloses for providing the method, apparatus of service recommendation and showing for computer program of task based access control based on semantic Example.In the following description, for illustrative purposes, multiple details are given in order to provide to the comprehensive of the embodiment of the present invention Understand.Equally match it is apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that these no details can be done or utilized Form is set to practice the embodiment of the present invention.In other examples, known features and equipment are shown in block diagram form to avoid right The embodiment of the present invention causes unnecessary to obscure.

Fig. 1 is the diagram according to the system of the service recommendation for being capable of providing task based access control of one embodiment.The institute as before It discusses, user is frequently necessary to service in its daily life to help them to solve the problems, such as or execute task.As an example, There may be the hundreds of applications for covering various available services in each application shop.In these services and/or application Many can be serviced as the good tool of user.However, in many cases, user is possible must be hundreds and thousands of Useful application and service in select or find by hand these services to solve the problems, such as or execute task.

In addition, user is frequently desired to know how processing task or solve the problems, such as.For handling task or solving the problems, such as Instruction may be the sequence of things or step, and most of existing services are all designed to meet one of demand.Therefore, single A application or service may be insufficient for the specific needs of user because certain problems or task may need it is several service or Using being combined.In addition, the semanteme or target of user be not by normally appropriate when interacting with equipment with appointed task Kind description, which results in unsatisfactory performance (for example, incoherent service recommendations).

The information solved the problems, such as can be provided on how as another problem, such as service of search engine etc, but It is that the tool (for example, using or service) solved the problems, such as possible be not provided.For example, search knowledge base (for example, eHow.com) It is capable of providing the instruction list of the query task for completing, but query result is not provided or linked to and refers to for executing this The tool (for example, service and/or application) for the step of enabling.Therefore, user may have to take further step to be directed to Its specific requirements finds suitable tool.The mode of this search and discovery service and/or application is inefficient.

In order to solve these problems, the system 100 of Fig. 1 is introduced is obtained based on the term or inquiry inputted from user Semanteme and the ability of the service recommendation of task based access control is provided.In one embodiment, system 100 uses for example according to towards knowing Semantic model constructed by the database or corpus (corpus) of knowledge and provide inquiry and be automatically performed processing.As an example, The term or parameter that system 100 determines task based access control according to input of the user in inquiry request field are (for example, word or word Group).In one example, phrase or input are can be created or be completed the service for being directed to task based access control by the processing of system 100 Or the brief input (for example, 2-3 word) more completely inquired recommended.

In one embodiment, phrase (for example, noun-verb pairing) can with before determined by according to using The phrase or pairing that abundant semantic knowledge base is modeled match.For example, the inquiry that user is intended to may be additional by having Represented by the form of semantic " verb+noun ".Although discussing note that being matched about verb-noun to each embodiment, But institute it is foreseen that, each embodiment as described herein can also be applied to any other speech part (for example, modification Language, preposition etc.) and any number of term (for example, be only pairing compared with three or more) phrase.In a reality It applies in example, system 100 is parsed by using the dependence of available knowledge base and modeled to verb-noun relationship.Change sentence It talks about, verb-noun pairing is to be based on which verb and noun (or other terms) in knowledge base the most continually together with that This occurs or occurs together.For example, verb " plan " can be indicated with the pairing of knowledge base (for example, eHow.com database) (plan) is most often matched with noun " travel " (travelling).Therefore, if user has input noun in inquiry field " travel ", then system 100 can determine that the noun most often carries out pairing and according to the first of " travel " with verb " plan " Begin to input the inquiry being automatically performed as " plan travel " (plan travelling).In one embodiment, for the response of inquiry The identified correlation responded between phrase (for example, verb-noun pairing) before (for example, instruction and service) is potentially based on Property determines.

In one embodiment, system 100 can be at least partially based on the situation or feelings of the mobile device of user or user Border determines phrase.In other words, system 100 can determine the situation (for example, position, time, activity, history etc.) of user simultaneously And appropriate phrase is found out to be automatically performed the inquiry of the task based access control of the user based on the situation of user.For example, relative to work Situation, a verb-noun pairing may be applied when user is in family's situation.In this way, the related base of user It can be determined by query semantics and user's situation in the intention of the inquiry of task, and user's situation can be by user equipment Sensor automatically determine.In addition, query semantics/target of user is understood by system 100 and by contextual information and semanteme Model is supported.

In one embodiment, system 100 execute as generate as above described in each embodiment based on The inquiry of task.The inquiry for example enables system 100 to provide instruction (for example, knowledge based library) for user and service/answer To solve the problems, such as or complete the associated task of inquiry with task based access control.As previously discussed, from the task based access control Inquiry determined by instruction or it is other response can be for completes instruct the step of things or step sequence.For example, The instruction is provided by knowledge base (for example, eHow.com) and the service or application by application shop and/or generally use Web services (for example, hotel reservation, travel agent, taxi, dining room, shopping, appointment, work headhunting service etc.) are provided.

In one embodiment, system 100 allows users to the combination that service is selected from the set of service recommended To complete task or solve the problems, such as.In another embodiment, system 100 allow users to recommend their own service or Using to complete task.The recommendation can be subsequently used to determine subsequent recommendation.In one embodiment, recommend their own The option of service can be in the case where recommending or in the service recommendation for being less than number of thresholds for special services are not available When be presented to user.

In one embodiment, system 100 allows users to input keyword relevant to task and passes through utilization Dependence network be user recommend one or more of the other word so as to make task description be semantically it is complete (for example, Verb-noun pairing).Task based access control description, system 100 can by using knowledge base (for example, wikiHow, eHow etc.) with And the situation or situation (for example, user is selected under similar situation using what knowledge) of user recommend to be sought with user The accurate matched solution looked for.Based on the solution, all essential services can by using user situation or Situation (for example, quality and ability of the service that user is used to the service of selection and user was understood in the past) and be provided to User is for selection.

As shown in Figure 1, system 100 includes that one or more user equipment (UE) 101a-101n (is also collectively referred to as UE 101), there is the connection to the service recommendation platform 103 of task based access control via communication network 105.In one embodiment, As discussed about each embodiment as described herein, the service recommendation platform 103 of task based access control is based on inputting from inquiry Or the semantic of phrase determined by parameter (for example, verb-noun pairing) provides the service recommendation of task based access control.Implement at one In example, the phrase or verb-noun pairing are determined and store in semantic model database 107.In one embodiment, Semantic model in database 107 is based on from one or more knowledge base 109a-109m (being also collectively referred to as knowledge base 109) institutes The term of parsing or the dependence network of word.As an example, one or more knowledge bases 109 include with complete specific tasks or Solve the problems, such as relevant information.The knowledge information can be supplied by outsourcing, service provider, content supplier etc..One In a embodiment, knowledge base 109 can be by providing instruct or the set of step to be based on associated with task or problem The inquiry of task makes a response.

In one embodiment, the inquiry of phrase and the generated task based access control to knowledge base 109 can at least portion Divide and is believed based on (for example, collected from respective sensor 111a-111n (also referred to collectively as sensor 111) by UE 101) situation Breath.In addition, the service recommendation platform 103 of task based access control can also be at least partially based on the contextual information to determine service recommendation. Sensor 111 is for example including the sensor for measuring any contextual parameter, such as position sensor (for example, GPS), light sensing Device, accelerometer, position sensor, environmental sensor etc..In yet another embodiment, phrase, inquiry, service recommendation etc. may be used also To be based on subscriber information message (for example, being stored in user profile database 113).User profile database 113 for example can be with Store characteristic associated with the user, preference etc..The data information can be used to determine service recommendation for user.At one In embodiment, system 100 is selected from available service 115a-115k (also referred to collectively as servicing 115).For example, service 115 can To be any service that can be accessed through web that can be obtained by communication network 105.In one embodiment, service 115 can It is accessed by application 117a-117n (also referred to collectively as applying 117) or cooperates to work to provide for UE 101 therewith Service executes task.In some embodiments, application 117 is for via one or more application shop 119a-119j downloading To UE.

In one embodiment, system 100 be at least partially based on for task based access control inquiry institute it is received response and it is true Determine service recommendation.For example, the inquiry of task based access control can the semanteme based on relational language or word in a kind of example use situation The phrase with specified such as " plan travelling " is specified or are automatically performed to model or semantic dependency relational network (for example, verb-name Word pairing).System 100 is then able to search for knowledge base 109 for document relevant to plan travelling.These documents for example may be used To include the instruction or step for completing the document.In one embodiment, system 100 is to the phrase in the instruction or step (for example, verb-noun pairing) is parsed to be completed each instruction or step and which to recommend service 111 to determine.

In one embodiment, UE 101 includes corresponding task client 121a-121n (also referred to collectively as task client 121) it, is used to execute in UE 101 and determines associated function with the inquiry of task based access control and service.As an example, when with Line configuration is when being operated, and task client 121 can determine that inquiry inputs and is sent to the service of task based access control and push away Platform 103 is recommended to be handled.In the embodiment that wherein task client 121 is operated with off-line mode, task visitor Family end 121 can use the semantic model from database 107 and/or the subscriber data from database 113 is configured and Enable all or part of functions described in each embodiment about the service recommendation platform 103 of task based access control by task Performed by client 121.

As an example, the communication network 105 of system 100 includes one or more networks, such as data network, wireless network Network, telephone network or their any combination.Local area network (LAN), Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) can be arbitrary by predicting data network (MAN), wide area network (WAN), public data network (for example, internet), small scale wireless network or any other appropriate point Group exchange network, such as all private packet switching network of business, such as private cable or fiber optic network etc. or it is any Combination.In addition, wireless network for example can be cellular network and can be using various technology, including universe evolution enhancing data Rate (EDGE), general packet radio service (GPRS), global system for mobile communications (GSM), internet protocol multi-media subsystem System (IMS), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) etc. and any other appropriate wireless medium, such as Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave access are mutual Operability (WiMAX), long term evolution (LTE) network, CDMA (CDMA), wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA), wireless fidelity (WiFi), Wireless LAN (WLAN),, Internet protocol (IP) data broadcasting, satellite, mobile ad-hoc network Or any combination thereof (MANET) etc..

UE 101 is any type of mobile terminal, fixed terminal or portable terminal, including cell phone, stand, unit, Equipment, multimedia computer, multimedia plate, internet node, communicator, desktop computer, laptop computer, notebook meter Calculation machine, netbook computer, tablet computer, PCS Personal Communications System (PCS) equipment, personal navigation equipment, personal digital assistant (PDA), audio/video player, digital camera/video camera, positioning device, television receiver, radio broadcast receiver, electricity Philosophical works equipment, game station perhaps accessory and peripheral hardware or any combination thereof of any combination thereof including these equipment.Also predict To UE 101 can support any type of interface (" wearable " circuit etc.) for user.

As an example, the service recommendation platform 103 of UE 101, task based access control, task client 121, service 115 and application Shop 119 using known, new or still communicated with each other in the agreement of research and development, and with other components of communication network 105 into Row communication.In context herein, agreement includes how the network node defined in communication network 105 is based on communication link The regular collection that transmitted information interacts with one another.Agreement is effectively, from life in the different operation level of each node At with receive various types of physical signals to the link selected for transmitting those signals, to information indicated by those signals Format, to identification computer system on which software application for executing send or receive information.For being believed by network exchange The conceptually different protocol levels of breath are described in open system interconnection (OSI) reference model.

Communication between network node is usually carried out by exchanging discrete data grouping.Each grouping generally includes (1) header information associated with specific protocol, and (2) follow after header information and include can be independently of specific The payload information that agreement is handled.In some agreements, grouping includes that (3) follow after payload and indicate The footer information that payload information terminates.Header includes the letter for being such as grouped source, its destination, payload length etc Other attributes used in breath and agreement.In general, the data in the payload of specific protocol include and OSI Reference Model The header and payload of the associated different agreement of different higher levels.Specific protocol is indicated generally in its payload and is wrapped The type of the next agreement contained.Higher level protocol is considered as being encapsulated among lower-level protocols.As OSI Reference Model defines , it traverses header included in the grouping of multiple heterogeneous networks of such as internet and generally includes physics (the 1st layer) header, number According to link (the 2nd layer) header, internet (the 3rd layer) header and transmission (the 4th layer) header and various application (the 5th layer, the 6th Layer and the 7th layer) header.

In one embodiment, the service recommendation platform 103 of task based access control and task client 121 are according to client-clothes Business device model interacts.Note that the client-server model of computer disposal interaction is known extensively and uses.Root According to client-server model, it includes the message requested that client process is sent to server process, and server process is logical The service of offer is crossed to be responded.Server process can also utilize the response to client process and return to message.Often, client End processing and server process execute in the different computer equipments of referred to as host, and are used for network using one or more The agreement of communication and communicated via network.Term " server " be generally used to refer to provide service processing or this at Manage the host computer operated on it.Similarly, term " client " is generally used to refer to the processing made requests Or the host computer that the processing is operated on it.As used herein, unless it is clear from context it is further noted that Otherwise term " client " and " server " refer to processing rather than host computer.In addition, apart from the others, for include can By property, scalability and redundancy during the reason of interior, processing performed by server can be broken down into multiple main frames (sometimes referred to as Make layer) on multiple processing run.

Fig. 2 is the diagram according to the component of the service recommendation platform 103 of the task based access control of one embodiment.As an example, The service recommendation platform 103 of task based access control includes for one or more groups based on the semantic service recommendation for providing task based access control Part.Although it will be appreciated that, the function of these components can be combined in one or more components or by identical functions other Component executes.In this embodiment, the service recommendation platform of task based access control includes control logic 201, semantic model building mould Block 203, input determining module 205, the enquiry module 207 of task based access control, service recommendation module 209 and subscriber interface module 211.

In one embodiment, control logic 201 is executed for one based on the semantic service recommendation for providing task based access control A or polyalgorithm.Control logic 201 is for example interacted with semantic model building module 203 to be at least partially based on and appear in Phrase (for example, verb-noun pairing) and generation or training semantic model in handled knowledge base 109.Implement at one In example, semantic model constructs module 203 and executes dependence analysis to one or more documents of knowledge base 109.The document example As included title or metadata and to be executed to complete the sequence of the movement of task.In example use situation, the mark Topic and/or metadata solve or identify problem to be solved or task to be done in the document；And action sequence is Relating to how to the step of executing the task or instruction.There is no title or metadata or title or metadata not in the document Fully describe solve the problems, such as or task to be done in the case where, semantic model construct module 203 can be in whole or in part Ground executes the dependence parsing of document content.

In one embodiment, dependence, which parses, determines verb-noun dependence or is found to be higher than predetermined true Confidence level, associated dependence or one or more terms.Part or speech used in phrase are (for example, dynamic Word, noun, preposition etc.) it for example can be depending on the language and/or grammer associated with the language of used word.For example, In English, verb-noun dependence is used to model the semanteme of knowledge base 109.In one embodiment, verb- Noun pairing or phrase can be used to carry out ranking to potential matching.The example of semantic model in further detail below into Row description.

After constructing semantic model, the user that input determining module 205 receives one or more terms (for example, word) is defeated Enter the inquiry as initial task based access control.For example, user can input one or only several words are automatic complete to be directed to The other term or parameter used when the inquiry of entire task based access control is being constructed at processing or determination is carried out.In a reality It applies in example, the enquiry module 207 of input determining module 205 and task based access control, which is interacted, provides initial query to determine or recommend Related term.For example, task based access control is looked into the case that the phrase in semantic model generated is verb-noun pairing It askes module 207 and matches initial input term (for example, noun or verb) to be configured to other terms with centering Initiate the verb-noun pairing of the inquiry of task based access control.In this way, the enquiry module 207 of task based access control is based on semantic mould Type and enrich initial query input understanding.In one embodiment, the enquiry module 207 of task based access control can also at least portion Divide based on scene associated with the user or situation information come abundant inquiry or determining appropriate semantic model.

In one embodiment, the enquiry module 207 of task based access control is then able to hold for one or more knowledge bases 109 Row or implement determined by task based access control inquiry, with determine be used to complete task or solve it is associated with the inquiry of task based access control The problem of the step of or movement sequence.For example, the enquiry module 207 of task based access control can based on response whether be associated with it is true It is set to the semantic phrase of a part of the verb-noun pairing or phrase in the inquiry of task based access control (for example, verb-noun is matched It is right) and determine one or more responses for the inquiry of the task based access control (for example, for completing task from knowledge base 109 Instruction).

In one embodiment, the enquiry module 207 of task based access control is interacted with service recommendation module 209, to recommend The service 115 for the movement or sequence of steps in response that enquiry module 207 for completing task based access control is returned.With this side Formula, the service recommendation platform 103 of task based access control can provide instruction and service for executing task or solving the problems, such as user. In one embodiment, which is provided by knowledge base 109 (for example, eHow.com).Similarly, answering for service 115 is supported It is provided with 117 by application shop 119.In addition, service 115 may include the one or more depending on being executed for task Web services (for example, hotel reservation, travel agent etc.).In one embodiment, subscriber interface module 211 generates one or more A user interface for being used to present instruction together with service recommendation.The example at such interface hereinafter beg for by further progress By.

Fig. 3 is the diagram according to the semantic model of one embodiment.In the example of fig. 3, semantic model be based on mainly by Verb-noun matches composed phrase.In various embodiments, system 100 is (for example, via the semantic model structure of platform 103 Model the service recommendation platform 103 of the task based access control of block 203) document in knowledge base 109 is handled to create assessment base In the semantic model of the inquiry input of task.For example, the title of the document in knowledge base 109 (for example, eHow.com) is usually Oriented mission and be provided with syntax and semantics.Therefore, in one embodiment, title of the system 100 to each document It is assessed to execute dependence and parse and constructing semantic model 300.Note, however, additionally or alternatively, system 100 dependences for being able to carry out entire document parse and generative semantics model 300.

As an example, a part as dependence parsing, the service recommendation platform 103 of task based access control extracts knowledge base The pairing of all verb-nouns and/or dependence in 109 document.In some embodiments, platform 103 can also calculate The strength of association of verb-noun pairing is to construct the dependence network of semantic model 300 or semantic model 300.At another In embodiment, platform 103 can also the other parts (for example, preposition) to speech or term be marked with for verb-name Word pairing or phrase determine additional semantic meaning.

As shown in figure 3, semantic model 300 includes dependence network 309, which includes four kinds of nodes: Verb node 301a-301d (also referred to collectively as verb node 301), noun node 303a-303b (also referred to collectively as noun node 303), preposition node 305a-305b (also referred to collectively as preposition node 305) and domain node 307a-307e (also referred to collectively as domain node 307).As an example, verb node 301 indicates the term or word as verb, such as " repair " (repairing).In one embodiment In, verb node 301 is connected to noun node 303.Similarly, noun node 303 indicates the term or word as noun, such as " vehicle " (vehicle).Noun node 303 is generally attached to verb node 301 to form verb-noun pairing, such as " repair vehicle " (repairs vehicle).

In one embodiment, preposition node 305 can indicate the preposition of connection verb and noun.For example, preposition " off " It can be with catenative verb " pay " and noun " ticket " to generate verb-preposition-noun grouping " pay off ticket " (payment Ticket fee).In one embodiment, preposition node 305 is optional, because for the dependence between transitive verb and noun For and be not present preposition.

In one embodiment, domain node 307 indicates the particular phrase fallen into the predetermined domain in knowledge base 109 or dynamic Dependence between word-noun pairing.As an example, predetermined domain is can be used to divide Knowledge based engineering document The classification of group.In one embodiment, domain can indicate specific topic domain, automobile, household items etc..For example, if Dependence between " buy " (purchase) and " car " (automobile) only exists among domain " car " in knowledge base 109, then platform 103 can increase domain node 307 for the relationship to indicate the domain car.

In one embodiment, domain node 307 be it is optional and be intended to for one or only for several domains may It is that unique verb-noun pairing or phrase are sorted out.For example, only being only occurred in one or two domain in dependence When, platform 103 will add domain node 307 to describe verb noun pairing.Otherwise, (for example, for domain >=3 for), put down Platform 103 does not introduce domain node 307 for example and causes confusion to avoid to semantic model 300.It although it will be appreciated that, the threshold value in domain can be by It is set as any number or is not forced completely.In the case where no domain threshold value, platform 103, which is able to record, be can be applied to All domains of specific verb-noun pairing or phrase.

In a kind of example use situation, document or knowledge base 109 (for example, eHow.com) are crawled, with identification Document Title and/or document content.Based on the identification to document, document is divided by platform 103 indicates such as automobile, pet & The predetermined domain of any number of classification of animal, household maintenance etc..In this example, each document is comprising title and in order to complete At the sequence of task action which be to be.Typically, title is clearly solved in the document aiming at the problem that or performed Task.As mentioned before, the step of action sequence is relating to how to execute task described in document.As crawling A part, platform 103 executes dependence analysis to document to extract and model and can most represent the verb-noun of the document and match Pair or task or movement in other phrases and the document.Dependence parsing is subsequently formed at as described herein each The basis of language model 300 is used in embodiment.

Fig. 4 be according to one embodiment, service recommendation for providing task based access control based on semantic processing it is general The flow chart of condition.In one embodiment, the service recommendation platform 103 of task based access control executes processing 400 and is for example including Implement in the chipset of processor and memory as shown in figure 11.Additionally or alternatively, task client 121 can be with Execute all or part of processing 400.

In step 401, platform 103 receives the input of the inquiry of specified task based access control from user.The input is for example including extremely Lack the term for being related to the inquiry of task based access control.Typically, the term or word are the phrase (examples of the inquiry for task based access control Such as, verb-noun matches) a part, the inquiry of the task based access control can be automatically performed based on semanteme.In this example, exist In the case where given user's input, which fills the inquiry of the task based access control using the semantic model of word dependence network Relational language (step 403).For example, if the inquiry that platform 103 is desired based on task includes that at least one verb-noun is matched Pair and user only have input this match centering a term, then platform 103 can be handled for semantic model the term with Determine that inputted term is most possibly associated with which other term.Processing, 103 energy of platform are automatically performed based on the inquiry The inquiry of complete task based access control is enough constructed using minimum input from the user.

In step 405, platform 103 be directed to one or more knowledge bases 109 execute the inquiry of constructed task based access control with Determine inquiry response, which provides for the task in the inquiry and possible solution.In one embodiment, from One or more solution sources of such as knowledge base 109 receive the solution (step 407).In some embodiments, The platform can determine that situation or the situation of user possible solution (step 409) to provide for requested task. As an example, the solution can be presented that and determine from knowledge base 109 or what is obtained in other ways looks into for user Document (the step 411) seen.

In one embodiment, platform 103 can enable a user to be edited (step to the solution presented 413).For example, if user has found interchangeable solution/movement or has found mistake in the solution, User can edit the document.User edits and the solution revised can be fed back to knowledge base 109 so as to Carry out the update of knowledge base 109.

After determining solution, it includes the solution that platform 103, which is handled the solution to determine, Individual actions or step and recommend appropriate service/application (step 415) for completing the movement or step.In a reality It applies in example, platform 103 retrieval application or service letter on such as one or more application source of service and/or application shop 119 Cease (step 417).In step 419, platform 103 using the application or information on services as the movement of solution or step at Reason is to provide service recommendation.In one embodiment, which verb-application or the processing of information on services for example can include determining that Noun pairing or phrase and specific application service best match or it are described.Then, by by application/service Verb-noun is matched to be compared with the pairing of the verb-noun of the inquiry of task based access control, and platform 103 can determine one or more A service recommendation is to be presented to the user.

421, platform 103 allow users to suggestion or recommendation service with the specific action or step in solution It is associated.For example, user can specify the service for being able to carry out the movement if not identifying service for specific action Or application.In addition, if user performs another service or application other than platform 103 is recommended, then user can also be with Specify the service or application.The information for the service that relevant user is recommended is then able to be provided to application source (for example, service 115, application shop 119) to improve the subsequent recommendation for the user or other similar users.

Fig. 5 is the stream according to the processing for the service recommendation creation semantic model for task based access control of one embodiment Cheng Tu.In one embodiment, the service recommendation platform 103 of task based access control executes processing 500 and is including for example such as Figure 11 Shown in processor and memory chipset in implement.Additionally or alternatively, task client 121 can execute place The all or part of reason 500.

In step 501, platform 103 causes the parsing to one or more knowledge bases 109 at least partly to determine one Or multiple semantic models, at least one dependence network or a combination thereof.Based on the parsing (for example, dependence parsing), Platform 103 is at least partially based at least one dependence network and at least partly causes one or more semantic models Building.

In step 503, in one embodiment, platform 103 be at least partially based at least one term, it is one or more its One or more grammatical relations between its term or a combination thereof determine at least one dependence network.The grammatical relation It can be based on the language used in document.For example, can determine extracted each term from document for English Between verb-noun relationship.In other words, it is found in the phrase that dependence network matches such as verb-noun Relationship between term or word is modeled.For example, the relationship between term can be with word-based jointly in the document of knowledge base 109 The frequency of middle appearance identifies.Since base is associated in syntax grammer, so semantic meaning can be obtained from the association. As previously discussed, other terms or word (for example, preposition) can be used to syntax based on corresponding language and grammer come Characterize verb-noun relationship or phrase.

In step 505, platform 103 can determine the intensity of dependence provided in semantic model.For example, for dynamic Each relationship between other terms between word and noun or in language model, platform 103 being capable of the computational representation relationships And represent the score of the importance of the relationship.In one embodiment, for the relationship C from verb A to noun B, C's Relationship strength indicates noun B for the importance of verb A.Therefore, in one embodiment, which is being known based on A and B Know the ratio of the number and A that occur in library 109 about any noun N number occurred.In this case, platform 103 will It is inferred to higher level of significance between the height ratio instruction A and B matched about specific A-B.

In one embodiment, the intensity of relationship be used to determine only provide term in the pairing or phrase or word it One or subset in the case where most probable provide the pairing of which verb-noun or phrase.In some embodiments, dependence is strong Degree can depend on the situation of user, so that platform 103 can be incited somebody to action when determining the service recommendation of task based access control for the user Among the situation of user accounts for.

In step 507, platform 103 determine for knowledge base 109 with the presence or absence of it is one or more update (for example, it is new or Whether updated document has been added to knowledge base 109).When detecting update, 103 return step 501 of platform so that It is at least partly based on one or more update and at least partly causes one or more semantic models, at least one dependence net The update of network or a combination thereof.

Fig. 6 is the process according to the processing for the inquiry based on semantic model construction task based access control of one embodiment Figure.In one embodiment, the service recommendation platform 103 of task based access control executes processing 600 and is including for example such as Figure 11 institute Implement in the chipset of the processor and memory that show.Additionally or alternatively, task client 121 can execute processing 600 all or part.

In step 601, platform 103 determines the defeated of at least one term for specifying the inquiry of at least one task based access control Enter.In one embodiment, which can be phrase or verb-noun matches the term or word of centering.Platform 103 is subsequent It is at least partially based at least one term and determines one or more phrases.In one embodiment, the term or word be at least Part includes verb, noun, preposition, domain or a combination thereof.The term or word are then combined into one or more in step 603 Phrase, the phrase can at least partly include one or more verb-noun pairings.For example, platform 103 can be by input term The dependence network of described semantic model before with such as use and the phrase modeled from knowledge base 109 carry out Match.Platform 103 can then present or recommend one or more possible verb-noun pairings or phrase for selection by the user. After user has selected at least one verb-noun to match, platform 103 will be matched based on selected verb-noun come structure Make the inquiry of task based access control.

In step 605, platform 103 be at least partially based on the correlation of one or more responses and one or more phrases and Determine one or more responses of the inquiry at least one task based access control.In one embodiment, which rings It should indicate the solution or instruction of the request task for completing.While the dependence parsing for carrying out knowledge base 109, Platform 103 can for example be handled document to determine which verb-noun pairing can characterize described in respective document Particular solution.The verb-noun pairing of inquiry can then be matched with the verb-noun for being associated with solution and be carried out Matching, the solution that present or recommend to user with determination.In other words, platform 103 at least partly causes to one Or at least part of multiple responses is parsed, to determine the appearance information of one or more phrases or verb-noun pairing (for example, frequency or number that the phrase occurs in the response).Respond the choosing with the correlation of phrase and possible solution Information can be occurred based on this by selecting.

In one embodiment, which reflects the similar of response or search result and the semanteme of inquiry or phrase Degree.For example, giving M search result, for each solution i (l≤i≤M), platform 103 can find N number of user, N number of user and active user have maximum similarity and are used for for solution given by active user And ranking is carried out to it.Platform 103 is then able to calculate the ranking of the solution are as follows:

Therefore each response or solution can carry out ranking and be presented to the user according to score calculated.

In one embodiment, platform 103 also determines associated with input contextual information, associated with input sets User standby, associated with equipment or a combination thereof.The contextual information can be used for determining that the situation or situation (example of user Such as, family, work, amusement etc.), this influences whether that kind of solution or service recommendation is presented to user.For example, not The energy such as the correlation between same phrase (verb-noun pairing), the corresponding of inquiry for task based access control, phrase and solution Enough depend on the contextual information.

Fig. 7 is the processing that service recommendation is determined according to the result for the inquiry for task based access control of one embodiment Flow chart.In one embodiment, the service recommendation platform 103 of task based access control executes processing 700 and is including for example as schemed Implement in the chipset of processor and memory shown in 11.Additionally or alternatively, task client 121 can execute The all or part of processing 700.Processor 700 assumes that platform 103 has been completed the base for being directed to user based on semanteme One or more responses or the processing 600 of solution have been determined in the inquiry of task.

In step 701, platform 103 determine for complete inquiry at least one task based access control it is associated at least one One or more instructions of task, wherein one or more response at least partly includes that the one or more instructs.For example, with Can be parsed from one or more response in instruction, solution, the movement etc. for completing particular task (for example, in response to The knowledge database documents of inquiry).

In step 703, platform 103 for executing the one or more of one or more instructions it is later determined that service.As Example, one or more response can at least partly include that the one or more services or lead to one or more service Link.In one embodiment, platform 103 can recommend solution according to being similar in the step 603 using processing 600 Described processing is to determine institute's recommendation service for completing task or instruction.For example, platform 103 can will be with task based access control The pairing of inquiry associated verb-noun or phrase matched with the phrase for describing potential service or applying.It is given to be mentioned The M of each instruction of solution or step matched service out, platform 103 find out N number of user, N number of user with work as Preceding user has maximum similarity and is used for respective service and carries out ranking to it.For example, being directed to each service i (l ≤ i≤M), platform 103 generates rank score as follows:

Service recommendation is then able to be presented to user based on the rank score.

In one embodiment, the service recommended is from such as application shop 119 and/or the application source of service 115 etc It provides.As an example, the application in these application sources can be searched according to their description.In one embodiment, it services Or reference format can be used using description and be described, such as web service description language (WSDL) or extensible markup language (XML)。

Therefore, in step 705, which makes associated with linking for one or more services determined above is led to One or more responses, one or more instructions or a combination thereof are presented.In one embodiment, platform 103 can It determines feedback information or is manually entered, be used to specify the correlation between any phrase, response, instruction, inquiry and response, refer to Enable, service or combinations thereof.For example, platform 103 allows users to check service recommendation, service recommendation is modified, which is defined and is pushed away Recommending should be presented, recommend to other people, etc..In other words, once user identifies desired solution or clothes Business is recommended, which can carry out ranking, editor, comment and/or evaluation to the solution or recommendation.In addition, user's energy It enough adds the user and thinks valuable other application or solution.If user is added to application or service, platform 103 is just Current queries (for example, phrase or verb-noun match) can be extended to one of the label of application or solution.With this Mode, platform 103 are able to use feedback information to improve following recommendation.

In yet another embodiment, platform 103 allows users to the solution that will be recommended and service saves as meter It draws.User is then able to access the plan during the completion of task, task step etc. to refer to.

Fig. 8 A and 8B are the diagrams of the user interface employed in the processing of Fig. 1-7 according to various embodiments.More Body, Fig. 8 A and 8B gives wherein user using each embodiment that the service recommendation of task based access control as described herein is handled Plan the use situation travelled to destination (for example, New York).As shown in the user interface (UI) 801 in Fig. 8 A, use Family can simply type inquiry input term 803 " travelling ", and system 100 can be determined by presenting from inquiry input The pairing of matched verb-noun list 805 and complete the anticipated input of user.For example, more than verb-noun pairing use The dependence network of described semantic model is determined.

In this example, user has selected " plan travelling " this verb-noun pairing to initiate for from solution party The inquiry of the corresponding solution in case source 807 (for example, knowledge base 109).In one embodiment, platform 103 was by should Verb-noun pairing is equal to verb-noun pairing progress with what is be marked for the solution (for example, knowledge document) Match to inquire solution.It is searched in addition, platform 103 is able to use contextual information 809 related to user to improve solution Rope is with the ranking for providing possible solution and/or sequence to recommend to user.

Identified solution is presented in UI 811.As shown, the solution is according to for the dynamic of inquiry Word-noun pairing best match carries out ranking.In this example, user has selected how the recommendation solution on top " is counted Scratch New York ".Based on the selection, platform 103 it is contemplated that user present case (for example, be located at Washington D.C., 30 years old male IT practitioners) to determine what composite service will be the execution task (for example, New York is removed in plan) will need Or application.For example, platform 103 can search for application source 813 (for example, application shop 119 and/or service 115) to identify or push away Recommend the service and/or application of the individual step for completing the task.

Referring now to Fig. 8 B, UI 821 presents the list for planning to go movement or the instruction of New York.This In the case of, which includes four steps: (1) making a reservation for your air ticket；(2) predetermined hotel；(3) it hires a car；(4) meal is looked for The Room.UI 821, which is additionally provided, to be checked to execute the option 823 for the service that each step of the solution is recommended.It is selected in selection When item 823,103 presentation user of platform executes the recommendation service list that the movement of the solution may need.As an example, UI 825 can be presented the icon linked to using for downloading or being executed in the case where the application has been downloaded.UI 825 further include the option 827 for adding service in the case where service is recommended not yet for user.UI 825 additionally provides option 829 are planned with saving as the solution and the application/service linked for subsequent reference.UI 831 depicts presentation Save the picture of plan, which includes the general introduction of instruction and adjoint simultaneously lead to for completing the task in the works The link of service/application.

Fig. 9 is the user interface according to the service recommendation parsed for rendering from task solution of one embodiment Diagram.As shown in figure 9, platform 103 has determined that solution 901, present for completing " how to plan travelling peace Six instructions or movement of this task of row ".In order to which determining for each step or recommendation service, the platform instruct this six Each of parsed with determine provide semantic meaning phrase (for example, verb-noun pairing, verb-preposition-noun Grouping etc.) appearance to determine related service.For example, platform 103 has identified phrase in the step 1 of solution 901 " post office " and " application passport ".Based on these phrases, the inquiry of task based access control identifies that passport or Web service flow are used as and has been used for At the optimal service of step 1.Similarly, for remaining each step, platform 103 identifies phrase appropriate and corresponding clothes Business.The list of movement and service for completing those movements constitute service recommendation for user, which initiates For the inquiry of the task based access control of plan tour arrangement.

Processing as described herein for providing the service recommendation of task based access control based on semantic advantageously can be via The combination of software, hardware, firmware or software and/or firmware and/or hardware is implemented.For example, processing as described herein has Sharp ground can be via (multiple) processor, Digital Signal Processing (DSP) chip, specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable Gate array (FPGA) etc. is implemented.Such example hardware for executing described function is described in detail below.

Figure 10 illustrates the computer system 1000 that can implement the embodiment of the present invention on it.Although computer 1000 Described about specific device or equipment, but predict other devices in Figure 10 or equipment (for example, network unit, Server etc.) it is capable of the illustrated hardware and component of deployment system 1000.Computer system 1000 is (for example, via computer Program code or instruction) it is programmed to provide the service recommendation of task based access control based on semantic as described herein, and wrap The communication mechanism for including such as bus 1010 is used to convey letter between other inside and outside components of computer system 1000 Breath.Information (also referred to as data) is represented as can measure the physical expression form of phenomenon, usually voltage, but in other implementations The phenomenon that including such as magnetism, electromagnetism, pressure, chemistry, biology, molecule, atom, the interaction of subatomic and quantum etc in example.Example Such as, north side and southern side magnetic field or zero and nonzero voltage indicate two states (0,1) of binary numerical digit (bit).Other phenomenon energy Enough numerical digits for indicating more higher baseline.Multiple while quantum state superpositions before measurement indicate quantum bit (qubit).One Or the Sequence composition of multiple numerical digits is used to represent the number of character or the numerical data of code.In some embodiments, referred to as Represented by approximate continuous system of the information of analogue data by the measurable numerical value in particular range.Computer system 1000 or its Part constitutes the device for executing the one or more steps based on the semantic service recommendation for providing task based access control.

Bus 1010 includes one or more parallel conductors of information, so that information is in the equipment for being coupled to bus 1010 Between quickly transmit.One or more processors 1002 for handling information are coupled with bus 1010.

Processor (or multiple processors) 1002 according to by semanteme provide the service recommendation of task based access control it is relevant based on One group of operation is executed to information as calculation machine program code is specified.The computer program code is the collection of instruction or sentence It closes, the instruction for being used to execute the operation of specified function for processor and/or computer system is provided.Code for example can be with quilt The computer programming language for being compiled as the local instruction set of processor is write.The code can also be directly using locally referring to Set (for example, machine language) is enabled to be write.Group operation includes obtaining information from bus 1010 and being placed in information always On line 1010.Group operation also typically includes and compares two or more information units, the position of mobile information unit, and by two A or multiple information units merge, such as by addition or thread or such as OR, exclusive or (XOR) and AND.The operational set In each operation performed by processor by be referred to as instruction information be indicated to processor, such as one or The operation code of multiple numerical digits.Will the sequence of operation of such as operation code sequence as performed by processor 1002 constitute processing Device instruction, is also referred to as computer system instruction or simply computer instruction.Apart from the others, processor can be independent Or as being implemented as machinery, electronics, magnetism, optics, chemistry or quantum assembly in combination.

Computer system 1000 further includes the memory 1004 for being coupled to bus 1010.Such as random access storage device (RAM) or the storage of the memory 1004 of any other dynamic memory includes for providing task based access control based on semantic Information including the processor instruction of service recommendation.Dynamic memory allows to be stored in information therein by computer system 1000 Changed.RAM allow to be stored in the information unit at the position referred to as storage address independently of neighbor address information into Row storage and retrieval.Memory 1004 is also used to store temporary value during processor instruction executes by processor 1002.Meter Calculation machine system 1000 further includes read-only memory (ROM) 1006 or is coupled to bus 1010 to store including not by calculating Other static storage devices of static information including the instruction that machine system 1000 is changed.Some memories are by volatile storage It is formed, the information being stored thereon is lost when losing power supply.Such as disk, CD or the non-volatile of flash card (are held Storage equipment 1008 is also coupled to bus 1010 long), for storage the information including instruction, even if the information is calculating Machine system 1000 is shut down or is also maintained when losing power supply in other ways.

Including for based on the information including the semantic instruction to provide the service recommendation of task based access control by from external input Equipment 1012 is provided to bus 1010 to be used by processor, the external input device 1012 such as comprising by human user into The keyboard or sensor of the alpha numeric keys of row operation.Sensor detects nearby situation and converts those detections For be used to indicate the physical expression form that the measurable phenomenon of information in computer system 1000 is mutually compatible.Be mainly used for Other external equipments that people interacted be coupled to bus 1010 include display 1014, such as cathode-ray tube (CRT), liquid Crystal display (LCD), light emitting diode (LED) display, organic LED (OLED) display, plasma screen or for being in The printer of existing text or image, and such as mouse, trace ball, cursor direction key or motion sensor etc for controlling It the position of the small-sized cursor glyph presented on display 1014 and issues and the graphical element that is presented on display 1014 The indicating equipment 1016 of associated order.In some embodiments, such as in computer system 1000 it is inputted in no user In the case where executed in the functional embodiment of institute automatically, one or more external input devices 1012, display can be omitted 1014 and indicating equipment 1016.

In the illustrated embodiment, the specialized hardware of such as specific integrated circuit (ASIC) 1020 etc is coupled to bus 1010.The specialized hardware is configured as sufficiently rapidly executing the not behaviour as performed by processor 1002 for specific purposes Make.The example of ASIC includes for generating the graphics acceleration card of image for display 1014, for disappearing to transmitted on network Password board, speech recognition and the interface for special external equipment being encrypted and decrypted are ceased, the special external equipment is all Such as repeat the robot arm and medical scanning equipment for implementing more efficiently some complex operations sequences with hardware.

Computer system 1000 further includes being coupled to one or more examples of the communication interface 1070 of bus 1010.Communication Interface 1070 is operated various outer to the processor using their own of such as printer, scanner and external disk etc Portion's equipment provides one-way or bi-directional communicative couplings.In general, being to carry out coupling with the network link 1078 for being connected to local network 1080 It closes, the various external equipments of the processor with their own are connected to the local network 1080.For example, communication interface 1070 can be with It is the parallel port on personal computer or serial port either port universal serial bus (USB).In some embodiments, Communication interface 1070 is integrated services digital network (ISDN) card perhaps digital subscriber line (DSL) card or to corresponding class The telephone line of type provides the telephone modem of information communication connection.In some embodiments, communication interface 1070 be by Signal in bus 1010 is converted to the signal of the communication connection on coaxial cable or the communication in fiber optic cable The cable modem of the optical signalling of connection.As another example, communication interface 1070 can be for such as with The compatible Local Area Network (LAN) netted very much provides the LAN card of data communication connection.Also Radio Link can be implemented.For Radio Link For, communication interface 1070 sends or receives or not only send but also receives electronics, sound including infrared and optical signalling Sound or electromagnetic signal carry the information flow of such as numerical data etc.For example, such as similar to the mobile phone of cellular phone Radio hand-held equipment in, communication interface 1070 includes radio band electromagnetic transmitter and reception referred to as radio transceiver Device.In certain embodiments, communication interface 1070, which enables, is mentioned from UE 101 to the connection of communication network 105 based on semanteme For the service recommendation of task based access control.

It includes for holding that " computer-readable medium ", which refers to that participation is provided to processor 1002, as the term is used herein The arbitrary medium of information including capable instruction.Such medium can take many forms, including but not limited to calculate Machine readable storage medium storing program for executing (for example, non-volatile media, Volatile media) and transmission medium.The non-wink of such as non-volatile media Shi Jiezhi is for example including CD or disk, such as storage equipment 1008.Volatile media is for example including dynamic memory 1004.It passes Defeated medium is for example including twisted-pair cable, coaxial cable, copper wire, fiber optic cable and spatial row by no route or cable Into carrier wave, such as light wave or the electromagnetic wave including radio, optics and infrared waves.Signal includes passing through transmission medium The artificial transient change of the amplitude, frequency, phase, polarity or the other physical attributes that are transmitted.The computer of general type can Medium is read for example including floppy disk, flexible disk, hard disk, tape, any other magnetic medium, CD-ROM, CDRW, DVD, any other Optical medium, punch card, paper tape, optical markings page, other physical mediums with hole patterns or it is other can optical identification Instruction, RAM, PROM, EPROM, flash eprom, EEPROM, flash memory, any other memory chip or cartridge, carrier wave, or Any other medium that person's computer can be read out from it.Term computer readable storage medium is used herein refer to generation Any computer-readable medium in addition to transmission medium.

The logic encoded in one or more tangible mediums includes the processor instruction on computer readable storage medium Or one of specialized hardware of such as ASIC 1020 or the two.

Network link 1078 usually using transmission medium, by one or more networks to using or handle the other of information Equipment provides information.For example, network link 1078 can by local area network 1080 provide to host computer 1082 or to by The connection of equipment 1084 operated by Internet Service Provider (ISP).ISP equipment 1084 is in turn by general at present in network Public global packet exchange communication network referred to as internet 1090 provides data communication services.

Referred to as the computer storage for being connected to internet of server host 1092 is in response to received by internet institute Information and the processing of service is provided.For example, the storage of server host 1092 provides the information of expression video data to show The processing that device 1014 is presented.The component for predicting system 1000 can be in the other of such as host 1082 or server 1092 It is disposed in computer system with various configurations.

At least some embodiments of the invention be related to implementing using computer system 1000 it is more as described herein or Whole technologies.According to one embodiment of present invention, those technologies are executed by computer system 1000 in response to processor 1002 The one or more sequences of the instruction of one or more processors included in memory 1004 execute.It is this also referred to as to count The instruction of the instruction of calculation machine, software and program code can be from another computer for such as storing equipment 1008 or network link 1078 Readable medium read in memory 1004.Executing instruction sequence included in memory 1004 executes processor 1002 here Described one or more method and step.In alternative embodiments, software can be substituted or in conjunction used Such as hardware of ASIC 1020 etc.Therefore, unless it is clear it is further noted that otherwise the embodiment of the present invention does not limit to here In any specific combination of hardware and software.

Meter is to and from by network link 1078 and by the signal that other networks of communication interface 1070 are transmitted Calculation machine system 1000 transports information.Apart from the others, computer system 1000 can pass through network link 1078 and communication interface 1070 and information including program code is sent and received by network 1080,1090.In showing using internet 1090 In example, server host 1098 is transmitted by internet 1090, ISP equipment 1084, local network 1080 and communication interface 1070 As the requested program code for specific application of message transmitted by the computer 1000.The received code can be at it It is executed when being received by processor 1002, either can store in memory 1004 or storage equipment 1008 or storage is in office It anticipates in other non-volatile memory devices then to execute or above-mentioned the two.In this way, computer system 1000 The application code of signal form on available carrier wave.

It can be with when transporting one or more sequences of instruction or data or the two to processor 1002 to execute It is related to various forms of computer-readable mediums.For example, instruction and data can initially be carried on such as host 1082 etc Remote computer disk on.Instruction and data is loaded into its dynamic memory and using modulation by the remote computer Demodulator sends the instruction and data by telephone line.The local modem of computer system 1000 receives telephone line On instruction and data and the instruction and data is converted into the infrared load as network link 1078 using infrared transmitter Signal on wave.Infrared detector as communication interface 1070 receives the instruction and data carried in infrared signal and will Indicate that the information of the instruction and data is put into bus 1010.Bus 1010 send the information to memory 1004, processor 1002 therefrom acquisition instruction and using with instruction send some data execute the instruction.Institute is received in memory 1004 Instruction and data can be optionally stored in storage equipment 1008 before or after being executed by processor 1002.

Figure 11 is illustrated can implement chipset or chip 1100 of the invention on it.Chipset 1100 be programmed to as It is as described herein that the service recommendation of task based access control is provided based on semantic, and for example including integration described in reference Figure 10 In the processor and memory assembly of one or more physical packages (for example, chip).As an example, physical package includes structure The deployment of one or more materials, component and/or route on assembly (for example, substrate) is to provide such as physical strength, ruler One or more characteristics of very little saving and/or limitation of electrical interaction.It predicts in certain embodiments, chipset 1100 can be with One single chip is implemented.It is further contemplated that, in certain embodiments, chipset or chip 1100 may be implemented as individually " system on chip ".It is further contemplated that, in certain embodiments, such as will not be using individual ASIC and as retouched here All correlation functions stated will all be executed by one or more processors.Chipset or chip 1100 or its part constitute The device of the one or more steps of user interface navigation information associated with the availability of function is provided for executing.Chip Group or chip 1100 or its part are constituted for executing one or more based on the semantic service recommendation for providing task based access control A step.

In one embodiment, chipset or chip 1100 include communication mechanism, such as the group in chipset 1100 The bus 1101 of transport information between part.There is processor 1103 connection to bus 1101 to be for example stored in memory to execute Instruction and processing information in 1105.Processor 1103 may include one or more processing cores, wherein each core is matched It is set to and independently executes.Multi-core processor makes it possible to carry out multi task process in single physical encapsulation.The example of multi-core processor Including two, four, eight or more processing cores.Alternately or additionally, processor 1103 may include It enables to carry out instruction, pipeline and multithreading via the one or more microprocessors of 1101 arranged in series of bus independent It executes.Processor 1103 may be accompanied with one or more personal modules to execute certain processing functions and task, such as one A or multiple digital signal processors (DSP) 1107 or one or more specific integrated circuits (ASIC) 1109.DSP 1107 It is typically configured as independently of processing actual signal (for example, sound) in real time of processor 1103.Similarly, ASIC 1109 can It is configured as the special function that can not be easily carried out by more generally applicable processor.For assisting executing invention as described herein Other personal modules of function may include one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) (not shown), one or more Controller (not shown) or one or more of the other special-purpose computer chip.

In one embodiment, chipset or chip 1100 only include one or more processors and support and/or relate to And and/or for one or more processors some softwares and/or firmware.

The connection that processor 1103 and accompanied component have via bus 1101 to memory 1105.Memory 1105 wraps Dynamic memory (for example, RAM, disk, writable CD etc.) and static memory (for example, ROM, CD-ROM etc.) are included, so as to Inventive step as described herein is implemented in storage when executed can with provide the service recommendation of task based access control based on semantic It executes instruction.Memory 1105 also stores associated with the execution of inventive step or by its data generated.

Figure 12 is the mobile terminal for communication that can be operated in the system of fig. 1 according to one embodiment The diagram of the example components of (for example, mobile phone).In some embodiments, mobile terminal 1201 or its part constitute and are used for It executes based on semantic and the device of the one or more steps of service recommendation of task based access control is provided.Generally, radio reception Device is often defined in terms of the characteristic of front-end and back-end.In the front end of receiver comprising all radio frequency (RF) circuits rear end It then include all baseband processing circuitries.As used in this application, term circuit refers to both following: (1) only hardware Circuit implementation realizes (such as only with the embodiment of analog and/or digital circuit)；(2) circuit and software are (and/or solid Part) combination (such as, in the case where that can apply with specific environment, work together so that such as mobile phone or server Device (multiple) processor including (multiple) digital signal processor, software and (multiple) memory for performing various functions Combination).This definition of " circuit " is applied to all situations of the term used herein, including any claim. As another example, as used in this specification and if can be applied to specific environment, term " circuit " will also cover Lid is only the embodiment of processor (or multiple processors) and its adjoint software and/or firmware.If can be applied to specific Environment, then covering is also made based band integrated circuit or application processor integrated circuit in mobile phone by term " circuit ", or Similar integrated circuit in cellular network device or other network equipments.

The relevant internal components of phone include main control unit (MCU) 1203, digital signal processor (DSP) 1205 and Receiver/transmitter unit including microphone gain control unit and speaker gain control unit.Display 1207 Display is provided a user to support various applications and mobile terminal function, which executes or support to be based on based on semanteme to provide The step of service recommendation of task.Display 1207 includes display circuit, is configured as display mobile terminal (for example, mobile Phone) user interface at least part.Therefore, display 1207 and display circuit are configured as facilitating mobile terminal extremely The user's control of few some functions.Audio-frequency function circuit 1209 is including microphone 1211 and to the language exported from microphone 1211 The microphone amplifier that sound signal amplifies.The enlarged voice signal exported from microphone 1211 is sent to coding Device/decoder (CODEC) 1213.

Radio part 1215 amplifies power and conversion frequency is so as to via antenna 1217 and being included in movement Base station in communication system is communicated.Power amplifier (PA) 1219 and transmitter/modulation circuit grasp MCU 1203 It responds, wherein as known in the art, the output coupling from PA 1219 to duplexer 1221 or circulator or antenna is opened It closes.PA 1219 is also coupled to battery interface and power control unit 1220.

In use, the user of mobile terminal 1201 talks into microphone 1211 and its sound is detected together with any To ambient noise be converted into analog voltage together.The analog voltage is then turned by analog-digital converter (ADC) 1223 It is changed to digital signal.Control unit 1203 send digital signal into DSP 1205 to handle wherein, such as verbal coding, Channel coding, encryption and intertexture.In one embodiment, processed voice signal uses bee by not separately shown unit Nest transport protocol is encoded, and the cellular transmission protocol such as universe evolves and enhances data rate (EDGE), general grouped wireless Service (GPRS), global system for mobile communications (GSM), internet protocol multi-media sub-system (IMS), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System And any other appropriate wireless medium, such as World Interoperability for Microwave Access, WiMax (WiMAX), long term evolution (UMTS) etc. (LTE) network, CDMA (CDMA), wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA), wireless fidelity (WiFi), satellite etc. or its Meaning combination.

Encoded signal is subsequently sent to balanced device 1225 so as to such as phase and vibration occurred by air transmission device Any damage dependent on frequency of width distortion etc compensates.After equalizing the bit stream, modulator 1227 will Signal is combined with RF signal generated in RF interface 1229.Modulator 1227 is generated just using frequency or phase-modulation String wave.In order to prepare the signal being used for transmission, the sine wave and synthesizer that upconverter 1231 is exported modulator 1227 1233 another sine wave generated are merged to realize desired transmission frequency.The signal then passes through PA 1219 It sends so that signal is increased to appropriate power level.In systems in practice, PA 1219 is used as variable gain amplifier, gain It is controlled by DSP 1205 according to from the network base station received information of institute.The signal is then filtered simultaneously in duplexer 1221 And it is optionally sent to antenna coupler 1235 and provides maximum power transfer with matching impedance.Finally, the signal is via day Line 1217 is sent to base station.Automatic growth control (AGC) can be provided to control and receive the gain of the final stage of device.The signal Remote phone can be forwarded to therefrom, the remote phone can for another cellular phone, any other mobile phone or It is connected to the fixed line of Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) or other telephone networks.

The voice signal for being sent to mobile terminal 1201 is received via antenna 1217 and immediately by low-noise amplifier (LNA) 1237 are amplified.Low-converter 1239 reduces carrier frequency, and demodulator 1241 removes RF and only leaves digital bit simultaneously Stream.The signal then passes through balanced device 1225 and is handled by DSP 1205.1243 pairs of signals of digital analog converter (DAC) It carries out conversion and generated output is transferred into user by loudspeaker 1245, these, which are all in, to be carried out Under control for the main control unit (MCU) 1203 of central processing unit (CPU) (not shown).

MCU 1203 receives the various signals including input signal from keyboard 1247.With other user's input modules The keyboard 1247 and/or MCU 1203 that (for example, microphone 1211) combines include the user interface for managing user's input Circuit.MCU 1203 runs user interface software to facilitate user to be used to provide based on semanteme to mobile terminal 1201 and be based on appointing At least some functions of the service recommendation of business are controlled.MCU 1203 is also to display 1207 respectively and speech output switching control Device conveying display processed is bright and switching is bright.In addition, MCU 1203 exchanges information with DSP 1205 and is able to access that optionally In conjunction with SIM card 1249 and memory 1251.In addition, various control functions needed for the execution terminal of MCU 1203.According to reality Mode is applied, DSP 1205 can execute various conventional digital processing functions to voice signal.In addition, DSP 1205 is from microphone 1211 signals detected determine the background noise level of home environment and set selected for the gain of microphone 1211 The level compensated for the natural tendency to the user of mobile terminal 1201.

CODEC 1213 includes ADC 1223 and DAC 1243.The storage of memory 1251 is including incoming call speech data Various data and can store including for example via Global Internet other data including received music data.Software Module can reside in RAM memory, flash memory, register or any other form of writable storage known in the art and be situated between In matter.Memory devices 1251 can be single memory, CD, DVD, ROM, RAM, EEPROM, optical storage, disk storage, Flash memory storage or any other non-volatile memory medium that numerical data can be stored, but be not limited to that this.

The SIM card 1249 optionally combined for example carries such as cellular phone number, carrier supplying service, subscription details With the important information of security information etc.SIM card 1249 is mainly used to identify mobile terminal 1201 on radio net.Card 1249 also comprising the memory for storing personal telephone number registration, text message and the specific mobile terminal setting of user.

Although having been combined multiple embodiments and embodiment, invention has been described, the present invention does not limit to In this but cover the various obvious modifications and equivalent arrangements form fallen within the scope of the appended claims.Although of the invention Feature become larger in the claims with certain combining forms, being capable of form in any combination but predict these features Sequentially disposed.

Claims (48)

1. a kind of method for handling information, including promote to (1) data and/or (2) information and/or (3) at least one letter Number processing and/or (1) data and/or (2) information and/or (3) at least one signal are handled, (1) data and/ Or (2) information and/or (3) at least one signal are based at least partially on the following contents:

Determination to the input at least one term for specifying the inquiry of at least one task based access control；

Determination to the multiple verb-nouns pairing for being at least partially based at least one term；

It is at least partially based on one for completing associated at least one task of inquiry at least one task based access control The correlation of a or multiple instruction and identified multiple verb-noun pairings, the determination to one or more documents, the text Shelves include described instruction；

One or more instructions determined by being at least partially based on are to one for executing identified one or more instructions Or the determination of multiple services；And

Determination to one or more responses of the inquiry at least one task based access control, one or more of responses Including identified one or more documents, described instruction and identified one or more services.

2. according to the method described in claim 1, (1) data described in wherein and/or (2) information and/or (3) at least one signal Further it is based at least partially on the following contents:

One or more for completing associated at least one task of inquiry at least one task based access control is referred to At least one determination enabled,

Wherein one or more of responses at least partly include described for completing to look into at least one task based access control Ask one or more instructions of at least one associated task.

3. according to the method described in claim 2, (1) data described in wherein and/or (2) information and/or (3) at least one signal Further it is based at least partially on the following contents:

At least one determination to one or more services for executing one or more of instructions,

Wherein one or more of responses at least partly include described one for executing one or more of instructions or Multiple services.

4. according to the method described in claim 3, (1) data described in wherein and/or (2) information and/or (3) at least one signal Further it is based at least partially on the following contents:

To with lead to one or more of services one or more link it is associated it is one or more of respond, it is described The presentation of one or more instruction or a combination thereof.

5. according to the method described in claim 3, (1) data described in wherein and/or (2) information and/or (3) at least one signal Further it is based at least partially on the following contents:

One or more user's inputs, field feedback or a combination thereof are at least partially based on to the multiple verb-noun Pairing, one or more of responses, the correlation, it is one or more of instruction, it is one or more of service or At least one determination of a combination thereof.

6. according to the method described in claim 1, (1) data described in wherein and/or (2) information and/or (3) at least one signal Further it is based at least partially on the following contents:

At least part of one or more of responses is parsed with the appearance of the multiple verb-noun pairing of determination Information,

Wherein the correlation, which is at least partially based on, described there is information.

7. according to the method described in claim 1, (1) data described in wherein and/or (2) information and/or (3) at least one signal Further it is based at least partially on the following contents:

It is at least partially based at least one determination that one or more semantic models match the multiple verb-noun.

8. according to the method described in claim 7, (1) data described in wherein and/or (2) information and/or (3) at least one signal Further it is based at least partially on the following contents:

At least one dependence for being at least partially based on described at least one term, one or more of the other term or a combination thereof is closed It is the one or more of semantic models of network struction.

9. according to the method described in claim 8, (1) data described in wherein and/or (2) information and/or (3) at least one signal Further it is based at least partially on the following contents:

Be at least partially based between described at least one term, one or more of other terms or a combination thereof one or At least one determination of multiple grammatical relations at least one dependence network.

10. according to the method described in claim 9, (1) data described in wherein and/or (2) information and/or (3) at least one letter Number further it is based at least partially on the following contents:

At least one determination to strength information associated with one or more of grammatical relations,

Wherein at least one described dependence network is at least partially based on the strength information.

11. according to the method described in claim 8, (1) data described in wherein and/or (2) information and/or (3) at least one letter Number further it is based at least partially on the following contents:

To one or more knowledge data bases parsed with the one or more of semantic models of determination, it is described at least one according to Rely relational network or a combination thereof.

12. according to the method for claim 11, wherein (1) data and/or (2) information and/or (3) at least one letter Number further it is based at least partially on the following contents:

For one or more at least one determination updated of one or more knowledge data bases；And

One or more of updates are at least partially based on to one or multi-semantic meaning model, at least one described dependence The update of network or a combination thereof.

13. according to the method described in claim 1, (1) data described in wherein and/or (2) information and/or (3) at least one letter Number further it is based at least partially on the following contents:

To contextual information associated with the input, equipment associated with the input, use associated with the equipment At least one determination at family or a combination thereof,

Wherein the multiple verb-noun pairing, one or more of responses, the correlation or combination are at least partially based on The contextual information.

14. method according to claim 1 to 13, wherein at least one described term at least partly includes moving Word, noun, preposition, domain or a combination thereof.

15. a kind of method for handling information, comprising:

Determine the input for specifying at least one term of the inquiry of at least one task based access control；

It is at least partially based at least one described term and determines multiple verb-noun pairings；

It is at least partially based on one for completing associated at least one task of inquiry at least one task based access control The correlation of a or multiple instruction and identified multiple verb-noun pairings, to determine one or more documents, the document Including described instruction；

It is one or more determined by being at least partially based on to instruct to determine for executing identified one or more instructions One or more service；And

Determine that one or more responses of the inquiry at least one task based access control, one or more of responses include Identified one or more document, described instruction and identified one or more services.

16. according to the method for claim 15, further comprising:

Determine the one or more for completing associated at least one task of inquiry at least one task based access control Instruction,

Wherein one or more of responses at least partly include described for completing to look into at least one task based access control Ask one or more instructions of at least one associated task.

17. according to the method for claim 16, further comprising:

Determine one or more services for executing one or more of instructions,

Wherein one or more of responses at least partly include described one for executing one or more of instructions or Multiple services.

18. according to the method for claim 17, further comprising:

The one or more for presenting with leading to one or more of services is at least partly caused to link associated described one A or multiple responses, one or more of instructions or a combination thereof.

19. according to the method for claim 17, further comprising:

One or more user's inputs, field feedback or a combination thereof are at least partially based on, determine the multiple verb-name Word pairing, one or more of responses, the correlation, it is one or more of instruction, it is one or more of service or Person's a combination thereof.

20. according to the method for claim 15, further comprising:

At least part to one or more of responses is caused to be parsed at least partly with the multiple verb-of determination The appearance information of noun pairing,

Wherein the correlation, which is at least partially based on, described there is information.

21. according to the method for claim 15, further comprising:

It is at least partially based on one or more semantic models and determines the multiple verb-noun pairing.

22. according to the method for claim 21, further comprising:

At least partly cause to be at least partially based on described at least one term, one or more of the other term or a combination thereof At least one one or more of semantic model of dependence network struction.

23. according to the method for claim 22, further comprising:

Be at least partially based between described at least one term, one or more of other terms or a combination thereof one or Multiple grammatical relations determine at least one described dependence network.

24. according to the method for claim 23, further comprising:

Determine strength information associated with one or more of grammatical relations,

Wherein at least one described dependence network is at least partially based on the strength information.

25. according to the method for claim 22, further comprising:

At least partly cause to parse one or more knowledge data bases with the one or more of semantic models of determination, At least one described dependence network or a combination thereof.

26. according to the method for claim 25, further comprising:

It determines and is updated for the one or more of one or more of knowledge data bases；And

At least partly cause to be at least partially based on it is one or more of update to one or multi-semantic meaning model, it is described extremely Few dependence network or a combination thereof is updated.

27. according to the method for claim 15, further comprising:

Determine associated with input contextual information, equipment associated with the input, associated with the equipment User or a combination thereof,

Wherein the multiple verb-noun pairing, one or more of responses, the correlation or combination are at least partially based on The contextual information.

28. method described in any one of 5-27 according to claim 1, wherein at least one described term at least partly includes moving Word, noun, preposition, domain or a combination thereof.

29. a kind of for handling the device of information, comprising:

At least one processor；With

At least one processor, the computer program code including one or more programs,

At least one processor and the computer program code are configured as making using at least one described processor It obtains described device and at least executes following steps:

Determine the input for specifying at least one term of the inquiry of at least one task based access control；

It is at least partially based at least one described term and determines multiple verb-noun pairings；

It is at least partially based on one for completing associated at least one task of inquiry at least one task based access control The correlation of a or multiple instruction and identified multiple verb-noun pairings, to determine one or more documents, the document Including described instruction；

It is one or more determined by being at least partially based on to instruct to determine for executing identified one or more instructions One or more service；And

Determine that one or more responses of the inquiry at least one task based access control, one or more of responses include Identified one or more document, described instruction and identified one or more services.

30. device according to claim 29, wherein described device by further such that:

Determine the one or more for completing associated at least one task of inquiry at least one task based access control Instruction,

Wherein one or more of responses at least partly include described for completing to look into at least one task based access control Ask one or more instructions of at least one associated task.

31. device according to claim 30, wherein described device by further such that:

Determine one or more services for executing one or more of instructions,

Wherein one or more of responses at least partly include described one for executing one or more of instructions or Multiple services.

32. device according to claim 31, wherein described device by further such that:

The one or more for presenting with leading to one or more of services is at least partly caused to link associated described one A or multiple responses, one or more of instructions or a combination thereof.

33. device according to claim 31, wherein described device by further such that:

It is at least partially based on one or more user's inputs, field feedback or a combination thereof and determines the multiple verb-name Word pairing, one or more of responses, the correlation, it is one or more of instruction, it is one or more of service or Person's a combination thereof.

34. device according to claim 29, wherein described device by further such that:

At least part to one or more of responses is caused to be parsed at least partly with the multiple verb-of determination The appearance information of noun pairing,

Wherein the correlation, which is at least partially based on, described there is information.

35. device according to claim 29, wherein described device by further such that:

It is at least partially based on one or more semantic models and determines the multiple verb-noun pairing.

36. device according to claim 35, wherein described device by further such that:

At least partly cause to be at least partially based on described at least one term, one or more of the other term or a combination thereof At least one one or more of semantic model of dependence network struction.

37. device according to claim 36, wherein described device by further such that:

Be at least partially based between described at least one term, one or more of other terms or a combination thereof one or Multiple grammatical relations determine at least one described dependence network.

38. the device according to claim 37, wherein described device by further such that:

Determine strength information associated with one or more of grammatical relations,

Wherein at least one described dependence network is at least partially based on the strength information.

39. device according to claim 36, wherein described device by further such that:

At least partly cause to parse one or more knowledge data bases with the one or more of semantic models of determination, At least one described dependence network or a combination thereof.

40. device according to claim 39, wherein described device by further such that:

It determines and is updated for the one or more of one or more of knowledge data bases；And

At least partly cause to be at least partially based on it is one or more of update to one or multi-semantic meaning model, it is described extremely Few dependence network or a combination thereof is updated.

41. device according to claim 29, wherein described device by further such that:

Determine associated with input contextual information, equipment associated with the input, associated with the equipment User or a combination thereof,

Wherein the multiple verb-noun pairing, one or more of responses, the correlation or combinations thereof at least partly base In the contextual information.

42. the device according to any one of claim 29-41, wherein at least one described term at least partly includes moving Word, noun, preposition, domain or a combination thereof.

43. a kind of computer readable storage medium carries one or more sequences of one or more instructions, one or more One or more of sequences of a instruction execute device at least according to right It is required that method described in any one of 1-28.

44. it is a kind of for handling the device of information, including at least executing according to claim 1 described in any one of -28 Method device.

45. a kind of method for handling information, including promoting the access at least one interface, the interface is configured as permitting Perhaps it accesses at least one service, at least one service is configured as executing any in -28 according to claim 1 Method described in.

46. a kind of method for handling information, including promote to (1) data and/or (2) information and/or (3) at least one letter Number processing and/or (1) data and/or (2) information and/or (3) at least one signal are handled, (1) data and/ Or (2) information and/or (3) at least one signal are based at least partially on side described in any one of -28 according to claim 1 Method.

47. a kind of method for handling information, including promote creation and/or promote modification (1) at least one equipment user circle Surface element and/or (2) at least one device user interface function, (1) at least one device user interface element and/or (2) at least one device user interface function is based at least partially on side described in any one of -28 according to claim 1 Method.

48. a kind of method for handling information, including create and/or modify (1) at least one device user interface element and/ Or (2) at least one device user interface function, (1) at least one device user interface element and/or (2) at least one Device user interface function is based at least partially on method described in any one of -28 according to claim 1.