CN104407021A - Soil moisture content measuring device - Google Patents
Soil moisture content measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104407021A CN104407021A CN201410670889.4A CN201410670889A CN104407021A CN 104407021 A CN104407021 A CN 104407021A CN 201410670889 A CN201410670889 A CN 201410670889A CN 104407021 A CN104407021 A CN 104407021A
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- moisture content
- soil moisture
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- measurement mechanism
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil moisture content measuring device which comprises a power supply, a sensor probe, a protecting resistor and a data acquisition instrument, wherein the sensor probe comprises annular electrodes, an insulating layer and lead wires, the insulating layer is arranged between the annular electrodes and divides the annular electrodes into a negative electrode and a positive electrode which are not connected; the lead wires comprise a negative electrode lead wire and a positive electrode lead wire, one end of the negative electrode lead wire is connected with the negative electrode of the annular electrodes, one end of the positive electrode lead wire is connected with the positive electrode of the annular electrode, the sensor probe is connected with the protecting resistor in series and connected with the power supply through the negative electrode lead wire and the positive electrode lead wire, and the data acquisition instrument is connected with the protecting resistor in parallel. The soil moisture content measuring device is fast in reaction during measurement of the moisture content, can perform continuous measurement and dynamically reflects the moisture content change; and the sensor devices are simple, economical and convenient to use and have no harm on a human body.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to measurement of water ratio field, particularly relate to a kind of soil moisture content measurement mechanism.
Background technology
The soil body is by the multidirectional system of solid, liquid, gas composition.The free charge of gas is few, can think good insulating body.Pure water can not conduct electricity, but soil water has generally dissolved the solvable mineral such as salt, chloride, and make water become a kind of solution, thus soil water has good conductive capability.There are some researches show, clean sand and gravel conduction mainly occur in pore water.Clay conduction then occurs in pore water and charged clay particle surface.
According to different measuring principles, means, soil moisture content is measured and has been developed various method.Oven drying method is the most classical, method accurately, and dry soil to constant weight at 105 ~ 110 DEG C, in soil, each moisture can volatilize away, directly can measure moisture.Under unsaturated state, soil has suction to glassware for drinking water, and soil is wetter, just less to the suction of water, otherwise then large, and tension force notation is from the angle analysis soil situation of this energy.Rays method comprises Using Neutron Scattering Method, rays method, x-ray method etc.., be all by launch ray and soil in atom, electron interaction, the energy of ray is diminished, remitted its fury, its damping capacity is the function of soil moisture content.Electric-resistivity method changes with the change of water percentage according to the resistivity of soil, the change of soil moisture makes the water cut of sensor gypsum body and the holard form certain funtcional relationship, the change of gypsum body water content can cause again the change of the resistance of two electrodes be placed in one, electric-resistivity method to be the old J of relation that intermediary sets up water percentage and resistance by gypsum body.According to the specific inductive capacity of water much larger than soil and air, the change of water percentage also just plays a decisive role to the specific inductive capacity of soil, thus the dielectric property of soil can be utilized to measure soil moisture content, invented multiple method accordingly: capacitance method, time domain reflectometry (TDR), frequency domain decomposition method (FDR) etc.But these methods have respective limitation.
Summary of the invention
The physical quantity weighing native conductive capability size is resistivity, it is electric current perpendicular through length of side resistance measured when being the cube soil of 1m, and its amplitude of variation is 1 ~ 105 Ω m.The resistivity of soil, by the impact of the factors such as water percentage, usually can set a variable factor with multiple constant to analyze the impact of each factor on resistivity, can analyze native integral structure characteristic etc. according to the situation of change of resistivity.The resistance measurement tool of soil is of use in many ways, and the electric-resistivity method in traditional soil moisture content measuring method is changed to principle according to resistivity with the change of its water percentage and measures.After dry density is determined, porosity does not change, and saturation degree only changes with water percentage, and the resistivity of known sand is mainly determined by water percentage.
If be provided with sensor, if the soil body resistance R1 between sensor probe place two end electrodes, protective resistance R2, then corresponding voltage is respectively U1, U2, supply voltage U, then electric current
u1=U-IR2, U2=U-U1.Along with the increase of water percentage, R1 reduce, then I increase, U1 reduce, U2 increase, by Acquisition Instrument gather with delta data, the calibration curve of combined sensor, and then the situation of change that can draw water percentage.
Based on above-mentioned principle, the present inventor provides a kind of simple, economic soil moisture content measurement mechanism, it comprises: power supply, sensor probe, protective resistance and data collecting instrument, shown sensor probe comprises ring electrode, insulation course and lead-in wire, described insulation course to be arranged between described ring electrode and described ring electrode is divided into mutual disjunct negative electrode and anode, described lead-in wire comprises cathode leg and plate lead, one end of described cathode leg is connected with the negative electrode of described ring electrode, one end of described plate lead is connected with the anode of described ring electrode, described sensor probe to be connected with described protective resistance by cathode leg and plate lead and is connected with power supply, described data collecting instrument is in parallel with described protective resistance.
Preferably, described insulation course is high molecular synthetic resin.
Preferably, the resistance of described protective resistance is 800 Ω ~ 1500 Ω.
Preferably, the resistance of described protective resistance is 1000 Ω.
Preferably, the spacing between the negative electrode of described ring electrode and anode is 2 ~ 4 ㎜.
Preferably, the spacing between the negative electrode of described ring electrode and anode is 3 ㎜.
Preferably, described data collecting instrument gathers the scope of voltage signal is-5V ~ 5V.
Preferably, described power supply is the direct supply of 5V.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, according to the change of the change in voltage reaction soil moisture content of protective resistance, voltage signal is facilitated to export and reliably can be connected with circuit board;
2, electrode directly contacts with the soil body, and water-cut variation reaction is fast, can carry out continuous coverage, dynamic reflection water-cut variation;
3, sensor device is simple, economical, easy to use, to human body fanout free region.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art and advantage, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the soil moisture content measurement mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the sensor probe of the soil moisture content measurement mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention;
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under the prerequisite of not making creative work, all belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment:
Refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, embodiments provide a kind of simple, economic soil moisture content measurement mechanism, it comprises: power supply, sensor probe, protective resistance and data collecting instrument, shown sensor probe comprises ring electrode, insulation course and lead-in wire, described insulation course to be arranged between described ring electrode and described ring electrode is divided into mutual disjunct negative electrode and anode, described lead-in wire comprises cathode leg and plate lead, one end of described cathode leg is connected with the negative electrode of described ring electrode, one end of described plate lead is connected with the anode of described ring electrode, described sensor probe to be connected with described protective resistance by cathode leg and plate lead and is connected with power supply, described data collecting instrument is in parallel with described protective resistance.
Preferably, described insulation course is high molecular synthetic resin.
Preferably, the resistance of described protective resistance is 800 Ω ~ 1500 Ω.
Preferably, the resistance of described protective resistance is 1000 Ω.
Preferably, the spacing between the negative electrode of described ring electrode and anode is 2 ~ 4 ㎜.
Preferably, the spacing between the negative electrode of described ring electrode and anode is 3 ㎜.
Preferably, described data collecting instrument gathers the scope of voltage signal is-5V ~ 5V.
Preferably, described power supply is the direct supply of 5V.
As shown in Figure 2, probe segment is primarily of parts compositions such as stainless steel ring electrode, insulation course, lead-in wires, and the spacing of two electrodes is 3mm, and insulation course is made up of high molecular synthetic resin, effectively can intercept electric current conduction.Infiltrate the situation of change of water percentage in slope model test to analyze fog precipitation, 12 probes are selected in test.
Circuit board is 4 sensors with current simultaneously; because Acquisition Instrument collection voltage signal scope is-5 ~ 5V; the voltage of sensor two interpolar will get less value, circuit needs arrange the protective resistance that resistance is 1000 Ω, and this resistance is also the output terminal of voltage signal simultaneously.The resistivity measurement of soil is divided into direct current according to power supply type and exchanges, direct current electrical measurement is adopted for during the pore structure properties such as some non-conductive particles of description (as sand, rubble), clay system is then generally adopted and exchanges electrical measurement, the character of binding tests soil, test adopts 5V constant voltage dc source.In circuit board, power supply is to protective resistance and sensors with current, and maximum current value is 5mA.Along with the continuous increase of soil moisture content in process of the test, saturation degree also constantly increases, and the resistivity of the soil body constantly reduces, and the voltage of sensor two interpolar decreases, and the voltage at protective resistance two ends then increases thereupon.
Before test, system calibrating being carried out to each sensor and obtains voltage---water-cut variation curve, just can obtain the situation of change of water percentage in the right future generations of data processing to this curve by the voltage signal of collection.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, according to the change of the change in voltage reaction soil moisture content of protective resistance, voltage signal is facilitated to export and reliably can be connected with circuit board;
2, electrode directly contacts with the soil body, and water-cut variation reaction is fast, can carry out continuous coverage, dynamic reflection water-cut variation;
3, sensor device is simple, economical, easy to use, to human body fanout free region etc.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a soil moisture content measurement mechanism, it is characterized in that, comprise power supply, sensor probe, protective resistance and data collecting instrument, shown sensor probe comprises ring electrode, insulation course and lead-in wire, described insulation course to be arranged between described ring electrode and described ring electrode is divided into mutual disjunct negative electrode and anode, described lead-in wire comprises cathode leg and plate lead, one end of described cathode leg is connected with the negative electrode of described ring electrode, one end of described plate lead is connected with the anode of described ring electrode, described sensor probe to be connected with described protective resistance by cathode leg and plate lead and is connected with power supply, described data collecting instrument is in parallel with described protective resistance.
2. soil moisture content measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described insulation course is high molecular synthetic resin.
3. soil moisture content measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the resistance of described protective resistance is 800 Ω ~ 1500 Ω.
4. soil moisture content measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the resistance of described protective resistance is 1000 Ω.
5. soil moisture content measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the spacing between the negative electrode of described ring electrode and anode is 2 ~ 4 ㎜.
6. soil moisture content measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the spacing between the negative electrode of described ring electrode and anode is 3 ㎜.
7. soil moisture content measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the scope that described data collecting instrument gathers voltage signal is-5V ~ 5V.
8. soil moisture content measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described power supply is the direct supply of 5V.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410670889.4A CN104407021A (en) | 2014-11-21 | 2014-11-21 | Soil moisture content measuring device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410670889.4A CN104407021A (en) | 2014-11-21 | 2014-11-21 | Soil moisture content measuring device |
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| CN104407021A true CN104407021A (en) | 2015-03-11 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104848920A (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2015-08-19 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | Method and device for measuring liquid level height and water sucking amount of brake liquid |
| CN104950012A (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2015-09-30 | 水利部南京水利水文自动化研究所 | Integrated adjustable automatic soil longitudinal water recording instrument |
| CN106706720A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-05-24 | 浙江工业大学 | Resistance controlled portable multi-depth moisture content field measurement device |
| CN107037087A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-08-11 | 中国电建集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of sensor and measuring method for measuring Air Concentration in Water Flow |
| CN108872321A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-11-23 | 天津大学 | Moisture percentage measuring apparatus based on plug-in type conductivity sensor |
| CN113007611A (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2021-06-22 | 呼和浩特中燃城市燃气发展有限公司 | Monitoring system for gas pipeline crossing river bottom |
-
2014
- 2014-11-21 CN CN201410670889.4A patent/CN104407021A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104848920A (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2015-08-19 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | Method and device for measuring liquid level height and water sucking amount of brake liquid |
| CN104950012A (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2015-09-30 | 水利部南京水利水文自动化研究所 | Integrated adjustable automatic soil longitudinal water recording instrument |
| CN106706720A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-05-24 | 浙江工业大学 | Resistance controlled portable multi-depth moisture content field measurement device |
| CN107037087A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-08-11 | 中国电建集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of sensor and measuring method for measuring Air Concentration in Water Flow |
| CN107037087B (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2020-02-07 | 中国电建集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Sensor and method for measuring water flow aeration concentration |
| CN108872321A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-11-23 | 天津大学 | Moisture percentage measuring apparatus based on plug-in type conductivity sensor |
| CN108872321B (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2021-03-19 | 天津大学 | Moisture content measuring device based on plug-in conductivity sensor |
| CN113007611A (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2021-06-22 | 呼和浩特中燃城市燃气发展有限公司 | Monitoring system for gas pipeline crossing river bottom |
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