CN104404910B - A kind of road surface rapid deicing apparatus with vibrating function - Google Patents
A kind of road surface rapid deicing apparatus with vibrating function Download PDFInfo
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- CN104404910B CN104404910B CN201410805317.2A CN201410805317A CN104404910B CN 104404910 B CN104404910 B CN 104404910B CN 201410805317 A CN201410805317 A CN 201410805317A CN 104404910 B CN104404910 B CN 104404910B
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- ice
- vibrating shaft
- deicing
- ice sheet
- remover
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
- E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
- E01H5/12—Apparatus or implements specially adapted for breaking, disintegrating, or loosening layers of ice or hard snow with or without clearing or removing ; Roughening ice or hard snow by means of tools
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Road Repair (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of road surface rapid deicing apparatus with vibrating function, including some groups of ice removers, deicing roller, vibrating shaft system and support, wherein, described ice remover is arranged on deicing roller, deicing roller is connected with vibrating shaft system, and vibrating shaft system is fixed on support;Described ice remover includes rake face, two main cutting edges, two front cutting edges, point of a knife and solder side, and ice remover is fixing with deicing roller surface to be connected, and two front cutting edges produce the effect cut to ice sheet, make ice sheet rupture;Described vibrating shaft system, including hydraulic motor, outer vibrating shaft, internal vibration axle, bearing and spring, wherein, outer vibrating shaft and internal vibration axle are all off axle, and internal vibration axle is supported in the cavity of outer vibrating shaft by copper sheathing, and outer vibrating shaft is arranged on connection dish by bearing and bearing block, and be connected with deicing roller by buffer, hydraulic motor connects outer vibrating shaft, drives internal vibration axle to rotate together by spline housing, produces exciting force.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to deicing mechanical field, specifically, relate to a kind of road surface rapid deicing apparatus with vibrating function.
Background technology
China's south limit snowfall latitude will be low compared with any continent of world's same latitude.Along with the aggravation of Global Greenhouse Effect, snow precipitation line constantly south is moved, and causes the land area coverage of ice and snow constantly to expand.Winter Snow, road surface makes snow to be first melted into water with the temperature difference of the snow that falls, and then forms ice sheet with new snow, if clearing up not in time, road pavement being constituted a serious threat safely, even occurring affecting the generation of the disaster of people's productive life.
Most common snow removing de-icing method is applied to have the method for melting and Mechanical Method two kinds.The method of melting is dependent on heat effect or spreading chemical agent makes ice dissolution, and its advantage is that removing rate is high, but this method cost is high, and easily causes environmental pollution.Although environment-friendly snowmelt agent has come out, the impact on environment and vegetation decreases, but the most thoroughly eradicates, and therefore range is subject to certain restrictions.Mechanical Method is to be solved the harm of deicing by mechanically direct effect, although removing rate is relatively low, but pollution-free to environment and vegetation, can realize the transferring other spots of ice and snow, and range of application is wider.
At present, external deicing equipment relative maturity, although the deicing machinery of China has a great development, but its aggregate level is compared with developed countries, and product variety and performance also have the biggest gap, do not adapt to the demand of highway in China high speed development.
Authorization Notice No. is that the Chinese patent literature of CN201386266 describes a kind of towed ice-breaking snow-removing apparatus, this device is mechanically connected with power traction, is driven the snow cylinder that opens ice, the orientation ice discharging snow actuator such as conveying blade, liftable collection snow cave shovel by chain sprocket drive mechanism.Authorization Notice No. is that the Chinese patent literature of CN202500115 describes a kind of highway integration deicer, the parallelogram lifting mechanism installed by frame interior and height-regulating mechanism thereof, planing tool rolling and steel brush rolling, complete road surface deicing and salting, sand work.Authorization Notice No. is that the Chinese patent literature of CN202164571U describes a kind of vibration spade type icebreaking snow remover, i.e. vibrating motor vibration snow cave shovel, left and right Driven by Hydraulic Cylinder left and right quadric chain translation snow cave shovel.Application publication number is that the Chinese patent of CN103276685A describes a kind of road surface deicing machine, is made up of frame, draw bar, power transmission shaft, knife rest grillage, knife rest plate, vertical marking knife, wheel, hydraulic lift, belt pulley, bent axle, oblique scraper plate etc..Application publication number is that the Chinese patent of CN103526712A describes a kind of Novel ice remover, and primary structure includes the parts such as steel wire rolling and push pedal.
Authorization Notice No. is that the Chinese patent literature of CN202164571U considers deicing operation extraneous vibration in the mode of opening ice, but mode of vibration relies on vibrating motor, frequency of vibration is lacked and adjusts, vibrate simultaneously and cut and extrude two kinds of shortage effectively combinations between mode of opening ice, in addition,, there is the weakness that can ensure that left and right hydraulic cylinder synchronous drives in the version of its designed left and right quadric chain.Other documents each use different version to realize deicing operation, but the mode of opening ice relies primarily on each actuator and completes the cutting squeezing action of ice sheet, lack the concrete research to cutting squeezing parameter.
Therefore, how to design mechanical deicing's device of a kind of brand new, be the problem that need to solve of those skilled in the art's letter.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to solve the problems referred to above, propose a kind of road surface rapid deicing apparatus with vibrating function, this device utilizes vehicle for power source, transform and install road surface rapid deicing apparatus, use hydraulic driving mode, utilize deicing Job execution part deicing roller to be crushed by the snow of the ice on road surface or compacting, peel off with ground, the action of deicing roller effectively combines two kinds of modes that open ice of cutting extruding and vibration, improves deicing effect and efficiency, it is achieved that road surface deicing operation.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of road surface rapid deicing apparatus with vibrating function, including some groups of ice removers, deicing roller, vibrating shaft system and support, wherein, described ice remover is arranged on deicing roller, and deicing roller is connected with vibrating shaft system, and vibrating shaft system is fixed on support;
Described ice remover includes rake face, two main cutting edges, two front cutting edges, point of a knife and solder side, two main cutting edges and rake face lower surface angle are 69 °~71 °, after ice remover is modulated heat treatment, solder side oblique weld is passed through on deicing roller with deicing roller surface, article two, front cutting edge produces the effect cut to ice sheet, makes ice sheet rupture;
Described vibrating shaft system, including hydraulic motor, outer vibrating shaft, internal vibration axle, bearing and spring, wherein, outer vibrating shaft and internal vibration axle are all off axle, and internal vibration axle is cut away from the part of position of centre of gravity, internal vibration axle is supported in the cavity of outer vibrating shaft by copper sheathing, outer vibrating shaft is arranged on connection dish by bearing and bearing block, and is connected with deicing roller by buffer, and hydraulic motor connects outer vibrating shaft, drive internal vibration axle to rotate together by spline housing, produce exciting force.
Described two main cutting edges and rake face lower surface angle are 69 °~71 °.
Described ice remover is 15 ° with the angle of deicing roller, and ice remover is welded on deicing roller.
Described main cutting edge, the knife face of front cutting edge can become more and more wider along with the rolling of deicing roller, and ice sheet produces the effect of extruding.
Ice sheet is cut by described front cutting edge along the slight crack direction of ice sheet Natural Ruptures, reduces cutting resistance.
The axle head internal spline of described outer vibrating shaft and the axle head external splines of internal vibration axle are coupled together with the spline housing of inside and outside spline by one.
The internal spline of described spline housing external splines with internal vibration axle all the time engages.
Described internal vibration axle is engagement with the internal spline of outer vibrating shaft, changes the relative position of the eccentric block of inside and outside vibrating shaft, then changes the amplitude of vibrating shaft system.
The class of the amplitude modulation of described amplitude depends on the number of teeth of the external splines of spline housing.
Described vibrating shaft system also includes former, and former is connected with outer vibrating shaft by screw, is used for increasing eccentric throw.
The operation principle of the present invention is:
The snow of the ice on road surface or compacting is crushed so that it is separate with road surface and be fragmented into fritter.And the physical-mechanical properties of the snow of ice and compacting is largely fixed the method for snow and the effect of ice and the compacting removing on road, in the design, takes into full account the physical-mechanical properties of ice and snow.The obvious feature of snow fragility according to ice and compacting, relies on ice remover cut and extrude ice sheet, makes ice sheet internal generation stress and ruptures broken, peeling off with ground.In view of the hardness of ice sheet under different temperatures and deicing effect, the operating type of deicing adnexa is designed to roll and be aided with the mode of vibration, and for road pavement ice sheet, upper and lower rolls active force to existing, there is again effect of vibration power, make deicing effect become apparent from.
When deicing roller rolls deicing on ice sheet, the point of a knife of ice remover is initially cut ice sheet, the blade width now cutting ice sheet is the least, rolling along with deicing roller, the blade of incision ice sheet is more and more wider, forms the extruding to ice remover both sides ice sheet, and after master, knife face is more and more wider, form downward pressure from ice sheet upper strata, force ice sheet to crush.When there being multiple rows of ice remover incision ice sheet, a raw region of opening ice between four the most adjacent ice removers.Opening ice in territory at this, along with deicing roller rolls, blade is constantly cut inside ice sheet, and the minor flank of two ice removers in left and right forms inside extruding force to the ice sheet in region of opening ice;Rake face and a minor flank of top ice remover produce extruding force downwards and to the left to region of opening ice;After the master of lower section ice remover, region of opening ice is produced upwards and the extruding force of both sides to the left and right by knife face and two minor flanks;Meanwhile, each blade of ice remover continues cutting ice sheet, adding the deicing roller pressure to ice sheet, under the comprehensive function of these power, the ice sheet opened ice in region is separated with outer ice-layer, form one plot of independent ice sheet, the internal mutually extruding of this ice sheet, finally ruptures, forms the ice cube of easy-clear, depart from ground, complete deicing operation process.This process is constantly carried out in whole ice detachment, forms continuous print icebreaking service process.
During ice remover work, after point of a knife touches ice sheet, due to the effect of deicing roller pressure, two front cutting edges produce shear action to ice sheet, make ice sheet rupture.Along with the rolling of deicing roller, after master, knife face and minor flank become more and more wider, and ice sheet produces the effect of extruding.Ice sheet a blade be cut into leave during this period of time in, blade be constantly in ice sheet cut, squeeze, in pressure effect, until ice sheet ruptures.Ice sheet is when by surface pressing, and the vehicle direct of travel when slight crack direction that ice sheet ruptures is pressed into pressure about becomes 15 ° or 75 °.Article two, ice sheet is cut by front cutting edge along the slight crack direction of ice sheet Natural Ruptures, reduces cutting resistance;Slight crack both sides ice sheet is extruded by two minor flanks along the normal orientation of ice sheet slight crack, reduces extrusion stress equally.Ice detachment power reduction, but deicing efficiency increases, and farthest extends the service life of ice remover.
The invention have the benefit that
(1) when deicing roller rolls deicing on ice sheet, the point of a knife of ice remover is initially cut ice sheet, the blade width now cutting ice sheet is the least, rolling along with deicing roller, the blade of incision ice sheet is more and more wider, forms the extruding to ice remover both sides ice sheet, and after master, knife face is more and more wider, form downward pressure from ice sheet upper strata, force ice sheet to crush;
(2) under deicing mixing ice remover comprehensive function, the ice sheet opened ice in region is separated with outer ice-layer, forms one plot of independent ice sheet, the internal mutually extruding of this ice sheet, finally ruptures, forms the ice cube of easy-clear, depart from ground, complete deicing operation process;
(3) according to the obvious feature of snow fragility of ice and compacting, rely on the ice remover of deicing adnexa cut and extrude ice sheet, make ice sheet internal generation stress and rupture broken, peeling off with ground;
(4) hardness and the deicing effect of ice sheet under different temperatures are considered, the operating type of deicing adnexa is designed to roll and be aided with the mode of vibration, and for road pavement ice sheet, upper and lower rolls active force to existing, there is again effect of vibration power, make deicing effect become apparent from.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the arrangement schematic diagram of the ice remover of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the vibrating shaft system schematic of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the deicer right view of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of ice remover in the present invention;
Wherein: 1, hydraulic motor;2, spline housing;3, copper sheathing;4, outer vibrating shaft;5, internal vibration axle;6, former;7, bearing;8, spline housing;9, spring;10, connection dish;11, buffer;12, deicing roller;13, bearing block;14, hydraulic cylinder;15, hydraulic cylinder II;16, dodge device, 17, ice remover, 18, main cutting edge, 19, front cutting edge, 20, minor flank, 21, main after knife face, 22, rake face.
Detailed description of the invention:
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As it is shown in figure 1, the design structure is as it is shown in figure 1, deicer includes by hydraulic motor 1, deicing roller 12, vibrating shaft system and support, above-mentioned each parts are connected to vehicle front portion and are provided by power.
Ice remover 17 include rake face 22, two main cutting edge 18, two front cutting edge 19, two minor flank 20, main after knife face 21, point of a knife and solder side, two main cutting edges 18 are 69 °~71 ° with rake face 22 lower surface angle, after ice remover is modulated heat treatment, it is welded on deicing roller 12 in 15 ° of angles with deicing roller 12, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5, this shape and structure can make deicing operation produce optimum efficiency.During ice remover work, after point of a knife touches ice sheet, due to the effect of deicing roller 12 pressure, two front cutting edges 19 produce the effect cut, make ice sheet rupture ice sheet.Along with the rolling of deicing roller 12, after master, knife face 21 and minor flank 20 become more and more wider, and ice sheet produces the effect of extruding.Ice sheet a blade be cut into leave during this period of time in, blade be constantly in ice sheet cut, squeeze, in pressure effect, until ice sheet ruptures.Ice sheet is when by surface pressing, and the vehicle direct of travel when slight crack direction that ice sheet ruptures is pressed into pressure about becomes 15 ° or 75 °.Article two, ice sheet is cut by front cutting edge along the slight crack direction of ice sheet Natural Ruptures, reduces cutting resistance;Slight crack both sides ice sheet is extruded by two minor flanks along the normal orientation of ice sheet slight crack, reduces extrusion stress equally.Ice detachment power reduction, but deicing efficiency increases, and farthest extends the service life of ice remover.
Vibrating shaft system uses eccentric shaft type vibrating wheels, it is achieved multistage luffing, eccentric mass is distributed in eccentric shaft total length, by the different corners of adjustment activity eccentric shaft from fixed eccentric shaft, to obtain different eccentric moments, thus realizes amplitude modulation function.As it is shown on figure 3, vibrating shaft system is mainly made up of hydraulic motor 1, spline 2, copper sheathing 3, outer vibrating shaft 4, internal vibration axle 5, former 6, bearing 7, spline housing 8, spring 9.Outer vibrating shaft 4 and internal vibration axle 5 are all off axle, and internal vibration axle 5 is cut away from the part of position of centre of gravity, the most not only saves material, also increases its eccentric throw.Internal vibration axle 5 is supported in the cavity of outer vibrating shaft 4 by copper sheathing 3, and the axle head internal spline of outer vibration eccentric shaft 4 and the axle head external splines of internal vibration eccentric shaft 5 are coupled together by a spline housing 8 with inside and outside spline.Outer vibrating shaft 4 is arranged on connection dish 10 by bearing 7 and bearing block 13, and is connected with deicing roller 12 by buffer 11.Hydraulic motor 1 drives outer vibration eccentric shaft 4 by spline 2, and drives internal vibration eccentric shaft 5 to rotate together by spline housing 8, produces exciting force.When needs regulation vibrating shaft amplitude, utilize outside handheld device, catch on the hole on spline housing 8, pull out to the right, until the internal spline of the external splines of spline housing 8 and inner eccentric shaft 4 disengages.The internal spline of spline housing 8 external splines with internal vibration axle 5 all the time engages.Rotating hand equipment drives internal vibration axle 5 to recover engagement with the internal spline of outer vibrating shaft 4, changes the relative position of the eccentric block of inside and outside vibration eccentric shaft, then changes the amplitude of vibrating shaft system.The class of amplitude modulation depends on the half of the number of teeth of the external splines of spline housing 8, the generally number of teeth.Characteristic, national standard and its economy according to ice and snow, is designed to the spline housing that the outer number of teeth is 10, then its class is 5, center of gravity in the same direction time be peak swing, be minimum amplitude when center of gravity is reverse.The effect of former 6 is to increase eccentric throw, is connected with outer vibrating shaft 4 by screw, if therefore amplitude cannot meet requirement, can change the size of amplitude by changing the former 6 of Different Weight.
The Main Function of deicing adnexa is to be crushed by the snow of the ice on road surface or compacting so that it is separates with road surface and is fragmented into fritter.And the physical-mechanical properties of the snow of ice and compacting is largely fixed the method for snow and the effect of ice and the compacting removing on road, in the design, takes into full account the physical-mechanical properties of ice and snow.The obvious feature of snow fragility according to ice and compacting, relies on the ice remover of deicing adnexa cut and extrude ice sheet, makes ice sheet internal generation stress and ruptures broken, peeling off with ground.In view of the hardness of ice sheet under different temperatures and deicing effect, the operating type of deicing adnexa is designed to roll and be aided with the mode of vibration, and for road pavement ice sheet, upper and lower rolls active force to existing, there is again effect of vibration power, make deicing effect become apparent from.
When deicing roller 12 rolls deicing on ice sheet, the point of a knife of ice remover 17 is initially cut ice sheet, the blade width now cutting ice sheet is the least, rolling along with deicing roller, the blade of incision ice sheet is more and more wider, forms the extruding to ice remover both sides ice sheet, and after master, knife face is more and more wider, form downward pressure from ice sheet upper strata, force ice sheet to crush.When there being three eliminating skates incision ice sheets, a raw region of opening ice between four the most adjacent ice removers.Opening ice in territory at this, along with deicing roller rolls, blade is constantly cut inside ice sheet, and the minor flank of two ice removers in left and right forms inside extruding force to the ice sheet in region of opening ice;Rake face and a minor flank of top ice remover produce extruding force downwards and to the left to region of opening ice;After the master of lower section ice remover, region of opening ice is produced upwards and the extruding force of both sides to the left and right by knife face and two minor flanks;Meanwhile, each blade of ice remover continues cutting ice sheet, adding the deicing roller pressure to ice sheet, under the comprehensive function of these power, the ice sheet opened ice in region is separated with outer ice-layer, form one plot of independent ice sheet, the internal mutually extruding of this ice sheet, finally ruptures, forms the ice cube of easy-clear, depart from ground, complete deicing operation process.This process is constantly carried out in whole ice detachment, forms continuous print icebreaking service process.
During deicer work, deicing roller 12 relies on the motive force rolls forward of vehicle, ice sheet is rolled deicing, utilizes deicing roller blade to crush ice sheet, and its rolling speed u1 is equal to the translational speed of vehicle;Vibrating shaft system, with hydraulic motor 1 as power, rotates independent of deicing roller 12, and its speed is u2 (u2 > > u1), produces vibration, by buffer 11, vibration is sent to deicing roller, as also shown in Figure 1.
In order to increase the pressure to ice face, also for ensureing that vehicle reduces the abrasion unnecessary to blade when without travelling on ice ground, it is provided with hydraulic cylinder 14, hydraulic cylinder II 15 and dodges device 16, as shown in Figure 4.In order to increase the pressure to ice face, hydraulic cylinder II 15 can be made to be maintained in normal operation position, hydraulic cylinder 14 extends, now, propping up and erect leverage, power reaches to be dodged on device 16, dodge the spring-compressed in device 16, produce elastic force, be finally applied to the both sides of deicing roller, make deicing roller that the pressure in ice face to be increased.When hydraulic cylinder 14 and hydraulic cylinder II 15 all shrink, deicing roller will be lifted away from ground, and such vehicle just can improve its motility without travelling on ice ground.
When needing deicing, fast running to job site and can will not damage blade and road surface.During icebreaking service, inevitably running into barrier, as do not solved to dodge the problem of obstacle, equipment easily damages, and affects normal operation.
Dodging device 16 except increasing in addition to the deicing roller pressure to ice face, its Main Function is exactly to make deicing roller dodge the barrier run into.I.e. when deicing roller runs into barrier, spring is compressed, and deicing roller is rotated around bearing pin by connection boom, and device 16 is dodged in compression, thus surmounts obstacles, and after deicing roller clears the jumps, dodges device 16 and resiles, and deicing roller continues normally to open ice.Dodge the optional all types of buffering devices with spring of device 16.
Although the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described by the above-mentioned accompanying drawing that combines; but not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme, those skilled in the art need not to pay various amendments or deformation that creative work can make still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. there is a road surface rapid deicing apparatus for vibrating function, it is characterized in that: include some groups of ice removers, deicing roller,
Vibrating shaft system and support, wherein, described ice remover is arranged on deicing roller, and deicing roller is connected with vibrating shaft system, vibration
Axle system is fixed on support;Described ice remover include rake face, two main cutting edges, two front cutting edges, point of a knife, solder side,
Knife face and minor flank after master, ice remover is fixing with deicing roller surface to be connected, and two front cutting edges produce the effect cut to ice sheet,
Ice sheet is made to rupture;Described vibrating shaft system, including hydraulic motor, outer vibrating shaft, internal vibration axle, bearing and spring, wherein,
Outer vibrating shaft and internal vibration axle are all off axle, and internal vibration axle is supported in the cavity of outer vibrating shaft by copper sheathing, outer vibrating shaft
Being arranged on connection dish by bearing and bearing block, and be connected with deicing roller by buffer, hydraulic motor connects outer vibrating shaft,
Drive internal vibration axle to rotate together by spline housing, produce exciting force;
Described two main cutting edges and rake face lower surface angle are 69 °~71 °;
Described ice remover is 15 ° with the angle of deicing roller, and ice remover is fixing with deicing roller to be connected;
A raw region of opening ice between four the most adjacent ice removers;Opening ice in territory at this, along with deicing roller rolls, blade is not
Inside disconnected incision ice sheet, the minor flank of two ice removers in left and right forms inside extruding force to the ice sheet in region of opening ice;Top
The rake face of ice remover and a minor flank produce extruding force downwards and to the left to region of opening ice;After the master of lower section ice remover
Region of opening ice is produced upwards and the extruding force of both sides to the left and right by knife face and two minor flanks;Meanwhile, ice remover is each
Blade continues cutting ice sheet, adds the deicing roller pressure to ice sheet, under the comprehensive function of these power, opens ice in region
Ice sheet is separated with outer ice-layer, forms one plot of independent ice sheet, the internal mutually extruding of this independent ice sheet, finally ruptures.
There is the road surface rapid deicing apparatus of vibrating function the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described outer vibrating shaft
Axle head internal spline and the axle head external splines of internal vibration axle coupled together with the spline housing of inside and outside spline by one.
There is the road surface rapid deicing apparatus of vibrating function the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described spline housing
Internal spline external splines with internal vibration axle all the time engages.
There is the road surface rapid deicing apparatus of vibrating function the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described internal vibration axle
It is engagement with the internal spline of outer vibrating shaft, changes the relative position of the eccentric block of inside and outside vibrating shaft, then change vibrating shaft
The amplitude of system.
There is the road surface rapid deicing apparatus of vibrating function the most as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: the tune of described amplitude
The class of width depends on the number of teeth of the external splines of spline housing.
There is the road surface rapid deicing apparatus of vibrating function the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described vibrating shaft system
System also includes former, and former is connected with outer vibrating shaft by screw, is used for increasing eccentric throw.
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CN200940250Y (en) * | 2006-08-18 | 2007-08-29 | 山东临工工程机械有限公司 | Multiple amplitude of vibration regulating mechanism of vibroroller |
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