CN104401240B - A kind of off highway vehicle seat two-dimension non linearity vibration isolation suspension - Google Patents

A kind of off highway vehicle seat two-dimension non linearity vibration isolation suspension Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104401240B
CN104401240B CN201410687446.6A CN201410687446A CN104401240B CN 104401240 B CN104401240 B CN 104401240B CN 201410687446 A CN201410687446 A CN 201410687446A CN 104401240 B CN104401240 B CN 104401240B
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China
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spring
vibration isolation
bearing
negative
guide
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CN201410687446.6A
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CN104401240A (en
Inventor
闫振华
秦荦晟
范志海
宋健哲
秦绪喜
冯素丽
赵应祥
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Jilin University
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Jilin University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/50Seat suspension devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/38Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles specially constructed for use on tractors or like off-road vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of off highway vehicle seat two-dimension non linearity vibration isolation suspension, it is made up of vertical vibration isolation part and vibration isolation part front and back, vertically vibration isolation part and vibration isolation part front and back each serve as vertical direction and fore-and-aft direction vibration isolation effect, it is bolted between two parts, the present invention has vertical direction, fore-and-aft direction vibration isolation effect, and all use nonlinear isolation principle, there is low frequency vibration isolation effect, it is applicable to multiple off highway vehicle, is particularly suited for the off highway vehicle that this kind of porpoise of excavator is the biggest.

Description

A kind of off highway vehicle seat two-dimension non linearity vibration isolation suspension
Technical field
The present invention relates to off highway vehicle chair art, particularly relate to a kind of off highway vehicle seat two dimension Nonlinear isolation suspension.
Background technology
Off highway vehicle work under bad environment, driver bears multidimensional whole body vibration, works long hours continuously Driver often perplexed by pain in the lumbar region, the disease such as have a back ache, have a strong impact on work efficiency and cause with regard to ancient Chinese medical classics Ji loss is huge.Show according to epidemiological study, this pain in the lumbar region of off highway vehicle driver, have a back ache and ask Inscribe and bear whole body vibration environment and have much relations.Therefore, off highway vehicle vibration control problem is always One by the study hotspot of extensive concern.Seat is as last in off highway vehicle vibration transfer path Ring, due to bump contact direct with driver, for slowing down whole body vibration effect that driver bears extremely Close important.
Current off highway vehicle seat vibration isolation mainly uses the one-dimensional vertical side designed based on linear vibration isolation principle To vibration isolation suspension, and vibration isolation area research personnel known linear vibration isolation principle anti-vibration performance in theory is limited, Have that anti-vibration performance is good but contradiction that static displacement is big.For improving this contradiction of linear vibration isolation principle, research Personnel, by non-linear introducing vibration isolation, develop nonlinear isolation device, as Yan Zhenhua etc. design based on positive and negative The ultralow frequency vibration isolator of rigid spring parallel connection is i.e. based on nonlinear isolation principle design.It addition, there is research Active, semi-active control technology are applied to seat suspension, external world's energy that the loss of this kind of suspension is certain by personnel Source, and relatively costly.In general, for improving off highway vehicle seat anti-vibration performance, and consider economy Sex chromosome mosaicism, the technology being presently most suitable for is that nonlinear isolation principle is introduced off highway vehicle seat suspension.
It addition, current off highway vehicle seat suspension is mainly one-dimensional vertical direction vibration isolation, and highway There is multi-dimensional vibration during vehicle operation, multi-dimensional vibration causes driver's pain in the lumbar region, problem of having a back ache jointly, because of This multidimensional anti-vibration performance being necessary to extend seat suspension.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the deficiency for overcoming above-mentioned technology, i.e. limited by linear theory of vibration isolation, when Front chair suspension is unsuitable for low-frequency vibration environment, and actual application seat suspension is only one-dimensional vertical direction Vibration isolation suspension, is unsuitable for multi-dimensional vibration environment.The present invention provides a kind of based on nonlinear isolation principle non- Road vehicle seat two-dimension non linearity vibration isolation suspension.The present invention has vertical direction, fore-and-aft direction vibration isolation is made With, and all use nonlinear isolation principle, there is low frequency vibration isolation effect, it is adaptable to multiple highway car , it is particularly suited for the off highway vehicle that this kind of porpoise of excavator is the biggest.
The present invention is made up of vertical vibration isolation part and vibration isolation part front and back, vertical vibration isolation part and front and back every Part of shaking each serves as vertical direction and fore-and-aft direction vibration isolation effect, is bolted between two parts;
Described vertical vibration isolation part is by scissors suspension, main spring, flap, antivibrator, the first damping Device bearing pin, the second antivibrator bearing pin and the Liang Tao Negative stiffness spring mechanism composition being arranged symmetrically with;Described is negative Rigid spring mechanism include negative spring, negative spring lead, negative spring fairlead, support, curl plate, Gripper shoe, roller and bearing pin, gripper shoe is welded or is secured by bolts in the upper of scissors suspension sill Surface, two supports are secured by bolts in gripper shoe, in a symmetrical arrangement, two negative spring fairleads Being secured by bolts on support, become horizontal symmetry to arrange, negative spring lead becomes with negative spring fairlead Matched in clearance, plays horizontally-guided effect.Negative spring housing is connected on negative spring lead and negative spring fairlead, The two ends of negative spring withstand at the transverse plane of negative spring fairlead and negative spring lead respectively, thus realize Axially location, negative spring lead one end has ear mount structure, ear mount has endoporus, endoporus and bearing pin Between become interference fit, roller is assemblied on bearing pin, and roller becomes matched in clearance with bearing pin, thus ensures to roll Take turns freely rotatable;Curl plate is vertically arranged, curl plate upper end is fixed with upper board, and curl plate lower end is certainly By holding, for ensureing curl plate vertical direction stroke, gripper shoe having fluting, curl plate lower end is through being somebody's turn to do Fluting;Roller with contact at curl plate curl and can be along curl scroll-up/down, roller is along the song of curl plate When limit rolls, the stroke change of negative spring;Main spring becomes vertical direction to arrange, main spring and curl plate Parallel, the upper end of main spring withstands on upper board lower surface, and the lower end of main spring withstands on support plate upper surface, Play main carrying effect.Antivibrator is connected with scissors suspension top and flap by the first bearing pin and the second bearing pin Connecing, antivibrator is obliquely installed.
The vertically vibration isolation principle of vibration isolation part:
Negative stiffness spring mechanism, main spring, antivibrator and scissors suspension concur isolation vertical direction Low-frequency vibration.When driver sits on the seat, under gravity, roller is just and at curl plate curl Peak contacts, and when vehicle is by uneven road surface, vibration is reached at the bottom of scissors suspension by cab floor Portion, then reach negative spring mechanism and main spring.Under vibrational excitation, roller is at curl plate curl peak Locating upper and lower little scope to roll, play regulation effect, that i.e. can effectively isolate that vehicle floor catches is low Frequency vibration.
Before and after described, vibration isolation part is arranged in vertical vibration isolation part top or bottom, can form multiple assembling Form, is in as a example by top by it and illustrates.Vibration isolation part front and back is by upper board, front and back main spring Mechanism and horizontal spring mechanism composition, two pieces of upper boards are secured by bolts in the upper of scissors suspension entablature Surface, front and back main spring mechanism and horizontal spring arrangement of mechanism are on upper board;Front and back main spring mechanism is The axis of guide, the axis of guide arranged by fore-and-aft direction fix seat, guide bearing, guide bearing chock, Qian Houzhu Spring, seat basin connecting plate, fore-and-aft direction antivibrator, the first bearing and the second bearing composition, the axis of guide two End is fixed on the axis of guide to be fixed in seat, and the axis of guide is fixed seat and is secured by bolts in upper board, and seat basin connects Being bolted on plate and be fixed with four guide bearing chocks, guide bearing coordinates with the axis of guide and is placed in leading In bearing block;Front and back main spring is socketed on the axis of guide, and front and back guide bearing is passed through at the two ends of main spring Seat and the axis of guide are fixed seat and are axially positioned;Front and back main spring has four, divides and front and back arranges;Fore-and-aft direction Antivibrator and the first bearing and the second bearing are by hinge, and the first bearing is with seat basin connecting plate bolt even Connecing, the second bearing is connected with upper board bolt;Horizontal spring mechanism is to be led by horizontal spring, horizontal spring Xiang Zhu, horizontal spring fairlead, the first ear mount, the second ear mount, the first support and the second support composition, First support is by bolt or is weldingly fixed on upper board, and the second support is by bolt or is weldingly fixed on On seat basin connecting plate, the first ear mount is bolted and is fixed on the first support and the second support, and first Ear mount becomes horizontally disposed, and horizontal spring lead is hinged by bearing pin and the first ear mount, and horizontal spring guides Overlapping hinged by bearing pin and the second ear mount, horizontal spring is socketed on lead, and horizontal spring two ends are axial Location, is in compressive state.
The vibration isolation principle of fore-and-aft direction vibration isolation part:
When seat is vibrated by fore-and-aft direction, seat basin connecting plate porpoise, then before and after main spring decrement Change and horizontal spring rotate the change of contracting amount, thus play the effect of isolation fore-and-aft direction low-frequency vibration.
Beneficial effects of the present invention
1, the present invention has expanded existing suspension vibration isolation dimension, have the two dimension of vertical direction and fore-and-aft direction every Bestir oneself use.
2, present invention improves over existing seat suspension anti-vibration performance based on linear vibration isolation principle, by non-linear Principle introduces in seat vibration isolation suspension, the low frequency vibration isolation effect having had.
3, Nonlinear Two-Dimensional vibration isolation suspension of the present invention belongs to passive vibration isolation, it is not necessary to outside energy inputs, Compare active, semi-active type seat vibration isolation suspension, low cost and property stable and reliable for performance high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is first embodiment of the present invention schematic perspective view.
Fig. 2 is the vertical direction vibration isolation part isometric schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the negative spring mechanism schematic perspective view of the vertical direction vibration isolation partial symmetry layout of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the negative spring mechanism decomposing schematic representation of the vertical direction vibration isolation part of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is vibration isolation part isometric schematic diagram before and after the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the horizontal spring mechanism schematic perspective view of vibration isolation part before and after the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the axis of guide of main spring mechanism before and after the present invention, guide bearing and guide bearing chock assembling Schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 is the schematic perspective view of second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 is vibration isolation part isometric schematic diagram before and after second embodiment of the invention.
Figure 10 is the schematic perspective view of third embodiment of the invention.
Figure 11 is the schematic perspective view of fourth embodiment of the invention.
Figure 12 is the vertical direction vibration isolation part power displacement curve of the present invention.
Figure 13 is vibration isolation part power displacement curve in direction before and after the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
First embodiment:
The present embodiment is made up of vertical vibration isolation part and vibration isolation part front and back, vertical vibration isolation part and front and back Vibration isolation part each serves as vertical direction and fore-and-aft direction vibration isolation effect, is bolted between two parts, As shown in Figure 1;In this first embodiment, vertical direction vibration isolation part under, fore-and-aft direction vibration isolation portion Divide upper.
As in figure 2 it is shown, described vertical vibration isolation part be by scissors suspension 11, main spring 9, flap 7, Antivibrator the 10, first antivibrator bearing pin the 8, second antivibrator bearing pin 12 and the two set negative stiffnesses being arranged symmetrically with Spring mechanism forms;As it is shown on figure 3, described Negative stiffness spring mechanism includes that negative spring 1, negative spring are led To post 2, negative spring fairlead 14, support 13, curl plate 4, gripper shoe 6, roller 3 and bearing pin 5, As it is shown in figure 1, the upper surface of scissors suspension 11 sill is welded or be secured by bolts in gripper shoe 6, As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, two supports 13 are secured by bolts in gripper shoe 6, in a symmetrical arrangement, Two negative spring fairleads 14 are secured by bolts on support 13, become horizontal symmetry to arrange, negative spring Lead 2 becomes matched in clearance with negative spring fairlead 14, plays horizontally-guided effect.Negative spring 1 is socketed in Negative spring lead 2 is with on negative spring fairlead 14, and the two ends of negative spring 1 withstand on negative spring respectively and guide At the transverse plane of set 14 and negative spring lead 2, thus realize axially location, negative spring lead 2 one End has ear mount structure, ear mount has endoporus, becomes interference fit, roller 3 between endoporus with bearing pin 5 Being assemblied on bearing pin 5, roller 3 becomes matched in clearance with bearing pin 5, thus ensures that roller 3 is freely rotatable; Curl plate 4 is vertically arranged, curl plate 4 upper end is fixed with upper board 29, and curl plate 4 lower end is free end, For ensureing curl plate 4 vertical direction stroke, gripper shoe 6 having fluting, curl plate 4 lower end is through being somebody's turn to do Fluting;Roller 3 with contact at curl plate 4 curl and can be along curl scroll-up/down, roller 3 is along curl When the curl of plate 4 rolls, the stroke change of negative spring 1;Main spring 9 becomes vertical direction to arrange, main Spring 9 is parallel with curl plate 4, and the upper end of main spring 9 withstands on upper board 29 lower surface, main spring 9 Lower end withstands on gripper shoe 6 upper surface, plays main carrying effect.Antivibrator 10 is by the first bearing pin 8 and the Two bearing pins 12 are connected with scissors suspension 11 top and flap 7, and antivibrator 10 is obliquely installed.
The vertically vibration isolation principle of vibration isolation part:
It is perpendicular that Negative stiffness spring mechanism, main spring 9, antivibrator 10 and scissors suspension 11 concur isolation Nogata is to low-frequency vibration.When driver sits on the seat, under gravity, roller 3 is just and curl Peak contact at plate 4 curl, when vehicle is by uneven road surface, vibration is reached by cab floor Bottom scissors suspension 11, then reach negative spring mechanism and main spring 9.Under vibrational excitation, roller 3 exists At curl plate 4 curl peak, upper and lower little scope rolls, and plays regulation effect, i.e. can effectively isolate The low-frequency vibration that vehicle floor is caught.For further illustrating vertical vibration isolation part vibration isolation principle, make this Vertically vibration isolation part power displacement curve, as shown in figure 12, power position as can be seen from Fig. 12 Moving characteristic exhibits non-linearity, have the feature of the low dynamic rate of high static rigidity, it is low just that operating point is in centre Degree section, such that it is able to effectively isolate low-frequency vibration.
Before and after described, direction vibration isolation part is arranged in vertical vibration isolation part top or bottom, can be formed multiple Assembling form, the present embodiment is in as a example by top by it and illustrates.As it is shown in figure 5, front and back vibration isolation portion Dividing and be made up of upper board 29, front and back main spring mechanism and horizontal spring mechanism, two pieces of upper boards 29 pass through Bolt is fixed on the upper surface of scissors suspension 11 entablature, front and back main spring mechanism and horizontal spring mechanism cloth It is placed on upper board 29;Front and back main spring mechanism is that the axis of guide 22 arranged by fore-and-aft direction, the axis of guide are solid Reservation 20, guide bearing 25, guide bearing chock 26, front and back main spring 21, seat basin connecting plate 32, front Rear directional damper the 28, first bearing 19 and the second bearing 27 form, and the axis of guide 22 two ends are fixed on and are led Fixing in seat 20 to axle, the axis of guide is fixed seat 20 and is secured by bolts in upper board 29, seat basin connecting plate Being bolted on 32 and be fixed with four guide bearing chocks 26, guide bearing 25 coordinates with the axis of guide 22 It is placed in guide bearing chock 26, as shown in Figure 7;Front and back main spring 21 is socketed on the axis of guide 22, Front and back the two ends of main spring 21 are fixed seat 20 by guide bearing chock 26 and the axis of guide and are axially positioned;Front and back Main spring 21 has four, divides and front and back arranges;Fore-and-aft direction antivibrator 28 and the first bearing 19 and second Bearing 27 is by hinge, and the first bearing 19 is connected with seat basin connecting plate 32 bolt, the second bearing 27 It is connected with upper board 29 bolt;As shown in Figure 6, horizontal spring mechanism is by horizontal spring 23, level bullet Spring lead 17, horizontal spring fairlead the 24, first ear mount the 16, second ear mount the 18, first support 15 Forming with the second support 31, the first support 15 by bolt or is weldingly fixed on upper board 29, second Support 31 is by bolt or is welded and fixed on present basin connecting plate 32, and the first ear mount 16 is bolted Being fixed on the first support 15 and the second support 31, the first ear mount 16 becomes horizontally disposed, and horizontal spring is led Hinged with the first ear mount 16 by bearing pin 30 to post 17, horizontal spring fairlead 24 by bearing pin 30 and Second ear mount 18 is hinged, and horizontal spring 23 is socketed on lead 17, and horizontal spring 23 two ends are axial Location, is in compressive state.
The vibration isolation principle of fore-and-aft direction vibration isolation part:
When seat is vibrated by fore-and-aft direction, seat basin connecting plate 32 porpoise, then before and after main spring 21 Decrement change and horizontal spring 23 rotate amount to be contracted change, thus play isolation fore-and-aft direction low-frequency vibration Effect.The power displacement curve of fore-and-aft direction vibration isolation part as shown in figure 13, is also nonlinear isolation The concrete application of principle.
Second embodiment:
As shown in Figure 8, this second embodiment is vibration isolation part before and after top with the difference of first embodiment Horizontal spring 23 position be varied from, in the first embodiment, horizontal spring 23 be positioned at outside;? In second embodiment, horizontal spring 23 is positioned at inner side.As it is shown in figure 9, the connection everywhere of the second embodiment Mode is identical with first embodiment.
3rd embodiment:
As shown in Figure 10, the 3rd embodiment and the difference of first embodiment are that vertical vibration isolation part is with front Rear vibration isolation portion is varied from, in the first embodiment, vertical vibration isolation part under, vibration isolation front and back Part is upper;In the third embodiment, vertical vibration isolation part upper, vibration isolation part front and back under.3rd Connected mode everywhere in embodiment is identical with first embodiment.
4th embodiment:
As shown in figure 11, the 4th embodiment and the difference of the second embodiment are that vertical vibration isolation part is with front Rear vibration isolation portion is varied from, in a second embodiment, vertical vibration isolation part under, vibration isolation front and back Part is upper;In the fourth embodiment, vertical vibration isolation part upper, vibration isolation part front and back under.4th The connected mode everywhere of embodiment is identical with the second embodiment.

Claims (1)

1. an off highway vehicle seat two-dimension non linearity vibration isolation suspension, it is characterised in that: be by vertically every Part of shaking and vibration isolation part front and back form, and vertical vibration isolation part and vibration isolation part front and back each serve as vertical side To with fore-and-aft direction vibration isolation effect, be bolted between two parts;
Described vertical vibration isolation part is by scissors suspension (11), main spring (9), flap (7), damping Device (10), the first antivibrator bearing pin (8), the second antivibrator bearing pin (12) and two sets being arranged symmetrically with are negative Rigid spring mechanism forms;Described Negative stiffness spring mechanism includes negative spring (1), negative spring lead (2), negative spring fairlead (14), support (13), curl plate (4), gripper shoe (6), roller (3) And bearing pin (5), scissors suspension (11) sill is welded or be secured by bolts in gripper shoe (6) Upper surface, two supports (13) are secured by bolts in gripper shoe (6), in a symmetrical arrangement, two Negative spring fairlead (14) is secured by bolts on support (13), becomes horizontal symmetry to arrange, negative bullet Spring lead (2) becomes matched in clearance with negative spring fairlead (14), plays horizontally-guided effect;Negative spring (1) it is socketed on negative spring lead (2) and negative spring fairlead (14), the two of negative spring (1) End withstands at the transverse plane of negative spring fairlead (14) and negative spring lead (2) respectively, thus realizes Axially location, negative spring lead (2) one end has ear mount structure, and ear mount has endoporus, endoporus with Becoming interference fit between bearing pin (5), roller (3) is assemblied on bearing pin (5), roller (3) and pin Axle (5) becomes matched in clearance, thus ensures that roller (3) is freely rotatable;Curl plate (4) is vertically arranged, Curl plate (4) upper end is fixed with upper board (29), and curl plate (4) lower end is free end, for ensureing Curl plate (4) vertical direction stroke, gripper shoe (6) has fluting, and curl plate (4) lower end passes This fluting;Roller (3) with contact at curl plate (4) curl and can be along curl scroll-up/down, roller (3) when the curl along curl plate (4) rolls, the stroke change of negative spring (1);Main spring (9) Becoming vertical direction to arrange, main spring (9) is parallel with curl plate (4), and the upper end of main spring (9) withstands on Upper board (29) lower surface, the lower end of main spring (9) withstands on gripper shoe (6) upper surface, rises main Carrying effect;Antivibrator (10) is by the first bearing pin (8) and the second bearing pin (12) and scissors suspension (11) Top and flap (7) connect, and antivibrator (10) is obliquely installed;
Before and after described, vibration isolation part is arranged in vertical vibration isolation part top or bottom, and vibration isolation part front and back is Being made up of upper board (29), front and back main spring mechanism and horizontal spring mechanism, two pieces of upper boards (29) are led to Cross bolt and be fixed on the upper surface of scissors suspension (11) entablature, front and back main spring mechanism and horizontal spring Arrangement of mechanism is on upper board (29);Front and back main spring mechanism be arranged by fore-and-aft direction the axis of guide (22), The axis of guide fix seat (20), guide bearing (25), guide bearing chock (26), front and back main spring (21), Seat basin connecting plate (32), fore-and-aft direction antivibrator (28), the first bearing (19) and the second bearing (27) Composition, the axis of guide (22) two ends are fixed on the axis of guide and fix in seat (20), and the axis of guide fixes seat (20) It is secured by bolts in upper board (29), seat basin connecting plate (32) is bolted and is fixed with four Guide bearing chock (26), guide bearing (25) coordinates with the axis of guide (22) and is placed in guide bearing chock (26) In, front and back main spring (21) is socketed on the axis of guide (22), and front and back the two ends of main spring (21) lead to Cross guide bearing chock (26) and the axis of guide is fixed seat (20) and axially positioned;Front and back main spring (21) is altogether There are four, divide and front and back arrange;Fore-and-aft direction antivibrator (28) and the first bearing (19) and the second bearing (27) by hinge, the first bearing (19) is connected with seat basin connecting plate (32) bolt, and second Bearing (27) is connected with upper board (29) bolt;Horizontal spring mechanism is by horizontal spring (23), water Coach spring lead (17), horizontal spring fairlead (24), the first ear mount (16), the second ear mount (18), First support (15) and the second support (31) composition, the first support (15) is solid by bolt or welding Being scheduled on upper board (29), the second support (31) is by bolt or is welded and fixed present basin connecting plate (32) On, the first ear mount (16) is bolted and is fixed on the first support (15) and the second support (31) On, the first ear mount (16) becomes horizontally disposed, horizontal spring lead (17) by bearing pin (30) with First ear mount (16) is hinged, and horizontal spring fairlead (24) is by bearing pin (30) and the second ear mount (18) Hinged, horizontal spring (23) is socketed on lead (17), and horizontal spring (23) two ends are axially fixed Position, is in compressive state.
CN201410687446.6A 2014-11-24 2014-11-24 A kind of off highway vehicle seat two-dimension non linearity vibration isolation suspension Expired - Fee Related CN104401240B (en)

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