CN104399884B

CN104399884B - The turbine casting method of gasoline engine turbocharger

Info

Publication number: CN104399884B
Application number: CN201410566128.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马步洋; 王浩冰; 邓军; 刘海艳; 王加强; 贾明
Original assignee: JIANGSU MEITE LINKE SPECIAL ALLOY CO Ltd
Current assignee: JIANGSU MEITE LINKE SPECIAL ALLOY CO Ltd
Priority date: 2014-10-22
Filing date: 2014-10-22
Publication date: 2017-06-30
Anticipated expiration: 2034-10-22
Also published as: CN104399884A

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of gasoline engine turbocharger marginless melted module precise casting technique, comprise the following steps：1）Wax mold is designed and manufacture；2）The compacting of turbocharger wax-pattern and inspection；3）Turbocharger wax-pattern module is combined and oil removing；4）Turbocharger module shell；5）The vacuum metling of cast foundry alloy；6）Turbocharger castings are poured into a mould in vacuum melting；7）The cleaning of turbocharger formwork, cutting, blast, and its dead head of polishing；8）The Non-Destructive Testing of turbocharger castings, the surface of casting, dimension control.The present invention is content with very little and produces in batches and can meet use requirement, solves the turbocharger supercharged turbine of passenger car gasoline engine without surplus precision casting process route methods, realizes the base part DOMESTICATION PROBLEM, and can stably produce.

Description

The turbine casting method of gasoline engine turbocharger

Technical field

It is specifically molten using vacuum induction furnace smelting equipment or quick melting furnace the invention belongs to metallurgical technology field Change passenger car gasoline engine of the cast with certain size requirement with turbocharger supercharged turbine without surplus precise casting mould shell, The turbocharger that dimensional accuracy is high, internal soundness is high, surface smoothness is high is obtained, vacuum smelting sensing refining cast is also applied for high The Turbine Casting of precision, internal soundness high.

Background technology

The turbocharger manufactured and designed by traditional pouring technology is in 950 DEG C, 190000rmin^-1Under the premise of can only heatproof 100~200 hours, 300 hours of design requirement are not reached.The factor that above-mentioned requirements can not be met is a lot, wherein main go back It is turbine inflow side internal soundness problem, the structure design and process route of the casting technique presence of traditional booster turbine casting Defect.

The content of the invention

Goal of the invention：Present invention aim at there is provided a kind of gasoline engine turbocharger marginless melted module precise casting Technique.

Technical scheme：Technical scheme is as follows：A kind of gasoline engine turbocharger is cast without surplus precision-investment Technique is made, is comprised the following steps：

1) Wax mold design and manufacture；

2) compacting of turbocharger wax-pattern and inspection；

3) combination of turbocharger wax-pattern module and oil removing；

4) turbocharger shell；

5) vacuum metling of cast foundry alloy；

6) vacuum melting cast turbocharger；

7) cleaning of turbocharger formwork, cutting, blast, polishing dead head；

8) Non-Destructive Testing of turbocharger castings, the surface of casting, dimension control.

Further, the step 1) in wax-pattern wax from filling wax AB2066, the control of its shrinkage factor 0.4%~ Between 0.65%.

Further, the step 2) in the pressing parameter of wax-pattern be：63~70 DEG C of charging basket area temperature；Wax material injection temperature 60~70 DEG C of degree；60~70 DEG C of nozzle temperature；25~35 DEG C of upper and lower die plate temperature；30~50bar of clamping pressure；Injection pressure 5 ~10bar；30~80S of injection time；40~90S of dwell time；Parting compound：Methyl-silicone oil (201-10) or atomized silicone oil.Wax The dimension control of mould：Integrated measuring tool

Further, the chemical composition of the cast foundry alloy includes following several element groups according to mass percent Into：Cr 11.0%~13.0%, Si≤0.20%, P≤0.015%, Fe≤0.5%, Mn≤0.25%, Cu≤0.30%, Al 5.5%~6.0%, Mo 4%~5.2%, Ti 0.4%~0.9%, Nb 1.5%~2.5%, Zr 0.11%~0.13%, B 0.005%~0.015%, C 0.03%~0.07%, S≤0.010%, O 0.005%~0.008%, N 0.002%~ 0.004%th, Sb<0.0001%th, Pb<0.0001%th, Bi<0.0001%th, balance of Ni and impurity.

Further, the chemical composition of the cast foundry alloy includes following several element groups according to mass percent Into：Ni 73.61%~73.65%, Cr 12.63%~12.69%, Si 0.017%~0.041%, P 0.005%~ 0.006%th, Fe 0.0270%~0.0340%, Mn 0.0003%~0.0033%, Cu 0.0023%~0.0026%, Al 5.78%~5.96%, Mo 4.43%~4.49%, Ti 0.80%~0.88%, Nb 2.15%~2.24%, Zr 0.11%~0.13%, 0.011%~0.012%C of B 0.031%~0.042%, S 0.0005%~0.001%, O 0.005%~0.008%, N 0.002%~0.004%, Sb<0.0001%th, Pb<0.0001%th, Bi<0.0001%, surplus It is impurity.

Further, the step 6) in vacuum melting cast use vaccum sensitive stove or quick melting furnace.

Further, the step 6) vacuum melting cast parameter be：Formwork 1000 ± 20 DEG C of sintering temperature of end, insulation >= 3h；1580 ± 30 DEG C of aluminium alloy overtemperature；1560 ± 30 DEG C of pouring temperature；Vacuum ＜ 1.33Pa；The inspection of scum silica frost grade >= 21 grades；Formwork outlet is to cast≤5min；Poring rate≤2-3s；In residing time in furnace 5min after cast；After formwork cast Cool time ＞ 5h.

First according to turbocharger detail drawing and processing, the requirement of assembled portion, with reference to the characteristics of casting technique, if Meter turbocharger castings drawing, it and quality acceptance standard are the foundations of all casting process design.Next carries out wax-pattern mould Tool design, wax mold structure will meet that easily operated, to take type convenient.Wax mold manufacture, turbocharger wax-pattern are carried out again Compacting, the compacting of turbocharger turbine wax-pattern, it is necessary to carried out by related technological parameter, and people gets over wax-pattern time of contact It is short better, then turbocharger wax-pattern inspection is carried out, wax-pattern dimension control is carried out according to corresponding detecting tool and test stone, The wax-pattern of size qualification can carry out repairing type and module combination；Turbocharger wax-pattern module is combined and oil removing；By related work The operation that skill parameter chart carries out process for making shell carries out turbocharger shell；The vacuum melting of foundry alloy will be according to above-mentioned corresponding Foundry alloy melting standard and technological procedure are carried out, and are pressed《The riding vehicle turbocharger quality acceptance standard of gasoline engine》Tested Receive；Vacuum melting cast turbocharger is carried out by the casting process parameters melting of related casting, pouring operation；Turbocharger Formwork cleaning, cutting, blast, polishing dead head；Press《The riding vehicle turbocharger quality acceptance standard of gasoline engine》In it is lossless Detection chapters and sections are tested, check and accept turbocharger castings；Press《The riding vehicle turbocharger quality acceptance standard of gasoline engine》 Middle related Sections are tested, check and accept surface, the size of turbocharger.

Beneficial effect：Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention is as follows：The present invention is content with very little and produces in batches and can expire Sufficient use requirement, solves the turbocharger supercharged turbine of passenger car gasoline engine without surplus precision casting process route side Method, realizes the base part DOMESTICATION PROBLEM, and can stably produce.Preparation technology of the invention obtained dimensional accuracy it is high, The turbocharger that internal soundness is high, surface smoothness is high, it is suitable for vacuum smelting sensing refining cast high precision, height The Turbine Casting of internal soundness.

Brief description of the drawings

The process route chart of the turbocharger supercharged turbines of Fig. 1.

Specific embodiment

Below according to specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.

Embodiment 1

A kind of gasoline engine turbocharger marginless melted module precise casting technique, comprises the following steps：

1) Wax mold design and manufacture；Mould is placed into the height of wax injector work top, adjustment nozzle and casting mouthful Degree

To consistent；Mould is opened, it is errorless after inspection after thinly spray one layer of atomized silicone oil, then matched moulds, alignment penetrates hawfinch；

2) compacting of turbocharger wax-pattern and inspection：Both hands press play button, suppress wax-pattern；Wherein, the pressure of wax-pattern From filling wax AB2066, its shrinkage factor is controlled between 0.4%~0.65% wax-pattern wax, and ash content is small in system.Compacting ginseng Number is as follows：65 DEG C of charging basket area temperature；62 DEG C of wax material injection temperature；62 DEG C of nozzle temperature；30 DEG C of upper and lower die plate temperature；Matched moulds pressure Power 30bar；Injection pressure 6bar；Injection time 60S；Dwell time 60S；Parting compound：Atomized silicone oil；After pressing process terminates, Extract fuse out, open mould, cut ingate, in appointed part marking batch number and its sequence number, carefully take out wax-pattern (for zero The complicated mould of part, is carried out according to corresponding operational procedure) it is put into cooling water and (wax-pattern is placed on correction mould tire lieutenant colonel if necessary Just, cooling water is placed into)；Noting the wax-pattern of lower column defects should scrap：

A. because being involved in air in wax-pattern, wax-pattern locally has what is heaved；B. there is unfilled corner at any position of wax-pattern；

C. wax-pattern has that deformation can not be repaired simply or that reparation does not come；D. size is undesirable.

The residual wax material on mould is removed, notes that bamboo knife can only be used, it is impossible to use metal blade, prevent mold cavity and parting Face is damaged, and is first cleared up with hairbrush, then blow off the greasy and wax at mold cavity, die joint, mould blind hole with compressed air valve Bits, spray parting compound, mould assembly；Wax-pattern is suppressed next time；The compacting of die head and sample is with reference to 1~5 step；The inspection figure of wax-pattern Table and its data are controlled；Temperature control between wax-pattern and its every 2 hour records once.

3) combination of turbocharger wax-pattern module and oil removing：

4) turbocharger shell；

5) vacuum metling of cast foundry alloy；

6) vacuum melting cast turbocharger；

7) cleaning of turbocharger formwork, cutting, blast, polishing dead head；

Gasoline engine is carried out with being cast on quick melting furnace for turbocharger supercharged turbine.Its foundry alloy is from such as table 1 Shown chemical composition, balance of impurity.

The unit of table 1：Mass percent %

Ni	Cr	Si	P	Fe	Mn	Cu	Sb	Pb	Bi
										73.61	12.69	0.020	0.005	0.0340	0.0033	0.0023	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
Al	Mo	Ti	Nb	Zr	B	C	S	O	N
										5.96	4.49	0.80	2.18	0.11	0.011	0.031	0.001	0.005	0.002

Quick melting furnace：Formwork 900 DEG C of sintering temperature of end, is incubated 3h；1610 DEG C of aluminium alloy overtemperature；Pouring temperature 1560℃；Vacuum 0.5Pa；Scum silica frost grade checks 23 grades；Formwork outlet is to pouring into a mould 5min；Poring rate 3s；In stove after cast Interior residence time 5min；Cool time 6h after shell cast.

Embodiment 2

Essentially the same with embodiment 1, different is：The compacting of turbocharger wax-pattern：63 DEG C of charging basket area temperature；Wax 62 DEG C of injection temperature of material；60 DEG C of nozzle temperature；27 DEG C of upper and lower die plate temperature；Clamping pressure 40bar；Injection pressure 8bar；Injection Time 40S；Dwell time 40S；Parting compound：Atomized silicone oil.

Its foundry alloy selects chemical composition as shown in table 2, balance of impurity.

The unit of table 2：Mass percent %

Ni	Cr	Si	P	Fe	Mn	Cu	Sb	Pb	Bi
										73.64	12.63	0.017	0.006	0.0270	0.0003	0.0026	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
Al	Mo	Ti	Nb	Zr	B	C	S	O	N
										5.95	4.43	0.82	2.15	0.11	0.012	0.042	<0.0005	0.005	0.004

Gasoline engine is carried out with being cast on three Room vaccum sensitive stoves for turbocharger supercharged turbine.Vaccum sensitive stove：Mould Shell 1000 DEG C of sintering temperature of end, is incubated 3h；1580 DEG C of aluminium alloy overtemperature；1540 DEG C of pouring temperature；Vacuum 0.3Pa；It is floating Slag grade checks 23 grades；Formwork outlet is to pouring into a mould 5min；Poring rate 2s；In residing time in furnace 5min after cast；Shell is poured into a mould Cool time 6h afterwards.

Embodiment 3

Essentially the same with embodiment 1, different is：The compacting of turbocharger wax-pattern：68 DEG C of charging basket area temperature；Wax 65 DEG C of injection temperature of material；65 DEG C of nozzle temperature；32 DEG C of upper and lower die plate temperature；Clamping pressure 45bar；Injection pressure 5bar；Injection Time 80S；Dwell time 90S；Parting compound：Atomized silicone oil.

Its foundry alloy selects chemical composition as shown in table 3, balance of impurity.

The unit of table 3：Mass percent %

Ni	Cr	Si	P	Fe	Mn	Cu	Sb	Pb	Bi
										73.65	12.67	0.041	0.006	0.0310	0.0020	0.0025	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
Al	Mo	Ti	Nb	Zr	B	C	S	O	N
										5.78	4.47	0.88	2.24	0.13	0.011	0.051	<0.0005	0.008	0.003

Gasoline engine is carried out with being cast on three Room vaccum sensitive stoves or quick melting furnace for turbocharger supercharged turbine.Very Empty induction furnace：Formwork 1050 DEG C of sintering temperature of end, is incubated 3h；1570 DEG C of aluminium alloy overtemperature；1530 DEG C of pouring temperature；Vacuum Degree 0.7Pa；Scum silica frost grade checks 22 grades；Formwork outlet is to pouring into a mould 5min；Poring rate 1s；In residing time in furnace after cast 5min；Cool time 6h after shell cast.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that：Come for those skilled in the art Say, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as Protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. a kind of gasoline engine turbocharger marginless melted module precise casting technique, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：

1）Wax mold is designed and manufacture；

2）The compacting of turbocharger wax-pattern and inspection；

3）Turbocharger wax-pattern module is combined and oil removing；

4）Turbocharger module shell；

5）The vacuum metling of cast foundry alloy；

6）Turbocharger castings are poured into a mould in vacuum melting；

7）The cleaning of turbocharger formwork, cutting, blast, and dead head of having polished；

8）The Non-Destructive Testing of turbocharger castings, the surface of casting, dimension control；

The step 1）From filling wax AB2066, its shrinkage factor is controlled between 0.4%~0.65% middle wax-pattern wax；It is described to pour The chemical composition of note foundry alloy includes that following several elements are constituted according to mass percent：Cr 11.0%~13.0%、Si ≤ 0.20%、P ≤0.015%、Fe ≤0.5%、Mn ≤0.25%、Cu ≤0.30%、Al 5.5%~6.0%、Mo 4%~5.2%、Ti 0.4%~0.9%、Nb 1.5%~2.5%、Zr 0.11%~0.13%、B 0.005%~0.015%、C 0.03%~0.07%、S≤ 0.010%、O 0.005%~0.008%、N 0.002%~0.004%、Sb<0.0001% 、Pb<0.0001%、Bi<0.0001%th, surplus It is Ni and impurity.

2. a kind of gasoline engine according to claim 1 turbocharger marginless melted module precise casting technique, its feature It is, the step 2）In the pressing parameter of wax-pattern be：63 ~ 70 DEG C of charging basket area temperature；60 ~ 70 DEG C of wax material injection temperature；Spray 60 ~ 70 DEG C of mouth temperature；25 ~ 35 DEG C of upper and lower die plate temperature；30 ~ 50bar of clamping pressure；The bar of injection pressure 5 ~ 10；Injection time 30~80s ；40 ~ 90s of dwell time；Parting compound：Methyl-silicone oil or atomized silicone oil.

3. a kind of gasoline engine according to claim 1 turbocharger marginless melted module precise casting technique, its feature It is that the chemical composition of the cast foundry alloy includes that following several elements are constituted according to mass percent：Ni 73.61%~ 73.65%、Cr 12.63%~12.69%、Si 0.017%~0.041%、P 0.005%~0.006%、Fe 0.0270%~0.0340%、 Mn 0.0003%~0.0033%、Cu 0.0023%~0.0026%、Al 5.78%~5.96%、Mo 4.43%~4.49%、Ti 0.80%~ 0.88%、Nb 2.15%~2.24%、Zr 0.11%~0.13%、B 0.011%~0.012% C 0.031%~0.042%、S 0.0005% ~0.001%、O 0.005%~0.008%、N 0.002%~0.004%、Sb<0.0001%、Pb<0.0001%、Bi<0.0001%, surplus It is impurity.

4. a kind of gasoline engine according to claim 1 turbocharger marginless melted module precise casting technique, its feature It is, the step 6）Middle vacuum melting cast uses vaccum sensitive stove or quick melting furnace.

5. a kind of gasoline engine according to claim 1 turbocharger marginless melted module precise casting technique, its feature It is, the step 6）Parameter is poured into a mould in vacuum melting：Formwork 1000 ± 20 DEG C of sintering temperature of end, insulation >=3h；Aluminium alloy mistake 1580 ± 30 DEG C of hot temperature；1560 ± 30 DEG C of pouring temperature；Vacuum ＜ 1.33Pa；Scum silica frost grade checks >=21 grades；Formwork goes out Case is to cast≤5min；Duration of pouring 2-3s；In residing time in furnace 5min after cast；Cool time ＞ 5h after formwork cast.