CN104395911B - 使用动态范围相关扫描角控制来提供对投射到被扫描物体上的激光扫描线的长度的控制的激光扫描代码符号读取*** - Google Patents

使用动态范围相关扫描角控制来提供对投射到被扫描物体上的激光扫描线的长度的控制的激光扫描代码符号读取*** Download PDF

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CN104395911B
CN104395911B CN201280074087.6A CN201280074087A CN104395911B CN 104395911 B CN104395911 B CN 104395911B CN 201280074087 A CN201280074087 A CN 201280074087A CN 104395911 B CN104395911 B CN 104395911B
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Z.藤
H.王
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Metrologic Instruments Inc
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Abstract

用于使用可手持激光扫描条形码符号读取***读取条形码符号的方法和***在***操作期间以取决于检测到的在***的扫描场中的被扫描物体的位置、距离或范围的方式在任何时刻支持对投射到被扫描物体上的激光扫描线的长度的提高水平的控制。通过设置作为检测到的或估计的物体距***的距离或范围的函数的激光扫描扫掠角，来控制激光扫描线的长度特性。在说明性实施例中，通过将驱动电流供应给扫描机构来把激光扫描扫掠角控制为检测到的或估计的物体距扫描***的距离或范围的函数。

Description

使用动态范围相关扫描角控制来提供对投射到被扫描物体上 的激光扫描线的长度的控制的激光扫描代码符号读取***
技术领域
本公开涉及一种用于使用激光扫描束技术在不同扫描环境中读取条形码符号的改进的方法和设备。
背景技术
众所周知，激光扫描***的景深(DOF)由电扫描数据信号的带宽和振幅限制，该电扫描数据信号在使激光束横跨位于距扫描一定距离处的代码符号扫描时产生。
例如，在固定扫描速度/范围的扫描***中，如果激光束扫描位于距扫描***一长距离处的物体，则横跨物体的激光束的速度将会非常高。因此，在扫描***处接收的信号振幅将会相对较弱(因为行进长距离)，并且由于激光束横跨代码结构的高速度，信号频率带宽将会非常高。
此外，在固定扫描速度/范围的扫描***中，如果激光束扫描位于距扫描***一短距离处的物体，则横跨物体的激光束的速度将会低于当扫描长距离物体时的速度。因此，在扫描***处接收的信号振幅将会相对较强(因为行进短距离)，并且由于激光束横跨代码结构的低速度，信号频率带宽将会相对较低。
传统固定扫描***的这种激光扫描性能特性在传统激光扫描***的模拟信号处理阶段内产生另外的信号处理带宽要求。继而，这使设计变得复杂并且增加这种传统激光扫描***的成本。
在本领域中非常需要提供如下那样的新的激光扫描代码符号读取***和方法：在扫描操作期间使返回信号带宽保持相对不变的同时，支持对投射到被扫描物体上的激光扫描线的长度的提高水平的控制，并且避免现有技术方法和设备的短处和缺点。
发明内容
本公开的主要目的在于提供如下这样的可手持激光扫描代码符号读取***：支持对扫描场中的激光扫描线的长度的提高水平的控制，而没有现有技术设备和方法的短处和缺点。
另一目的在于提供如下这样的激光扫描代码符号读取***：在扫描操作期间使返回信号带宽保持相对不变的同时，支持对投射到被扫描物体上的激光扫描线的长度的提高水平的控制。
另一目的在于提供这样一种激光扫描代码符号读取***，其中通过将激光扫描扫掠角设置为检测到的或估计的物体距***的距离或范围的函数来控制激光扫描线的长度特性。
另一目的在于提供这样一种激光扫描代码符号读取***，其中通过将驱动电流供应给扫描机构来把激光扫描扫掠角控制为检测到的或估计的物体距扫描***的距离或范围的函数。
另一目的在于提供一种激光扫描条形码符号读取***，所述激光扫描条形码符号读取***具有如下能力：在***操作期间，以取决于***的扫描场中的被扫描物体的检测的位置、距离或范围的方式，在任何时刻自动控制从激光源投射的激光扫描线的长度。
本公开的另一目的在于提供这样一种新的且改进的激光扫描代码符号读取***：自动测量或估计激光扫描***和被扫描物体之间的距离或范围，并且然后作为物体距离或范围的函数自动调整激光扫描束的扫描扫掠角。
另一目的在于提供这样的一种激光扫描代码符号读取***：在激光扫描场的近场(即，短距离)和远场(即，长距离)部分两者中都提供更好的景深(DOF)性能。
另一目的在于提供一种改进的通过下述步骤对条形码符号进行激光扫描的方法：检测***的视场中的被扫描物体的位置，并且基于检测到的扫描位置在任何时刻自动地控制从激光源投射的激光扫描线的长度。
在下文以及在所附权利要求中，将会更清楚地理解本公开的另外的目的。
附图说明
为了更充分地理解本发明的目的，应该结合附图阅读下面对说明性实施例的详细描述，其中：
图1是手动触发可手持激光扫描条形码符号读取***的第一说明性实施例的透视图，所述手动触发可手持激光扫描条形码符号读取***具有在***操作期间以取决于***的扫描场中的被扫描物体的确定/估计的范围的方式在任何时刻自动控制投射的激光扫描线的长度的能力；
图2是描述图1中图示的手动触发激光扫描条形码符号读取***的主要***部件的示意性方框图；
图3是在激光扫描操作期间由图1的***的解码处理器保持的并且在每个激光扫描周期期间针对每个激光扫描方向保存数字扫描数据的线的扫描线数据缓冲器的示意表示；
图4是图1的激光扫描条形码符号读取***中的VLD的示意表示，所述VLD在三个不同扫描距离或范围产生三个不同激光扫描束并且将这三个不同激光扫描束投射到物体上，以使得通过基于物体扫描距离使激光束扫掠过不同扫描角而将相对不变长度的激光扫描线独立于扫描距离投射到物体上；
图5阐述描述在每个激光扫描物体期间不管物***于该***的扫描场内的什么地方在图1的激光扫描条形码符号读取***中执行的主要步骤的流程图；
图6是自动触发可手持双激光扫描条形码符号读取***的第二说明性实施例的透视图，所述自动触发可手持双激光扫描条形码符号读取***具有如下能力：在***操作期间以取决于在***的视场中检测到的被扫描物体的位置的方式在任何时刻自动控制从两个激光源之一投射的激光扫描线的长度和强度特性；
图7是描述图6中图示的自动触发双激光扫描条形码符号读取***的主要***部件的示意性方框图；
图8是在激光扫描操作期间由图6的***的解码处理器保持并且在每个激光扫描周期期间针对每个激光扫描方向保存数字扫描数据的线的扫描线数据缓冲器的示意表示；
图9是图6的激光扫描条形码符号读取***中的双VLD的示意表示，所述双VLD在三个不同扫描距离或范围产生三个不同激光扫描束并且将这三个不同激光扫描束投射到物体上，以使得通过基于物体扫描距离使激光束扫掠过不同扫描角而将相对不变长度的激光扫描线独立于扫描距离投射到物体上；和
图10A和10B阐述描述在每个激光扫描物体期间不管物***于其扫描场内的什么地方在图6的自动触发激光扫描***中执行的主要步骤的流程图。
具体实施方式
参照附图中的图，将非常详细地描述双激光扫描条形码符号读取***的说明性实施例和，其中将使用相似的附图标记指示相似元件。
采用动态编程激光扫描角控制的手动触发可手持激光扫描代码符号读取***。
现在参照图1至5，将详细地描述手动触发可手持激光扫描条形码符号读取***1的第一说明性实施例。
如图1和2中所示，手动触发激光扫描条形码符号读取器100具有工作距离和各部件的组件，所述组件包括：可手持壳体102，具有头部和支撑头部的手柄部分；光透射窗口103，与壳体102的头部结合；手动驱动触发开关104，与壳体的手柄部分结合，用于产生触发事件信号来激活具有激光扫描场115的激光扫描模块105；激光扫描模块105，用于响应于由***控制器150产生的控制信号而在激光扫描场中横跨激光扫描场反复地扫描由激光源112(例如，VLD或IR LD)产生的可见激光束，激光源112具有用于产生在激光扫描场中聚焦的激光扫描束的光学装置；其中激光扫描模块105还包括：激光驱动电路151，用于从***控制器150接收控制信号并且响应于此而产生激光(二极管)驱动电流信号并且将激光(二极管)驱动电流信号递送给激光源112A；扫描开始/扫描结束(SOS/EOS)检测器109，用于产生指示激光束扫掠的开始和每个激光束扫掠的结束的定时信号，并且将这些SOS/EOS定时信号发送给***控制器150以及解码处理器108；光收集光学装置106和光电检测器，光收集光学装置106用于收集从扫描场中的被扫描物体反射/散射的光，光电检测器用于在扫描操作期间检测收集的光的强度并且产生与所述检测到的光强对应的模拟扫描数据信号；模拟扫描数据信号处理器/数字转换器107，用于处理模拟扫描数据信号并且将处理的模拟扫描数据信号转换成数字扫描数据信号，数字扫描数据信号随后被转换成表示被扫描代码符号结构中的条和空间的相对宽度的数字字并且经线142被传送给解码处理器108；扫描数据信号强度检测模块141，优选地实现在扫描数据处理器/数字转换器107内，用于连续地(i)处理返回模拟(或数字)扫描数据信号，(ii)检测和分析激光返回信号的强度(即，量值)，(iii)确定(例如，估计)被扫描物体相对于扫描窗口的范围或距离，然后(iv)经线143将范围指示(即，估计)信号(例如，具有数字数据值的形式)传送给控制器150，以使得它能够编程或设置由扫描器驱动电路111通过提供给电磁线圈128的驱动电流的振幅控制的激光扫描组件110的合适的扫描角α(t)；一组扫描线数据缓冲器160，用于缓冲在每个扫描周期期间激光扫描束横跨激光扫描场的完整扫掠期间收集的扫描数据的每个完整线(例如，用于缓冲在扫描方向期间收集的数据的两个扫描数据线缓冲器)；编程的解码处理器108，用于对存储在所述扫描线数据缓冲器160中的数字化数据进行解码处理，并且产生表示由激光扫描束扫描的每个条形码符号的符号字符数据；输入/输出(I/O)通信接口模块140，用于经符号读取器和主机***154所支持的有线或无线通信链路155与主机通信***154接口并且将符号字符数据传送给主机通信***154；和***控制器150，用于产生必需的控制信号来控制可手持激光扫描条形码符号读取***内的操作。
如图2中所示，激光扫描模块105包括许多子部件，即：激光扫描组件110，具有电磁线圈128和支撑轻型反射元件(例如，镜子)134A的可旋转扫描元件(例如，镜子)134；线圈驱动电路111，用于产生电驱动信号来驱动激光扫描组件110中的电磁线圈128；和激光束源112A，用于产生可见激光束113A；和射束偏转镜114，用于把激光束113A偏转为朝着激光扫描组件110的镜子部件的入射射束114A，激光扫描组件110的镜子部件在***操作期间使偏转激光束114B横跨激光扫描场和可能同时存在于其中的条形码符号16扫掠。
如图2中所示，激光扫描模块105通常安装在光具座、印刷电路(PC)板或也存在激光扫描组件的其它表面上，并且包括线圈支撑部分，线圈支撑部分用于支撑电磁线圈128(在永磁体135附近)并且电磁线圈128由扫描器驱动电路111驱动，以使得它在激光扫描组件操作期间在永磁体135的相反极上产生磁力。假设永磁体135的性质以及永磁体135和电磁线圈128之间的距离基本上不变，那么施加在永磁体135及其关联的扫描元件上的力是在扫描操作期间供应给电磁线圈128的电驱动电流IDC(t)的函数。通常，由扫描器驱动电路111产生的驱动电流IDC(t)的电平越大，施加在永磁体135及其关联的扫描元件上的力越大，并且继而，所产生的扫描扫掠角α(t)越大，并且因此由激光扫描束产生的扫描线长度LSL越大。因此，能够在图2中示出的扫描驱动电流控制模块150A的控制下通过控制由扫描器驱动电路111供应给线圈128的驱动电流IDC(t)的电平来直接控制扫描模块105的扫描扫掠角α(t)。这将会是本公开中控制扫描扫掠角α(t)和扫描线长度LSL的优选方法。
优选地，强度检测模块141被实现在扫描数据处理器/数字转换器107内，扫描数据处理器/数字转换器107可被实现为ASIC芯片，该ASIC芯片支持执行在其里面执行的功能和操作的模拟和数字类型电路两者。强度检测模块141的功能是多方面的：(i)不断地处理返回模拟(或数字)扫描数据信号并且检测和分析激光返回信号的强度(即，量值)，(ii)在每个测量时间段期间确定(例如，估计)被扫描物体相对于扫描窗口的范围或距离；和(iii)将范围/距离指示信号(例如，具有数字数据值的形式)传送给***控制器150以用于针对扫描场内的待扫描物体设置合适的扫描扫掠角α(t)。优选地，通过进行相对信噪比(SNR)测量能够在每个测量时间段期间相对于扫描窗口确定(例如，估计)被扫描物体的范围或距离，其中最低SNR值对应于***的工作范围中的最远可能扫描距离(相对于扫描窗口)，并且最高SNR值对应于***的工作范围中的最短可能扫描距离。显著的是，模块141可包括能够在这种范围/距离确定中使用的存储预先校准的扫描范围对 SNR值的表。
通常，***100支持手动触发的触发操作模式和以下描述的条形码符号读取方法。
响应于触发事件信号的产生(即，通过手动地拉动触发开关104)，激光扫描模块105产生激光扫描束并且通过光透射窗口103投射激光扫描束，并且横跨在位于可手持壳体外部的激光扫描场投射激光扫描束以对扫描场中的物体进行扫描。激光扫描束由激光束源112A响应于由***控制器150产生的控制信号而产生。扫描元件(即，机构)134以由控制器150针对当前扫描周期设置的、通过图3中描述的过程确定的扫描扫掠角使所选择的激光束反复地横跨驻留在激光扫描场115中的物体上的代码符号进行扫描。然后，光收集光学装置106收集从扫描场中的物体上的扫描代码符号反射/散射的光，并且光电检测器(106)自动检测收集的光的强度(即，光子能量)并且产生与在扫描操作期间检测的光强度对应的模拟扫描数据信号。模拟扫描数据信号处理器/数字转换器107处理模拟扫描数据信号，并且将处理的模拟扫描数据信号转换成数字化数据信号。编程的解码处理器108对数字化数据信号进行解码处理，并且产生表示由激光扫描束扫描的每个条形码符号的符号字符数据。解码的条形码符号可以是编程类型或菜单类型条形码符号或者是不意图在条形码符号扫描器内执行或发起任何编程或特殊操作的普通数据编码条形码符号。
与由编程的解码器108读取(即，解码)的条形码对应的符号字符数据随后经I/O通信接口140被传送给主机***154，I/O通信接口140可支持本领域公知的有线和/或无线通信链路155。在物体检测和激光扫描操作期间，***控制器150产生用于控制可手持激光扫描条形码符号读取***内的操作的必需的控制信号。
通常，***100支持手动触发操作模式和以下描述的条形码符号读取方法。
响应于触发开关104的手动驱动，激光扫描模块105产生激光扫描束并且通过光透射窗口103投射激光扫描束，并且横跨位于可手持壳体外部的激光扫描场115投射激光扫描束以用于对扫描场中的物体进行扫描。激光扫描束由激光源112B响应于由***控制器150产生的控制信号而产生。扫描元件(即，机构)134以由控制器150针对当前扫描周期设置的、使用图5中描述的过程由估计/检测的被扫描物体范围所确定的扫描扫掠角使激光束反复地横跨激光扫描场115中的物体进行扫描。然后，光收集光学装置106收集从扫描场中的物体上的被扫描的代码符号反射/散射的光，并且光电检测器(106)自动检测收集的光的强度(即，光子能量)并且产生与在扫描操作期间检测的光强度对应的模拟扫描数据信号。在模拟扫描数据信号处理器/数字转换器107内，强度检测模块141执行下面的功能：(i)不断地处理返回模拟(或数字)扫描数据信号；(ii)检测和分析激光返回信号的强度(即，量值)；(ii)在每个测量时间段期间确定(例如，估计)被扫描物体相对于扫描窗口的范围或距离；和(iv)将范围/距离指示信号(例如，具有数字数据值的形式)传送给控制器150以基于所检测的扫描距离针对激光扫描组件110设置合适的扫描角α(t)。
模拟扫描数据信号处理器/数字转换器107还处理模拟扫描数据信号，并且将处理的模拟扫描数据信号转换成数字化数据信号。编程的解码处理器108对数字化数据信号进行解码处理，并且产生表示由激光扫描束扫描的每个条形码符号的符号字符数据。解码的条形码符号可以是编程类型或菜单类型条形码符号或者是不意图在条形码符号扫描器内执行或发起任何编程或特殊操作的普通数据编码条形码符号。
如以上所指示的，在任何给定时刻，激光扫描束的扫描角α(t)由扫描场中的被扫描物体的范围R(t)确定。能够以至少两种不同方式确定范围测量或估计：(i)通过处理收集的返回激光扫描信号；或(ii)使用由基于LED或IR的物体检测/范围检测机构产生的范围数据。在处理返回激光扫描信号的情况下，激光信号被转换成电信号，该电信号被馈送到模拟扫描数据信号处理器/数字转换器107中的模块141中。由能够被实现为ASIC芯片的处理器107计算处理的模拟或数字扫描数据信号的强度或信噪比(SNR)并且随后将其用于估计扫描条形码符号的距离/范围。强信号或高信噪比通常对应于较短范围/距离，而弱信号或低信噪比对应于较大范围/距离。激光扫描束的扫描角α(t)能够随后基于信号强度或SNR和实现在ASIC 107中的预定表/算法被动态地调整。以下是提供用于说明上述这三个参数之间的关系的示例性表。能够对于具有不同工作范围的扫描器修改这些参数。
被确定为预定最大强度或SNR值的百分比的信号强度或SNR 扫描器和被扫描条形码符号之间的距离/范围R(t) 被选择为整个激光扫描线的百分比的扫描角α(t)
95% 2英寸 α1 = ________度
… … …
50% 1英尺 αj = _________度
… … …
10% 2英尺 αN=__________度
显著的是，在不同扫描应用期间可能不同的条件下，能够触发动态地定义的扫描扫掠角α(t)。因为扫描扫掠角α(t)是能够并且通常将会在扫描操作期间在任何时刻变化的物体扫描范围R(t)的函数，所以要理解，动态编程的扫描角的持续时间也将会随着时间而变化，并且取决于由模拟扫描数据处理器/数字转换器107确定的物体范围/距离，如上所述的。
与由解码器108读取(即，解码)的条形码对应的符号字符数据随后经I/O通信接口140被传送给主机***154，I/O通信接口140可支持本领域公知的有线和/或无线通信链路155。在物体检测和激光扫描操作期间，***控制器150产生必需的控制信号以用于控制可手持激光扫描条形码符号读取***内的操作。
参照图5，将更详细地描述读取条形码符号和控制激光扫描条形码读取器100内的操作的方法。
如图5中所指示的，由***控制器150协调的过程开始于开始块，其中除激光和扫描电机(即，电磁线圈)之外，所有***部件被激活。然后，在图5中的块B处，***控制器确定是否已发生触发或激活事件(即，触发开关104已***作人员手动按下)。
如果在图5中的块B处已检测到触发事件，那么***控制器前进至块C1，并且(i)以足够的电流激活激光二极管和扫描器驱动电路111以产生完全的默认扫描扫掠角α0(t)，以及(ii)随后开始超时时间段定时器T1。
在图5中的块C2处，模拟扫描数据信号处理器/数字转换器ASIC 107处理返回模拟和/或数字扫描数据信号，并且自动地(i)测量(例如，估计)被扫描物体和扫描器之间的范围或距离，(ii)确定作为所确定的物体范围/距离R(t)的函数的扫描扫掠角α(t)，以及(iii)编程在控制过程期间的给定时刻的扫描扫掠角α(t)。
如图5中的块D处所指示的，***控制器命令在扫描数据缓冲器160中缓冲在当前扫描周期期间设置的完全扫描扫掠角上针对各个扫描方向收集的扫描数据的完整线。来自每个扫描方向的扫描数据被缓冲在不同扫描线数据缓冲器中。
在图5中的块E处，***控制器确定解码处理器108是否已基于收集并且缓冲在扫描数据缓冲器160中的扫描的线对条形码符号进行了解码。
在块E处，如果未在缓冲的扫描数据的线内对条形码符号进行解码(即，读取条形码符号)，则***控制器前进至块F并且确定是否已达到超时时间段T1。如果未达到超时时间段，则***控制器返回到块C2，处理扫描数据信号，确定物体范围并且更新扫描扫掠角α(t)。其后，***控制器前进至块D并且在剩余时间段T1内尝试收集扫描数据并且对扫描数据进行解码。如果已达到超时时间段，则***控制器前进至块G，使激光源和扫描电机失效，并且然后返回到块B。
通过图5中描述的新的控制过程，条形码符号读取器具有如下能力：当在不同扫描距离或范围处扫描承载条形码符号的物体时，动态地调整从VLD 112A主动发射可见激光扫描束的时间，以在条形码符号读取过程期间使投射到被扫描物体上的扫描线长度保持在预定限制内。
在一些应用中，扫描线长度LSL能够在被扫描物体上保持基本不变，而不管扫描距离R(t)如何。在其它实施例中，被扫描物体上的扫描线长度LSL可针对不同的检测到的扫描距离R(t)的范围在预定限制内保持基本上不变。
采用动态编程激光扫描角控制的自动触发可手持激光扫描条形码符号读取***。
参照图6至10B，将详细地描述自动触发可手持激光扫描条形码符号读取***500的第三说明性实施例。
如图6和7中所示，自动触发激光扫描条形码符号读取器500具有工作距离和各部件的组件，所述组件包括：可手持壳体102，具有头部和支撑头部的手柄部分；光透射窗口103，与壳体102的头部结合；基于IR(或基于LED)的物体检测和范围子***219，如图6中所示，在激光扫描场的工作范围内产生基于IR或LED的光束以用于自动在激光扫描场中检测物体的存在，将信号发送给控制器150，以使得控制器能够在扫描场中自动检测到物体时触发***并且在扫描场的近处部分中检测到物体的情况下激活近场VLD 112A或在扫描场的远处部分中检测到物体的情况下激活远场VLD 112B；激光扫描模块105，用于响应于由***控制器150产生的控制信号而使可见激光束横跨激光扫描场反复地扫描，所述可见激光束由以下两种中的任一个产生：(i)具有用于产生在激光扫描场的近处部分中聚焦的激光扫描束113A的近场光学装置的第一激光源112A(例如，VLD或IR LD)，或(ii)具有用于产生在激光扫描场的远处部分中聚焦的激光扫描束113B的远场光学装置的第二激光源112B(例如，VLD或IR LD)；其中激光扫描模块105还包括激光驱动电路151，用于从***控制器150接收控制信号，并且响应于该控制信号而基于检测的或估计的扫描场中的被扫描物体的距离或范围产生不同激光(二极管)驱动电流信号并且将不同激光(二极管)驱动电流信号递送给激光源112A；扫描开始/扫描结束(SOS/EOS)检测器109，用于产生指示激光束扫掠的开始和每个激光束扫掠的结束的定时信号，并且将这些SOS/EOS定时信号发送给***控制器150以及解码处理器108；光收集光学装置106和光电检测器，光收集光学装置106用于收集从扫描场中的被扫描物体反射/散射的光，光电检测器用于在扫描操作期间检测所收集的光的强度并且产生与所述检测的光强度对应的模拟扫描数据信号；模拟扫描数据信号处理器/数字转换器107，用于处理模拟扫描数据信号并且将处理的模拟扫描数据信号转换成数字扫描数据信号，数字扫描数据信号随后被转换成表示被扫描代码符号结构中的条和空间的相对宽度的数字字并且经线142被传送给解码处理器108；一组扫描线数据线缓冲器160，用于缓冲在每个扫描周期期间(即，针对两个扫描方向)横跨激光扫描场的激光扫描束的完整扫掠期间收集的扫描数据的每个完整线；编程的解码处理器108，用于对存储在所述扫描线数据缓冲器160中的数字化数据进行解码处理，并且产生表示由激光扫描束扫描的每个条形码符号的符号字符数据；扫描数据信号强度检测模块141，优选地实现在扫描数据处理器/数字转换器10内，用于连续地(i)处理由光电检测器106产生的返回模拟(或数字)扫描数据信号，(ii)检测和分析激光返回信号的强度(即，量值)，(iii)确定(例如，估计)被扫描物体相对于扫描窗口的范围或距离，以及然后(iv)将范围指示(即，估计)信号(例如，具有数字数据值的形式)经线143传送给控制器150，以使得它能够编程或设置针对由扫描器驱动电路111通过供应给电磁线圈128的驱动电流的振幅控制的激光扫描组件110的合适的扫描角α(t)；输入/输出(I/O)通信接口模块140，用于经符号读取器和主机***154所支持的有线或无线通信链路155与主机通信***154接口并且将符号字符数据传送给主机通信***154；和***控制器150，用于产生必需的控制信号来控制可手持激光扫描条形码符号读取***内的操作。
优选地，基于IR(或基于VLD)的物体检测子***219被安装在它的光透射窗口103的前面，以使得子***219的其IR光发射器和IR光接收器部件(或VLD光发射器和接收器部件) 在***的激光扫描场内具有对物体的没有障碍的视野，如图1中所示。而且，物体存在检测模块219能够将具有连续低强度输出水平或具有脉冲高强度输出水平的IR(或可见)信号传送到扫描场115中，这些IR(或可见)信号可在一些条件下用于增加***的物体检测范围。在替代实施例中，IR光发射器和IR光接收器部件能够分别被实现为本领域公知的可见光(例如，红光)发射器和可见光(例如，红光)接收器部件。通常，如在通过引用被合并于此的第5,340,971号美国专利中所教导的，物体检测光束将会被调制并且同时被检测。
如图7中所示，激光扫描模块105包括许多子部件，即：激光扫描组件110，具有电磁线圈128和支撑轻型反射元件(例如，镜子)134A的可旋转扫描元件(例如，镜子)134；线圈驱动电路111，用于产生电驱动信号来驱动激光扫描组件110中的电磁线圈128；以及用于产生在扫描场的近处部分中聚焦的可见激光束113A的激光束源(即，近VLD)112A，和用于产生在激光扫描场的远处部分中聚焦的可见激光束113B的激光束源(即，远VLD)112B；和射束偏转镜114，用于把激光束113A偏转为朝着激光扫描组件110的镜子部件的入射射束114A，激光扫描组件110的镜子部件在***操作期间使偏转激光束114B横跨激光扫描场和可能同时存在于其中的条形码符号16扫掠。
如图7中所示，激光扫描模块105通常安装在光具座、印刷电路(PC)板或也存在激光扫描组件的其它表面上，并且包括线圈支撑部分，线圈支撑部分用于支撑电磁线圈128(在永磁体135附近)并且电磁线圈128由扫描器驱动电路111驱动，以使得它在激光扫描组件操作期间在永磁体135的相反极上产生磁力，使得镜子部件134关于旋转轴振荡。假设永磁体135的性质以及永磁体135和电磁线圈128之间的距离基本上不变，那么施加在永磁体135及其关联的扫描元件上的力是在扫描操作期间供应给电磁线圈128的电驱动电流的函数。通常，由扫描器驱动电路111产生的驱动电流IDC(t)的电平越大，施加在永磁体135及其关联的扫描元件上的力越大，并且继而，所产生的扫描扫掠角α(t)越大，并且因此由激光扫描束产生的扫描线长度LSL越大。因此，能够在图7中示出的扫描驱动电流控制模块150A的控制下通过控制由扫描器驱动电路111供应给电磁线圈128的驱动电流IDC(t)的电平来直接控制扫描模块105的扫描扫掠角α(t)。这将会是本公开中控制扫描扫掠角α(t)和扫描线长度LSL的优选方法。
优选地，强度检测模块141被实现在扫描数据处理器/数字转换器107内，扫描数据处理器/数字转换器107可被实现为ASIC芯片，该ASIC芯片支持执行在其里面执行的功能和操作的模拟和数字类型电路两者。强度检测模块141的功能是多方面的：(i)不断地处理返回模拟(或数字)扫描数据信号并且检测和分析激光返回信号的强度(即，量值)，(ii)在每个测量时间段期间确定(例如，估计)扫描物体相对于扫描窗口的范围或距离；和(iii)将范围/距离指示信号(例如，具有数字数据值的形式)传送给控制器150以根据测量的、检测的或估计的被扫描物体的距离或范围来设置合适的扫描扫掠角。
优选地，通过进行相对信噪比(SNR)测量能够在每个测量时间段期间确定(例如，估计)被扫描物体相对于扫描窗口的范围或距离，其中最低SNR值对应于***的工作范围中的最远可能扫描距离(相对于扫描窗口)，并且最高SNR值对应于***的工作范围中的最短可能扫描距离。显著的是，模块141可包括能够在这种范围/距离确定中使用的存储预先校准的扫描范围对SNR值的表。
通常，***500支持自动触发操作模式和如下所述的条形码符号读取的方法。
响应于对扫描场中的物体的自动检测，激光扫描模块105产生激光扫描束并且通过光透射窗口103投射激光扫描束，并且横跨位于可手持壳体外部的激光扫描场115投射激光扫描束以用于对扫描场中的物体进行扫描。依赖于物体被检测的在扫描场中的位置，激光扫描束由激光源112A或激光源112B响应于由***控制器150产生的控制信号而产生。扫描元件(即，机构)134以由控制器150针对当前扫描周期设置的、使用下面描述的过程由估计/检测的被扫描物体范围所确定的扫描扫掠角使激光束113A或113B反复地横跨激光扫描场中的物体进行扫描。然后，光收集光学装置106收集从扫描场中的物体上的被扫描的代码符号反射/散射的光，并且光电检测器(106)自动检测收集的光的强度(即，光子能量)并且产生与在扫描操作期间检测的光强度对应的模拟扫描数据信号。在模拟扫描数据信号处理器/数字转换器107内，强度检测模块141执行下面的功能：(i)不断地处理返回模拟(或数字)扫描数据信号；(ii)检测和分析激光返回信号的强度(即，量值)；(ii)在每个测量时间段期间确定(例如，估计)被扫描物体相对于扫描窗口的范围或距离；和(iv)将范围/距离指示信号(例如，具有数字数据值的形式)传送给控制器150以基于所检测的扫描距离针对激光扫描组件110设置合适的扫描角α(t)。
模拟扫描数据信号处理器/数字转换器107还处理模拟扫描数据信号，并且将处理的模拟扫描数据信号转换成数字化数据信号。编程的解码处理器108对数字化数据信号进行解码处理，并且产生表示由激光扫描束扫描的每个条形码符号的符号字符数据。解码的条形码符号可以是编程类型或菜单类型条形码符号或者是不意图在条形码符号扫描器内执行或发起任何编程或特殊操作的普通数据编码条形码符号。
如以上所指示，在任何给定时刻，激光扫描束的扫描角由扫描场中的被扫描物体的范围R(t)确定。能够以至少两种不同方式确定范围测量或估计R(t)：(i)通过处理收集的返回激光扫描信号；或(ii)使用由基于LED或IR的物体检测/范围检测机构产生的范围数据。在处理返回激光扫描信号的情况下，激光信号被转换成电信号，该电信号被馈送到模拟扫描数据信号处理器/数字转换器107中的模块141中。由能够被实现为ASIC(或FPGA)芯片或其它实现技术的处理器107计算处理的模拟或数字扫描数据信号的强度或信噪比(SNR)并且随后将其用于估计被扫描条形码符号的距离/范围。强信号或高信噪比通常对应于较短范围/距离，而弱信号或低信噪比对应于较大范围/距离。激光扫描束的扫描角α(t)能够随后基于信号强度或SNR和实现在ASIC 107中的预定表/算法被动态地调整。以下是被提供用于说明上述这三个参数之间的关系的示例性表。对于具有不同工作范围的扫描器，能够修改这些参数。
被确定为预定最大强度或SNR值的百分比的信号强度或SNR 扫描器和被扫描条形码符号之间的距离/范围R(t) 被选择为整个激光扫描线的百分比的扫描角α(t)
95% 2英寸 α1 = ________度
… … …
50% 1英尺 αj = _________度
… … …
10% 2英尺 αN=__________度
显著的是，在不同扫描应用期间可能不同的条件下，能够触发动态地定义的扫描扫掠角α(t)。因为扫描扫掠角α(t)是能够并且通常将会在扫描操作期间在任何时刻变化的物体扫描范围R(t)的函数，所以要理解，动态编程的扫描角的持续时间也将会随着时间而变化，并且取决于由模拟扫描数据处理器/数字转换器107确定的物体范围/距离，如上所述的。
与由解码器108读取(即，解码)的条形码对应的符号字符数据随后经I/O通信接口140被传送给主机***154，I/O通信接口140可支持本领域公知的有线和/或无线通信链路155。在物体检测和激光扫描操作期间，***控制器150产生必需的控制信号以用于控制可手持激光扫描条形码符号读取***内的操作。
参照图10A，将更详细地描述读取条形码符号和控制激光扫描条形码读取器50内的操作的方法。
如图10A中所指示，由***控制器150协调的过程开始于开始块，其中除激光和扫描电机(即，电磁线圈)之外，所有***部件被激活。然后，在图10A中的块A1处，***控制器确定是否在扫描场中检测到物体。如果块A1处已检测到物体，那么***控制器前进至块A2，并且确定是否已在扫描场的近处部分中检测到该检测到的物体。如果是，则在块B处，***控制器(i)以足够的电流激活激光二极管和扫描器驱动电路111以产生针对扫描场的近处部分的默认扫描扫掠角α0(t)，(ii)然后开始超时时间段定时器T1，(iii)使用近场VLD扫描物体，(iv)收集和处理扫描数据以确定被扫描物体距扫描窗口的范围或距离，以及(v)并且随后针对测量或估计的范围设置扫描角，并且随后收集和处理来自检测的范围处的物体的扫描数据的线。***控制器命令在扫描数据缓冲器160中缓冲在当前扫描周期期间设置的完全扫描扫掠角上针对扫描方向收集的扫描数据的完整线。来自每个扫描方向的扫描数据被缓冲在不同扫描线数据缓冲器中。在块C，解码处理器对收集并且缓冲的扫描数据的线运行解码算法。
在块D，***控制器确定解码处理器108是否已基于收集并且缓冲在扫描数据缓冲器160中的扫描的线对条形码符号进行解码。在块D，如果已在缓冲的扫描数据的线内对条形码符号进行了解码(即，读取)，则在块E，***控制器将符号字符数据传送给主机***并且返回到块A1。在块D，如果未在缓冲的扫描数据的线内对条形码符号进行解码(即，读取)，则在块F1，***控制器确定是否已达到超时时间段T1(即，已达到或实现最大扫描阈值)。如果未达到超时时间段，则***控制器返回到块B，处理扫描数据信号，确定物体范围并且更新激光扫描束的扫描角，并且在剩余时间段T1内尝试收集和解码扫描数据。如果已达到超时时间段，则***控制器前进至块F2，发送解码失败通知，并且能够使激光源和扫描电机失效(如果被编程为这样操作的话)，并且然后返回到块A1。
如果在图10A中的块A2处，在扫描场的近处部分中未检测到该检测到的物体，则***控制器前进至块G，并且控制器(i)以足够的电流(重新)激活激光二极管和扫描器驱动电路111以产生针对扫描场的远处部分的默认扫描扫掠角α0(t)，(ii)开始超时时间段定时器T1，(iii)使用远场VLD扫描物体，(iv)收集和处理扫描数据以确定被扫描物体距扫描窗口的范围或距离R(t)，以及(v)并且随后针对测量或估计的范围设置扫描角α(t)，并且随后在检测到的范围从物体收集和处理扫描数据的线。***控制器命令在扫描数据缓冲器160中缓冲在当前扫描周期期间设置的完全扫描扫掠角上针对扫描方向收集的完整扫描数据的线。来自每个扫描方向的扫描数据被缓冲在不同扫描线数据缓冲器中。在块H，解码处理器对收集并且缓冲的扫描数据的线运行解码算法。
在块I，***控制器确定解码处理器108是否已基于收集并且缓冲在扫描数据缓冲器160中的扫描的线对条形码符号进行了解码。在块I，如果已在缓冲的扫描数据的线内对条形码符号进行了解码(即，读取)，则在块J，***控制器将符号字符数据传送给主机***并且返回到块A1。在块I，如果未在缓冲的扫描数据的线内对条形码符号进行解码(即，读取)，则在块K，***控制器确定是否已达到超时时间段T1(即，已达到或实现最大扫描阈值)。如果未达到超时时间段，则***控制器返回到块G，处理扫描数据信号，确定物体范围并且更新激光扫描束的扫描角，并且在剩余时间段T1内尝试收集和解码扫描数据。如果已达到超时时间段，则***控制器前进至块L，发送解码失败通知，并且能够使激光源和扫描电机失效(如果被编程为这样操作的话)，并且然后返回到块A1。
通过图10A和10B中描述的新的控制过程，条形码符号读取器具有如下能力：当在不同扫描距离或范围处扫描承载条形码符号的物体时，动态地调整从VLD 112A或112B主动发射可见激光扫描束的时间，以在条形码符号读取过程期间使投射到被扫描物体上的扫描线长度保持在预定限制内。在一些应用中，扫描线长度LSL能够在被扫描物体上保持基本不变，而不管扫描距离R(t)如何。在其它实施例中，被扫描物体上的扫描线长度LSL可针对不同的检测到的扫描距离R(t)的范围在预定限制内保持基本上不变。
容易想到的一些修改。
尽管说明性实施例公开了使用1D激光扫描模块来检测物体上的可见和/或不可见条形码符号，但要理解，2D或光栅类型激光扫描模块也能够被用于扫描1D条形码符号、2D堆叠线性条形码符号和2D矩阵代码符号，并且产生用于解码处理的扫描数据。
尽管已在这里公开了针对手持扫描应用的说明性的扫描角的范围，但要理解，能够根据最终用户应用的要求使用其它值。
尽管已图示可手持激光扫描***，但要理解，这些激光扫描***能够被封装在便携式或移动数据终端(PDT)中，其中激光扫描引擎响应于从PDT内的主机计算机154接收到扫描请求而开始扫描。而且，激光扫描***能够被结合到模块化紧凑壳体中并且安装在需要扫描可能位于大的扫描范围(例如，与扫描***相距多达20+英尺)内的任何地方的物体(例如，盒子)上的代码符号的固定应用环境中，诸如柜台顶表面上、墙壁表面上以及可移动机器(诸如，铲车)上。在这种固定安装的应用中，触发信号能够由位于远程位置(例如，在驾驶员附近的铲车驾驶室内)或不在***的壳体上的任何地方的手动开关产生。
而且，已结合包括1-D和2-D条形码结构(例如，1D条形码符号、2D堆叠线性条形码符号和2D矩阵代码符号)的各种类型的代码符号读取应用描述了说明性实施例，要理解的是，本发明能够被用于读取(即，识别)任何机器可读标记、数据形式或信息的图形编码形式，包括但不限于条形码符号结构、字母数字字符识别串、笔迹和本领域当前已知或将在未来开发的不同数据形式。以下，术语“代码符号”应该被视为包括所有这种信息承载结构和其它形式的以图形方式编码的信息。
要理解的是，可按照各种方式修改说明性实施例的基于数字成像的条形码符号读取***，这对于受益于这里公开的新的教导的本领域技术人员而言将会变得容易地显而易见。其说明性实施例的所有这种修改和变化应该被视为落在所附权利要求的范围内。

Claims (17)

1.一种使用激光扫描代码符号读取***以工作距离读取代码符号的方法，所述方法包括下述步骤：
(a)在具有代码符号的物体附近支撑具有扫描线数据缓冲器的可手持激光扫描代码符号读取***；
(b)估计所述物体距所述符号读取***的距离，并且产生表示估计距离的数据；
(c)投射激光扫描束，其中所述激光扫描束扫掠通过一扫描角，同时，当所述物体距所述符号读取***的估计距离随时间改变时，把由所述激光扫描束投射到被扫描的所述物体上的基本上恒定的扫描线长度保持在预定限制内；
(d)在激光扫描束横跨扫描场和所述扫描场中的任何物体的扫描扫掠期间，检测从所述激光扫描代码符号读取***的所述扫描场反射/散射的激光的强度，并且产生表示所检测的激光的扫描数据信号；
(e)在激光束横跨扫描场和其中的任何物体的扫掠期间收集扫描数据的线，并且缓冲所收集的扫描数据的线；
(f)在尝试读取所述扫描数据的线中表示的任何代码符号时以及当在所述扫描数据的线内读取代码符号时，对在步骤(e)中收集并且缓冲的所述扫描数据的线进行解码处理，然后产生与解码的代码符号对应的符号字符数据并且将与解码的代码符号对应的符号字符数据传送到其预期目的地。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中通过调整所述扫描角把投射到被扫描的物体上的所述扫描线长度保持在所述预定限制内。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中在所述激光扫描代码符号读取***的工作范围的大部分上，针对距光透射窗口的物体距离的范围，由激光扫描束投射到被扫描的物体上的扫描线的长度基本上不变。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中在所述激光扫描代码符号读取***的工作范围的有限部分上，针对距光透射窗口的物体距离的范围，由激光扫描束投射到被扫描的物体上的扫描线的长度基本上不变。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述代码符号是从由以下各项构成的组中选择的符号：1D条形码符号、2D堆叠线性条形码符号和2D矩阵代码符号。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中步骤(c)包括：响应于在步骤(b)中估计的所述距离，使用扫描器电流驱动电路将不同电平的驱动电流供应给以电磁方式驱动的扫描机构以实现所述扫描角。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中步骤(b)包括：通过处理表示所检测的激光的产生的扫描数据信号来估计所述扫描场中的物体距光透射窗口的距离。
8.一种激光扫描代码符号读取***，包括：
壳体，具有光透射窗口；
激光扫描模块，布置在所述壳体中，用于在每个扫描周期期间，使激光扫描束横跨在所述符号读取***外部定义的扫描场并且沿着所述扫描场中的被扫描物体上的激光扫描线进行扫描；
光收集光学装置，布置在所述壳体中，用于收集从所述扫描场中的被扫描物体反射/散射的光；
光电检测器，布置在所述壳体中，用于在每个所述扫描周期期间，在激光扫描操作期间检测从所述扫描场收集的光的强度，并且产生与检测的光强度对应的模拟扫描数据信号；
扫描数据信号处理器，布置在所述壳体中，用于处理所述模拟扫描数据信号，并且针对每个所述扫描周期产生扫描数据的线；
其中所述扫描数据信号处理器还包括：用于处理所述模拟扫描数据信号以估计所述扫描场中的物体距所述符号读取***的距离并且产生表示估计距离的数据的模块；
其中所述激光扫描模块还通过所述光透射窗口投射所述激光扫描束，从而包括具有扫描角的激光扫描束；
扫描数据缓冲器，布置在所述壳体中，用于在每个所述扫描周期期间缓冲每个所述扫描数据的线；
编程处理器，布置在所述壳体中，用于处理在每个所述扫描周期期间缓冲在所述扫描数据缓冲器中的每个所述扫描数据的线以对在所述扫描数据中表示的任何代码符号进行解码并且产生表示解码的代码符号的符号字符数据，并且用于将所述符号字符数据传送到它的预期目的地；和
***控制器，布置在所述壳体中，用于控制所述激光扫描代码符号读取***内的操作以便当被扫描物体距所述符号读取***的估计距离随时间改变时，把投射到被扫描物体上的激光扫描线的基本上恒定的长度保持在预定限制内。
9.如权利要求8所述的激光扫描代码符号读取***，其中所述激光扫描代码符号读取***被配置为：作为估计距离或表示估计距离的数据的函数随时间调整所述扫描角，以把投射到被扫描物体上的激光扫描线的长度保持在所述预定限制内。
10.如权利要求8所述的激光扫描代码符号读取***，其中：在所述激光扫描代码符号读取***的工作范围的大部分上，针对距光透射窗口的物体距离的范围，由激光扫描束投射到被扫描的物体上的扫描线的长度基本上不变。
11.如权利要求8所述的激光扫描代码符号读取***，其中：在所述激光扫描代码符号读取***的工作范围的有限部分上，针对距光透射窗口的物体距离的范围，由激光扫描束投射到被扫描的物体上的扫描线的长度基本上不变。
12.如权利要求8所述的激光扫描代码符号读取***，其中：所述代码符号是从由以下各项构成的组中选择的符号：1D条形码符号、2D堆叠线性条形码符号和2D矩阵代码符号。
13.如权利要求8所述的激光扫描代码符号读取***，其中：所述激光扫描模块包括扫描器电流驱动电路，所述扫描器电流驱动电路响应于估计距离而将不同电平的驱动电流供应给以电磁方式驱动的扫描机构以实现所述扫描角。
14.如权利要求8所述的激光扫描代码符号读取***，其中：所述扫描数据信号处理器包括：用于通过处理表示所检测的激光的产生的扫描数据信号来估计所述扫描场中的物体距所述光透射窗口的距离的模块。
15.如权利要求8所述的激光扫描代码符号读取***，其还包括：输入/输出(I/O)通信接口，布置在所述壳体中，用于经通信链路与主机***接口并且将符号字符数据传送给所述主机***。
16.如权利要求15所述的激光扫描代码符号读取***，其中所述通信链路是有线或无线通信链路。
17.如权利要求8所述的激光扫描代码符号读取***，其中所述壳体是可手持壳体。
CN201280074087.6A 2012-06-20 2012-06-20 使用动态范围相关扫描角控制来提供对投射到被扫描物体上的激光扫描线的长度的控制的激光扫描代码符号读取*** Expired - Fee Related CN104395911B (zh)

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