CN104402403B - A kind of preparation method of incinerator ash curing heavy metal high-strength ceramic granule - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of incinerator ash curing heavy metal high-strength ceramic granule Download PDFInfo
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- CN104402403B CN104402403B CN201410552751.4A CN201410552751A CN104402403B CN 104402403 B CN104402403 B CN 104402403B CN 201410552751 A CN201410552751 A CN 201410552751A CN 104402403 B CN104402403 B CN 104402403B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of incinerator ash curing heavy metal high-strength ceramic granule, rubbish ash, saline soil 5, glass powder, calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate are mixed in certainweight ratio, ratio of water to material is 0.25 ~ 0.40, makes spheroidal particle, then drying, sintering process are made; Recycling for rubbish opens more wide purposes channel; The present invention is using danger wastes---and incineration of refuse flyash, as haydite materials, is prepared into high-strength ceramic granule by special process, even if also there is extremely significant heavy metals immobilization performance in the presence of a harsh environment, has high stability and security.The present invention had both achieved harmless treatment, the recycling of solid waste, turn avoid secondary pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to material of construction and Hazardous wastes process disposal technology field, particularly relate to a kind of preparation method of incinerator ash curing heavy metal high-strength ceramic granule.
Background technology
At present, China's economic construction obtains the achievement attracted people's attention, and produced problem also gets more and more simultaneously.As, the domestic refuse increased rapidly, has become the stumbling-block of restriction urban sustainable development.Statistic data shows: Chinese city in 2013 year domestic refuse amount more than 200,000,000 tons, and the ratio that greenization process accounts for is less than 1 15.The rubbish total amount of piling up nearly 10,000,000,000 tons, the soil taken reaches 800,000 mu, and this causes extremely severe harm to physical environment.Waste incineration can reduce the volume of rubbish greatly, generally can reduce to 5% ~ 30% of original volume, and reduces organic toxicant, burns the waste heat produced and also can be used to the purposes such as generating.Still have a large amount of lime-ash after waste incineration, its major part, under the fire grate of incinerator, also all can have lime-ash at smoke duster, waste heat boiler etc.After waste incineration, bottom ash accounts for greatly 80% ~ 90% of total quantity of slag; And flying dust only accounts for total quantity of slag 10% ~ 20%.The harmful substance contents of bottom ash is less, as general disposition of solid waste; But the toxicity of flying dust comparatively Gao Buying is at will disposed easily.Cause the higher reason of flying dust toxicity to have two, the first, heavy metal is vaporization at high temperature when waste incineration, sticks on flying dust in purification system; In addition, waste incineration can produce dioxin ， dioxin also can burn time stick on flying dust.Therefore, containing the heavy metal that concentration is higher in incineration of refuse flyash, as plumbous, cadmium.Dioxins also containing high density, generally needed first through overcuring, stabilization treatment before carrying out ultimate disposal to them.
Current, the major technique that flying dust is disposed mainly contains: melting and solidification technology, cement solidification, chemical agent solidification and stabilization etc., product after safe handling, as met Leaching standard or meeting recycling standard, common landfill yard can be entered and carry out landfill stabilization or carry out recycling.Very high owing to utilizing above-mentioned technology to dispose garbage flying ash cost, carry out simple landfill so be still for most flying ash at present.And domestic practical situation are: on the one hand, landfill place is nervous, and construction infusion of financial resources is surprising, and flying dust first carries out the expense too high (1500 yuan/ton ~ 2500 yuan/ton) of landfill again through solidification; On the other hand, if the simple landfill of flying ash disposal options, its heavy metal will stripping, causes serious harm to HUMAN HEALTH and ecotope.Therefore, how to take suitable technical finesse flying ash, and reach stabilization, resource utilization and innoxious target, become the emphasis of current many scholar's research.
No. 200610013336.7 " haydites utilizing incineration of refuse flyash to be raw material and preparation method thereof " of No. 201210127664.5 " a kind of methods utilizing incineration of refuse flyash and glass powder to prepare haydite " of Peng Xiaochun and Wu Yanyu of South China Institute of Environmental Sciences. MEP and the highlighted of Taida Environmental Protection Co., Ltd., Tianjin etc.; it utilizes incineration of refuse flyash to prepare haydite, disposes flying ash provide new channel for building material industry.But both all have certain limitation in haydite intensity, water-intake rate and heavy metals immobilization, be also significantly improved and room for promotion.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present inventor, through lot of experiments, have developed a kind of preparation method of incinerator ash curing heavy metal high-strength ceramic granule.
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of incinerator ash curing heavy metal high-strength ceramic granule, and step comprises:
1) by saline soil, rubbish ash and cullet, 0.6mm square hole sieve is crossed after drying, fragmentation, ball milling respectively, for subsequent use.
2) compound of baking ceramsite, is made up of the component of following weight percent: rubbish ash 60% ~ 80%; Saline soil 5% ~ 20%; Glass powder 5% ~ 10%; Calcium carbonate 3% ~ 6%; Sodium carbonate 3% ~ 6%; The weight ratio of water material is 0.25 ~ 0.40.
3) get after each component stirs, put into nodulizer and make spherical pellet particle.
4) by step 3) to put into loft drier dry for gained pellet particle, and then put into retort furnace, sinter according to following technological process:
Preheating: with the temperature rise rate of 6 ~ 10 DEG C/minute, is raised to 400 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C by room temperature, is incubated 30 ~ 50 minutes;
Roasting: at 1050 DEG C ~ 1150 DEG C insulation 5-25 minute, temperature rise rate 10 ~ 15 DEG C/minute;
Cooling annealing: when more than 600 DEG C, with the speed fast cooling of 20 DEG C/minute; Spherolite takes out after being down to 600 DEG C by temperature from retort furnace, puts at room temperature naturally cooling, to obtain final product.
Step 1) in cullet, can be simple glass plate, vial, white glass etc.
As further optimisation technique scheme, step 3) in the particle diameter of pellet particle be chosen as 0.6 ~ 1.2cm.
As further optimisation technique scheme, step 2) in whipping agent calcium carbonate be 1:1.5 with the ratio of sodium carbonate.
As further optimisation technique scheme, time dry in loft drier, select drying temperature to be 105 DEG C, time of drying is 12 hours.
Advantage and disadvantage of the present invention:
1. the present invention is that the recycling of rubbish opens more wide purposes channel.Danger wastes-incineration of refuse flyash is prepared rubbish ash high-strength ceramic granule as raw material by the present invention, has both achieved the harmless treatment of solid waste, recycling, and turn avoid secondary pollution.
2. the product high-strength ceramic granule that prepared by the present invention has light weight, high-strength, durable in use and the advantage that heavy metals immobilization is effective, can as lagging material; The capital construction of current China advances very fast, and required material of construction also increases greatly, and this haydite also can replace sandstone as the aggregate in light weight concrete, greatly can alleviate the pressure of nature aggregate.
3. present invention achieves toxic heavy metal in effective dual cure incineration of refuse flyash, achieve the dual cure of the heavy metals such as the lead in garbage flying ash, copper.The Leaching of haydite is all well below national standard, and this haydite also has extremely significant heavy metals immobilization performance for severe environment (under acid/alkaline condition), has high stability and security.Therefore, even if use incineration of refuse flyash preparation, this haydite still can be relieved for building and other industry.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the preparation flow figure of present method.
Wherein: 1. cinder from refuse incineration; 2. dry; 3. ball mill pulverizing; 4. glass powder; 5. saline soil; 6. whipping agent; 7. weigh; 8. stir; 9. granulation; 10. pellet is dry; 11. roastings; 12. coolings; 13. Performance Detection.
Embodiment
For the ease of the understanding of the present invention, be described in further details below, but do not limit the present invention.
When implementing of the present invention, according to different purposes, the particle diameter of pellet particle can be regulated.
Although illustrate invention has been, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that do not depart from as in appended claim define in marrow of the present invention and scope, multiple change can be carried out in form and details.
Embodiment 1
0.6mm square hole sieve is crossed by after saline soil, rubbish ash and cullet drying, fragmentation, ball milling; Get rubbish ash 60%, saline soil 18%, glass powder 10%, calcium carbonate 6% and sodium carbonate 6% by weight, mixing and stirring, ratio of water to material 0.3, obtains compound; Gained compound being put into nodulizer causes particle diameter to be the spherical pellet particle of 0.6 ~ 1.2cm; Pellet particle is put into loft drier at 105 DEG C dry 12 hours; Then dried raw material ball is put into retort furnace, sinters according to following technique:
Preheating temperature: with the temperature rise rate of 6 DEG C/minute, is raised to 400 DEG C by room temperature, is incubated 30 minutes;
Firing stage: 1150 DEG C are incubated 15 minutes, temperature rise rate 15 DEG C/minute;
Cooling annealing stage: when more than 600 DEG C, with the speed fast cooling of 20 DEG C/minute, during to 600 DEG C, haydite is taken out to put from retort furnace at room temperature cool rapidly, obtain incinerator ash curing heavy metal high-strength ceramic granule.
The unit weight of gained haydite is 800kg/m
3, cylindrical compress strength is 10.52Mp, and water-intake rate is 6.94%.Its physical strength and heavy metal contamination index all meet the requirement of country's building high-strength lightweight.
According to standard GB/T 5085.2-1997 " solid waste Leaching leaching method-level concussion method ", flying dust and this product haydite Leaching are tested, haydite leaching concentration Cu is 0.0718mg/L, Zn be 0.4199mg/L, Pb be 0.0900mg/L, Cr is 0.0422mg/L, well below the requirement of " Hazardous wastes judging standard and hazard waste landfill standard ".
Embodiment 2
Get rubbish ash 70% by weight percentage; Saline soil 10%; Glass powder 8%; Calcium carbonate 6% and sodium carbonate 6%, mixing and stirring; By ratio of water to material 0.26, obtain compound; Gained compound being put into nodulizer causes particle diameter to be the spherical pellet particle of 0.6 ~ 1.2cm; Pellet particle is put into loft drier at 105 DEG C dry 12 hours; Then dried raw material ball is put into retort furnace, sinters according to following technique:
Preheating temperature: with the temperature rise rate of 8 DEG C/minute, is raised to 400 DEG C by room temperature, is incubated 40 minutes;
Firing stage: 1100 DEG C are incubated 25 minutes, temperature rise rate 10 DEG C/minute;
Cooling annealing stage: when more than 600 DEG C, with the speed fast cooling of 20 DEG C/minute, during to 600 DEG C, haydite is taken out to put from retort furnace at room temperature cool rapidly, obtain incinerator ash curing heavy metal high-strength ceramic granule.
The unit weight of gained haydite is 742kg/m
3, cylindrical compress strength is 6.48Mp, and water-intake rate is 2.94%, and its physical strength and heavy metal contamination index all meet the requirement of country's building high-strength lightweight.
According to standard GB/T 5085.2-1997 " solid waste Leaching leaching method-level concussion method ", flying dust and haydite Leaching are tested, haydite leaching concentration Cu is 0.0769mg/L, Zn be 0.4384mg/L, Pb be 0.1005mg/L, Cr is 0.0411mg/L, well below the requirement of " Hazardous wastes judging standard and hazard waste landfill standard ".
Embodiment 3
Get rubbish ash 75%, saline soil 5%, glass powder 10%, calcium carbonate 4% and sodium carbonate mixing and stirring by weight percentage; By ratio of water to material 0.26, obtain compound.Gained compound being put into nodulizer causes particle diameter to be the spherical pellet particle of 0.6 ~ 1.2cm; Pellet particle is put into loft drier at 105 DEG C dry 12 hours; Then dried raw material ball is put into retort furnace, sinters according to following technique:
Preheating temperature: with the temperature rise rate of 10 DEG C/minute, is raised to 500 DEG C by room temperature, is incubated 40 minutes;
Firing stage: 1100 DEG C are incubated 20 minutes, temperature rise rate 12 DEG C/minute;
Cooling annealing stage: when more than 600 DEG C, with the speed fast cooling of 20 DEG C/minute, during to 600 DEG C, haydite is taken out to put from retort furnace at room temperature cool rapidly, obtain incinerator ash curing heavy metal high-strength ceramic granule.
The unit weight of gained haydite is 663kg/m
3, cylindrical compress strength is 5.35Mp, and water-intake rate is 7.6%, and its physical strength and heavy metal contamination index all meet the requirement of country's building high-strength lightweight.
According to standard GB/T 5085.2-1997 " solid waste Leaching leaching method-level concussion method ", flying dust and haydite Leaching are tested, haydite leaching concentration Cu is 0.0611mg/L, Zn be 0.4164mg/L, Pb be 0.0736mg/L, Cr is 0.0427mg/L, well below the requirement of " Hazardous wastes judging standard and hazard waste landfill standard ".
Embodiment 4
Get rubbish ash 65%, saline soil 15%, glass powder 8%, calcium carbonate 6% and sodium carbonate 6% mixing and stirring by weight percentage; By ratio of water to material 0.26, obtain compound.Gained compound being put into nodulizer causes particle diameter to be the spherical pellet particle of 0.6 ~ 1.2cm; Pellet particle is put into loft drier at 105 DEG C dry 12 hours; Then dried raw material ball is put into retort furnace, sinters according to following technique:
Preheating temperature: with the temperature rise rate of 10 DEG C/minute, is raised to 600 DEG C by room temperature, is incubated 50 minutes;
Firing stage: 1140 DEG C are incubated 20 minutes, temperature rise rate 15 DEG C/minute;
Cooling annealing stage: when more than 600 DEG C, with the speed fast cooling of 20 DEG C/minute, during to 600 DEG C, haydite is taken out to put from retort furnace at room temperature cool rapidly, obtain incinerator ash curing heavy metal high-strength ceramic granule.
The unit weight of gained haydite is 776kg/m
3, cylindrical compress strength is 9.97Mp, and water-intake rate is 7.2%, and its physical strength and heavy metal contamination index all meet the requirement of country's building high-strength lightweight.
According to standard GB/T 5085.2-1997 " solid waste Leaching leaching method-level concussion method ", flying dust and haydite Leaching are tested, haydite leaching concentration Cu is 0.0787mg/L, Zn be 0.3812mg/L, Pb be 0.0986mg/L, Cr is 0.0363mg/L, well below the requirement of " Hazardous wastes judging standard and hazard waste landfill standard ".
Simultaneous test 1
Adopt standard GB/T 5085.2-1997 " solid waste Leaching leaching method-level concussion method ", flying dust Leaching is tested, and the content flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer of Cu, Zn, Pb, the Cr in leach liquor is measured, the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 garbage flying ash Leaching experimental result (mg/L)
After making haydite by the inventive method, under severe environment (acid/alkaline condition), the leaching detected result display of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, its Leaching, all well below national standard, shows that this haydite has high stability and security.The results are shown in Table 2.
The leaching detected result of table 2 haydite (acid/alkaline condition) Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr in the presence of a harsh environment
Claims (4)
1. a preparation method for incinerator ash curing heavy metal high-strength ceramic granule, is characterized in that comprising step:
1) by saline soil, rubbish ash and cullet, 0.6mm square hole sieve is crossed after drying, fragmentation, ball milling respectively, for subsequent use;
2) compound of baking ceramsite, is made up of the component of following weight percent: rubbish ash 60% ~ 80%; Saline soil 5% ~ 20%; Glass powder 5% ~ 10%; Calcium carbonate 3% ~ 6%; Sodium carbonate 3% ~ 6%; The weight ratio of water material is 0.25 ~ 0.40;
3) get after each component stirs, put into nodulizer and make spherical pellet particle;
4) by step 3) to put into loft drier dry for gained pellet particle, and then put into retort furnace, sinter according to following technological process:
Preheating: with the temperature rise rate of 6 ~ 10 DEG C/minute, is raised to 400 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C by room temperature, is incubated 30 ~ 50 minutes;
Roasting: at 1050 DEG C ~ 1150 DEG C insulation 5-25 minute, temperature rise rate 10 ~ 15 DEG C/minute;
Cooling annealing: when more than 600 DEG C, with the speed fast cooling of 20 DEG C/minute; Spherolite takes out after being down to 600 DEG C by temperature from retort furnace, puts at room temperature naturally cooling, to obtain final product.
2. a preparation method for incinerator ash curing heavy metal high-strength ceramic granule as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the particle diameter of pellet particle is 0.6 ~ 1.2cm.
3. a preparation method for incinerator ash curing heavy metal high-strength ceramic granule as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that step 2) in whipping agent calcium carbonate be 1:1.5 with the ratio of sodium carbonate.
4. a preparation method for incinerator ash curing heavy metal high-strength ceramic granule as claimed in claim 1, when it is characterized in that dry in loft drier, drying temperature is 105 DEG C, and time of drying is 12 hours.
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| CN106278172A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-04 | 河南省建筑科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of municipal sludge curing heavy metal high-strength ceramic granule |
| CN108439935A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-08-24 | 冯乃谦 | Cure the manufacturing method of the environmentally protective concrete of heavy metal in lime-ash |
| CN111943641A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-17 | 庞俊峰 | Granulation additive for waste incineration fly ash and granulation method thereof |
| CN112871949A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-06-01 | 重庆正格技术创新服务有限公司 | Heavy metal recovery method based on waste incineration fly ash |
| CN113213891A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-08-06 | 浙江工商大学 | Ceramsite preparation method by utilizing waste incineration fly ash and prepared ceramsite |
| CN114751766A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-07-15 | 北京金隅红树林环保技术有限责任公司 | Light ceramsite fired by solid waste and method thereof |
| CN115041504A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-09-13 | 光大环境科技（中国）有限公司 | Harmless treatment process and system for waste incineration fly ash |
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| CN1715234A (en) * | 2004-06-28 | 2006-01-04 | 张维田 | Treating process and system for garbage incinerated ash |
| CN1830885A (en) * | 2006-03-20 | 2006-09-13 | 天津泰达环保有限公司 | Ceramicite using ash from incineration of refuse as raw material and its prodn. method |
| CN102643109A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-08-22 | 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所 | Method for preparing ceramsite by using waste incineration fly ash and waste glass |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1715234A (en) * | 2004-06-28 | 2006-01-04 | 张维田 | Treating process and system for garbage incinerated ash |
| CN1830885A (en) * | 2006-03-20 | 2006-09-13 | 天津泰达环保有限公司 | Ceramicite using ash from incineration of refuse as raw material and its prodn. method |
| CN102643109A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-08-22 | 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所 | Method for preparing ceramsite by using waste incineration fly ash and waste glass |
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